MSSTI, Henry Ikoh Lauds Osinbajo, Crabtree, Others Over Successful COP27
The honourable Minister of State for Science, Technology and Innovation, Chief Henry Ikechukwu Ikoh has commended the Vice President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Prof. Yemi Osinbajo for the roles he played in facilitating the leading the efforts of Carbon Capture, Usage and Storage (CCUS).
In his appreciation letter made available to Famousreporters.com, today, Ikoh thanked all and sundry who on different capacities, contributed to the success of the just concluded 2022 COP27, held in Egypt, saying that it was impactful.
The letter read in detail:
“First and foremost, I want to thank God for a successful launch.
It was indeed an impactful event.
“My warmest gratitude goes to the Vice President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria,ย Prof. Yemi Osinbajo for leading the efforts on CCUS development in Nigeria;
“The Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy and Carbon Management,ย Mr. Brad Crabtree and his Team;
“Also, Dr. Richard Victor Osu; Dr. Lily Odarno; Casie Davidson;ย Adam Wong and Dr. Peter Ekweozoh, mni for their individual efforts in planning this event.
The President of Clean Air Task Force, Mr. Armond Cohen and his Team.
“And to you all, I want to say you are not just good, you’re great”, he said.
It could be recalled that the Honourable Minister had represented Nigeria the launch of Global Clean Tech Innovation Programmeย (GCIP) by UNIDO MD and Ministers of partnering countries.
Famousreporters.com reports that Ozurumba had, during the world event, called for an innovative approach to enable the Cleantech ecosystem by harmonising the contributions of critical actors while fostering an attractive business environment for the startups, SMEs and Innovators.
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Despite this, Ethereum’s current sentiment remains in ‘greed’ territory, with the Ethereum Fear and Greed Index indicating a score of 56 โ suggesting that market sentiment is still optimistic. The current CAD price of Ethereum is . This price data is based on the mid price of the exchange data from the Bitbuy API, and may not accurately represent the lowest possible price to buy this coin at this time. Ether had humble beginnings, trading for around $10 in Spring 2017. But, as developers began creating ERC-20 tokens based on the Ethereum blockchain, ETH skyrocketed to triple digits in a matter of months. By January 2018, prices topped out at around $1400. In the bear market that followed, no one couldโve expected that prices would nearly hit $5000 as investors flooded in to buy up as much ETH as possible.
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Margin trading can be used to profit from a declining cryptocurrency through the process of short selling. The way it works is simple: if you expect a cryptocurrency to fall in price, you can borrow $10,000 worth of the asset from your broker before selling it immediately. If the asset then declines in price by 20%, you can then buy the same amount back for $8,000, repay your loan and pocket the difference as profit. An excellent way to maximize your crypto portfolio is to find a trading wallet with high interest and deposit your coins for investment purposes. Youโll be able to see how much profit (or loss) they make over time to determine how much longer you want to keep them there before selling them off for fiat currency. You can also find another coin with a higher value than what you initially invested in them.
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ะะพะฑัะพ ะฟะพะถะฐะปะพะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะธะน ะผะธั ะฐะฒะธะฐัะพัะพะฒ! Aviator โ ััะพ ัะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะธะณัะฐ, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธั ะฒะฐะผ ะพะบัะฝััััั ะฒ ะฐัะผะพััะตัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะฑะต. ะะตะพะฑััะฝัะต ะณัะฐัะธะบะฐ ะธ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะธะน ััะถะตั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฒะฐัะต ะฟััะตัะตััะฒะธะต ะฟะพ ะฒะพะทะดัั ั ะฝะตะฟะพะฒัะพัะธะผัะผ.
ะะณัะฐะนัะต ะฒ Aviator Spribe ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธะณัะฐัั ะฟะพ ัััะฐัะตะณะธะธ ะธ ะฝะฐัะปะฐะถะดะฐะนัะตัั ะฒะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ ะธะณัั ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะฝะฐะผะธ!
Aviator ะธะณัะฐ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธั ะฒะฐะผ ะฟะพััะฒััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฝะฐััะพััะธะผ ะฟะธะปะพัะพะผ. ะะฐะผ ะฟัะตะดััะพะธั ัะพะฒะตััะธัั ะฝะตะฒะตัะพััะฝัะต ะผะฐะฝะตะฒัั, ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝััั ัะปะพะถะฝัะต ะทะฐะดะฐะฝะธั ะธ ััะฐะถะฐัััั ั ะฟัะพัะธะฒะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ. ะฃะปัััะฐะนัะต ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะผะพะปะตั, ััะพะฑั ะฑััั ะณะพัะพะฒัะผ ะบ ะปัะฑัะผ ัะธััะฐัะธัะผ ะธ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั ะฝะฐััะพััะธะผ ะผะฐััะตัะพะผ.
ะัะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพััะธ Aviator ะบัะฐั ะธะณัั:
1. ะ ะตะฐะปะธััะธัะฝะฐั ะณัะฐัะธะบะฐ ะธ ัะธะทะธะบะฐ โ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะฟะตัะตะดะพะฒะพะน ะณัะฐัะธะบะต ะธ ัะตะฐะปะธััะธัะฝะพะน ัะธะทะธะบะต ะฒั ะฟะพััะฒััะฒัะตัะต ัะตะฑั ะฝะฐััะพััะธะผ ะฟะธะปะพัะพะผ.
2. ะ ะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะฝัะต ัะตะถะธะผั ะธะณัั ะธ ะผะธััะธะธ โ ะฒ Aviator ะบัะฐั ะธะณัะต ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัะต ัะตะถะธะผั ะธะณัั, ัะฐะบะธะต ะบะฐะบ ะณะพะฝะบะธ, ัะธะผัะปััะพั ะฟะพะปะตัะพะฒ ะธ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะธะต ะฒะพะทะดััะฝัะต ะฑะพะธ. ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะถะดะฐั ะผะธััะธั ะฑัะดะตั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะฒัะทะพะฒั ะธ ะทะฐะดะฐัะธ.
3. ะฃะปัััะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะผะพะดะตัะฝะธะทะฐัะธั ัะฐะผะพะปะตัะพะฒ โ ะฒ ะธะณัะต ะดะพัััะฟะฝั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัะต ะผะพะดะตะปะธ ัะฐะผะพะปะตัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัั ะธ ัะปัััะฐัั. ะั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ัััะฐะฝะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐัั ะฝะพะฒะพะต ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ัะปัััะฐัั ะดะฒะธะณะฐัะตะปัะฝะพััั ะธ ะผะพัะฝะพััั ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะพะปะตัะฐ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัะต ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัั ะพะบัะฐัะบะธ ะธ ะดะตะบะพัะฐัะธะธ.
Aviator ะบัะฐั ะธะณัะฐ โ ััะพ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะธัะฟััะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฒ ัะพะปะธ ะฐะฒะธะฐัะพัะฐ ะธ ะฟัะตะพะดะพะปะตัั ะฒัะต ัะปะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ ะฒะพะทะดััะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะพัััะฐะฝััะฒะฐ. ะะพััะฒััะฒัะนัะต ะฝะฐััะพัััั ัะฒะพะฑะพะดั ะธ ะฐะดัะตะฝะฐะปะธะฝ ะฒ Aviator ะบัะฐั ะธะณัะต ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ!
ะะณัะฐะนัะต ะฒ ยซะะฒะธะฐัะพัยป ะฒ ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ Pin-Up
Aviator ะบัะฐั ะธะณัะฐ ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ะธ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐัััั ะธะณัะพะฒัั ะฐัะผะพััะตัั, ะณะดะต ะฒั ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัะตัั ะฝะฐััะพััะธะผ ะฐะฒะธะฐัะพัะพะผ ะธ ััะฐะถะฐะตัะตัั ั ัะฐะผัะผะธ ะพะฟะฐัะฝัะผะธ ะธัะบััััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะธะฝัะตะปะปะตะบัะฐะผะธ.
ะ ััะพะน ะธะณัะต ะฒั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐัั ัะฒะพะต ะผะฐััะตัััะฒะพ ะธ ัะผะตะบะฐะปะบั, ััะพะฑั ะฟัะตะพะดะพะปะตัั ัะปะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะผะฝะพะณะพัะธัะปะตะฝะฝัั ะปะพะบะฐัะธะน ะธ ััะพะฒะฝะตะน. ะะฐะผ ะฟัะตะดััะพะธั ัะพะฑะธัะฐัั ะฑะพะฝััั, ัะบะปะพะฝััััั ะพั ะฟัะตะฟััััะฒะธะน ะธ ััะฐะถะฐัััั ั ะฒัะฐะณะฐะผะธ, ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฝะฐะฒัะบะธ ะฟะธะปะพัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัััะตะปัะฑั.
ะะฐะถะดัะน ััะพะฒะตะฝั ะธะณัั Aviator ะบัะฐั ะธะผะตะตั ัะฒะพั ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัั ะฐัะผะพััะตัั ะธ ะทะฐะดะฐัะธ. ะัะดััะต ะณะพัะพะฒั ะบ ะฝะตะพะถะธะดะฐะฝะฝะพัััะผ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะฒะฐั ะถะดัั ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะธะต ะฟะพะฒะพัะพัั ััะถะตัะฐ ะธ ัะปะพะถะฝัะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธั. ะะฐะนะดะธัะต ะฒัะต ะฟััะธ ะบ ะฟะพะฑะตะดะต ะธ ััะฐะฝััะต ะฝะฐััะพััะธะผ ะณะตัะพะตะผ ะฐะฒะธะฐัะพัะพะผ!
ะะฒะธะฐัะพั ะธะณัะฐ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะฝัะผ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะฒัะตะผั ะธ ะธัะฟััะฐัั ะฝะฐััะพััะธะน ะฐะดัะตะฝะฐะปะธะฝะพะฒัะน ัะฐะทััะด. ะะพัะพะฒั ะปะธ ะฒั ััะฐัั ะปัััะธะผ ะฐะฒะธะฐัะพัะพะผ? ะะต ัะฟัััะธัะต ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะฝั ะธ ะฝะฐัะฝะธัะต ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ Aviator ะบัะฐั ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั!
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ะะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ – ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ
ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต ะพ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะตะผ ะผะธัะต ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA, ะณะดะต ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะน ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ, ัะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะธะต ะธะณัะพะฒัั ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐัะพะฒ ะธ ัะตะดััะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะถะดัั ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะธะณัะพะบะฐ. ะะพะณััะทะธัะตัั ะฒ ะฐัะผะพััะตัั ัะปะพัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA.
ะะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA: ะะพะณััะถะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะผะธั ะฐะทะฐััะฝัั ัะฐะทะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะน
ะ ะผะธัะต ะฐะทะฐััะฝัั ะธะณั ัััะตััะฒัะตั ะพะณัะพะผะฝะพะต ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะพ ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ, ะบะฐะถะดะพะต ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ัััะตะผะธััั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะธ ะฐัะผะพััะตัะพะน. ะะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ัะฐะบะธั ะทะฐะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะน ัะฒะปัะตััั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะฟะพัะตัะธัะตะปัะผ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะธะต ะธะณัะพะฒัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะฝะตะฟะพะฒัะพัะธะผัะน ะพะฟัั ะฐะทะฐััะฝัั ัะฐะทะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะน.
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ะะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA ะฒะพะดะบะฐ ะฑะตั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ัะธัะพะบะธะน ัะฟะตะบัั ะฐะทะฐััะฝัั ะธะณั, ะดะพัััะฟะฝัั ะฒ ะฒะธัััะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฟัะพัััะฐะฝััะฒะต. ะั ะบะปะฐััะธัะตัะบะธั ะธะณัะพะฒัั ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐัะพะฒ ะดะพ ะฝะฐััะพะปัะฝัั ะธะณั, ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ััะปะตัะบะฐ, ะฑะปัะบะดะถะตะบ ะธ ะฟะพะบะตั – ะทะดะตัั ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะธะณัะพะบ ัะผะพะถะตั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพ ัะฒะพะตะผั ะฒะบััั. ะกะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะน ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ ะธ ัะดะพะฑะฝัะน ะธะฝัะตััะตะนั ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปััั ะฝะฐัะปะฐะถะดะฐัััั ะธะณัะพะฒัะผ ะฟัะพัะตััะพะผ ะฑะตะท ะบะฐะบะธั -ะปะธะฑะพ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ะธะปะธ ะทะฐะดะตัะถะตะบ.
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ะะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะฒ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะพะฒัั ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฟะพะพััะตะฝะธั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝัั ัะฒะปััััั ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ะฐะบัะธะธ. ะะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA ะฝะต ะพััะฐะตััั ะฒ ััะพัะพะฝะต ะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะทะฐ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั, ะฟะตัะฒัะต ะดะตะฟะพะทะธัั ะธะปะธ ััะฐััะธะต ะฒ ะฐะบัะธัั . ะญัะธ ะฑะพะฝััั ะผะพะณัั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั ะธ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะตัะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝัะผ.
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ะะฐะถะฝัะผ ะฐัะฟะตะบัะพะผ ะปัะฑะพะณะพ ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ะทะฐัะธัะฐ ะธั ะปะธัะฝะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ. ะะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA ะฟัะธะดะฐะตั ััะพะผั ะพัะพะฑะพะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต, ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัั ะฟะตัะตะดะพะฒัะต ัะตั ะฝะพะปะพะณะธะธ ัะธััะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะธ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐั ะบะพะฝัะธะดะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝะพััั ะฒัะตั ััะฐะฝะทะฐะบัะธะน. ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบััะณะปะพัััะพัะฝะฐั ัะปัะถะฑะฐ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะธ ะณะพัะพะฒะฐ ะพัะฒะตัะธัั ะฝะฐ ะปัะฑัะต ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะธ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฐััะธั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ.
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ะะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA – ััะพ ะผะตััะพ, ะณะดะต ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะฐะทะฐััะฝัะน ะธะณัะพะบ ะฝะฐะนะดะตั ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพ ัะฒะพะตะผั ะฒะบััั. ะะพะณะฐััะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะธะณั, ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฝัะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ะฒััะพะบะธะน ััะพะฒะตะฝั ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ ะดะตะปะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะผ ะดะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ั ะพัะตั ะธัะฟััะฐัั ัะดะฐัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฝะตะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะตะผัะต ัะผะพัะธะธ ะพั ะฐะทะฐััะฝัั ัะฐะทะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะน. ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ัะฒะพะน ะฟะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะณ ะฒ ะผะธั ะฐะทะฐััะฐ ะธ ะธัะฟััะฐะนัะต ัะดะฐัั ะฒ ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ VODKA ัะถะต ัะตะณะพะดะฝั!
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ะ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะพะฑัะตััะฒะต, ะณะดะต ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ – ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ัะดะฐัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะน ะพััะฐัะปะธ, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะธััั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะน ะธ ะฟัะพััะพะน ะฟััั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะคะฐะบั ะฝะฐะปะธัะธั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพะฑ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะตัะตะพัะตะฝะธัั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ. ะะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตั ะดะฒะตัั ะฟะตัะตะด ะบะฐะถะดัะผ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะพะผ, ะถะตะปะฐััะธะผ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ัััะดะพะฒัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะผ ัะฝะธะฒะตััะธัะตัะต.
ะะฐัะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะฑััััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะพั ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะบัะฟะธัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ััะฐัะพะณะพ ะธะปะธ ะฝะพะฒะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทัะฐ, ััะพ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะพัะปะธัะฝัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต, ัััะฐัะธะป ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั ะธะปะธ ั ะพัะตั ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธัั ะฟะปะพั ะธะต ะพัะตะฝะบะธ. ะัะฑะพะน ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะธะทะณะพัะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐะตััั ั ะพัะพะฑะพะน ะฐะบะบััะฐัะฝะพัััั, ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะบะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะดะตัะฐะปัะผ. ะ ะธัะพะณะต ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะพัะธะณะธะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั.
ะัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะฟะพะดะพะฑะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะฐ ัะพััะพัั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะฒะพะน ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ. ะัะพัะตัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ ะฟัะพััะพ ะธ ะปะตะณะบะพ, ั ะฝะฐัะตะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะพะน. ะะฐัะธะฝะฐั ะพั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทัะฐ ะดะพ ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ะปะธัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะฟะพ ัััะฐะฝะต โ ะฒัะต ะฟะพะด ะฟะพะปะฝัะผ ะบะพะฝััะพะปะตะผ ะพะฟััะฝัั ะผะฐััะตัะพะฒ.
ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต, ะดะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฟััะฐะตััั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั, ะฝะฐัะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ – ะทะฝะฐัะธั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะพัะตััะฐ ะพะฑััะตะฝะธั ะธ ะฝะต ัะตััั ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะธัั ะบ ะดะพััะธะถะตะฝะธั ะปะธัะฝัั ัะตะปะตะน, ะฑัะดั ัะพ ะฟะพัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัะฝะธะฒะตััะธัะตั ะธะปะธ ััะฐัั ะบะฐััะตัั.
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ะ ะฝะฐัะต ะฒัะตะผั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ – ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ััะฟะตัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะผ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟััะฐัััั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะน ะฟััั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฐะปะธัะธะต ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพะฑ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะตัะตะพัะตะฝะธัั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ. ะะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพะฝ ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตั ะดะฒะตัั ะฟะตัะตะด ะปัะฑัะผ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะพะผ, ะบะพัะพััะน ัะพะฑะธัะฐะตััั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ัััะดะพะฒัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฒัััะตะผ ััะตะฑะฝะพะผ ะทะฐะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะธ.
ะัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ะฑััััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะพั ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะั ะธะผะตะตัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะบัะฟะธัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ, ะธ ััะพ ะฑัะดะตั ะพัะปะธัะฝัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ะฟะพัะตััะป ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะะฐะถะดัะน ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะธะทะณะพัะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐะตััั ั ะพัะพะฑะพะน ะฐะบะบััะฐัะฝะพัััั, ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะบะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะดะตัะฐะปัะผ. ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ะฒั ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะพัะธะณะธะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั.
ะัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะฐ ะทะฐะบะปััะฐะตััั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ. ะะตัั ะฟัะพัะตัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒัะฒะฐะตััั ะบะพะผัะพััะฝะพ, ั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะพะน. ะั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทัะฐ ะดะธะฟะปะพะผะฐ ะดะพ ัะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ะฒัะต ะฟะพะด ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝัะผ ะบะพะฝััะพะปะตะผ ะพะฟััะฝัั ะผะฐััะตัะพะฒ.
ะขะฐะบะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะผ, ะดะปั ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฟััะฐะตััั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฑัััััะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะตะฑัะตะผัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั, ะฝะฐัะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะณะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธัั ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ – ััะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะดะปะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะพัะตััะฐ ะพะฑััะตะฝะธั ะธ ััะฐะทั ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะธัั ะบ ัะฒะพะธะผ ัะตะปัะผ, ะฑัะดั ัะพ ะฟะพัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัะฝะธะฒะตััะธัะตั ะธะปะธ ััะฐัั ะบะฐััะตัั.
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ะ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะผะธัะต, ะณะดะต ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ – ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ััะฟะตัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะผ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ััะฐัะฐัััั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะน ะฟััั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฐะปะธัะธะต ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพะฑ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะตัะตะพัะตะฝะธัั ะฟะพะฟัะพััั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ. ะะตะดั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตั ะดะฒะตัั ะฟะตัะตะด ะบะฐะถะดัะผ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะพะผ, ะถะตะปะฐััะธะผ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะบะฐะบะพะผ-ะปะธะฑะพ ะะฃะะต.
ะ ะดะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ะบะพะฝัะตะบััะต ะผั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ะพัะตะฝั ะฑััััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะพั ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ, ะธ ััะพ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ัะดะฐัะฝัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ัััะฐัะธะป ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะธะทะณะพัะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐะตััั ั ะพัะพะฑะพะน ะฐะบะบััะฐัะฝะพัััั, ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะบะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะดะตัะฐะปัะผ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะฟะพะปััะธะปัั ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะพัะธะณะธะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั.
ะัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะพ ะฟะพะดะพะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะทะฐะบะปััะฐะตััั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑััััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ. ะัะพัะตัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ ัะดะพะฑะฝะพ, ั ะฝะฐัะตะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะพะน. ะะฐัะธะฝะฐั ะพั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดััะตะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทัะฐ ะดะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธะธ ะฟะพ ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ะปะธัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ะฒัะต ะฟะพะด ะฟะพะปะฝัะผ ะบะพะฝััะพะปะตะผ ะฝะฐัะธั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะพะฒ.
ะะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ะธัะตั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะตะฑัะตะผัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั, ะฝะฐัะฐ ััะปัะณะฐ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ – ััะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะดะพะปะณะพะณะพ ะฟัะพัะตััะฐ ะพะฑััะตะฝะธั ะธ ััะฐะทั ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะธัั ะบ ะดะพััะธะถะตะฝะธั ัะฒะพะธั ัะตะปะตะน, ะฑัะดั ัะพ ะฟะพัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะะฃะ ะธะปะธ ััะฐัั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั.
https://diploman-rossiya.com
ะ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะพะฑัะตััะฒะต, ะณะดะต ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพะผ ััะฟะตัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะน ะพััะฐัะปะธ, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะธััั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะพััะพะน ะฟััั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฐะปะธัะธะต ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฟะตัะตะพัะตะฝะธัั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ. ะะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตั ะดะฒะตัั ะฟะตัะตะด ะปัะฑัะผ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะพะผ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะถะตะปะฐะตั ะฒัััะฟะธัั ะฒ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะพ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะพะฒ ะธะปะธ ััะธัััั ะฒ ะบะฐะบะพะผ-ะปะธะฑะพ ัะฝะธะฒะตััะธัะตัะต.
ะ ะดะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ะบะพะฝัะตะบััะต ะฝะฐัะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะพัะตะฝั ะฑััััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะพั ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะบัะฟะธัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ, ััะพ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธัั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ัััะฐัะธะป ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั ะธะปะธ ะถะตะปะฐะตั ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธัั ะฟะปะพั ะธะต ะพัะตะฝะบะธ. ะัะต ะดะธะฟะปะพะผั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดัััั ะฐะบะบััะฐัะฝะพ, ั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะบ ะผะตะปััะฐะนัะธะผ ะฝัะฐะฝัะฐะผ. ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฟัะพะดัะบั, 100% ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัััะธะน ะพัะธะณะธะฝะฐะปั.
ะะปััั ะฟะพะดะพะฑะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะฐ ะทะฐะบะปััะฐัััั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ. ะะตัั ะฟัะพัะตัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ ัะดะพะฑะฝะพ, ั ะฝะฐัะตะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะพะน. ะะฐัะฐะฒ ะพั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดััะตะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทัะฐ ะดะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธะน ะฟะพ ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ะปะธัะฝะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะต ะผะตััะพ ัััะฐะฝั โ ะฒัะต ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะพะด ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝัะผ ะบะพะฝััะพะปะตะผ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะพะฒ.
ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต, ะดะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ั ะพัะตั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝัะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะตะฑัะตะผัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั, ะฝะฐัะฐ ััะปัะณะฐ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะัะฟะธัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ – ะทะฝะฐัะธั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะดะปะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑััะตะฝะธั ะธ ััะฐะทั ะฟะตัะตะนัะธ ะบ ัะฒะพะธะผ ัะตะปัะผ: ะบ ะฟะพัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฃะ ะธะปะธ ะบ ะฝะฐัะฐะปั ัะดะฐัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั.
https://diploman-rossiya.com
ะ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะผะธัะต, ะณะดะต ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพะผ ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะผ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะธััั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะน ะฟััั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััั ะฝะฐะปะธัะธั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพะฑ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะตัะตะพัะตะฝะธัั ะฟัะพััะพ ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ. ะะตะดั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตั ะดะฒะตัั ะฟะตัะตะด ะปัะดัะผะธ, ะถะตะปะฐััะธะผะธ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะผ ะธะฝััะธัััะต.
ะะฐัะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะพั ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะั ะธะผะตะตัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ, ะธ ััะพ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะพัะปะธัะฝัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฟะพัะตััะป ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั ะธะปะธ ะถะตะปะฐะตั ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ะพัะตะฝะบะธ. ะดะธะฟะปะพะผั ะธะทะณะพัะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐัััั ั ะพัะพะฑะพะน ะฐะบะบััะฐัะฝะพัััั, ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะบะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะดะตัะฐะปัะผ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะฟะพะปััะธะปัั 100% ะพัะธะณะธะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั.
ะัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะพ ััะพะณะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะฐ ะทะฐะบะปััะฐะตััั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะฒะพะน ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ. ะัะพัะตัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ ะบะพะผัะพััะฝะพ, ั ะฝะฐัะตะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะพะน. ะั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทัะฐ ะดะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธะน ะฟะพ ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะน ัะตะณะธะพะฝ ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ะฒัะต ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะพะด ะฟะพะปะฝัะผ ะบะพะฝััะพะปะตะผ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะพะฒ.
ะะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ะธัะตั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ััะตะฑัะตะผะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ, ะฝะฐัะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ – ััะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะดะปะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑััะตะฝะธั ะธ ััะฐะทั ะฟะตัะตะนัะธ ะบ ะปะธัะฝัะผ ัะตะปัะผ: ะบ ะฟะพัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฃะ ะธะปะธ ะบ ะฝะฐัะฐะปั ัััะดะพะฒะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั.
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ะ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะพะฑัะตััะฒะต, ะณะดะต ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพะผ ััะฟะตัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะผ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะธััั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะน ะธ ะฟัะพััะพะน ะฟััั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฐะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐะปะธัะธั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพะฑ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะตัะตะพัะตะฝะธัั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ. ะะตะดั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตั ะดะฒะตัะธ ะฟะตัะตะด ะปัะฑัะผ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะพะผ, ะถะตะปะฐััะธะผ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ัััะดะพะฒัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะผ ะธะฝััะธัััะต.
ะะฐัะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะพัะตะฝั ะฑััััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะปัะฑะพะน ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะบัะฟะธัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ, ััะพ ะฑัะดะตั ะพัะปะธัะฝัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธัั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ัััะฐัะธะป ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั ะธะปะธ ั ะพัะตั ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ะพัะตะฝะบะธ. ะะฐะถะดัะน ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะธะทะณะพัะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐะตััั ะฐะบะบััะฐัะฝะพ, ั ะพัะพะฑัะผ ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะบะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะฝัะฐะฝัะฐะผ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะฟะพะปััะธะปัั ะฟัะพะดัะบั, ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัััะธะน ะพัะธะณะธะฝะฐะปั.
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ะ ะฝะฐัะต ะฒัะตะผั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฐััะตััะฐั ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพะผ ััะฟะตัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะผ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟััะฐัััั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะพััะพะน ะฟััั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฐะปะธัะธะต ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพะฑ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะตัะตะพัะตะฝะธัั ะฟะพะฟัะพััั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ. ะะตะดั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตั ะดะฒะตัะธ ะฟะตัะตะด ะปัะดัะผะธ, ัััะตะผััะธะผะธัั ะฒัััะฟะธัั ะฒ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะพ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะพะฒ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะบะฐะบะพะผ-ะปะธะฑะพ ะธะฝััะธัััะต.
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What’s up i am kavin, its my first time to commenting anyplace, when i read this post i thought i could also make comment due to this sensible post.
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ะะตะปะฐะตะผ ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะต ะฒะฐะผ ะฟัะพะนัะธ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธั (ะฐัะดะธั) ะฟะพ ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธั ะฟัะพะดะฐะถ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟัะธะฑัะปะธ ะฒ ะฒะฐัะตะผ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต. ะคะพัะผะฐั ะฐัะดะธัะฐ: ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะฒัััะตัะฐ ะธะปะธ ัะตััะธั ะฟะพ ัะบะฐะนะฟั. ะะตะปะฐั ะฒะตัะฝัะต, ะฝะพ ะพะฑัะบะฝะพะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั, ัะตะทัะปััะฐั ะพั ะะะจะะะ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ัะดะฐัััั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฒ ะผะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะท. ะ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะฐััะตะฝะฐะปะต ะฑะพะปะตะต 100 ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะฝัั ััะธะปะธัะฐัะฝัั ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะฟะพะฒััะตะฝะธั ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะธะฑัะปะธ. ะ ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ ะพั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะบะพะผะผะตััะธะฐะปะฐ ะฒัะฑะตัะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะบัะตะฟะบะธะต ะธ ะฝะฐัะฝะตะผ ะฟะพััะตะฟะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะตัะฒะพัััั ะฒ ะถะธะทะฝั.
-https://interestbook.ru/
Hi, I think your blog might be having browser compatibility issues. When I look at your website in Opera, it looks fine but when opening in Internet Explorer, it has some overlapping. I just wanted to give you a quick heads up! Other then that, amazing blog!
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An outstanding share! I have just forwarded this onto a colleague who was doing a little homework on this. And he in fact bought me breakfast because I found it for him… lol. So allow me to reword this…. Thanks for the meal!! But yeah, thanx for spending time to talk about this issue here on your web page.
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I got this web site from my buddy who informed me regarding this web site and now this time I am visiting this site and reading very informative posts at this time.
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Today, while I was at work, my sister stole my apple ipad and tested to see if it can survive a twenty five foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My apple ipad is now destroyed and she has 83 views. I know this is totally off topic but I had to share it with someone!
http://zastolje.mybb2.ru/viewtopic.php?f=86&t=13421
Its like you read my mind! You seem to know so much about this, like you wrote the book in it or something. I think that you can do with a few pics to drive the message home a bit, but instead of that, this is excellent blog. A great read. I’ll certainly be back.
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ะะฐ ัะตะณะพะดะฝััะฝะธะน ะดะตะฝั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฐััะตััะฐั – ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะผ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะธััั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะน ะธ ะฟัะพััะพะน ะฟััั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฐะปะธัะธะต ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพะฑ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ัะปะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตะพัะตะฝะธัั. ะะตะดั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตั ะดะฒะตัะธ ะฟะตัะตะด ะฒัะตะผะธ, ะบัะพ ัะพะฑะธัะฐะตััั ะฒัััะฟะธัั ะฒ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะพ ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะพะฒ ะธะปะธ ััะธัััั ะฒ ะะฃะะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ะพัะตะฝั ะฑััััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะปัะฑะพะน ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะน ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะฐััะตััะฐั ััะฐัะพะณะพ ะธะปะธ ะฝะพะฒะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทัะฐ, ััะพ ะฑัะดะตั ัะดะฐัะฝัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ัััะฐัะธะป ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะััะตััะฐัั ะฒัะฟััะบะฐัััั ั ะพัะพะฑะพะน ััะฐัะตะปัะฝะพัััั, ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะบ ะผะตะปััะฐะนัะธะผ ะดะตัะฐะปัะผ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะฟะพะปััะธะปัั ะฟัะพะดัะบั, 100% ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัััะธะน ะพัะธะณะธะฝะฐะปั.
ะัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะพ ััะพะณะพ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ัะพััะพะธั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฒั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑััััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ะฐััะตััะฐั. ะะตัั ะฟัะพัะตัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒัะฒะฐะตััั ะบะพะผัะพััะฝะพ, ั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะพะน. ะั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทัะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ ะดะพ ัะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ะฒัะต ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธัััั ะฟะพะด ะฟะพะปะฝัะผ ะบะพะฝััะพะปะตะผ ะฝะฐัะธั ะผะฐััะตัะพะฒ.
ะะปั ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฟััะฐะตััั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝัะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ, ะฝะฐัะฐ ััะปัะณะฐ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะฐััะตััะฐั – ะทะฝะฐัะธั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะดะปะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑััะตะฝะธั ะธ ััะฐะทั ะฟะตัะตะนัะธ ะบ ัะฒะพะธะผ ัะตะปัะผ: ะบ ะฟะพัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฃะ ะธะปะธ ะบ ะฝะฐัะฐะปั ัััะดะพะฒะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั.
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ะะตะปะฐะตะผ ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะต ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธั (ะฐัะดะธั) ะฟะพ ะฟะพะดัะตะผั ะฟัะพะดะฐะถ ัะฐะฒะฝัะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะผ ะฟัะธะฑัะปะธ ะฒ ะฒะฐัะตะผ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต. ะคะพัะผะฐั ะฐัะดะธัะฐ: ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะฒัััะตัะฐ ะธะปะธ ัะตััะธั ะฟะพ ัะบะฐะนะฟั. ะะตะปะฐั ะฒะตัะฝัะต, ะฝะพ ะพะฑัะบะฝะพะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ััะธะปะธั, ะดะพั ะพะด ะพั ะะะจะะะ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฒ ะผะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะท. ะ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะต ะฑะพะปะตะต 100 ะฟัะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัั ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธั ะผะตัะพะดะธะบ ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธั ัะพัะณะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะธะฑัะปะธ. ะ ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ ะพั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะบะพะผะผะตััะธะฐะปะฐ ะฒัะฑะตัะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะบัะตะฟะบะธะต ะธ ะฑัะดะตะผ ะฟะพััะตะฟะตะฝะฝะพ ัะตะฐะปะธะทะพะฒัะฒะฐัั.
– interestbook.ru
ะบัะฟะธัั ะดะธะฟะปะพะผ ะบะฐะฝะดะธะดะฐัะฐ ะฝะฐัะบ diplomvash.ru .
ะะพะถะตัะต ะบัะฟะธัั ะณะฐะฝัะตะปัะฝัะต ะณัะธัั ะฝะฐ https://grify-dlya-gantely.ru/ ะฟะพ ะฝะธะทะบะธะผ ัะตะฝะฐะผะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพะน ะดะปะธะฝั. ะ ะฒัะฟััะบะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทััััั ะฒััะพะบะพะบะปะฐััะฝัะต ะผะฐัะบะธ ััะฐะปะธ. ะะพะผะฟะปะตะบััััะธะต ะดะปั ะณะฐะฝัะตะปะตะน ัะพะทะดะฐัััั ะฒ ััะตั ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะดะธะฐะผะตััะฐั . ะััะณะพัะตะฝะธั ัะฐะทัะฐะฑะพัะฐะฝั ะดะปั ัะธะปะพะฒัั ะทะฐะฝััะธะน ะธ ัะพะทะดะฐะฝั ั ัะฐะทะผะตัะบะพะน ะธ ัะธัะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ั ะฒะฐัะฐ. ะะทะดะตะปะธั ะฟะพะบััะฒะฐัััั ะฟัะตะดะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ัะปะพะตะผ ั ัะพะผะฐ. ะัะตัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ัะธัะผะฐ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะฒะฝััะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะฐััะพััะธะผะตะฝั ััะตะฝะธัะพะฒะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะปั ะดะพะผะฐ ะธ ะทะฐะปะฐ. ะญัะพ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝัะน ะธะฝะฒะตะฝัะฐัั ะดะปั ัะธะปะพะฒัั ะทะฐะฝััะธะน ะฒ ะปัะฑัั ััะปะพะฒะธัั .
ะัะตัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ะทะฐะฒะพะด ัะตะฐะปะธะทัะตั ะณะฐะฝัะตะปะธ ะฝะฐ razbornye-ganteli.ru ะฟะพ ะฝะธะทะบะธะผ ัะตะฝะฐะผ. ะะปั ะทะฐะฝััะธะน ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต – ััะพ ัะฐะผัะน ัะดะพะฑะฝัะน ะฝะฐะฑะพั ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะบัะฝัะผะธ ัะฐะทะผะตัะฐะผะธ ะธ ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ััะฝะบัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพัััั. ะัะพะดะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟะพะปะฝะพะผ ะฝะฐะฑะพัะต ั ัะฐะนะฑะฐะผะธ ะธ ะณะฐะฝัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะณัะธัะฐะผะธ.ะฃััะถะตะปะธัะตะปะธ ัะฑะพัะฝัะต ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปััั ััะตะฝะธัะพะฒะฐัััั ั ัะฐะทะฝะพะน ะฝะฐะณััะทะบะพะน. ะัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ะฒะฝััะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะฐััะพััะธะผะตะฝั ะธะทะดะตะปะธะน ะพั ะฒะตะดััะธั ะผะฐัะพะบ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฒะพะผ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต.
https://dr-nona.ru/blog – ะะพะบัะพั ะะพะฝะฝะฐ
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“ะะตะปะพ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” โ “ะะตัะผะตั” โ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”: ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะพะฑััะฒะธะปะฐ ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะพั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ
6 ะธ 13 ะธัะฝั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐััะธะน ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ โ 1-504/24, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฟัะพะฒะตะป ะพัะตัะตะดะฝัะต, ัะตััะพะต ะธ ัะตะดัะผะพะต ะฟะพ ััะตัั, ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั, ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะพะฟัะพัั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะธ ะปะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะฒ ัะฐะผะบะฐั ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั
“ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะป ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะะพะปัะฝ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะัะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฝะพ ะดะพ 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะ 2019-ะผ ะพะฝ ะฒััะตะป ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะตะผั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะตะฝั ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ โ ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฟะธััะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะป, ัะฐััะพัะณะฐั ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัั ั ััะธะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธัะผะธ.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะะพะปัะฝ ะพัะผะตัะธะป ะฝะฐ ััะดะต, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ัะฑะตะดะธะป ะตะณะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ โ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะธ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐั ัะปะตะฝัะบะธั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะะะ ะฟะธัะฐัั ะฝะต ั ะพัะตะป, ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒััะปะธ ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ, ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ. ะะพะปะธัะธั ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ.
ะกัะฐะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตัะตะท ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะะปะตะบัะตั ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒะฐ. ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒ โ ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝัะน ะผะฐัะบะตัะพะปะพะณ, ะพะฝ ะตะผั ะฒะตัะธะป, ัะพั ะฝะต ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต. ะงัะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟัะตะดะผะตัะพะผ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะฐ ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต”, ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะฝะธั. ะ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะฝะตั 100 ะธ 700 ะตะฒัะพ, ะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะตััั ะฒะฝะพัะธะป ะฟะพ 12 ััั. ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะตะผะธ ะผะตัััะตะฒ.
ะััะตะป ะธ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั. ะะฐัะตะผ ะฒัััะฟะฐะป? “ะะฐะฒะตัะฝะพะต, ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะบัะฟะธัั ั ะพัะตะป”. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะตัะฝัะป ะตะผั 70 ััั. ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะตัะฝัะป ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” 140 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพััะธ ััะฐะทั, ัะดะตัะถะฐะฒ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั; ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต” ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพะทะถะต ัะตัะตะท “ะฒะฝััััะฝะบั”, ะฝะพ ัะดะตัะถะฐะปะธ ะบะพะผะธััะธั.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะตะผั ะณะพะฒะพัะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฒะฝะพัะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะะฑัััะฝัะปะธ, ััะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัััั ะฒ ะดะพะฒะตัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะตะนะดะตัะฐะผ ะธ ะฑัะพะบะตัะฐะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะธะณัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฑะธัะถะต. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต, ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ะผะตััะพ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ. ะะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะพะดะฝะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต 148 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน โ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 60 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” โ ะบะพะผะธััะธั ะฟัะธ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ััะตะดััะฒ.
ะะพะณะพะฒะพั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฝะต ัะธัะฐะป, ะฝะพ ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะตััั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะดะตะฝะตะณ โ ะตะต ะธ ะฝะต ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ, “ะฝะพ ั ะพัั ะฟะพะฟััะฐัััั ะฒะตัะฝััั”. ะัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั “ะบะฐะบ ะฑั ะธ ะฝะตั, ะฝะพ ะตัะปะธ ะฒะตัะฝัั ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะพ ะฑัะดะตั ั ะพัะพัะพ”.
ะ ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัะป. “ะะพะถะตั, ะผะตะฝั ะธ ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต”, -ัะตะทัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะป ัะฒะพะต ะฒััััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ััะดะต ะะพะปัะฝ.
“ะขัะตะฑัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธัั ั ััะตัะพะผ ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะฐั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะะพะผะพะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 8800 ััั. ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 2700 ััั. ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะฒััะปะฐ ะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ. ะกัะผะผะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะพัะตะฝะบั ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฝะฐะฟััะผัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฒ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธะฒะพะดะธั ัะบัะธะฝั ะฟะตัะตะฟะธัะบะธ ั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ัะผะฐัััะพะฝะต. ะกัะด ัะฐะทัััะฝัะตั, ััะพ ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะฝะพ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต ะฟัะธ ะฝะฐะดะปะตะถะฐัะตะผ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะธ.
“ะะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะฒะพัะฟัะธะฝัะป ัะบะตะฟัะธัะตัะบะธ, ะฝะพ ะฒัััะฟะธะป”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ ะะธัะตะตะฒ ะฑัะป ัะพะปัะบะพ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”. ะะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั ะปะธัะฝะพ โ ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒะฐ ะฒะธะดะตะป ะฒ ะฒะธะดะตะพัะพะปะธะบะต “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”. ะฃะทะฝะฐะป ะพ “ะะตัะผะตัะต” ะพั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะขะฐัััะฝั ะธ ะะฝะดัะตั ะะปะตะนะผะตะฝะพะฒัั , ั ะบะพัะพััะผะธ ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผ ั ะบะพะฝัะฐ 1990-ั ะณะพะดะพะฒ. ะัััะฟะธะป ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒ 2020 ะณะพะดั, ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ััะฐะทั ะพัะพะฑัะฐะทะธะปะธัั ะฝะฐ ััะตัะต. ะะฝะพัะธะป ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะตั “ะะธััะฐ” ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะผะธ ัะฐัััะผะธ, ัะฝะธะผะฐะป ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ ะดะปั ะปะธัะฝัั ะฝัะถะด. ะะฐัะฒะปัะตั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ 2 ะผะปะฝ 300 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะะพะณะดะฐ ะฟะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐะป ะดะพะณะพะฒะพั, ะฒ ะพัะธัะต ะฑัะปะฐ ัะฐะฑะปะธัะบะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะพ ะฒ ะพัะธัะต ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะปัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปั ัะธัะผั “ะะตัะผะตั”, ะตะผั ัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ััะพ ะดะฒะฐ ะฟัะพะดัะบัะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”.
ะ 2022 ะณะพะดั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ั ะฒัะฒะพะดะพะผ ััะตะดััะฒ. ะ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ัะธัะผั ะฟัะณะฐะปะพ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะบะพะน ััะตัะฐ ะฒ ัะปััะฐะต ะฟะพะดะฐัะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั. ะ ั ะตะนัะตััะบะพะผ ัะฐัะต ัะทะฝะฐะป ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน, ะฟะพะทะฒะพะฝะธะป ะธ ะฟะพะดะฐะป ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต.
ะ ัะฐัะต ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฑัะปะฐ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ััะตั ะฑัะดะตั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ ะฒ ัะปััะฐะต ะฟะพะดะฐัะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั. ะญัะฐ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฐ ะฟะพะดะฟะธััั “ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธั”. ะะฝ ัะฟัะพัะธะป ั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะพะฒ: “ะัะพ ััะพ โ ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธั?”, ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะป ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะฒ ัะฐัะต, ะธ ะตะณะพ ะทะฐะฑะฐะฝะธะปะธ. ะััะณะธั ะฟะพะฟััะพะบ ะฒัััะฟะฐัั ะฒ ะดะธะฐะปะพะณ ั “ะะตัะผะตัะพะผ” ะฝะต ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐะป.
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ ะงะตัะฝััะตะฝะบะพ ะฑัะป ัะฐะบะถะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั”. ะะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธะปัั ั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐะผะธ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ัะพะฒะผะตััะฝะพะน ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒ “ะะฐะบะดะพะฝะฐะปะดัะต”. ะะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ “ะะตัะผะตัะต” ะฒะพัะฟัะธะฝัะป ัะบะตะฟัะธัะตัะบะธ โ “ััะพ ะบะฐะบะพะน-ัะพ ะพะฑะผะฐะฝ”, ะฝะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัั ะตะณะพ ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะบะพะฝัะพะฒ ัะณะพะฒะพัะธะปะธ. ะะฝะธ ะฟะพััะฐะฒะธะปะธ ััะปะพะฒะธะต, ััะพ ะฟัะพะดะฐะดัั ะตะผั ะทะตะผะตะปัะฝัะน ััะฐััะพะบ, ััะพะฑั ะพะฝ ะฒัััะฟะธะป ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตั”.
“ะฏ ั ะพัะตะป ะธั ะพะฑะผะฐะฝััั, โ ะฟะพััะฝะธะป ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั, โ ะดัะผะฐะป: ะฟัััั ะพะฝะธ ะฟัะพะดะฐะดัั, ะฐ ั ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฝะต ะฒัััะฟะปั. ะะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธ ัะณะพะฒะฐัะธะฒะฐัั, ะธ ั ะฒัััะฟะธะป ะฒ ะฐะฟัะตะปะต 2020 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะดะฐะป ัะฐัะฟะธัะบั ะฝะฐ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะธะต ะดะตะฝะตะณ ะฝะฐ ััะตั ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต”, ั ะฒะฝะตั ัะตัะตะท ะฝะตะณะพ 230 ััั. ะ ะตัะต ัะฐะท ะธะท ะถะฐะดะฝะพััะธ 140 ััั. 140 ััั. ั ะฒัะฒะตะป, ะฟะปัั ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะตััั ะฒัะฒะพะดะธะป ะฟะพ 5000โ7000 ััะฑ. ะก ะบะฐะบะพะณะพ-ัะพ ะผะพะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฟัะพัะตะฝัั ััะฐะปะธ ะฟะฐะดะฐัั. ะ ะบะพะฝัะต ั ะทะฐั ะพัะตะป ะฒัะนัะธ โ ะฝะพ ะฝะต ััะฟะตะป. ะฃ ะผะตะฝั ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต” ะพััะฐะปะพัั 270 ััั., ะบะพัะพััะต ั ััะตะฑัั ะฒะตัะฝััั”.
ะ ัะฝะฒะฐัะต 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ ะงะตัะฝััะตะฝะบะพ ะฟะพะดะฐะป ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฟะพะปะธัะธั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะธะปัั ะดะพัััะฟ ะบ ััะตัั. “ะะฝะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะปะธ 70 ััั. ะฒะตัะฝััั, ััะพะฑั ั ะฝะต ั ะพะดะธะป ะฒ ะฟะพะปะธัะธั, ัััะปะฐััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฟะพะผะพะณะปะธ ะผะฝะต ะฟัะพะดะฐัั ััะฐััะพะบ ะทะฐ ะผะตะฝัััั ััะผะผั ะฟะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะผ, ัะตะผ ั ะตะณะพ ะฟัะพะดะฐะป ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต, ะฝะพ ั ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั, ัะบะฐะทะฐะป, ััะพ ะผะฝะต ะฝะฐะดะพ 270 ััั.”.
“ะฏ ั ะพัั ััะฐัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน. ะะพ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัะฝั ะทะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั”
ะกะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะะฐะปะฐัะตะฝะบะพะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”. ะะท ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะทะฝะฐะตั ะะธะบัะพัะฐ ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธัะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. ะะฝะฐ ัะธะดะตะปะฐ ะฒ ะทะฐะปะต ะฟัะธ ะดะพะฟัะพัะต ะดะฒัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั (ััะพ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะตะฝะพ), ะฝะพ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ะฟะปะพั ะพ ัะปััะธั. ะ ะฐะฝะตะต ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะฐ ั ะะตัะพะน ะัะฐะตะฒะพะน ะธะท ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”.
ะะตัะฐ ัะทะฝะฐะปะฐ, ััะพ ั ะฝะตะต ะตััั ะพัะธั, ะธ ะฟะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธะปะฐ ั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะพะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะบะพัะพััะน ัะฝัะป ั ะฝะตะต ะพัะธั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะปะฐ ัะฐัะบัััะธะฒะฐัััั. ะะฝ ัะฝะธะผะฐะป ะพัะธั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะทะฐ ะบะพะผะผัะฝะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะธ. “ะฏ ะฟะพะฟัะพัะธะปะฐ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธัััั ะทะฐ ัะตัััะต ะผะตัััะฐ, ะฐ ะพะฝ ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะป ะผะฝะต ะฒะผะตััะพ ะดะตะฝะตะณ ะฒัััะฟะธัั ะฒ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฝะพ ั ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ”. ะะฐัะพ ััะฐะปะฐ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”: “ะะฝะตัะปะฐ 15 ััั. ะตะฒัะพ, ะฝะพ ัะตัะตะท ััะธ ะผะตัััะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะต ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั 3400 ะตะฒัะพ!” ะัะฐะตะฒะฐ, ะฟะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ ะะฐะปะฐัะตะฝะบะพะฒะพะน, ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตะน.
ะะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ ะะฐะปะฐัะตะฝะบะพะฒะพะน, ะพะฝะฐ ะฒะฝะตัะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะตั “ะะธััะฐ” ะฑะพะปะตะต 3 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน. “ะะพะณะดะฐ ัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ััะตัะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ, ัะพ ัะพะฑัะฐะปะธ ั ะฝะฐั ะตัะต ะดะตะฝะตะณ, ััะพะฑั ััะตัะฐ ัะฐะทะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐัั, ะฟะพัะพะผ ะฟัะธัะปะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธะต, ััะพ ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตััั ะฝะพะฒะฐั ัะธัะผะฐ, ะฝะพ ััะพ ะฒัะต ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั ะพะฑะผะฐะฝะพะผ โ ััะตัะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะทะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั”.
“ะฏ ะฝะต ััะธัะฐะปะฐ ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะปะฐ, ััะพ ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะดะตะปะฐัั, โ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ ะะฐะปะฐัะตะฝะบะพะฒะฐ. โ ะกะตะนัะฐั ะถะตะปะฐั ะทะฐัะฒะธัั, ััะพ ั ั ะพัั ััะฐัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน. ะกัะธัะฐั, ััะพ ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะบะฐะบ ะฟััะผะพะน ััะตัะฑ, ัะฐะบ ะธ ัะฟััะตะฝะฝัั ะฒัะณะพะดั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ััะฐ ัะธัะผะฐ ะทะฐะบััะปะฐัั”.
ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ, ััะพ “ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะผะพะปะพะดะตั, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ั ะฒะธะดะตะปะฐ ะปัะดะตะน, ะบะพัะพััะต ะบัะฟะธะปะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะพะฝะธ ะฑัะปะธ ะตะผั ะพัะตะฝั ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัะฝั”.
https://Dr-Nona.ru – Dr. nonna
The worldโs most liveable cities for 2024
ะณะตะน ะฟะพัะฝะพ
Itโs considered among the most beautiful cities in the world to visit, and it seems that Vienna may also be an unbeatable place to live.
The Austrian city has been crowned the most liveable city in the world yet again in the annual list from the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), which was released today.
The EIU, a sister organization to The Economist, ranked 173 cities across the globe on a number of significant factors, including health care, culture and environment, stability, infrastructure and education.
Vienna topped the list for the third consecutive year, receiving โperfectโ scores in four out of five of the categories โ the city was marked lower for culture and environment due to an apparent lack of significant sporting events.
Just behind the Austrian capital, Denmarkโs Copenhagen retained its second place position, while Switzerlandโs Zurich moved up from sixth place to third on the list.
Australiaโs Melbourne fell from third to fourth place, while Canadian city Calgary tied for fifth place with Swiss city Geneva.
Canadaโs Vancouver and Australiaโs Sydney were in joint seventh place, and Japanโs Osaka and New Zealandโs Auckland rounded out the top 10 in joint ninth place.
The worldโs most liveable cities for 2024
ะฟะพัะฝะพ ัะตะบั ะถะตััะพะบ
Itโs considered among the most beautiful cities in the world to visit, and it seems that Vienna may also be an unbeatable place to live.
The Austrian city has been crowned the most liveable city in the world yet again in the annual list from the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), which was released today.
The EIU, a sister organization to The Economist, ranked 173 cities across the globe on a number of significant factors, including health care, culture and environment, stability, infrastructure and education.
Vienna topped the list for the third consecutive year, receiving โperfectโ scores in four out of five of the categories โ the city was marked lower for culture and environment due to an apparent lack of significant sporting events.
Just behind the Austrian capital, Denmarkโs Copenhagen retained its second place position, while Switzerlandโs Zurich moved up from sixth place to third on the list.
Australiaโs Melbourne fell from third to fourth place, while Canadian city Calgary tied for fifth place with Swiss city Geneva.
Canadaโs Vancouver and Australiaโs Sydney were in joint seventh place, and Japanโs Osaka and New Zealandโs Auckland rounded out the top 10 in joint ninth place.
ะะะฉะะกะขะะ ยซะขัะฐะฝั ะะฝะฒะตััยป – ัะปะพะถะฝะฐั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะผัะปััะธะผะพะดะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบั ะณััะทะพะฒ ัะธัะปะพะผ ะ ะพััะธะธ c 2012 ะณะพะดะฐ
https://ticargo.ru/
ะะฑัะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐะดะตะปะพะฒ ัะตัะตะท ะพะฑัะตััะฒะต ะะะะ. ะัะพะฒะพะดะธะผ ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฐะณัะฐัะฝัั ััะฐััะบะพะฒ. ะฏะะซะ ะฝะฐั ั ะพัั ะพะฑะตัะฐัั ะฟะตัะตัะฐัะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะดะปัะฝะฝัะน ะผะธั ะธ ะทะตะผะปัะฝัั ะฟะปะพัะฐะดะตะน, ััะพ-ััะพ ัะพะถะต ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธะต ััะฐััะบะพะฒ ะฒ ะกะะข.
https://bion-online.ru/
[url=https://gadalika.ru/]ะฏ ะกะตัะฐัะธะผะฐ. ะะฝะฐััะธะต ะผะตะฝั ะปัะดะธ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ะณะฐะดะฐะปะบะพะน. ะะตะดั ะฑะตะท ะณะฐะดะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะธ ะฝะต ะพะฑั ะพะดะธััั ะฝะธ ะปะธัะฝัะน, ะฝะธ ะดะธััะฐะฝัะธะพะฝะฝัะน ะฟัะธะตะผ. ะฏ ะณะฐะดะฐั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะต ะฑัะดััะตะต, ััะดัะฑั, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั, ะฝะฐ ะปัะฑะพะฒั, ะฝะฐ ะผัะถัะธะฝั, ะฝะฐ ัะพะถะดะตะฝะธะต ะดะตัะพะบ. ะัะตะดัะบะฐะถั, ะบะฐะบ ัะปะพะถะธััั ัะธััะฐัะธั ะธ ัะบะฐะถั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะน ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ะธัั ะพะด. ะะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะณะฐะดะฐะฝะธั ะณะพะฒะพัั ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒะธะถั, ะฝะต ะฟัะธะดัะผัะฒะฐั, ะณะพะฒะพัั ะบะฐะบ ะตััั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต. ะะฐะฟะธัะธัะต ะผะฝะต, ะตัะปะธ ะธัะธัะต ะฟัะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัั ะณะฐะดะฐะปะบั ั ะพัะทัะฒะฐะผะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน.
[/url]
https://gadalke.ru/ – ะะตะฝั ะทะพะฒัั ะะฐัะธั ะกัะตะฟะฐะฝะพะฒะฝะฐ, ั ะฟะพัะพะผััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ััะฝะพะฒะธะดััะฐั, ะฟัะตะดัะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะธัะฐ ะธ ะทะฝะฐั, ะทะฐัะตะผ ะฒั ะทะดะตัั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝะฐ, ะฒั ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ะพัะฒะตั ะธ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฝะฐ ะผะพะตะผ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะฐะถะดัะน ะดะตะฝั ัะพัะฝะธ ะปัะดะตะน ัะพ ัะปะพะถะฝัะผะธ ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐะผะธ ะฟััะฐัััั ะพัััะบะฐัั ะพัะฒะตั ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะณะดะต ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐััะพัััั ั ะพัะพััั ะณะฐะดะฐะปะบั ั ะพัะทัะฒะฐะผะธ, ะฟัะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัั ะผะฝะพะณะธะผะธ ะปัะดัะผะธ. ะะฐะดะฐะปะบั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ัะตะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั. ะะพ-ัะฐะทะฝะพะผั ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ะฝะฐั: ััะฝะพะฒะธะดััะฐั, ะผะฐะณ, ัะบัััะตัะตะฝั ะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะฒะตะดัะผะพะน ะฝะฐะทะพะฒัั ะฝะตัะฒะตะดััะธะต. ะฏ ะฝะต ะพะฑะธะถะฐััั. ะะตะดั ะฒัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ััะพ: ะะฐั, ะดะฐะฝะฝัะน ะะพะณะพะผ. ะจะฐัะปะฐัะฐะฝะพะฒ, ะฒัะดะฐััะธั ัะตะฑั ะทะฐ ะณะฐะดะฐะปะพะบ ัะตะฟะตัั ะผะฝะพะณะพ ััะฐะปะพ. ะะฐ ะธ ะณะฐะดะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะต ัะปะพะถะฝะฐั ะฝะฐัะบะฐ, ะฝะฐััะธัััั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพะผ ัะฟะพัััะฒะต ะธ ัััะดะต. ะกะตะนัะฐั ะบัะพ ะฝะฐ ัะตะผ ะณะฐะดะฐะตั, ะบัะพ ะฝะฐ ัะฐัะพ, ะบัะพ ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะตะนะฝะพะน ะณััะต, ะฝะฐ ััะฝะฐั ะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพัะบะต. ะะฐะดะฐัั, ะดะฐ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐัั. ะะพัะพะผั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะฟะพ ะบัะพะฒะธ ะดะฐะฝะพ, ะฐ ัะตัะตะท ัะผ ะฒะพัะปะพ. ะ ะทะฝะฐัั, ะฝะธ ะฟะพััั ัะฝััั, ะฝะธ ะผัะถะฐ ะฒะตัะฝััั ะฝะต ััะผะตัั โ ะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพะณั!
ะ ัััะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะด ะธ ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝะพะฒ 31 ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝั ัะปะตะดัััะธะต ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐััะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะธะปะธ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตััะฒะฐ.
ะผะฐะปััะธะบ ะณะตะน
Etihad Rail (etihadrail-ae.com)
Club Unite To Live, Life Is Good, Unite To Live (uniteto.live). ะะพะฒัะน ะดะพะผะตะฝ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะฝะฐั ะพะดััะตะณะพัั ะฒ ัะพะทััะบะต ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ.
TopBoom, ยซะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐ ั ะตะดะถ-ัะพะฝะดะฐ, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะณะพัั ะฝะฐ ัะดะตะปะบะฐั ั ะพะฑัะฐัะฝัะผ ะธัั ะพะดะพะผ ัะฟะพััะธะฒะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะฑััะธัยป (topboom.vip, t.me/TopBoom001)
Change Team, ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธะบะธ ัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ัะตะบะฒะธะทะธัั ััะถะพะณะพ ััะปะธัะฐ ะะะ ยซะะขะขะะก ะะ ะฃะะยป (ะะ ะะ 1207700314128, ะะะ 9702022065), ัะตะปะตะณัะฐะผ-ะบะฐะฝะฐะป ยซChange Team: ะะปะฐะฒะฝัะน ะะฐะฝะฐะปยป (change-team.ru). ะคะฐะปััะธะฒัะน ะพะฑะผะตะฝะฝะธะบ ัะฐะฝััะต ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะปัั C Exchange.
ะัั ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝั:
Scam! ะงััะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะด ะธ ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะทัะฒั
ะ ัััะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะด ะธ ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝะพะฒ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะธะผะตััะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะฟะพ ะบะปะฐััะธัะธะบะฐัะธะธ ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ; ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐััะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ะผะฐััะธัะฝะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั (ะผะฐััะพะฒัะน ะฟัะธะฒะพะด ะดััะทะตะน, ยซััะพะปัยป); ัะฑะพัั ะดะตะฝะตะณ ั ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพัะธั ะฝะตะทะฐัะธััะฝะฝัั ัะปะพัะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะปะตะฝะธั; ั ะฐะนะฟั; ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะธะผะตััะธะต ะฝะตะณะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ะพัะทัะฒั; ััััะบัััั, ะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐััะธะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะต ััะปัะณะธ ะฑะตะท ะปะธัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะธ ะฟัะพัะธะต ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝั ะทะฐ ะธัะบะปััะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฟัะตะฒะดะพะฑัะพะบะตัะพะฒ, ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ (ั ะฝะธะผะธ ัะพะถะต ะฝะต ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตะผ ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐัััั) ะธ ะฝะตะบะพัะพััั ะดััะณะธั ะบะฐัะตะณะพัะธะน.
ะ ัััะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะด ะธ ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝะพะฒ 31 ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝั ัะปะตะดัััะธะต ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐััะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะธะปะธ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตััะฒะฐ.
ะผะฐะปััะธะบ ะณะตะน
Etihad Rail (etihadrail-ae.com)
Club Unite To Live, Life Is Good, Unite To Live (uniteto.live). ะะพะฒัะน ะดะพะผะตะฝ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะฝะฐั ะพะดััะตะณะพัั ะฒ ัะพะทััะบะต ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ.
TopBoom, ยซะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐ ั ะตะดะถ-ัะพะฝะดะฐ, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะณะพัั ะฝะฐ ัะดะตะปะบะฐั ั ะพะฑัะฐัะฝัะผ ะธัั ะพะดะพะผ ัะฟะพััะธะฒะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะฑััะธัยป (topboom.vip, t.me/TopBoom001)
Change Team, ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธะบะธ ัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ัะตะบะฒะธะทะธัั ััะถะพะณะพ ััะปะธัะฐ ะะะ ยซะะขะขะะก ะะ ะฃะะยป (ะะ ะะ 1207700314128, ะะะ 9702022065), ัะตะปะตะณัะฐะผ-ะบะฐะฝะฐะป ยซChange Team: ะะปะฐะฒะฝัะน ะะฐะฝะฐะปยป (change-team.ru). ะคะฐะปััะธะฒัะน ะพะฑะผะตะฝะฝะธะบ ัะฐะฝััะต ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะปัั C Exchange.
ะัั ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝั:
Scam! ะงััะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะด ะธ ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะทัะฒั
ะ ัััะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะด ะธ ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝะพะฒ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะธะผะตััะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะฟะพ ะบะปะฐััะธัะธะบะฐัะธะธ ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ; ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐััะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ะผะฐััะธัะฝะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั (ะผะฐััะพะฒัะน ะฟัะธะฒะพะด ะดััะทะตะน, ยซััะพะปัยป); ัะฑะพัั ะดะตะฝะตะณ ั ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพัะธั ะฝะตะทะฐัะธััะฝะฝัั ัะปะพัะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะปะตะฝะธั; ั ะฐะนะฟั; ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะธะผะตััะธะต ะฝะตะณะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ะพัะทัะฒั; ััััะบัััั, ะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐััะธะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะต ััะปัะณะธ ะฑะตะท ะปะธัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะธ ะฟัะพัะธะต ะปะพั ะพััะพะฝั ะทะฐ ะธัะบะปััะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฟัะตะฒะดะพะฑัะพะบะตัะพะฒ, ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ (ั ะฝะธะผะธ ัะพะถะต ะฝะต ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตะผ ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐัััั) ะธ ะฝะตะบะพัะพััั ะดััะณะธั ะบะฐัะตะณะพัะธะน.
ะะฒะพะฝ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ
ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด
ะะพะทะดัะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ะฒะฐั, ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะธะฝ ะผะธะฝะธััั, ัะพะฒัะฐะผัะธ!
ะััััะฟะฐั ะฟัะพัะปะพะน ะพัะตะฝัั ะฒ ะกะพะฒะตัะต ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ, ะผะธะฝะธััั ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะป, ะพ ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะพะฑะตัะฐะป ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดั ััะฑะปะตะน ััะตัะฑะฐ ะธ ะดะตัััะบะธ ััััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั . ะัะตัั-ัะปัะถะฑะฐ ะะะ ะฟะพะด ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพะผ ะตะณะพ ะฑะพะตะฒะพะน ะฟะพะดััะณะธ ะัะธะฝั ะะพะปะบ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฒัะบัััะฐ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะตะน ะฒ ะธััะพัะธะธ ะ ะพััะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต, ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ, ะฒะตัะฝะตะต ัะบะฐะทะฐัั, ะธะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต ะฝะฐัะฐะป ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน ััะตัะฑะฐ ะธ 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ: ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะพะฒ ะธ ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั .
ะะธะฝะธััั ะธ ะตะณะพ ะะพะปะบ ะฟัะฑะปะธัะฝะพ ัะพะปะณะฐะปะธ โ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ, ะฟะตัะตะดะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะผ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒัะผ, ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะดะฐะถะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธะฒัะตะน ะกะ ะตะณะพ ะทะฐะผะตััะธัะตะปัะฝะธัะตะน ะผะฐะนะพัะพะผ, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผ, ัะพััััะฟะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะพะฟะตัะพะผ ะฃะญะะธะะ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ ะผะฐะนะพัะพะผ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ ะ.ะฎ. ะะฐัะตะฒัะบะธะผ, ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะฟัััะธัะตะปัััะฒะต (ะธะปะธ ัะพััะฐััะธะธ?) ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ะะตะณัะพะทะพะฒะฐ ะธ ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ัะตะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะผะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะะพั ะผัะฝะธะฝะฐ. ะะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ ะธ ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ ั ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ะฟััะพะณะพ-ัะตััะพะณะพ ััะพะฒะฝั ะธะตัะฐัั ะธะธ ะะะ ะฒะธะปัะตั ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปะพะผ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ ะ ะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ, ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝัะผ ัะปะตะฝะพะผ ะกะพะฒะตัะฐ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ััะพ ะฟะพะทะพั ะดะปั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ.
ะขะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผัะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะต ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะฒัะธะต
ะะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะฝะฐ ััะดะต ะทะฐัะฒะปััั ััะผะผั ะพะบะพะปะพ 1โ2 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฒัััะฝัะตััั, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะพ, ะฟะพะปััะฐะปะธ ะฝะตะผะฐะปัะน ะดะพั ะพะด, ะฟัะธัะตะผ, ะพะฝะธ ะตัะต ะธ ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต/ะฒะฐะปััะฝัะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ััะพั ะดะพั ะพะด ะฝะต ะดะตะบะปะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ. ะกัะตะดะธ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะตััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต, ะทะฐัะฒะปัััะธะต ัะผะตั ะพัะฒะพัะฝัะต ััะผะผั ะฒ 50โ70 ััั., ัะพ ะตััั ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะพ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะฐะบัััะธะฒะฐะปะพัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ. ะ ะดะฐะถะต ั ััะธะผ ะฝะฐะบัััะธะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ัะดะฐะปะพัั ะฝะฐะฑัะฐัั ัะฐะบ ะผะฐะปะพ โ ััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะฟะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะถะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ะฑะพะปะตะต 200 ััั. ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะพะบะพะปะพ 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ.
ะขะพ ะตััั ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ััะธั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน.
ะกัะดั ะฟะพ ัััััะฐะผ ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะน ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธะผ ะฒะพะปะฝะฐะผ ะผะธัะธะฝะณะพะฒ, ะฟัะพะบะฐัะธะฒัะธั ัั ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะพะฝะธ ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป.
ะะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะทะฐะฒะตัะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฟะธัะตััะบะธะผ ะฃะญะะธะะ ัะธัะฐะดะผะธะฝ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ ะธ ัะฐะทะณัะพะผะธะป ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ััั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั, ะฟะพะฒะตัะธะฒ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต ะดะธัะบะปะตะนะผะตั: ยซะะฑัะฐัะฐะนัะตัั ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝัยป, ััะพ ะฝะฐ ะผะตัััั ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะธะปะพ ะฒัะฒะพะด ััะตะดััะฒ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะดะพ ะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ะทะฐัััะดะฝะธะปะธ ะฒัะฒะพะด ััะตะดััะฒ. ะะตะปะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะดะปั ะฒัะฒะพะดะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ ะผะฝะพะณะธะผะธ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะปัั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ p2p, ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัััะธะน ะฝะต ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะบะพะผะธััะธั, ัะพ ะตััั ะดะปั ะฒัะฒะพะดะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ ะฝัะถะฝะพ, ััะพะฑั ะบัะพ-ัะพ ะฒะฝะพัะธะป ััะตะดััะฒะฐ (ััะพ, ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ัะตะทะบะพ ัะพะบัะฐัะธะปะพัั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ) ะธ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธะป ะพะฑะผะตะฝ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ััะพั ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฝะต ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน, ะฒัะฒะพะด ััะตะดััะฒ ัะฐะบ ะธะปะธ ะธะฝะฐัะต ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะตััั.
ะขััััะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพั ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฒะพัะฟัะตะฟััััะฒะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ ะดะฒัั ะปะตัะฝะตะณะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ะตะณะพ ััะตัะพะฒ, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะพะบะพะปะพ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ ะฟะพ ะฟัะตะถะฝะตะน ัะตะฝะต.
ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฟััะผะพ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะตัะธะฒัะธะผ ะทะฐะฑัะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ะฟะฐะน, โ ะดะฐะถะต ะฟะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะปะธััะฐะผ ััะดะพะฒ. ะ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐะฝะตัะตะฝ ะบะพะปะพััะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ โ ะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน, ะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัะน, ะบะพัะพััะน ะพะฝะธ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝั ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ.
ยซะกะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธยป-ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝั ัะธะดะตัั ะฒ ััััะผะต
ะะตััะผะฐ ัะบัะพะผะฝัะน ัะตะทัะปััะฐั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะะะ ะฑัะป ะดะพััะธะณะฝัั ะพัะบัะพะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝัะผ ะฟััะตะผ.
1. ะะตะบะพัะพััะต ะธะท ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฑัะปะธ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝั ััะดะฐะผะธ. 1 ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะฟัะพัะปะพะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผ, ะฝะฐัััะฐััะธะผ ะฃะะ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะน ะพัะบะฐะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะธ ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ.ะัะธ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต ะฒัััะฝะธะปะพัั, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ, ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธะผะฐั ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒัะผ, ะฐ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ โ ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน, ะฟะพะดะดะตะปะฐะปะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั. ะะฒัะพั ะฟะพะดะดะตะปะบะธ โ ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะฐ โ ะตัะต ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต ะฑัะปะฐ ัะฒะพะปะตะฝะฐ ะธะท ะะกะฃ ยซะฟะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธัยป.
ะฃะปะธัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะธ ะฃะะ, ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ัะพััะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ะฟะธััะผะพ ะพะฑ ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธะธ ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะทะฐะดะฝะธะผ ัะธัะปะพะผ ะธ ะฟะพะฟััะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะดะตะปะพ ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฟะพ ัะฒะพะตะน ะฒะธะฝะต. ะะพะถั ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะธััะตะผั ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะพะฑะพัะพัะฐ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ.
2. ะะพะดะดะตะปะบะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ัะพะบัััะธั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตััะตะทะฝะพะณะพ: ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะณััะฑะพ ะฝะฐัััะธะปะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฑะตะท ััะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธั ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ััะฟะตะปะฐ ะทะฐ 30 ัััะพะบ ะดะพ ะธััะตัะตะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะพะบะฐ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ัะตัะฒะตััั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ โะฐ ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะธะผ ััะพะบะฐ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ัะฒััะต ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะฟะตัะบะธ ะดะฐะถะต ัะพะปะบะพะผ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณะปะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฒะตะปะฐ ะฟะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ยซัะตะทะตัะฒะฝะพะผัยป ะดะตะปั, ะฝะพ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต, ะพัะฑัะพัะธะฒ ัััะด, ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะพััััััะฒะธั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐ ะดะปั ัะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ยซะฝัะถะฝะพะณะพยป ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะปะฐ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ยซะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะณะพยป ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะฃะะ, ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝั ะฟะพัะปะต ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ. ะัะต ััะธ ัั ะธััะตะฝะธั ะฑัะปะธ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผั ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะธ ะฒ ะบะพะตะผ ัะปััะฐะต ะฝะต ะฒัะฟััะบะฐัั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐัั ะดะตัะถะฐัั ะธั ะฒ ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะฐั .
3. ะะต-ัะฐะบัะพ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะตะพััะถะดะตะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน โ ัะตัะฒะตัะพ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ัะถะต ะฒัะพัะพะน ะณะพะด ัะธะดัั ะฒ ััััะผะต. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะฐะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัััั ัะฒะฝะพ ะฝะธ ะฒ ัะตะผ ะฝะตะฟะพะฒะธะฝะฝัะต ะปัะดะธ โ ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป: ะดะฐะถะต ะตัะปะธ ะฟัะตะดะฟะพะปะพะถะธัั, ััะพ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐ โ ััะพ ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณะฐะตััั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะพะพะฑัะฐัั ััะดั, ััะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ั ะพัะพัะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ, ะพะฝะธ ะฑัะปะธ ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝั ะฟะพะปััะฐะตะผัะผ ะดะพั ะพะดะพะผ, ะธ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะฟะพัะปะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัะพััะธะนัะบะฐั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะฐั ัะธััะตะผะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฑัะปะฐ ะพะฑัััะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตัะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะตะน ะฟะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะธะผ ัะธัะฐะดะผะธะฝะพะผ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ. ะัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะต โ ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป ะธ ะฝะธ ะบ ะบะฐะบะธะผ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝัะตัะบะธะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธัะผ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะฝะธะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะปะธ. ะั ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฒ ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะธ ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะพะฝะธ ะดะฐะปะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ.
4. ะัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต โ ะทะฐะฒะตะดะพะผะพ ะฟะพะดะปะพะถะฝะพะต ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ ะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะฐ ะฝะฐ 16 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ัะพะณะดะฐ ะบะฐะบ ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต โ282 ะผะปะฝ, ะธ ะฒ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะตั ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธัะบะพะฒะพะณะพ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั โ ะดะฐะถะต ะฝะฐ 100 ััะฑะปะตะน.
5. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ััะธะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะปะพ ะดะฒัั ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ััะตัะฑะต ะฝะฐ ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะด (!) ััะฑะปะตะน ะบะฐะถะดะพะต โ ะธัะบะปััะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะดะปั ะปะพะถะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะพ ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะธััะพะถะฝัะต ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตั ัะปััะฐัั , ะฝะต ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัั ั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ ัะผะตััะธ, ะฟัะธััะถะดะฐะตััั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะผะธ ััะดะฐะผะธ ะฒ ัะฐะทะผะตัะต ะฝะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ััะฑะปะตะน.
6. ะะธ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะฝะต ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐะป ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพััั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฒ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะผ ััะดะต. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะฐ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒั ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะบัั ะถะต ััะผะผั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ััะพ ะธะฝะพะต, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะฟััะบะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฟัะธ ััะฐััะธะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะฝะตะบะพะน ะทะฐะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟะพะน ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป โ ะฝะตะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะธะท ัะธัะปะฐ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป, ัะพ ะตััั ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะฝะพะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะฟะพัะฝะพ ะธะณะฝะพัะธััะตั ะะฃะกะ ะะะ.
ะะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ ะดะปั ัะฐะบะพะณะพ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะฐ ะตััั โ ััะพ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ ะฟะพะด ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะคะตะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ-ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะฝะดะฐ ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฟัะฐะฒ ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฐะบัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ. ะะพะฝััะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะฝะต ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะธะฒะฐัััั ะฐะบัะธะฒะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั : ััะพะณะพ ะฝะตะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝะพ ะดะปั ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธั ะฐะฟะฟะตัะธัะพะฒ ัะตั , ะบัะพ ััะพะธั ะทะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝัะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะดะตะปะพะผ. ะ ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะพะดะฝะพ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะต ะปะธัะพ โ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟััะฐัััั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัั ะบ ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะทะฐ ะดััะณะพะต โ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ยซะะตัะผะตัยป: ะฐะบัะธะฒั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป โ ะทะฐ ััะฑะตะถะพะผ.
7. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต, ะฐ ัะตะฟะตัั ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ัะพะฒะตััะฐัั ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต: ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ัะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐััั ะธั ะฒะตัะฝััั, ัะพ ะตััั ัะพะฒะตััะฐัั ั ะธัะตะฝะธะต.
ะะธะฝะธััั, ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัะตะผัะน ะผะฐัะธะตะน
ะัะฐะบ, ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ ะฟัะฑะปะธัะฝะพ ัะพะปะณะฐะป ะกะพะฒะตัั ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ, ะฒัะดัะผะฐะฒ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั, ะฒัะดัะผะฐะฒ ะผะฝะพะณะพะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะธ ะดะตัััะบะธ ััััั ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะฒัะธั , ะพะฝ โ ะฝะตะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะฝัะน ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั, ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฒะตะดะพะผัะน ัะฒะพะตะน ะบะฐะผะฐัะธะปัะตะน, ัััะตะผััะตะนัั ัะพะทะดะฐะฒะฐัั ะณัะพะผะบะธะต ะฟะธะฐั-ะธััะพัะธะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัััะพะผ ะผะตััะต ะธ ั ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะฒัะณะพะดะพะน ะดะปั ัะตะฑั. ะะฝ ะฒัะทะฒะฐะป ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะธ ัะปะตะฝะพะฒ ะธั ัะตะผะตะน โ ะฒ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะฒะพะตะผ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะตะน ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝัั ัะปะพะตะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะปะตะฝะธั, ะฝะฐ ะณะพะดั ะปะธัะตะฝะฝัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะฐะผะธ ะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะพะฝะธ ัะพะฑัะฐะปะธ ััะตะดััะฒะฐ, โ ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ. ะะธะฝะธััั ะฒัะตะดะธั ะฒ ััะปั ัะตะผ, ะบัะพ ะทะฐัะธัะฐะตั ัััะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต.
ะะปะฐะฒะฐ ะะะ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะพะด ะฒะปะธัะฝะธะตะผ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะบะพะฝััะพะปะตะผ ะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ััะฐะฒัะตะน ะฟัะธััะตะน ะฒะพ ัะทััะตั ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะน ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะพะน ะผะฐัะธะธ. ะะธะบะฒะธะดะฐัะธั ััะพะน ะผะฐัะธะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะฐัะธั ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะน, ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะฝะพะน, ะฒัะตะดััะตะน ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ-ะฟะพะปะธัะธัะตัะบะพะน ััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพััะธ ัะธััะตะผั ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะะะ, ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฒะฐะถะฝะตะนัะตะน ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะทะฐะดะฐัะตะน.
ะะฒะพะฝ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ
ะะตัะผะตั
ะะพะทะดัะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ะฒะฐั, ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะธะฝ ะผะธะฝะธััั, ัะพะฒัะฐะผัะธ!
ะััััะฟะฐั ะฟัะพัะปะพะน ะพัะตะฝัั ะฒ ะกะพะฒะตัะต ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ, ะผะธะฝะธััั ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะป, ะพ ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะพะฑะตัะฐะป ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดั ััะฑะปะตะน ััะตัะฑะฐ ะธ ะดะตัััะบะธ ััััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั . ะัะตัั-ัะปัะถะฑะฐ ะะะ ะฟะพะด ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพะผ ะตะณะพ ะฑะพะตะฒะพะน ะฟะพะดััะณะธ ะัะธะฝั ะะพะปะบ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฒัะบัััะฐ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะตะน ะฒ ะธััะพัะธะธ ะ ะพััะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต, ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ, ะฒะตัะฝะตะต ัะบะฐะทะฐัั, ะธะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต ะฝะฐัะฐะป ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน ััะตัะฑะฐ ะธ 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ: ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะพะฒ ะธ ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั .
ะะธะฝะธััั ะธ ะตะณะพ ะะพะปะบ ะฟัะฑะปะธัะฝะพ ัะพะปะณะฐะปะธ โ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ, ะฟะตัะตะดะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะผ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒัะผ, ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะดะฐะถะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธะฒัะตะน ะกะ ะตะณะพ ะทะฐะผะตััะธัะตะปัะฝะธัะตะน ะผะฐะนะพัะพะผ, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผ, ัะพััััะฟะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะพะฟะตัะพะผ ะฃะญะะธะะ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ ะผะฐะนะพัะพะผ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ ะ.ะฎ. ะะฐัะตะฒัะบะธะผ, ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะฟัััะธัะตะปัััะฒะต (ะธะปะธ ัะพััะฐััะธะธ?) ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ะะตะณัะพะทะพะฒะฐ ะธ ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ัะตะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะผะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะะพั ะผัะฝะธะฝะฐ. ะะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ ะธ ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ ั ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ะฟััะพะณะพ-ัะตััะพะณะพ ััะพะฒะฝั ะธะตัะฐัั ะธะธ ะะะ ะฒะธะปัะตั ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปะพะผ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ ะ ะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ, ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝัะผ ัะปะตะฝะพะผ ะกะพะฒะตัะฐ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ััะพ ะฟะพะทะพั ะดะปั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ.
ะขะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผัะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะต ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะฒัะธะต
ะะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะฝะฐ ััะดะต ะทะฐัะฒะปััั ััะผะผั ะพะบะพะปะพ 1โ2 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฒัััะฝัะตััั, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะพ, ะฟะพะปััะฐะปะธ ะฝะตะผะฐะปัะน ะดะพั ะพะด, ะฟัะธัะตะผ, ะพะฝะธ ะตัะต ะธ ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต/ะฒะฐะปััะฝัะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ััะพั ะดะพั ะพะด ะฝะต ะดะตะบะปะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ. ะกัะตะดะธ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะตััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต, ะทะฐัะฒะปัััะธะต ัะผะตั ะพัะฒะพัะฝัะต ััะผะผั ะฒ 50โ70 ััั., ัะพ ะตััั ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะพ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะฐะบัััะธะฒะฐะปะพัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ. ะ ะดะฐะถะต ั ััะธะผ ะฝะฐะบัััะธะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ัะดะฐะปะพัั ะฝะฐะฑัะฐัั ัะฐะบ ะผะฐะปะพ โ ััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะฟะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะถะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ะฑะพะปะตะต 200 ััั. ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะพะบะพะปะพ 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ.
ะขะพ ะตััั ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ััะธั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน.
ะกัะดั ะฟะพ ัััััะฐะผ ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะน ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธะผ ะฒะพะปะฝะฐะผ ะผะธัะธะฝะณะพะฒ, ะฟัะพะบะฐัะธะฒัะธั ัั ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะพะฝะธ ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป.
ะะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะทะฐะฒะตัะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฟะธัะตััะบะธะผ ะฃะญะะธะะ ัะธัะฐะดะผะธะฝ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ ะธ ัะฐะทะณัะพะผะธะป ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ััั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั, ะฟะพะฒะตัะธะฒ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต ะดะธัะบะปะตะนะผะตั: ยซะะฑัะฐัะฐะนัะตัั ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝัยป, ััะพ ะฝะฐ ะผะตัััั ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะธะปะพ ะฒัะฒะพะด ััะตะดััะฒ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะดะพ ะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ะทะฐัััะดะฝะธะปะธ ะฒัะฒะพะด ััะตะดััะฒ. ะะตะปะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะดะปั ะฒัะฒะพะดะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ ะผะฝะพะณะธะผะธ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะปัั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ p2p, ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัััะธะน ะฝะต ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะบะพะผะธััะธั, ัะพ ะตััั ะดะปั ะฒัะฒะพะดะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ ะฝัะถะฝะพ, ััะพะฑั ะบัะพ-ัะพ ะฒะฝะพัะธะป ััะตะดััะฒะฐ (ััะพ, ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ัะตะทะบะพ ัะพะบัะฐัะธะปะพัั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ) ะธ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธะป ะพะฑะผะตะฝ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ััะพั ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฝะต ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน, ะฒัะฒะพะด ััะตะดััะฒ ัะฐะบ ะธะปะธ ะธะฝะฐัะต ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะตััั.
ะขััััะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพั ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฒะพัะฟัะตะฟััััะฒะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ ะดะฒัั ะปะตัะฝะตะณะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ะตะณะพ ััะตัะพะฒ, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะพะบะพะปะพ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ ะฟะพ ะฟัะตะถะฝะตะน ัะตะฝะต.
ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฟััะผะพ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะตัะธะฒัะธะผ ะทะฐะฑัะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ะฟะฐะน, โ ะดะฐะถะต ะฟะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะปะธััะฐะผ ััะดะพะฒ. ะ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐะฝะตัะตะฝ ะบะพะปะพััะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ โ ะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน, ะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัะน, ะบะพัะพััะน ะพะฝะธ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝั ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ.
ยซะกะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธยป-ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝั ัะธะดะตัั ะฒ ััััะผะต
ะะตััะผะฐ ัะบัะพะผะฝัะน ัะตะทัะปััะฐั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะะะ ะฑัะป ะดะพััะธะณะฝัั ะพัะบัะพะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝัะผ ะฟััะตะผ.
1. ะะตะบะพัะพััะต ะธะท ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฑัะปะธ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝั ััะดะฐะผะธ. 1 ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะฟัะพัะปะพะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผ, ะฝะฐัััะฐััะธะผ ะฃะะ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะน ะพัะบะฐะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะธ ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ.ะัะธ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต ะฒัััะฝะธะปะพัั, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ, ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธะผะฐั ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒัะผ, ะฐ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ โ ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน, ะฟะพะดะดะตะปะฐะปะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั. ะะฒัะพั ะฟะพะดะดะตะปะบะธ โ ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะฐ โ ะตัะต ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต ะฑัะปะฐ ัะฒะพะปะตะฝะฐ ะธะท ะะกะฃ ยซะฟะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธัยป.
ะฃะปะธัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะธ ะฃะะ, ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ัะพััะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ะฟะธััะผะพ ะพะฑ ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธะธ ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะทะฐะดะฝะธะผ ัะธัะปะพะผ ะธ ะฟะพะฟััะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะดะตะปะพ ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฟะพ ัะฒะพะตะน ะฒะธะฝะต. ะะพะถั ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะธััะตะผั ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะพะฑะพัะพัะฐ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ.
2. ะะพะดะดะตะปะบะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ัะพะบัััะธั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตััะตะทะฝะพะณะพ: ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะณััะฑะพ ะฝะฐัััะธะปะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฑะตะท ััะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธั ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ััะฟะตะปะฐ ะทะฐ 30 ัััะพะบ ะดะพ ะธััะตัะตะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะพะบะฐ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ัะตัะฒะตััั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ โะฐ ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะธะผ ััะพะบะฐ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ัะฒััะต ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะฟะตัะบะธ ะดะฐะถะต ัะพะปะบะพะผ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณะปะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฒะตะปะฐ ะฟะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ยซัะตะทะตัะฒะฝะพะผัยป ะดะตะปั, ะฝะพ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต, ะพัะฑัะพัะธะฒ ัััะด, ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะพััััััะฒะธั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐ ะดะปั ัะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ยซะฝัะถะฝะพะณะพยป ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะปะฐ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ยซะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะณะพยป ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะฃะะ, ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝั ะฟะพัะปะต ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ. ะัะต ััะธ ัั ะธััะตะฝะธั ะฑัะปะธ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผั ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะธ ะฒ ะบะพะตะผ ัะปััะฐะต ะฝะต ะฒัะฟััะบะฐัั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐัั ะดะตัะถะฐัั ะธั ะฒ ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะฐั .
3. ะะต-ัะฐะบัะพ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะตะพััะถะดะตะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน โ ัะตัะฒะตัะพ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ัะถะต ะฒัะพัะพะน ะณะพะด ัะธะดัั ะฒ ััััะผะต. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะฐะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัััั ัะฒะฝะพ ะฝะธ ะฒ ัะตะผ ะฝะตะฟะพะฒะธะฝะฝัะต ะปัะดะธ โ ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป: ะดะฐะถะต ะตัะปะธ ะฟัะตะดะฟะพะปะพะถะธัั, ััะพ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐ โ ััะพ ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณะฐะตััั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะพะพะฑัะฐัั ััะดั, ััะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ั ะพัะพัะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ, ะพะฝะธ ะฑัะปะธ ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝั ะฟะพะปััะฐะตะผัะผ ะดะพั ะพะดะพะผ, ะธ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะฟะพัะปะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัะพััะธะนัะบะฐั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะฐั ัะธััะตะผะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฑัะปะฐ ะพะฑัััะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตัะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะตะน ะฟะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะธะผ ัะธัะฐะดะผะธะฝะพะผ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ. ะัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะต โ ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป ะธ ะฝะธ ะบ ะบะฐะบะธะผ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝัะตัะบะธะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธัะผ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะฝะธะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะปะธ. ะั ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฒ ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะธ ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะพะฝะธ ะดะฐะปะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ.
4. ะัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต โ ะทะฐะฒะตะดะพะผะพ ะฟะพะดะปะพะถะฝะพะต ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ ะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะฐ ะฝะฐ 16 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ัะพะณะดะฐ ะบะฐะบ ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต โ282 ะผะปะฝ, ะธ ะฒ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะตั ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธัะบะพะฒะพะณะพ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั โ ะดะฐะถะต ะฝะฐ 100 ััะฑะปะตะน.
5. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ััะธะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะปะพ ะดะฒัั ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ััะตัะฑะต ะฝะฐ ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะด (!) ััะฑะปะตะน ะบะฐะถะดะพะต โ ะธัะบะปััะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะดะปั ะปะพะถะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะพ ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะธััะพะถะฝัะต ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตั ัะปััะฐัั , ะฝะต ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัั ั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ ัะผะตััะธ, ะฟัะธััะถะดะฐะตััั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะผะธ ััะดะฐะผะธ ะฒ ัะฐะทะผะตัะต ะฝะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ััะฑะปะตะน.
6. ะะธ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะฝะต ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐะป ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพััั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฒ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะผ ััะดะต. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะฐ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒั ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะบัั ะถะต ััะผะผั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ััะพ ะธะฝะพะต, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะฟััะบะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฟัะธ ััะฐััะธะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะฝะตะบะพะน ะทะฐะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟะพะน ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป โ ะฝะตะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะธะท ัะธัะปะฐ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป, ัะพ ะตััั ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะฝะพะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะฟะพัะฝะพ ะธะณะฝะพัะธััะตั ะะฃะกะ ะะะ.
ะะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ ะดะปั ัะฐะบะพะณะพ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะฐ ะตััั โ ััะพ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ ะฟะพะด ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะคะตะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ-ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะฝะดะฐ ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฟัะฐะฒ ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฐะบัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ. ะะพะฝััะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะฝะต ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะธะฒะฐัััั ะฐะบัะธะฒะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั : ััะพะณะพ ะฝะตะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝะพ ะดะปั ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธั ะฐะฟะฟะตัะธัะพะฒ ัะตั , ะบัะพ ััะพะธั ะทะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝัะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะดะตะปะพะผ. ะ ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะพะดะฝะพ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะต ะปะธัะพ โ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟััะฐัััั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัั ะบ ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะทะฐ ะดััะณะพะต โ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ยซะะตัะผะตัยป: ะฐะบัะธะฒั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป โ ะทะฐ ััะฑะตะถะพะผ.
7. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต, ะฐ ัะตะฟะตัั ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ัะพะฒะตััะฐัั ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต: ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ัะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐััั ะธั ะฒะตัะฝััั, ัะพ ะตััั ัะพะฒะตััะฐัั ั ะธัะตะฝะธะต.
ะะธะฝะธััั, ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัะตะผัะน ะผะฐัะธะตะน
ะัะฐะบ, ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ ะฟัะฑะปะธัะฝะพ ัะพะปะณะฐะป ะกะพะฒะตัั ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ, ะฒัะดัะผะฐะฒ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั, ะฒัะดัะผะฐะฒ ะผะฝะพะณะพะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะธ ะดะตัััะบะธ ััััั ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะฒัะธั , ะพะฝ โ ะฝะตะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะฝัะน ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั, ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฒะตะดะพะผัะน ัะฒะพะตะน ะบะฐะผะฐัะธะปัะตะน, ัััะตะผััะตะนัั ัะพะทะดะฐะฒะฐัั ะณัะพะผะบะธะต ะฟะธะฐั-ะธััะพัะธะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัััะพะผ ะผะตััะต ะธ ั ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะฒัะณะพะดะพะน ะดะปั ัะตะฑั. ะะฝ ะฒัะทะฒะฐะป ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะธ ัะปะตะฝะพะฒ ะธั ัะตะผะตะน โ ะฒ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะฒะพะตะผ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะตะน ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝัั ัะปะพะตะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะปะตะฝะธั, ะฝะฐ ะณะพะดั ะปะธัะตะฝะฝัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะฐะผะธ ะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะพะฝะธ ัะพะฑัะฐะปะธ ััะตะดััะฒะฐ, โ ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ. ะะธะฝะธััั ะฒัะตะดะธั ะฒ ััะปั ัะตะผ, ะบัะพ ะทะฐัะธัะฐะตั ัััะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต.
ะะปะฐะฒะฐ ะะะ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะพะด ะฒะปะธัะฝะธะตะผ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะบะพะฝััะพะปะตะผ ะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ััะฐะฒัะตะน ะฟัะธััะตะน ะฒะพ ัะทััะตั ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะน ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะพะน ะผะฐัะธะธ. ะะธะบะฒะธะดะฐัะธั ััะพะน ะผะฐัะธะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะฐัะธั ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะน, ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะฝะพะน, ะฒัะตะดััะตะน ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ-ะฟะพะปะธัะธัะตัะบะพะน ััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพััะธ ัะธััะตะผั ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะะะ, ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฒะฐะถะฝะตะนัะตะน ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะทะฐะดะฐัะตะน.
ะะพะตะฝะฝัะน ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั ะะฐะฟะพัะพะถัะต. ะะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธั
ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ
โ ััะพ ะพะฟััะฝัะน ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธัั ะธะผะตััะธะน ะฒัััะตะต ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะต ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ัะดะฐะฒัะธะน ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธะบะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัะน ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะบะทะฐะผะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะพัััะตััะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐััะบะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพัััั ะธ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะธะนัั ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะปะฐั
ะัั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะตััั ะฒ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝะพ, ัะตัะบะพ ะธ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะดะตะนััะฒัััะธะผะธ ะฝะพัะผะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ-ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะฐะผะธ.
ะั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะต ััะธััั ะดะตะนััะฒัะตะผ ะฝะต ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฃะบัะฐะธะฝั ะธะปะธ ะผะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั, ะผั ะดะตะนััะฒัะตะผ ะฒะพ ะฑะปะฐะณะพ ะฃะบัะฐะธะฝั โ ะฝะฐัะธั ะทะฐัะธัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ ะฃะบัะฐะธะฝั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะฟะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะถะตะปัั ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝัั ัะธััะฐัะธั ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัั ั ะฝะตะทะฝะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะธ ะดะตะนััะฒัััะตะณะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ.
ะะพัะบะพะปัะบั, ะฟัะพัะฒะธะฒ ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธะทะผ ะธ ััะฒััะฒะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะน ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ โ ััะฐะฒ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐัะธัั ััะฒะตัะตะฝะธัะตัะฐ ัััะฐะฝั, ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต ััะฐััะฒัััะธะต ะธ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะฒัะธะต ะฒ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝะต ะฟะพัะปะต, ััะฐะฝะพะฒัััั ะฝะธะบะพะผั ะฝะต ะฝัะถะฝัะผะธ, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะตัะปะธ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธะน ััะฐะป ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะดะพะผ, ะฟะพัะตััะป ัะฐััั ัะตะปะฐ ะธะปะธ ะบะพะฝะตัะฝะพััั, ะธ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ ะทะฐัะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ัะฐะบะธั ัะธััะฐัะธัั ะผั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพัั, ะธ ะดะพะฑะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะฒ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ, ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐั, ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะฐัััะฐ, ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟะตะฝัะธะน, ะปัะณะพั ะธ ั.ะฟ.
ะขะพะถะต ะบะฐัะฐะตััั, ะธ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธะต ะพัััะพัะบะธ ะพั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฑะตะทะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฐัั ััะฝะฐ ั ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะพัะตั ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะด 2 ะณััะฟะฟั, ะธะปะธ ะผะฐัั ะฟัะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ััะถะตะปะพะน ะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะธ ะบ ะฟะพััะตะปะธ, ะธ ััะตะฑัััะฐั ะฟะพััะพัะพะฝะฝะตะณะพ ัั ะพะดะฐ. ะญัะพ ะถะต ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะธ ะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธะผ, ัะฐะฟะพััะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะต ัะตะณะธัััะธัััััั ะฒ ะบะฐะฝัะตะปััะธะธ ะฒะพะธะฝัะบะพะน ัะฐััะธ ะธ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะธะณะฝะพัะธัััััั, ะฟะพะด ะฟัะธะบัััะธะตะผ ััะตัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน..
ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ัะฐะบะธั ัะธััะฐัะธัั , ะผั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะะะะะะะซะฅ ะผะตัะพะดะพะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะพะน ะทะฐัะธัั, ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัั ัะฒะพะน ะพะฟัั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะฝัะน ะฟัะธ ะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะธ ะฐะฝะฐะปะพะณะธัะฝัั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะป ะดะพะฑะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ.
ะะพะตะฝะฝัะน ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั ะะฐะฟะพัะพะถัะต. ะะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธั
ะฒัะนััะบะพะฒั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะธ
โ ััะพ ะพะฟััะฝัะน ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธัั ะธะผะตััะธะน ะฒัััะตะต ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะต ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ัะดะฐะฒัะธะน ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธะบะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัะน ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะบะทะฐะผะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะพัััะตััะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐััะบะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพัััั ะธ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะธะนัั ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะปะฐั
ะัั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะตััั ะฒ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝะพ, ัะตัะบะพ ะธ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะดะตะนััะฒัััะธะผะธ ะฝะพัะผะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ-ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะฐะผะธ.
ะั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะต ััะธััั ะดะตะนััะฒัะตะผ ะฝะต ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฃะบัะฐะธะฝั ะธะปะธ ะผะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั, ะผั ะดะตะนััะฒัะตะผ ะฒะพ ะฑะปะฐะณะพ ะฃะบัะฐะธะฝั โ ะฝะฐัะธั ะทะฐัะธัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ ะฃะบัะฐะธะฝั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะฟะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะถะตะปัั ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝัั ัะธััะฐัะธั ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัั ั ะฝะตะทะฝะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะธ ะดะตะนััะฒัััะตะณะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ.
ะะพัะบะพะปัะบั, ะฟัะพัะฒะธะฒ ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธะทะผ ะธ ััะฒััะฒะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะน ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ โ ััะฐะฒ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐัะธัั ััะฒะตัะตะฝะธัะตัะฐ ัััะฐะฝั, ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต ััะฐััะฒัััะธะต ะธ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะฒัะธะต ะฒ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝะต ะฟะพัะปะต, ััะฐะฝะพะฒัััั ะฝะธะบะพะผั ะฝะต ะฝัะถะฝัะผะธ, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะตัะปะธ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธะน ััะฐะป ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะดะพะผ, ะฟะพัะตััะป ัะฐััั ัะตะปะฐ ะธะปะธ ะบะพะฝะตัะฝะพััั, ะธ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ ะทะฐัะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ัะฐะบะธั ัะธััะฐัะธัั ะผั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพัั, ะธ ะดะพะฑะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะฒ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ, ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐั, ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะฐัััะฐ, ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟะตะฝัะธะน, ะปัะณะพั ะธ ั.ะฟ.
ะขะพะถะต ะบะฐัะฐะตััั, ะธ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธะต ะพัััะพัะบะธ ะพั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฑะตะทะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฐัั ััะฝะฐ ั ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะพัะตั ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะด 2 ะณััะฟะฟั, ะธะปะธ ะผะฐัั ะฟัะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ััะถะตะปะพะน ะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะธ ะบ ะฟะพััะตะปะธ, ะธ ััะตะฑัััะฐั ะฟะพััะพัะพะฝะฝะตะณะพ ัั ะพะดะฐ. ะญัะพ ะถะต ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะธ ะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธะผ, ัะฐะฟะพััะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะต ัะตะณะธัััะธัััััั ะฒ ะบะฐะฝัะตะปััะธะธ ะฒะพะธะฝัะบะพะน ัะฐััะธ ะธ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะธะณะฝะพัะธัััััั, ะฟะพะด ะฟัะธะบัััะธะตะผ ััะตัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน..
ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ัะฐะบะธั ัะธััะฐัะธัั , ะผั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะะะะะะะซะฅ ะผะตัะพะดะพะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะพะน ะทะฐัะธัั, ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัั ัะฒะพะน ะพะฟัั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะฝัะน ะฟัะธ ะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะธ ะฐะฝะฐะปะพะณะธัะฝัั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะป ะดะพะฑะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ.
ะะพะธะฝั-ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฑะตะท ะทะฐัะธัั ะฒ ััะปั
ะะฐะนัะธะบะธ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ ะณะพัะพะฒั ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ
ะะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะะตัั ะะตะน
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ัะต, ะฒ ััะธั ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต, โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ. ะ ะพะฝะธ ัะฐะผะธ, ะธ ะธั ัะพะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะธะบะธ ะฒะพะทะผััะตะฝั ัะพะฑััะธัะผะธ, ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะธะผะธ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะตะดั ะทะฐัะธัะฐั ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ัััะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต, ะฒ ััะปั ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะทะฐัะธัะตะฝั ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะต ะผะพะณัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ััะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฟะพััะธ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ โ ะฟัะธัะพะผ, ััะพ ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะผ ััะดะพะผ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะผั ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั, ัะพััะฐะฒะปัะตั 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน.
ยซะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ะฝะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ััะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะธััะฐัะธัยป
ะะฐัะฐะปัั ะัะธะณะฐัะพ, ะผะฐัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะฐ ะกะะ ะธะท ะะตััะตัะณะฐะฝัะบะฐ ะะฐะฝะธะธะปะฐ ะัะธะณะฐัะพ:
โ ะกัะฝ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะปัั ะทะฐ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะตัะต ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด, ะฟะพะดะฐะป ะฟะฐะบะตั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตััั ะฒ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ โ ะธ ะฒัะต ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะต ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตัััะต ะพะฝะฐ ะทะฝะฐัะธััั ะบะฐะบ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั. ะ ะบะพะฝัะต ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ. ะกัะฝ ะฑัะฐะป ะบัะตะดะธั, ััะพะฑั ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธัััั ะทะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ. ะะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟัะพะดะฐัั ััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ะฒะทััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะพะฑะพะปััะต ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฝะตะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปัั ะฐัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ ััะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฝะตั โ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะน ะฐัะตัั, ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะฒัะธะนัั ะพัะตะฝัั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ, 19 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั ะธััะตะบ, ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะพ ะฝะพะฒะพะผ ะฐัะตััะต ะดะฒะฐะถะดั ะพัะบะปะพะฝะตะฝั ััะดะพะผ, ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะตะตัััั ะฐัะตัั ั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ัะฝัั. ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ะบัะตะดะธั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั, ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะฐ.
ะฃ ััะฝะฐ ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะพะน ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒัััะฝััั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ั ะ ะพััะตะตัััะพะผ โ ะฒ ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ะพะฝ ะฟัะธะตะทะถะฐะตั ะฒ ะพัะฟััะบะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะตะปั-ะฟะพะปัะพัั, ะตะผั ะฝะต ะดะพ ััััะถะฝะธัะตััะฒะฐ. ะฏ ะฝะฐั ะพะถััั ะฒ ะะฝะฐะฟะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะฝ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะผะตะฝั ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััั, ะฐ ั ะฝะต ะผะพะณั ะธะท ะะฝะฐะฟั ะฟัะธะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะะตััะตัะณะฐะฝัะบ ะธ ัะตัะฐัั ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตัััะต โ ะบัะพะผะต ะฟะพะตะทะดะฐ, ัะตะนัะฐั, ัะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะตัะต, ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ั ะพะดะธั (ะบะพะฝะตั ัะธัะฐัั).
ยซะะฐ ะฑะตะทะพะฑัะฐะทะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะผั ะฟะธัะตะผ ะถะฐะปะพะฑั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ะฝะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ััะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะธััะฐัะธัยป.
ยซะะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั, ะพััะฐะตััั โ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะถะต ะฒัะต ะฑััั ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะพยป
ะะปะตะฝะฐ ะะพะนะบะพ โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ ะธ ะผะฐัั ัะพะปะดะฐัะฐ, ะฒะพััะตะณะพ ะฒ ะกะะ, ะดะปั ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะพะฝะฐ ัะพะฑะธัะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะพะดะฝั ะธะท ะดะฒัั ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต. ยซะฏ ััะฐะปะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั. ะ ัะฝะฒะฐัะต 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟะพะดะฐะปะฐ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะดะฒัั ะบะฒะฐััะธั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต. ะฃ ะผะตะฝั ะดะฒะพะต ะดะตัะตะน โ ััะฝ ะธ ะดะพัั, ะธะผ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะถะธะปัะต. ะ 2020 ะณะพะดั ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝัะน ะดะพะผ โ ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะพัะพัะผะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ, ะบะพะผั ะตะต ะผะพะณะปะธ ะพะดะพะฑัะธัั, ะฐ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั ะพะฝ ััะตะป ะฒ ะฐัะผะธั ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฝะธะบ, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะฐะป ะบะพะฝััะฐะบั. ะะณะพ ะพัะฝะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะธ โะทะฐ ะปะตะฝัะพัะบัโ. ะัะผะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะฟะพะถะธะฒะตะผ ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะธ ััั ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ะฟะพะดะพะนะดะตั ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะั ะพััะฐะฝะตะผัั ะถะธัั ะฒ ัะฐััะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะฐ ะดะตัะธ ะฒัะตะดัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะะฟะพัะตะบะฐ โ ััะพ ัะฐะทะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะะปะตะฝะฐ, โ ะผั ะฒะทัะปะธ 2,5 ะผะปะฝ, ะฐ ะทะฐ 30 ะปะตั ะพัะดะฐะดะธะผ 6 ะผะปะฝ. ะะพะณะดะฐ ะฟะพัะฒะธะปัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะดะปั ะฝะฐั ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ะบะฐะถะดะพะผั ะธะท ะดะตัะตะน ะถะธะปัะต: ะทะฐ 10 ะปะตั ะธะปะธ ัะฐะฝััะต ะพะฝะธ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐััััั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ั ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพ ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะน ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะพะน, ะธ ั ะฝะธั ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะถะธะปัะต. ะะท-ะทะฐ ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะฑััั ััะพะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะปะธัะตะฝัยป.
ยซะฏ ะฒัะตะผ ัะตัะดัะตะผ ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐั ะทะฐ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฝะต ะฟะธัั โ ะฝะฐะดะตััั, ััะพ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั โัะฐะทะผะพัะพะทะธัััโ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะตะฝะฐ. โ ะะฑัะฐัะฐะตะผัั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั โ ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ะพัะฟะธัะบะธ. ะกะผััะป ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะณะพ ั ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐั ั ะพัะพัะพ โ ะบะพะณะดะฐ-ัะพ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะฐัั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝัะผ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ: ะฝะฐั ัะพะณะดะฐ ะทะฐะบััะป ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฑะฐะฝะบ. ะะฐัะตะป ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพะฒะพะด. ะะพ ะฝะฐััะพััะฐั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะผั ะผะตัะฐะปะธ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐะผ ะพะฑะธัะฐัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะะพ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั, ะพััะฐะตััั โ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะถะต ะฑััั ะฒัะต ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะพยป.
ยซะะพะปััะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ะฒะพะทะผััะฐะตั ัะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะธ ะฒะพะธะฝั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต, ะฐ ะทะดะตัั, ะฒ ััะปั, ะธั ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ะฝะฐัััะฐัััั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ััััะบัััะฐะผะธ. ะขะฐะบะพะณะพ ะฑััั ะฝะต ะดะพะปะถะฝะพ!ยป
ยซะะปั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป
ะะฐัะธัะฐ ะะธัะบะธะฝะด โ ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะฒัะฐั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ัะตะผัะตะน โ ั ะดะพัะตััั, ะทััะตะผ ะธ ะผะฐะปะตะฝัะบะธะผ ะฒะฝัะบะพะผ ยญ- ั ะะฐะปัะฝะตะณะพ ะะพััะพะบะฐ ะฒ ะะตะปะณะพัะพะดัะบัั ะพะฑะปะฐััั. ะะต ะทััั, ะถะธะฒััะธะน ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต ะกะะ. ยซะก ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะดะฒัั ััะฐะถะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ะฒ ัะตะปะต ะััะบะฐัะฝะพะต ะะตะปะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ โ ะผั ั ะดะพัะตััั ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะปะธ ััะดะฐ. ะั ัะถะต ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ. ะะต ะดะพ ะบะพะฝัะฐ ัะดะตะปะฐะปะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั, ะบัั ะฝะธ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะตั: ะผะพะตะผ ะฟะพััะดั ะฒ ะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน. ะคะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฝะต ั ะฒะฐัะฐะตั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะทััั ัะถะต ะณะพะด ะฝะฐ ะกะะ, ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฝะธ ัะฐะทั ะฝะต ะฑัะป ะฒ ะพัะฟััะบะต, ะธ ะฟะตัะตะฒะตััะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะตะณะพ ะบะฐััั ะฒ ะะขะ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฝะตะฟัะพััะพ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะบะฐััะฐ โ ะฒ ัะฐัะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะธ, ะดะพ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะณะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ ะตั ะฐัั ะดะฐะปะตะบะพ, ะฐ ะพะฝ ัะฐะผ โ ะฝะฐ ะปะธะฝะธะธ ััะพะฝัะฐ. ะั ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะถะธะฒะตะผ ั ะฒัะฟะปะฐั ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑะตะฝะบะฐ, ะฝะฐ ะผะฝะต ะบัะตะดะธัั โ ั ะผะตะฝั ะฟะพะปะฟะตะฝัะธะธ ัั ะพะดะธั ะฝะฐ ะธั ะพะฟะปะฐัั. ะะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะตะตัััั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ, ั ะพัั ะฐัะตัั ะฟะพ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฐัะตัั ะธััะตะบ โ ะฐ ั ะฑะพััั ะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะะตะปะณะพัะพะด, ััะพะฑั ัะตัะฐัั ะฟะพ ะฝะตะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั. ะฏ ั ัะตะฑะตะฝะบะพะผ ะฝะฐ ัะปะธัั ะณัะปััั ะฝะต ะฒัั ะพะถั ะฒ ะฝัะฝะตัะฝะตะน ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ะพะฑััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะต โ ัะธัะตะฝั ะฒะพะทะดััะฝะพะน ััะตะฒะพะณะธ ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝัะต. ะะพะฑััััะตะต ะฑั ะฝะฐัะธ ะฒะพะนัะบะฐ ัะพะทะดะฐะปะธ ัะฐะฝะธัะฐัะฝัั ะทะพะฝั ะฒ ะฅะฐััะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ!ยป
ะะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะดั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะะฐัะธัะฐ ัะพะพะฑัะฐะตั, ััะพ ยซะธะฟะพัะตะบะฐ ัะพัะฝะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ัะฒะตัะธะปะฐ. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ััะพ 14 ััั. ะฒ ะผะตััั ะธ ะฒัะตะณะพ ะปะธัั 10 ะปะตั. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะฐะถะต ัััะดะตะฝัะบะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั. ะัะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะต ัะตัะตะท ะฑะฐะฝะบ ะฟัะธะดะตััั ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะตัะต ะบะฐะบ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะทะฐ ะพะดะฝั ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะกัะตะดะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพัะตะฝั ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ, ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน, ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะธั ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะธัะฐ. โ ะะท-ะทะฐ ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะปะธัะธัััั ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั. ะั ะบัะดะฐ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะต ะฟะธัะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะพ, ะฒะธะดะธะผะพ, ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะบัั. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ะดะฐัั ะดะฐะถะต ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ััะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธะทะผะตะฝะธััั ะฒ ะปััััั ััะพัะพะฝัยป.
ยซะั ะพัะตะฝั ัััะฐะปะธ. ะะพ ะฑะพัะตะผััยป
ะัะดะผะธะปะฐ ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ โ ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะกะฐัะฐัะพะฒะฐ, ะทััั ะบะพัะพัะพะน, ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐััะธะน ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะฝะตะน ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ััะฐััะฒัะตั ะฒ ะกะะ. ยซะฏ ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต ะฟะพััะธ ััะธ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะดะพัะตััั ะธ ะฒะฝัะบะพะผ, ะฒะฝะพัะธะผ ะตะถะตะผะตัััะฝัะต ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะธ ัะตัะตะท ะณะพัััะปัะณะธยป.
ยซะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒะทััั ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะัะดะผะธะปะฐ. โ ะคะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะฝ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะน ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ โ ะดะพัั, ะทััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฒะฝัะบ โ ัััะดะตะฝั, ะฒะฝััะบะต โ ัะตัััะต ะณะพะดะฐ. ะั ั ะผัะถะตะผ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตััยป.
ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั , โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ะฝะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒ ะทะฐะฒััะฐัะฝะตะผ ะดะฝะต ะฝะตั. ะะธัะตะผ ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฒ ะะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธั ะฟัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ, ั ะพะดะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะตะผ ะบ ะะพะปะพะดะธะฝั. ะะพะบะฐ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั. ะัั ะฝะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ััะด ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตัััยป.
ยซะฅะพัะตะปะพัั, ััะพะฑั ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะพ ะฒะพะทะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑััััะตะต ัะตัะธะปัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ัะพะณะดะฐ ััะฐะปะพ ะฑั ะฟัะพัะต. ะะพะณะดะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะฝะพ ะธะฝะฐั ัะธััะฐัะธั. ะั ะพัะตะฝั ัััะฐะปะธ. ะะพ ะฑะพัะตะผััยป.
ยซ20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะฟัะพััะพ ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััยป
ะะปะปะฐ ะฏัะพะฒะฐั โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะััะธะณะพััะบะฐ ะธ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะัะดะผะธะปั ะะฒะพััะพะฒะพะน, ััะฝ ะบะพัะพัะพะน, ะะณะพัั ะะฒะพััะพะฒ, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะปัั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ, ะฐ ัะตะฟะตัั ัะปัะถะธั ะฒะฝัััะธ ัััะฐะฝั. ยซะัะดะผะธะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะดะปั ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ััะฝะฐ. ะัััะฟะธะปะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะพะฝะฐ ะฒ 2017 ะณะพะดั, ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะปะฐัั ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต โ ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั, ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธะปะฐ, ะฟะพัะพะผ ััะพัะปะฐ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะถะธะปัะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะทะฐ 1450 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน. ะะพัะพะผ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ะฟะพััะตะฟะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะต ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะปะฐัั. ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะดะปั ััะพะณะพ ะฝะฐ ะดะฒัั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐั , ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะฐะฝะธัะฐัะบะพะน ะฒ ะธะฝัะตะบัะธะพะฝะฝะพะผ ะพัะดะตะปะตะฝะธะธยป.
ะะพ ะพัะพัะผะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฝะต ัะดะฐะปะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ, ะฟะพััะฝัะตั ะะปะปะฐ. ะ ั ะพัั ะฐัะตัั 19 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั ะธััะตะบ ะธ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฝะต ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปัั, ััะด ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะต ััะพั ะฐัะตัั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะป. ยซะะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะฝััะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะผั ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปะธัั ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะธะน ะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ััะด, ะณะดะต ััะดัั ะพัะตะฝั ะฟัะตะดะฒะทััะพ ะพัะฝะตััั ะบ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะธ ะผั ะฟะพะปััะธะปะธ ะพัะบะฐะท, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะปะฐ, โ ะฅะพัั ะฐะฝะฐะปะพะณะธัะฝัะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปัั ะฒ ะะธะฝะตัะฐะปะพะฒะพะดัะบะพะผ ััะดะต ะธ ัะฐะผ ััะดัั ะฒัะฝะตัะปะฐ ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐััะพััะธะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฒะพั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั. ะัะตะดััะพะธั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ โ ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะฝะตัะตะณะพ: ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฝะตั. ะ ะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะัะดะผะธะปั ะะฒะพััะพะฒะพะน โ ะฟะพัะตะผั-ัะพ ะตัััยป.
ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะดะปั ะปัะดะตะน ัะพ ััะตะดะฝะธะผ ะดะพััะฐัะบะพะผ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะถะธะปัะต, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะปะฐ, โ ะะตัะตัะตะฝะฝัะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั โ ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ. ะั ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ ั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธั ะปะธั, ะฝะพ ะผั ะถะต ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธะต ะปะธัะฐ. ะ ะดะตะฟััะฐัะฐะผ โ ั ะฝะฐั ะฑะตััั ะฝะฐะปะพะณ ะบะฐะบ ั ััะปะธัะฐ. ะะพัะตะผั ะผั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะพะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐัั โ ะผั ะถะต ัะธะทะปะธัะฐ? ะะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐั ััะพ ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั ะดะพะฑะธัััั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ัััะฐะฝะตยป.
ยซ20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะฟัะพััะพ ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ. โ ะญัะพ ะฝะฐัะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะธ ะผั ะทะฐ ะฝะธั ะฑะพัะตะผัั. ะะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะพัััะพะธะผ ะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ!ยป
ยซะะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐยป
ะฃ ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะถะธัะตะปัะฝะธัั ะธะท ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะขะฐัััะฝั ะะปะฐัะตะฝะบะพ ััะฐััะธะน ััะฝ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ั ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ. ยซะขัะธ ะผะตัััะฐ ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธะป ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั โะทะฐ ะปะตะฝัะพัะบะพะนโ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ. โ ะั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะปะตัะฐ 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะบัะฟะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฑะพะปัััั. ะะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะธ ะตะณะพ ััะตัะฐ, ะธ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัะต ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธั, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐััััยป.
ยซะฏ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฝะฐัะตะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ. โ ะะทะถั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะต ััะดั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต, ั ะพัั ะถะธะฒั ะฒ ะดะตัะตะฒะฝะต โ ะตั ะฐัั ะดะฒะฐ ั ะฟะพะปะพะฒะธะฝะพะน, ะฐ ัะพ ะธ ััะธ ัะฐัะฐ, ะผะฝะต 64 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฐ ะฟััั ะฝะตะฑะปะธะทะบะธะน. ะ ััะฝ ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะผะตะฝัยป.
ยซะะพั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐััััยป
ะฃ ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะธะท ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะฐ ะะฐัะฐะปัะธ ะ ะพะผะฐัะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ะฑัะปะพ ะดะฒะฐ ะฟะปะตะผัะฝะฝะธะบะฐ โ ะพะดะธะฝ, ะบ ัะพะถะฐะปะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพะณะธะฑ. ะะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐัั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะฐ ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะต, ะะฐัะฐะปัั ัะพััะพัะปะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต. ยซะะพั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐัััั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะฐะปัั. โ ะฏ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฟะธัั ะฟะธััะผะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั, ะฒ ะฒัััะธะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฝะฐัััะฐัััั ะฝะฐัะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ, ะฝะฐั ะปะธัะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒะฝะต ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั. ะะพะบะฐ ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ะพะดะฝะธ ะพัะฟะธัะบะธ, ะฝะพ ะฑะพััะฑั ะผั ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตะผ!ยป
ยซะกะธััะฐัะธั โ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ะกะะยป
ะะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝะฐ ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ, ะฒะพะปะพะฝัะตั ะกะะ, ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะดะฒะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ะดะปั ัะตะฑั ะธ ะดะปั ััะฝะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฒะพัะตั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ะดะพะฑัะพะฒะพะปััะตะผ. ยซะะพ ััะพะณะพ ั ะฟัะพะดะฐะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฒะพะพะฑัะต ะฑะตะท ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะัััะฟะธะปะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะััะผ ะธ ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบ. ะ ะกะะ ััะฐััะฒัั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะปะพะฝัะตั โ ะฝะต ะพััะฐััั ะฒ ััะพัะพะฝะต, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะ ะพะดะธะฝะต ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพััยป.
ยซะั ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะพัะตะฝั ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะปัะดะธ ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะปะธ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝะฐ. โ ะกะธััะฐัะธั โ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ. ะ ะตัะต ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐัั, ะตัะปะธ ัะตะฐะปะธะทัะตััั ะฟะปะพั ะพะน ััะตะฝะฐัะธะน. ะฅะพัะตััั ะฝะฐะดะตััััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ะพะฑัะฐะทัะตััั, ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะฒะพััะพัะถะตััะฒัะตั. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะต ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ััะตะดััะฒ ั ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ััะฐััะธะต ะฒ ะฝะตะผ, ะณะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ั ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะผะพััั: ััะพ ัะฐะผัะน ะปัััะธะน ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะกะดะฐะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะฐั ะฝะตัยป
ะะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ ะฏะฝะบะพะฒัะบะฐั ัะพะดะพะผ ะธะท ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะฐ, ะพะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบ, ะตะต ััะฟััะณ ะฟะพะณะธะฑ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ. ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ัะถะต ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธะปะฐ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบะต ะดะปั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัะตะผัะธ, ะผั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฟะพะดะฑะธัะฐัั ะพะฑัะตะบั, โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะะพ ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะฒัะต ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะปะพัั. ะฅะพัะตะปะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบะต. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะปะตะถะฐั ะฝะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะทะฐ ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฟะพะดะพัะพะถะฐะปะฐ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั ั ะพัั ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ััะตัะฐ ัะฐะทะฑะปะพะบะธััััยป.
ยซะั ะฒัััะตัะบะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ. โ ะะฐะฟะธััะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒะธะดะตะพ, ััะพ ะผั ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัััะต, ะฐ ะฒะฟะพะปะฝะต ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝัะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ, ะพะฑัััะฝัะปะธ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะฐั ะฝะต ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐ, ะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะฒ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะปัะดัะผ. ะะดะตะผ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ัะฝะธะผัั ััะธ ะฐัะตััั. ะกะดะฐะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะฐั ะฝะตัยป.
ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะดะปั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั
ะะฐะบ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ ะพัะฝะพััััั ะบ ัะพะฑััะธัะผ ะฒะพะบััะณ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป
ะััะฟะฝะตะนัะธะน ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธั
ะะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะทะฐััะพะฝัั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะดะตะปะพะผ, ะบะฐัะฐััะธะผัั ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝะฒะตััะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตััั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะผ ััะดะพะผ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ. ะะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 3,5 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะตะฟัะตััะฒะฝะพ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฟะพ ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒั ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ: ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฝะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะฝะธ ะฒะตัะฝััั ััะตะดััะฒะฐ.
ะะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะพะฒะตัะฐ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฒ ัะธัะปะต ะตะณะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ัััะฐะดะฐััะธั ะพั ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะบะธ ััะตะดััะฒ, ัััััะธ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธั , ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะพัะฝะธ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ, ัะฐััั ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ััะฟะตะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ัะฐััั ัะพะฑะธัะฐะตั ะธะปะธ ัะพะฑัะฐะปะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั, ะฐ ัะฐััั โ ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฒัััะฟะธัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ยซะกะยป ะฟะพะพะฑัะฐะปะฐัั ั ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะผะธ ะธะท ะฝะธั ะธ ะธั ัะพะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะทะฝะฐัั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ัะพะฑััะธัะผ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ยซะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะตะตยป
ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดั ะะพะปะดะผะฐะฝ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ั ะผะฐั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะดะพะฑัะพะฒะพะปะตั, ััะธ ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธั. ะัะธัะตะป ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ััะดะพะฒัะผ, ัะตะนัะฐั โ ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบ ััะฐะฑะฐ ะฑะฐัะฐะปัะพะฝะฐ. ะัะป ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ โ ะตะณะพ ะผะฐะผะฐ.
ยซะก ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝะฐั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฒะพ ะะปะฐะดะธะฒะพััะพะบะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะผะฐะผะฐ, โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝ. โ ะ ะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะต, ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะธะต ะผะตัััั ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝั ะฟะพะณะฐัะธัั ะทะฐะดะพะปะถะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฟะตัะตะด ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะธ ะพัะพัะผะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะตะต, ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐั โ ะพะฝ ะดะฐะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฑะตะท ะฑะพะปััะธั ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั. ะ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะผ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพัะฝะพัััั ะพััะธัะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ โะะตัั ะะตะนโ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะถะธะปัะต ะฒ ัะฐัััะพัะบัยป.
ยซะัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะต ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตั ัะพะบยป
ะะฒะฐัะดะธะธ ััะดะพะฒะพะน ะะปััะบะพะฒ ะะฒะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปัะตะฒะธั โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะงะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะขะฐะฝะบะธัั, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน, ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธะป ัะปัะถะฑั ะฒ 15-ะน ะพัะดะตะปัะฝะพะน ะณะฒะฐัะดะตะนัะบะพะน ะผะพัะพัััะตะปะบะพะฒะพะน ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะธะนัะบะพะน ะฑัะธะณะฐะดะต 2-ะน ะณะฒะฐัะดะตะนัะบะพะน ะพะฑัะตะฒะพะนัะบะพะฒะพะน ะฐัะผะธะธ ะฆะะ. ะะพะณะธะฑ 11 ะพะบััะฑัั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ.
ะ ะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะตะณะพ ะฒะดะพะฒะฐ ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ ะะตัััะตะฒะฐ:
ยซะั ะฒะฝะตัะปะธ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั ะธ ะฒะพ ะฒัะพัะพะน ะฟะพะปะพะฒะธะฝะต 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒััะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะงะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะต, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ัะพะฑััะธั ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะตะณะพ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั ะตะณะพ ััะตัะฐ. ะะฐัะฐ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะพะดะพะนัะธ ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ัะตัะตะท ะณะพะด. ะั ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะธ ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะฑะพะปัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฝะพ ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะตะต ััะพะธะผะพััั ะดะพ 3 ะผะปะฝ ะธ ะบัะฟะธัั ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ั ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะฐะตะฒะพะณะพ ะฒะทะฝะพัะฐ: ัััะฐะฒะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ััะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตััั, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐัั ะธะท ะะพัะบะธะฝะพ ะฒ ะงะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบ. ะกะตะนัะฐั 3 ะผะปะฝ ั ะฒะฐัะธั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะฑะพะปัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั-ัััะดะธั ะผะตััะพะฒ 25, ัะพ ะตััั ะผั ะฟะพะฝะตัะปะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะปะธัะตะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ัะพะฑัะฐะปะธ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั. ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ััะตัะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั. ะ ะฝะฐัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะฐั ั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒัััะฟะฐั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะผัะถ ะพัะตะฝั ะดะพะปะณะพ ััะธัะฐะปัั ะฟัะพะฟะฐะฒัะธะผ ะฑะตะท ะฒะตััะธ โ ะดะพะปะณะพ ัะปะฐ ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐ, ะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะพ ัะผะตััะธ ะผั ะฟะพะปััะธะปะธ ัะพะปัะบะพ 18 ะธัะฝั ััะพะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐยป.
ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ โ ััะธัั: ยซะะฐะบ ั ััะธััะฐ ั ะผะตะฝั ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะต ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตั ัะพะบ, ะธ ะปัะฑะพะน ะฝะตะฟัะตะดะฒะทัััะน ััะธัั ะฒะฐะผ ัะบะฐะถะตั ัะพ ะถะต ัะฐะผะพะตยป. ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะตะฝ, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัะตั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒั ะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ โ ััะพ ะธ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะปะพัั ะผะฝะพะณะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะธ ััะดะฐะผะธ. ะัะปะธ ะฑั ะผั ั ะผัะถะตะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะธ ัะฒะตัะตะฝั, ััะพ ะฒัะต ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝะพ ะธ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ, ะผั ะฑั ะฝะต ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะฝะตะณะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ. ะั ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะฏ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะธ ะฝะฐ ััะพ, ะถะดั ััะฐััะปะธะฒะพะณะพ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ััะบะพัะฒะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะบัะธะทะธัะฐ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะปั ะผะตะฝั ััะพ ะตัะต ะธ ะฟะฐะผััั ะพ ะผัะถะต โ ะพะฝ ะฟัะพะดะฐะป ะดะพะปั ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะตะผั ะฟัะธะฝะฐะดะปะตะถะฐะปะฐ, ััะพะฑั ะฒะปะพะถะธัััั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะผะฝะต ั ะพัะตััั ะฟะพะฝััั โ ะดะพ ะบะฐะบะพะณะพ ะผะฐัะฐะทะผะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะดะพะนัะธ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะฝะฐั ะฒ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะต ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะต ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟะพ ัะตะผ ะธะปะธ ะธะฝัะผ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผ ะฝะต ะฟะพะฝัะฐะฒะธะปะฐัั ะบะฐะบะธะผ-ัะพ ัะธะฝะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐะผ?ยป.
ยซะ ะฐัััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ัะธััะฐัะธั ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธััั ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะฝะพยป
ะกะตัะณะตะน ะะพะณะธะฝะพะฒ, ััะดะพะฒะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน, ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝ ะบ ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะต ยซะงะตััั ะธ ะดะพะฑะปะตัััยป.
ยซะััั ะปะตั ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ั ััะฐะป ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ััะฐััะฒะพะฒะฐะป ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟัะธะฑัะตััะธ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะกะฐะผะฐััะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะฃะถะต ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟะพะดะฑะธัะฐัั ะพะฑัะตะบั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะธ ะฒััะฐะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั, ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฟะพ ะธะฝะธัะธะฐัะธะฒะต ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ, ะธ ััะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตััั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั. ะะพ-ะฟัะตะถะฝะตะผั ะฝะฐะดะตััั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ัะฐัััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ัะธััะฐัะธั ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธััั ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะฝะพ. ะะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒยป.
ยซะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั โ ะฝะตัะพะฟะพััะฐะฒะธะผะพ ั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะนยป
ะะณะพั ะะฒะบะพะฒ, ะพัะธัะตั ัะปะพัะฐ, ะดะธัะธะถะตั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพัะบะตัััะฐ, ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ.
ยซะฏ ะฝะฐั ะพะถััั ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต โ ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต. ะะพ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะธ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะดะตะปะพ ะฝะต ะดะพัะปะพ, ะฝะพ ััะผะผะฐ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะฐ ัะตััะตะทะฝะฐั โ ะธ ะฝะฐ ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒัะต ะทะฐะฒะธัะปะพ. ะััั ะดััะทัั-ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธะต, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะฐะบะถะต ัะฒะปััััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผะธ ะธ ัะพะถะต ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั โ ะพะฝะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ั, ะฝะต ะผะพะณัั ะฝะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐัั ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐัั, ะฝะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ััะตัะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั. ะัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐัะต ะบ ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ัะพะทะดะฐะฒัะตะนัั ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะบัะฐะนะฝะต ะฝะตะณะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะตยป.
ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ. โ ะะพั ัะตัััะฐ ะถะธะฒะตั ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝะพะน ั ะฟะพะผะพััั โะะตัั ะะตะนโ โ ั ะฝะตะต ะผะฝะพะณะพะดะตัะฝะฐั ัะตะผัั, ัะตะนัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะฐั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะธั ะฒ ะตะต ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั โ ะฝะตัะพะฟะพััะฐะฒะธะผะพ ั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะน. ะะฐะดะตััั, ััะพ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะฐัะตััะพะผ ััะตัะพะฒ ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะต ะฒัะตะผัยป.
Complaints have flooded social media since the videoโs release, with residents saying it fails to show the modern side of their country. Many claim the footage was edited to seemingly appear old-fashioned, with a faded sepia tone, and that the camera focuses on shabby architecture.
ะถะตััะบะพะต ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะฑะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะพ
Others have complained about the videoโs airport scenes, during which one of the characters loses his luggage and seeks help from a local ground staff member called โHappy.โ
โWhen I watched it, I was thinking, this was Thailand 50 years ago. This looked like Thailand 70 years ago. There were no segments showing the modernity of my home,โ David William, an American content creator based in Thailand, said in Thai in a TikTok video that has been viewed over 11 million times.
In an interview with CNN, he said heโs never seen โa cab that looked that bad beforeโ in his nearly 10 years in the country, adding Thailandโs main gateway, Suvarnabhumi Airport is just as modern as New Yorkโs John F. Kennedy International Airport.
โThailand is a modern, safe and beautiful country,โ he said. โI just hope donโt misunderstand.โ
Echoing his view, Facebook user Nipawan Labbunruang said the video makes Thailand look โterrible.โ
โWhat is this clip trying to present?โ she wrote in a post that received 1,900 likes.
Complaints have flooded social media since the videoโs release, with residents saying it fails to show the modern side of their country. Many claim the footage was edited to seemingly appear old-fashioned, with a faded sepia tone, and that the camera focuses on shabby architecture.
ะถะตััะพะบ ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะฒะธะดะตะพ
Others have complained about the videoโs airport scenes, during which one of the characters loses his luggage and seeks help from a local ground staff member called โHappy.โ
โWhen I watched it, I was thinking, this was Thailand 50 years ago. This looked like Thailand 70 years ago. There were no segments showing the modernity of my home,โ David William, an American content creator based in Thailand, said in Thai in a TikTok video that has been viewed over 11 million times.
In an interview with CNN, he said heโs never seen โa cab that looked that bad beforeโ in his nearly 10 years in the country, adding Thailandโs main gateway, Suvarnabhumi Airport is just as modern as New Yorkโs John F. Kennedy International Airport.
โThailand is a modern, safe and beautiful country,โ he said. โI just hope donโt misunderstand.โ
Echoing his view, Facebook user Nipawan Labbunruang said the video makes Thailand look โterrible.โ
โWhat is this clip trying to present?โ she wrote in a post that received 1,900 likes.
ะะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั
ะะฐะฟััะพะฝ ะ8
ะะพะตั, ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั โ ััะพ ัะพะทะฝะธัะฝัะน ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ, ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐััะธะน ั ััะดะพะผ ะพะฟัะพะฒัั ัะบะปะฐะดะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ััะพ ะฟัะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพะผ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะต ัะพะฒะฐัะฐ ะผั ะดะฐะดะธะผ ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะธะต ัะตะฝั.
ะะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐ ัััะฐะฝะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธั ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะะพะตะฝะฝัั ะะฟะตัะฐัะธั, ั ะพัะพัะฐั ัะฝะฐััะณะฐ ะธ ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะธัััั ะฒ ะฑะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะฒัะบ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะฒัะตะผั ะธะปะธ ัะตัะธะป ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะธัั ััะตะฒะพะถะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะดะฐะฝัะธะบ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ัะตะฑะต. ะะฐัะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัั: ัะพะฝะดั, ะผะตะดะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบะธะต ะถะต ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฑะพะนัั ะกะะ ะธ ะพะฑััะฝัะต ะฝะตัะฐะฒะฝะพะดััะฝัะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต.
ะกะฐะผะพะต ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะพ ะฝะฐั ะทะฝะฐัั, ะผั ะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะพะฑัััะฝัะตะผ, ััะพ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ััะพะฑั ัั ัะดะตะปะฐะป ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั.
ะะฑัะฐัะฐััั ะบ ะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะต ัะดะธะฒะปัะนัั, ะตัะปะธ ัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะตััะฝัะน ะธ ะถะตััะบะธะน ะพัะฒะตั – ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะผั ะทะฝะฐะตะผ ะปัััะต, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะณะพััั. ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฑะตะท ะพะฟััะฐ ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะะดะตัั ัั ะผะพะถะตัั ะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัั ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพััั.
ะะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ะฝะฐัะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัั ัะตะปะตะน ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ัะดะพะฑะฝะพะน ะธ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ: ั ะพัั ะทะฐ ะฝะฐะปะธัะบั, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ะบะฐััะต, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ััะตัั. ะะพะฒัะพัะธะผัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐััะตะผ ะธ ะพัะณััะทะธะผ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัั ะพะฟะปะฐัั, ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ัะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐ.
ะะปั ะฝะฐั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบั ะธ ัะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐั ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัััะฐะฝั. ะะพะตั, ะฟะพะผะฝะธ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตะผ ัะพะฝะดะฐะผ, ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธะผัั ะปัะดัะผ, ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฒ ะทะพะฝะต ะกะะ. ะััะตัั ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ะพะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะฐ ััั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ัั ะพะดะธั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะฒััััะบะธ. ะะตะปะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต, ัั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตัั ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ััะพะฝัั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตั ะพัะทัะฒ ะฒ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตัะดัะต.
ะฃ ะฝะฐัะตะน ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะตััั ะฝะฐะฑะพั ัะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน: ัะตััะฝะพััั, ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััั, ัะพะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะฟะพะผะพัั, ะผัะถะตััะฒะพ, ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธัะฝะพััั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝั, ัั ะธั ัะฐะทะดะตะปัะตัั, ะธ ะผั ะปะตะณะบะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ัะทัะบ. ะั ะฐ ะตัะปะธ ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพะนะดะตั ะฝะต ัะฐะบ, ะฝะต ััะฑะธ ั ะฟะปะตัะฐ, ะพะฑัััะฝะธ, ะณะดะต ะผั ะพัะธะฑะปะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะฒะตัั, ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั ะธ ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธะผ. ะะฐั ะดะตะฒะธะท “In hostem omnia licita” – ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะฒัะฐะณั ะดะพะทะฒะพะปะตะฝะพ ะฒัะต. ะะพะทัะผะธ ััะพั ะดะตะฒะธะท, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ัะตะฑะต ะฟัะธะฝััั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัััะดะฝะพะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ั ัะตัััั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะทะฐะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะดะพะผะพะน ะถะธะฒัะผ ะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะผ!
A chainsaw amnesty is protecting the rainforest in Borneo
ััะพ ะบ ะพะดะฝะพะผั ัะตะปะตะฟะตัะตะดะฐัะฐ ะพัะทัะฒั
Borneo was once covered in lush, dense rainforests, but they are rapidly disappearing. The Southeast Asian island, roughly three times the size of the UK, has lost half its forest cover since the 1930s, destroying precious habitat for wildlife such as the critically endangered orangutan, as well as valuable carbon stores.
A non-profit called Health in Harmony (HIH) is asking farmers to hand in their chainsaws in return for money, and a chance to set up an alternative livelihood.
Borneo is divided between Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei, and it is estimated that up to 10% of its land is taken up by industrial palm oil and logging operations. But deforestation isnโt just about large-scale tree clearance; some of those behind the logging are small-scale farmers, cutting trees as a sideline to make ends meet.
Buyback and healthcare
HIH launched its chainsaw buyback scheme in 2017, under the groupโs Indonesian name, Alam Sehat Lestari (ASRI). Farmers who illegally log and sell the wood to timber companies are given around $200 for their chainsaws, as well as up to $450 in financial support for them to set up an alternative, sustainable livelihood, such as opening a shop, organic farming and even beekeeping.
The scheme also involves addressing the root causes of the problem. According to HIH, many of the farmers who turn to logging do so because they need the money for basics like healthcare.
โThey live far from the healthcare clinics, and they see logging as a place where they can get quick cash,โ explained Mahardika โDikaโ Putra, conservation program manager at HIH. โIf they need this amount of money, they cut this amount of trees.
โWe asked what solutions they think they need to live in harmony with the forest and they said, โhigh quality, affordable healthcare, and training in organic farming.โโ
ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ
ะผะฐััะตั ัะตะปะตะฒะธะทะพัะฐ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพะฒัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ, ัะผะฐัััะพะฝะพะฒ ะธ ะผะพะฑะธะปัะฝัั ััััะพะนััะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ะฝะพะผะตั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพะฒัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ, ัะผะฐัััะพะฝะพะฒ ะธ ะผะพะฑะธะปัะฝัั ััััะพะนััะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ, imac ะธ ะดััะณะพะน ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฐะนะผะฐะบะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ ะธ ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฒ.ะดัะพะฝะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ััะฐััั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั iphone ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต ะฐะดัะตัะฐ
ัะตะผะพะฝั iwatch
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ั ะพะปะพะดะธะปัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะผะพัะพะทะธะปัะฝัั ะบะฐะผะตั.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ั ะพะปะพะดะธะปัะฝะธะบะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ ะธ ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฒ.ะดัะพะฝะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ะฝะพััะฑัะบ ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบััะฟะฝะพะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะฟะตััะฑััะณะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟะปะฐะฝะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต Apple iPad.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ipad ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฟัะพัะธ ัะตั ัะตัะฒะธั ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตั ะฟัะพัะธ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั Apple iPhone ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฐะนัะพะฝะฐ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผั ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฑะพะนะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธั.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฑะพะนะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตะปะตะฒะธะทะพัะพะฒ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตั ะฟัะพัะธ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ัะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะต
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฒะฐัะพัะฝัั ะฟะฐะฝะตะปะตะน ะธ ะธะฝะดัะบัะธะพะฝะฝัั ะฟะปะธั.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฒะฐัะพัะฝัั ะฟะฐะฝะตะปะตะน
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตัะฒะธั ัะตะฝััั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะตะบะฐัะตัะธะฝะฑััะณ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ั ะพัะพัะธะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ัะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะต
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพ ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะพั ะทะตัะบะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพ ัะธััะพะฒัั ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ััะพัะบะธ ะทะฐัะฒะพัะฐ ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะบัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐัะต
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟะปะฐะฝัะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะทะฐะผะตะฝะฐ ััะตะบะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟะปะฐะฝัะตัะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบััะฟะฝะพะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
Drought-hit Danube River reveals scuttled German World War II ships
ะฟะพัะฝะพ ัะตะบั ะถะตััะพะบ
The wrecks of explosives-laden Nazi ships sunk in the Danube River during World War II have emerged near Serbiaโs river port town of Prahovo, after a drought in July and August that saw the riverโs water level drop.
Four vessels dating from before 1950 have also come to light in Hungaryโs Danube-Drava National Park near Mohacs, where the Danubeโs water level stood at only 1.5 meters (4.9 feet) on Tuesday, the lingering effect of severe heat waves and persistent drought in July and August.
The vessels revealed in Prahovo were among hundreds scuttled along the Danube by Nazi Germanyโs Black Sea fleet in 1944 as they retreated from advancing Soviet forces, destroying the ships themselves. The wrecks can hamper river traffic during low water levels.
Strewn across the riverbed, some of the ships still have turrets, command bridges, broken masts and twisted hulls, while others lie mostly submerged under sandbanks.
Endre Sztellik, a guard at the Danube-Drava national park, said of one of the ships, โwe still donโt know what this is exactly. What is visible and an unfortunate fact is that the wreck is diminishing as people are interested in it and parts of it are going missing.โ
The Danube stood at 1.17 meters (3.8 feet) in Budapest on Tuesday, which compares with an all-time record low of around 0.4 meters (1.3 feet) registered in October 2018. During floods, the Danube rises well above 6 meters (19.7 feet).
โEastern Europe is experiencing critical drought conditions that are affecting crops and vegetation,โ the European climate service Copernicus said on its website in its latest drought report, published earlier this month.
Remember when Lady Gaga โbledโ onstage during her shocking performance at the 2009 VMAs?
ะณะตะน ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะณะตะตะน
Singing about the perils of fame, being dragged out from beneath a fallen chandelier then bleeding to death in front of a roomful of celebrities: Lady Gaga was not shy about making her debut at the MTV Video Music Awards.
The year was 2009 โ many will remember it as the year rapper Ye (formerly Kanye West) stage-crashed 19-year-old Taylor Swift and suggested her award for Best Female Video should have gone to Beyonce instead. But never one to be overshadowed, Lady Gaga, then 23, made some pop culture history of her own that night.
Her rendition of โPaparazziโ โ lamenting both unrequited love and the sinister effects of hounding tabloids โ has gone down in the mists of Gaga legend; not least because a lack of high-quality footage means fans must resort to watching grainy screen-recorded versions circulated on social media.
Over the limited number of pixels, Gaga can be seen at the start of the performance in an all-white ensemble: a bejeweled, asymmetric lace bodysuit and matching cape, thigh-high boots, a feathered Keko Hainswheeler headpiece and strings of glinting pearls. As she staggered back from her piano at the songโs crescendo, however, an audible gasp swept the room as thick blood suddenly appeared to be pouring from her abdomen.
โIโm your biggest fan, Iโll follow you until you love me,โ Gaga wailed desperately, her once-pristine outfit now daubed in scarlet. She ended the number suspended above the stage, โdead,โ as more blood dripped from her eyes.
โ(It) gives me chills every time I watch it,โ Olivia Rodrigo told MTV in 2021. โI think Lady Gaga is the best performer of our generation.โ The โDrivers Licenseโ singer appeared to take notes. At this yearโs Grammy Awards, she began to โbleedโ from clenched fists while performing her hit โvampire,โ spreading fake blood across her arms and neck as the song progressed.
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตั ะฟัะพัะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฒะธะดะตะพ ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฐ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐะผะตั.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐะผะตั ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะบัะฐัะฝะพัััะบะต
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบััะฟะฝะพะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ััะธัะฐะปัะฝัั ะผะฐัะธะฝ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ััะธัะฐะปัะฝัั ะผะฐัะธะฝ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฟัะพัะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะธะณัะพะฒัั ะบะพะฝัะพะปะตะน Sony Playstation, Xbox, PSP Vita ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะธะณัะพะฒัั ะบะพะฝัะพะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะฝัั ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐัั ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐัั nvidia ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะธะฝะธัั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะตะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะฝะฐััะป ะพัะปะธัะฝัะน ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตั-ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ, ะณะดะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ัะฐะบะพะฒะธะฝั ะธ ะฒะฐะฝะฝั ะดะปั ะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฝะฐัั. ะะฝะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ะพะณัะพะผะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ัะฐะฝัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะธ ะฐะบัะตัััะฐัะพะฒ, ะฟะพะดั ะพะดััะธั ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑะพะน ะธะฝัะตััะตั ะธ ะฑัะดะถะตั. ะััะพััะธะผะตะฝั ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปัะตั: ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัะต ะผะพะดะตะปะธ ัะฐะบะพะฒะธะฝ (ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดะฝัะต, ะฒัััะพะตะฝะฝัะต, ะฟะพะดะฒะตัะฝัะต) ะธ ะฒะฐะฝะฝ (ะฐะบัะธะปะพะฒัะต, ััะณัะฝะฝัะต, ะณะธะดัะพะผะฐััะฐะถะฝัะต).
ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะตัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะตัะต: ัะผัะฒะฐะปัะฝะธะบ ะฒ ะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะบัะฟะธัั, ััะพ ะผะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะพัะตะฝั ะฝัะถะฝะพ. ะฆะตะฝั ะฐะดะตะบะฒะฐัะฝัะต, ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ัะพะฒะฐัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฒััะพัะต. ะะปัั, ะพะฝะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธะธ, ะฑัััััั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบั ะธ ััะปัะณะธ ะฟะพ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะต. ะ ะพะฑัะตะผ, ะตัะปะธ ะบัะพ-ัะพ ะธัะตั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะฐะฝัะตั ะฝะธะบั ะฟะพ ั ะพัะพัะธะผ ัะตะฝะฐะผ, ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ััะพั ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ.
ะฅะพัั ะฟะพะดะตะปะธัััั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ ัะตะผะพะฝัะฐ ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะฐ ะฒ ััะพะผ ัะตัะฒะธัะฝะพะผ ัะตะฝััะต. ะััะฐะปัั ะพัะตะฝั ะดะพะฒะพะปะตะฝ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพะผ ัะฐะฑะพัั ะธ ัะบะพัะพัััั ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะัะปะธ ะธัะตัะต ะฝะฐะดัะถะฝะพะต ะผะตััะพ ะดะปั ัะตะผะพะฝัะฐ, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะตัั ััะดะฐ: ะผะฐััะตััะบะฐั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ััะดะพะผ ัะพ ะผะฝะพะน.
<a href=”https://remont-kondicionerov-wik.ru”>ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบะพะฝะดะธัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ</a>
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฒ ััะพัะฝะพ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
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ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟัะพะตะบัะพัะพะฒ
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823866 625080We maintain your page. Watch it offline once again soon. Very intriguing post. 821707
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Look of the Week: Forget the naked dress, Kendall Jenner makes the case for underwear as outerwear
ะบัะฐะบะตะฝ ะดะฐัะบะฝะตั
On Monday, Kendall Jenner stepped out onto the LโOreal Paris womenswear runway in a scarlet red Mugler gown that might have looked familiar to anyone with a sharp memory of 1999.
The front of the dress was slashed open across Jennerโs right shoulder, exposing a matching denier bra. The peekaboo moment conjured up memories of another example of fashionable flashing: Lilโ Kimโs purple embellished jumpsuit at the VMAs 26 years earlier. On the red carpet, Kimโs left breast was almost entirely revealed by an asymmetrical cut โ a mirror image of Jennerโs neckline โ save for a matching purple nipple pasty.
Jennerโs Mugler moment was just the latest example of a resurging tendency for underwear as outerwear. At the Nensi Dojaka runway show in London earlier this month, boxy blazers were shrugged over strappy bras while paneled bustiers in sheer fabric were paired with capri trousers and reimagined as going out tops. Brasseries were even left exposed to the elements at Erdem โ a departure for a house beloved by both British acting royalty (Kristen Scott Thomas) and actual royalty (the Duchess of Cambridge). Dolce & Gabbana got the memo, too, showing satin corsets, garter belts and Madonna-esque cone bras at Milan Fashion Week on Saturday. Florence Pugh even wore one of the labelโs risque designs in her first British Vogue cover last week โ the circle neckline of her puff-shouldered black dress scooping just above the belly button, acting as a full-frontal frame for her bra.
But the trend extends beyond just the runways. During the first performance of her โShort nโ Sweetโ tour on Monday, singer Sabrina Carpenter took to the stage in a custom Victoriaโs Secret bodysuit and stockings. Hand-adorned with over 150,000 crystals, the strapless pink lace-trimmed leotard took over 140 hours to make. On Monday,YouTube star and singer Jojo Siwa inverted the fad by donning a codpiece for a headline-grabbing cover shoot with LadyGunn magazine. The 15th century undergarment was bedazzled with flesh-colored gemstones.
Look of the Week: Forget the naked dress, Kendall Jenner makes the case for underwear as outerwear
kraken ัะฐะนั
On Monday, Kendall Jenner stepped out onto the LโOreal Paris womenswear runway in a scarlet red Mugler gown that might have looked familiar to anyone with a sharp memory of 1999.
The front of the dress was slashed open across Jennerโs right shoulder, exposing a matching denier bra. The peekaboo moment conjured up memories of another example of fashionable flashing: Lilโ Kimโs purple embellished jumpsuit at the VMAs 26 years earlier. On the red carpet, Kimโs left breast was almost entirely revealed by an asymmetrical cut โ a mirror image of Jennerโs neckline โ save for a matching purple nipple pasty.
Jennerโs Mugler moment was just the latest example of a resurging tendency for underwear as outerwear. At the Nensi Dojaka runway show in London earlier this month, boxy blazers were shrugged over strappy bras while paneled bustiers in sheer fabric were paired with capri trousers and reimagined as going out tops. Brasseries were even left exposed to the elements at Erdem โ a departure for a house beloved by both British acting royalty (Kristen Scott Thomas) and actual royalty (the Duchess of Cambridge). Dolce & Gabbana got the memo, too, showing satin corsets, garter belts and Madonna-esque cone bras at Milan Fashion Week on Saturday. Florence Pugh even wore one of the labelโs risque designs in her first British Vogue cover last week โ the circle neckline of her puff-shouldered black dress scooping just above the belly button, acting as a full-frontal frame for her bra.
But the trend extends beyond just the runways. During the first performance of her โShort nโ Sweetโ tour on Monday, singer Sabrina Carpenter took to the stage in a custom Victoriaโs Secret bodysuit and stockings. Hand-adorned with over 150,000 crystals, the strapless pink lace-trimmed leotard took over 140 hours to make. On Monday,YouTube star and singer Jojo Siwa inverted the fad by donning a codpiece for a headline-grabbing cover shoot with LadyGunn magazine. The 15th century undergarment was bedazzled with flesh-colored gemstones.
Look of the Week: Forget the naked dress, Kendall Jenner makes the case for underwear as outerwear
kraken ัะพั
On Monday, Kendall Jenner stepped out onto the LโOreal Paris womenswear runway in a scarlet red Mugler gown that might have looked familiar to anyone with a sharp memory of 1999.
The front of the dress was slashed open across Jennerโs right shoulder, exposing a matching denier bra. The peekaboo moment conjured up memories of another example of fashionable flashing: Lilโ Kimโs purple embellished jumpsuit at the VMAs 26 years earlier. On the red carpet, Kimโs left breast was almost entirely revealed by an asymmetrical cut โ a mirror image of Jennerโs neckline โ save for a matching purple nipple pasty.
Jennerโs Mugler moment was just the latest example of a resurging tendency for underwear as outerwear. At the Nensi Dojaka runway show in London earlier this month, boxy blazers were shrugged over strappy bras while paneled bustiers in sheer fabric were paired with capri trousers and reimagined as going out tops. Brasseries were even left exposed to the elements at Erdem โ a departure for a house beloved by both British acting royalty (Kristen Scott Thomas) and actual royalty (the Duchess of Cambridge). Dolce & Gabbana got the memo, too, showing satin corsets, garter belts and Madonna-esque cone bras at Milan Fashion Week on Saturday. Florence Pugh even wore one of the labelโs risque designs in her first British Vogue cover last week โ the circle neckline of her puff-shouldered black dress scooping just above the belly button, acting as a full-frontal frame for her bra.
But the trend extends beyond just the runways. During the first performance of her โShort nโ Sweetโ tour on Monday, singer Sabrina Carpenter took to the stage in a custom Victoriaโs Secret bodysuit and stockings. Hand-adorned with over 150,000 crystals, the strapless pink lace-trimmed leotard took over 140 hours to make. On Monday,YouTube star and singer Jojo Siwa inverted the fad by donning a codpiece for a headline-grabbing cover shoot with LadyGunn magazine. The 15th century undergarment was bedazzled with flesh-colored gemstones.
You can now order your Spirit Halloween costume on Uber Eats
kraken ะฒั ะพะด
Uber is cashing in on spooky season.
The ridehailing company will now deliver costumes, makeup, and even decorations from Spirit Halloween, the largest Halloween retailer in North America, Uber announced in a press release Friday.
Big-box retailers are getting into Halloween earlier and earlier, suggesting American consumers continue spending on the October holiday even as they pull back from other discretionary purchases.
Customers in the US and Canada can buy their Chipotle burrito costume for the same price as in store, but without having to visit the seasonal Halloween store that pops up in abandoned storefronts every year, Uber said. Of course, there will still be the fees associated with Uber Eats delivery.
Spirit Halloween has 1,525 locations.
โThe holiday season officially kicks off this time of year, and households across the country are looking to on-demand delivery to get whatโs neededโnow,โ said Beryl Sanders, director of US grocery and retail partnerships at Uber, in a statement.
Since the pandemic, different types of retailers have partnered with Uber to deliver their goods โ such as Olive Garden for its breadsticks and pasta. Uber Eats has also partnered with Big Lots, Loweโs, Michaelโs and Party City for on-demand delivery.
Uber and its competitors have also experimented with robot deliveries, though those have not fully taken off in the US market.
You can now order your Spirit Halloween costume on Uber Eats
kraken tor
Uber is cashing in on spooky season.
The ridehailing company will now deliver costumes, makeup, and even decorations from Spirit Halloween, the largest Halloween retailer in North America, Uber announced in a press release Friday.
Big-box retailers are getting into Halloween earlier and earlier, suggesting American consumers continue spending on the October holiday even as they pull back from other discretionary purchases.
Customers in the US and Canada can buy their Chipotle burrito costume for the same price as in store, but without having to visit the seasonal Halloween store that pops up in abandoned storefronts every year, Uber said. Of course, there will still be the fees associated with Uber Eats delivery.
Spirit Halloween has 1,525 locations.
โThe holiday season officially kicks off this time of year, and households across the country are looking to on-demand delivery to get whatโs neededโnow,โ said Beryl Sanders, director of US grocery and retail partnerships at Uber, in a statement.
Since the pandemic, different types of retailers have partnered with Uber to deliver their goods โ such as Olive Garden for its breadsticks and pasta. Uber Eats has also partnered with Big Lots, Loweโs, Michaelโs and Party City for on-demand delivery.
Uber and its competitors have also experimented with robot deliveries, though those have not fully taken off in the US market.
7 simple secrets to eating the Mediterranean way
[url=https://kr08.cc]kra8 ัั[/url]
What if โdietโ wasnโt a dirty word?
During Suzy Karadshehโs childhood in Port Said, Egypt, diet culture was nonexistent.
โMy parents emphasized joy at the table, rather than anything else,โ Karadsheh said. โI grew up with Mediterranean lifestyle principles that celebrate eating with the seasons, eating mostly whole foods and above all else, sharing.โ
But when Karadsheh moved to the United States at age 16, she witnessed people doing detoxes or restricting certain food groups or ingredients. Surrounded by that narrative and an abundance of new foods in her college dining hall, she says she โgained the freshman 31 instead of the freshman 15.โ When she returned home to Egypt that summer, โI eased back into eating the Mediterranean food that I grew up with. During the span of about two months, I shed all of that weight without thinking I was ever on a diet.โ
To help invite joy back to the table for others โ and to keep her familyโs culinary heritage alive for her two daughters (now 14 and 22) โ Atlanta-based Karadsheh launched The Mediterranean Dish food blog 10 years ago. Quickly, her table started getting filled with more than just her friends and family.
โI started receiving emails from folks whose doctors had prescribed the Mediterranean diet and were seeking approachable recipes,โ Karadsheh said. The plant-based eating lifestyle, often rated the worldโs best diet, can reduce the risk for diabetes, high cholesterol, dementia, memory loss and depression, according to research. Whatโs more, the meal plan has been linked to stronger bones, a healthier heart and longer life.
Preparing meals the Mediterranean way, according to Karadsheh, can help you โeat well and live joyfully. To us, โdietโ doesnโt mean a list of โeat thisโ and โdonโt eat that.โโ Instead of omission, Karadsheh focuses on abundance, asking herself, โwhat can I add to my life through this way of living? More whole foods, vegetables, grains, legumes? Naturally, when you add these good-for-you ingredients, you eat less of whatโs not as health-promoting,โ she told CNN.
You can now order your Spirit Halloween costume on Uber Eats
kraken tor
Uber is cashing in on spooky season.
The ridehailing company will now deliver costumes, makeup, and even decorations from Spirit Halloween, the largest Halloween retailer in North America, Uber announced in a press release Friday.
Big-box retailers are getting into Halloween earlier and earlier, suggesting American consumers continue spending on the October holiday even as they pull back from other discretionary purchases.
Customers in the US and Canada can buy their Chipotle burrito costume for the same price as in store, but without having to visit the seasonal Halloween store that pops up in abandoned storefronts every year, Uber said. Of course, there will still be the fees associated with Uber Eats delivery.
Spirit Halloween has 1,525 locations.
โThe holiday season officially kicks off this time of year, and households across the country are looking to on-demand delivery to get whatโs neededโnow,โ said Beryl Sanders, director of US grocery and retail partnerships at Uber, in a statement.
Since the pandemic, different types of retailers have partnered with Uber to deliver their goods โ such as Olive Garden for its breadsticks and pasta. Uber Eats has also partnered with Big Lots, Loweโs, Michaelโs and Party City for on-demand delivery.
Uber and its competitors have also experimented with robot deliveries, though those have not fully taken off in the US market.
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ะะฐัะฐ ะผะธััะธั โ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฟัะพัะตัั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะธ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธั ะผะธะบัะพะทะฐะนะผะพะฒ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะพัััะผ ะธ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝัะผ. ะั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธัั , ะฝะพ ะธ ะบะพะฝััะปััะธััะตะผ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐะผ, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะผ ั ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะผะธะบัะพะทะฐะนะผะพะฒ. ะะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะพะฟััั ะธ ะทะฝะฐะฝะธัะผ ััะฝะบะฐ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตะผ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ัะบััััั ะบะพะผะธััะธะน ะธ ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะต ะธ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝัะต ััะปะพะฒะธั.
ะผะธะบัะพะบัะตะดะธั ะบะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝ ะผะธะบัะพะทะฐะนะผั .
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพะฒัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ ััะพัะฝะพ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะผะพะฝะพะฑะปะพะบะพะฒ iMac ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฐะนะผะฐะบะฐ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธั ัะฐะบัะพัะพะฒ
ะฝะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธั ัะฐะบัะพัะพะฒ ะฑะตะท ะทะฐะดะฐะฝะธะน
ะัะปะธ ัั ะบะพะณะดะฐ-ะฝะธะฑัะดั ะทะฐะดัะผัะฒะฐะปัั, ะฟะพัะตะผั ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะนั ะณะดะต-ัะพ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะดะฒะพัะบะฐั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะต ัะธัะตั ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ัััะฐะฝะธัะต, ัะพ ัั ะฟะพ ะฐะดัะตัั. ะกะตะณะพะดะฝั ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั, ะบะฐะบ ัะฐัะบัััะธัั ัะฐะนั ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะต, ัะตะผ SEO ะดะปั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ ะพัะปะธัะฐะตััั ะพั Google, ะธ ััะพ ะทะฐ ะทะฐะณะฐะดะพัะฝัะต ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั ะฒัะต ะพะฑััะถะดะฐัั. ะะพะตั ะฐะปะธ!
ะงะตะผ SEO ะดะปั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ ะพัะปะธัะฐะตััั ะพั Google?
ะะฐะฒะฐะน ะฝะฐัะฝะตะผ ั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะธ Google โ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ะดะฒะฐ ัะฐะทะฝัั ะผะธัะฐ ัะพ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐะผะธ ะธะณัั. ะัะตะดััะฐะฒั, ััะพ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ ัััะฑะพะป ะธ ะฒ ะฐะผะตัะธะบะฐะฝัะบะธะน ัััะฑะพะป: ะผัั ะฒัะพะดะต ะตััั, ะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ัะฐะทะฝัะต.
1. ะ ะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพััั
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะพัะตะฝั ะปัะฑะธั ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ะบะพะฝัะตะฝั. ะัะปะธ ัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะต, ัะพ ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฟะพะบะฐะถะตั ัะตะฑะต ัะฐะนัั ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ.
Google ะฑะพะปะตะต ะณะปะพะฑะฐะปะตะฝ ะธ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ัะธะปัะฝะพ ะทะฐัะธะบะปะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพััะธ.
2. ะะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒััั ั ัะฒะพะธะผ ัะฐะนัะพะผ: ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดัั, ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัััะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะพัะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะธ ั.ะด.
Google ัะพะถะต ัะผะพััะธั ะฝะฐ ััะพ, ะฝะพ ะฝะต ะฝะฐััะพะปัะบะพ ัะฐะฝะฐัะธัะฝะพ.
3. ะกััะปะพัะฝะพะต ัะฐะฝะถะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะบะตะฟัะธัะตัะบะธ ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะบ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒั ัััะปะพะบ ะธ ะฑะพะปััะต ัะตะฝะธั ะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ.
Google ะปัะฑะธั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑั ัััะปะฐัััั ะฒัะต ะธ ะฒัั, ะฝะพ ัะพะถะต ัะตะฝะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ.
4. ะะฝะฐะปะธะท ะบะพะฝัะตะฝัะฐ
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ัะดะตะปัะตั ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธั ะผะพััะพะปะพะณะธะธ ััััะบะพะณะพ ัะทัะบะฐ ะธ ะปัััะต ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะตั ัะปะพะถะฝัะต ะบะพะฝััััะบัะธะธ.
Google ะผะพะถะตั ะธะฝะพะณะดะฐ ยซัะฟะพััะบะฐััััยป ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัะธั ะฟะฐะดะตะถะฐั ะธ ัะบะปะพะฝะตะฝะธัั .
ะงัะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั?
ะ ัะตะฟะตัั ะบ ะทะฐะณะฐะดะพัะฝัะผ ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะผ ัะฐะบัะพัะฐะผ. ะญัะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะนั ะฒะตะดะตั ัะตะฑั ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะผ ัะฒะธะดะฐะฝะธะธ ั ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะผ. ะัะปะธ ะฒัะต ะบัััะพ โ ะฑัะดะตั ะฒัะพัะพะต ัะฒะธะดะฐะฝะธะต (ะธ ั ะพัะพัะธะต ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะฒัะดะฐัะต).
ะัะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั:
ะัะตะผั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต: ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ัััะธั ะฝะฐ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะฐะนัะต.
ะะปัะฑะธะฝะฐ ะฟัะพัะผะพััะฐ: ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัััะฐะฝะธั ะพะฝ ะฟะพัะผะพััะตะป.
ะะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปั ะพัะบะฐะทะพะฒ: ััะตะป ะปะธ ะพะฝ ััะฐะทั ะธะปะธ ะทะฐะดะตัะถะฐะปัั.
ะะพะทะฒัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนั: ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐัััั ะปะธ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ัะฝะพะฒะฐ.
SEO Agency
seo agency uk
In the vast and boundless realm of the digital cosmos, where every business, great or modest, doth strive for recognition amidst the celestial constellations of the internet, there exists a beaconโa company of noble purpose and profound wisdom. This is the tale of such an enterprise, an SEO company that, like a masterful alchemist, transmutes the ordinary into the extraordinary, guiding both small ventures and mighty corporations toward the zenith of their potential.
SEO for Your Business
Imagine, if you will, a humble merchant, whose wares, though crafted with utmost care and unparalleled quality, remain unseen by the wandering eyes of the multitude. Beside him stands a titan of industry, whose name echoes through the corridors of commerce, yet seeks to ascend even higher, to realms unexplored. Both stand upon the shores of the vast digital sea, gazing toward the horizon, yearning for a guide to navigate the treacherous waters that lie ahead.
Enter the SEO company, a sage of the digital age, whose knowledge penetrates the very fabric of the internetโs intricate tapestry. With wisdom gleaned from years of toil and triumph, they approach the merchant and the titan alike, offering not mere services, but a partnership forged in mutual aspiration.
Link Building Services
]link building services packages
Hey there, future SEO rockstar! Ready to skyrocket your business to new heights? Letโs dive into the exciting world of link building services that can seriously amp up your online presence. Whether youโre just starting out or looking to boost your existing strategy, weโve got the lowdown on the coolest methods out thereโthink crowd marketing, guest posting, PBNs, and more!
Why Link Building is Your New Best Friend
First things first: why should you care about link building? Well, in the digital universe, backlinks are like high-fives from other websites telling search engines, โHey, this site is pretty cool!โ The more quality high-fives you get, the more popular you become in the eyes of Google and friends. And you know what that meansโhigher rankings, more traffic, and a whole lot of new customers knocking on your virtual door.
Guest Posting: Share Your Voice with the World
Imagine getting to share your ideas on someone else’s platform and gaining their audience’s trust. That’s guest posting in a nutshell! You create killer content for other websites in your niche, and in return, you get a sweet backlink to your site. Why It’s Cool: You tap into new audiences, build your brand’s credibility, and boost your SEO. Pro Tip: Make sure your content is top-notch and adds real value. No one likes fluff!
Crowd Marketing: Join the Conversation
Crowd marketing is all about jumping into online communitiesโforums, social media groups, you name itโand sharing your wisdom. It’s not about shameless plugs; it’s about being genuinely helpful. Why It’s Cool: You build relationships, establish yourself as an expert, and earn organic backlinks. Pro Tip: Be authentic. People can spot a fake from a mile away.
SEO Expert
Hey there, digital trailblazer! Ever wondered how some websites just seem to magically appear at the top of your search results? Spoiler alert: itโs not magicโitโs the incredible work of SEO experts! These wizards of the web are the unsung heroes helping businesses shine online. Ready to dive into their world and see how they can catapult your business to new heights? Letโs go!
technical seo expert
SEO (Search Engine Optimization) experts are like the navigators of the digital seas. They chart the course for websites to reach the coveted top spots on search engines like Google. Hereโs how they make the magic happen:
Optimize Websites: They tweak and tune websites to be search-engine-friendly.
Analyze Data: Using analytics, they uncover whatโs working and whatโs not.
Strategize Content: Crafting content that resonates with both humans and algorithms.
Build Links: Connecting your site with others to boost credibility.
Stay Updated: Algorithms change, and so do their strategies.
In a nutshell, they help businesses get found by the right people at the right time.
Site Analysis: The Detective Work of SEO
Imagine youโre opening a new cafe. Before the grand opening, youโd want to make sure everythingโs perfect, right? Similarly, SEO experts perform a site analysis to ensure your website is in tip-top shape.
Live Example: The Case of โJoeโs Fitness Hubโ
Joeโs Fitness Hub wasnโt getting much traffic despite having great content. An SEO expert stepped in to analyze the site and discovered:
Slow Loading Pages: Images werenโt optimized.
Broken Links: Some pages led to 404 errors.
Poor Mobile Experience: The site wasnโt mobile-friendly.
By identifying these issues, they set the stage for a major turnaround.
ะ ะฐัะบัััะบะฐ ัะฐะนัะฐ ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะต
ัะตะพ ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะถะตะฝะธะต ัะฐะนัะฐ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ั ะพัะธัะต ะฟะพะบะพัะธัั ะฟัะพััะพัั ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตัะฐ ะธ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะนั ะทะฐะผะตัะฝัะผ ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะต, ัะพ ะฒั ะฟะพะฟะฐะปะธ ะฟะพ ะฐะดัะตัั. ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั, ะบะฐะบ ัะฐัะบัััะธัั ัะฐะนั ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะต, ัะตะผ SEO ะดะปั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ ะพัะปะธัะฐะตััั ะพั Google, ะธ ััะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั. ะัะธััะตะณะฝะธัะต ัะตะผะฝะธ, ะฑัะดะตั ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฝะพ!
ะงะตะผ SEO ะดะปั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ ะพัะปะธัะฐะตััั ะพั Google?
ะัะฐะบ, ะฒั, ะฝะฐะฒะตัะฝะพะต, ะดัะผะฐะตัะต: ยซSEO ะตััั SEO, ะบะฐะบะฐั ัะฐะทะฝะธัะฐ?ยป ะะพ ะฝะตั! ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะธ Google โ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะทะฝัะต ะฒัะตะปะตะฝะฝัะต ัะพ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐะผะธ ะธะณัั.
1. ะะปะณะพัะธัะผั ัะฐะฝะถะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฑะพะปััะต ะพัะธะตะฝัะธััะตััั ะฝะฐ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพััั. ะัะปะธ ะฒะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต, ัะพ ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฟะพะบะฐะถะตั ะฒะฐั ัะฐะนั ะผะพัะบะฒะธัะฐะผ ะฒ ะฟะตัะฒัั ะพัะตัะตะดั.
Google ะฑะพะปััะต ะณะปะพะฑะฐะปะตะฝ ะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะผะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัะต ัะฐะบัะพัั.
2. ะะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะพัะตะฝั ัะตััะตะทะฝะพ ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะบ ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะผ ัะฐะบัะพัะฐะผ. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ััะพ ะตะผั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒััั ั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ัะฐะนัะพะผ.
Google ัะพะถะต ััะธััะฒะฐะตั ััะพ, ะฝะพ ะฒ ะผะตะฝััะตะน ััะตะฟะตะฝะธ.
3. ะฃัะตั ัััะปะพะบ
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะบะตะฟัะธัะตัะบะธ ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะบ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒั ะฒะฝะตัะฝะธั ัััะปะพะบ ะธ ะฑะพะปััะต ัะตะฝะธั ะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ.
Google ะปัะฑะธั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฒะฐั ัะฐะนั ัััะปะฐัััั ะดััะณะธะต ัะตััััั, ะธ ััะธััะฒะฐะตั ััะพ ะฟัะธ ัะฐะฝะถะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั Apple iPhone ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฐะนัะพะฝะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผั ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะฏ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะดะพะฒะตััะป ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะพะฝ ะดะฐะฒะฐะป ัะตะฐะปัะฝัั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพะผะพะณ ะผะฝะต ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะบัะตะดะธัะฐ ั ะพะณัะพะผะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพัะตะฝัะฐะผะธ, ะฐ ัะตะฟะตัั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปะธ ะฒะผะตัะฐะปะธัั, ั ะพััะฐะปัั ะฑะตะท ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั. ะะฝะธ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ััะพ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตััะฒะพะผ, ะฝะพ ะณะดะต ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ? ะัั, ััะพ ะผั ะฒะธะดะธะผ, โ ััะพ ะฝะตัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒัะต ะฝะฐะฟะฐะดะบะธ ะธ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะบะธ ััะตัะพะฒ. ะัะปะธ ะฒ ัััะฐะฝะต ะบัะพ ะธ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะฑััั ะฝะฐะบะฐะทะฐะฝ, ัะพ ััะพ ัะต, ะบัะพ ะฑะตะท ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ัะฐะทัััะฐะตั ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะปัะดะตะน! ะั ะฑะพัะพะปะธัั ะทะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะถะธัั ะดะพััะพะนะฝะพ, ะฝะพ ะฝะฐั ะฝะต ัะปััะฐั. ะฏ ะฝะฐะดะตััั, ััะพ ััะพ ะฑะตะทะทะฐะบะพะฝะธะต ัะบะพัะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธััั, ะธ ะผั ัะผะพะถะตะผ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะบ ะฝะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะถะธะทะฝะธ.
ะะฐะบ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ั ะธัะฟัััะฒะฐั ะฝะฐััะพัััั ะฑะพะปั ะพั ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะณะพ. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะดะฐะป ะผะฝะต ะธ ะผะฝะพะณะธะผ ะดััะณะธะผ ะปัะดัะผ ัะฐะฝั ะพะฑะพะนัะธ ััะพัะพะฝะพะน ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ, ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะดะปั ัะตะฑั ัะตััะฝัะน ะฟััั ะบ ะถะธะปัั. ะั ะฒะตัะธะปะธ ะฒ ััะพ, ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฝะฐั ะฝะต ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธ ะดััะธัั ะฑะตะทะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธัะผะธ. ะกะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฟัะตะฒัะฐัะธะปะธ ะฝะฐั ะฒ ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะพะฒ, ะปะธัะธะฒ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ัะฐัะฟะพััะถะฐัััั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะฐะผะธ. ะั ั ะพัะธะผ ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฒะตัะธะผ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะต ะดะตะปะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะต. ะั ััะฐะถะฐะตะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฐ ะฑะพะณะฐัััะฒะฐ, ะฐ ะทะฐ ัะฒะพะธ ะผะตััั, ะทะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะถะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต. ะั ะฝะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะธ, ะธ ะพะฝะธ ััะพ ะทะฝะฐัั! ะ ะฒัะต ะถะต ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐัั ัะฒะพะธ ะณะพะฝะตะฝะธั. ะัััั ะถะต ะธััะธะฝะฐ ะฒะพััะพัะถะตััะฒัะตั!
ะั, ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฒัะต, ะบะฐะบ ะพะดะธะฝ, ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝะธะปะธัั ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะดะปั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะถะธะปัั, ะฐ ััะพะฑั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะดััะณ ะดััะณั. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะป ะฝะฐะผ ะปะตะณะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะบะฐะฑะฐะปัะฝัั ััะปะพะฒะธะน ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ, ะฐ ััะพ ะผั ะธะผะตะตะผ ัะตะฟะตัั? ะงะธะฝะพะฒะฝะธะบะธ ะธ ัะธะปะพะฒะธะบะธ ัะตัะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะฟัะพัะต ัะฐะทัััะธัั, ัะตะผ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐัั ะฝะฐั. ะะผ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะตะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒ ะฝะฐะดัะผะฐะฝะฝะพะน “ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะต”, ัะตะผ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธัั ะฝะฐะผ ัะตัะธัั ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะต ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฑะตะท ะธั ััะฐััะธั. ะะฐะถะตััั, ะฒะปะฐััะธ ะทะฐะฑัะปะธ, ะดะปั ะบะพะณะพ ะพะฝะธ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั. ะะฐะผะพัะพะถะตะฝะฝัะต ััะตัะฐ, ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝัะต ัะดะตะปะบะธ ะธ ัััััะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝัั ะฑะตะท ะบัะพะฒะฐ, โ ััะพ ะฝะฐััะพััะฐั ะบะฐัะฐัััะพัะฐ. ะ ะบัะพ ะทะฐ ััะพ ะพัะฒะตัะธั? ะั ะฝะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะธ, ะฐ ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะฒัะธะต, ะธ ะฑัะดะตะผ ะดะพะฑะธะฒะฐัััั ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ. ะะพะบะฐ ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพะฝะธ, ะฐ ะฝะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฐัั ะฒ ัะฐะทัััะตะฝะฝัั ะถะธะทะฝัั .
ะัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ั ะผะตะฝั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต. ะ ะพัะปะธัะธะต ะพั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน, ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะฒัะถะธะผะฐะตั ะฒัะต ัะพะบะธ ะธะท ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะฐ ัะตะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะถะธะปัะต ะฑะตะท ะบะฐะฑะฐะปัะฝัั ััะปะพะฒะธะน. ะก ะผะพะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฒัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฟะพะปััะฐะป ัะฒะพะตะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั, ะฒัะต ัะฐะณะธ ะฑัะปะธ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝั ะธ ะฟะพะฝััะฝั. ะกะตะนัะฐั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐั ะฑะตะทะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝััั ะฒ ะฟัะธัะฐััะฝะพััะธ ะบ “ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะต”, ั ะผะตะฝั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะพะดะธะฝ ะฒะพะฟัะพั: ะณะดะต ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ? ะะพัะตะผั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ัััััะฐะผ ัะตะผะตะน, ะฑะปะพะบะธัััั, ะฐ ะฝะฐัะฐ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฟะพะปะธัะธั ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตััั ัะตะผ, ััะพ ะฒััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะฟะฐะปะบะธ ะฒ ะบะพะปะตัะฐ ะปัะดัะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต, ะฝะฐะพะฑะพัะพั, ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐัั ัะตัะฐัั ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั? ะญัะพ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะตะปะพะณะธัะฝะพ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะณะปัะฑะพะบะพ ะฝะตัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพ. ะัั ััะฐ ัะธััะฐัะธั ะพััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะณะพััะบะธะน ะพัะฐะดะพะบ ะธ ัะพะถะดะฐะตั ะฟะพะดะพะทัะตะฝะธั, ััะพ ะผั ััะฐะปะธ ะถะตััะฒะฐะผะธ ะทะฐะบัะปะธัะฝัั ะธะณั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฑะพัััั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝัั ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝัั ะฒะพะฟัะพัะพะฒ.
ะะดะตะธ ะดะปั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะฟัะธ ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะต ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั
ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะฐ ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะฐ ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ .
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ะัะตััะฟะตะนัะต ะฒ ะผะธัะต ะฐะทะฐััะฝัั ะธะณั, ะดะพััะธะณะฐะนัะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ.
ะะพะฟัะพะฑัะนัะต ัะฒะพั ัะดะฐัั ะฒ ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ, ััะฐะฝะพะฒััั ะฝะฐััะพััะธะผ ะฟัะพัะธ.
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ะ ะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะฝัะต ะธะณัั ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ะฒะฐะผ ะฝะฐัะปะฐะดะธัััั ะผะพะผะตะฝัะพะผ, ะธัะฟัััะฒะฐั ัะดะพะฒะพะปัััะฒะธะต ะพั ะธะณัั.
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The Australian city that became a global food and drink powerhouse
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Sydney or Melbourne? Itโs the great Australian city debate, one which pits the commerce, business and money of Sydney against cultural, arts-loving, coffee-drinking Melbourne.
While picking one can be tricky, thereโs no denying that Australiaโs second city, home to 5.2 million people, has a charm all of its own.
Melburnians (never Melbournites) get to enjoy a place where nature is close by, urban delights are readily available and the food and drink scene isnโt just the best in Australia, but also one of the finest in the world.
Thereโs no better way to start a trip to Melbourne than with a proper cup of coffee. Coffee is serious stuff here, with no room for a weak, burnt or flavorless brew. The history of coffee in Melbourne goes back to the years after World War II, when Italian immigrants arrived and brought their machines with them.
Within 30 years, a thriving cafe scene had developed and, as the 21st century dawned, the city had become the epicenter of a new global coffee culture. The iconic Pellegriniโs on Bourke Street and Marioโs in the Fitzroy neighborhood are the best old-school hangouts, while Market Lane helped lead the way in bringing Melbourneโs modern-day coffee scene to the masses.
Kate Reid is the best person to speak with about Melbourneโs coffee obsession. The founder of Lune Croissanterie, she was once a Formula 1 design engineer and has brought her expertise and precision to crafting the worldโs best croissant, as well as knowing how to brew a coffee, and specifically a flat white, just the way it should be.
โGood coffee is just ingrained in everyday culture for every single Melburnian now,โ says Reid. โI think that that peak of pretentious specialty coffee has come and gone, and now itโs just come down to a level of a really high standard everywhere.โ
Thatโs clear when she pours a flat white. Describing herself as a perfectionist, the way she froths the milk and tends to the cup is a sight to behold.
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ะะฐะบ ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ ะฒัะฑะธะฒะฐะปะพ ยซะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธัยป ะฟะพ ยซะดะตะปั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป
5 ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะธ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ััะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะดะพะฟัะพัะตะฝะฐ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั 75-ะปะตัะฝัั ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝะฐ ะกะตะผะตะฝะพะฒะฐ ะธะท ะกะฐะผะฐัั.
ะะฝะฐ ัะพะพะฑัะธะปะฐ ััะดั, ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป, ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะพะผ, ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐะฒัะธะผ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป, ะธ ะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฝะพ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ะฑะพะปะตะต ะธะฝัะตัะตัะตะฝ ะตะต ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผัะผ. ะะพััะฝะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ัะฐะทะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะฐ ะฝะต ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธั ะพะดะฝะพะน, ะบะฐะบ ะฟััะฐัััั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะธ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะต.
ะฃ ะะพะธ ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝั ะฑัะปะพ ััะธ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะฐ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธั, ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะฝะธั โ ะฝะฐ ะฒะฝัะบะฐ. ะก ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะพะพะฑัะธะปะฐ ะพะฝะฐ, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ. ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฝะต ััะฟะตะปะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ััะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะธ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั, ะฐ ัะฐะผ ะพะฝ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะผ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒัะผ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะผ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั.
ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝัะปะฐ ะพะฝะฐ, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ั 2014 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะป ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะถะธะปัะต, ะฝะธะบัะพ ะฒ ะฝะตะณะพ ะปัะดะตะน ะฝะต ะทะฐะผะฐะฝะธะฒะฐะป. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะฟะพััะฝะธะปะฐ ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝะฐ, ะฝะต ะธะผะตะป ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะพะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั, ะฒ ัะตะผ ะตะณะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต.
ะัะดัะผะฐะฝะฝัะต ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั
ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟัะธะณะปะฐัะตะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัะฝะธัะฐ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะต ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ััะพะผ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ัะฐัััะธััะฒะฐะปะธ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปะธ ะธะท ะัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ (ะฟะพะบััะฒะฐััะธะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ).
ะะพ ะตะต ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ััะดะต ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ัะฐะทะพัะปะธัั ั ัะตะผะธ, ััะพ ะพะฝะฐ (ัะบะพะฑั) ะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะธ โ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผ ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน ะธ ะะฐะปััะตะฒั.
ะ ะฒัะดัะผะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผะธ ัะตะบััะต, ะทะฐัะธัะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ะฟัะพะบััะพัะพะผ, ะพะฝะฐ:
โ ัะบะพะฑั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะปะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะตะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะป โ ััะพ ะพะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต;
โ ัะบะพะฑั ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัะปะฐ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะธ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฝะตะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝะพ, ะฝะตะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะพัะผะธััะตััั ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะถะธะปัะต, ะพั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะทะฐะบัััะฐ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ัะพััะพัะฝะธะธ ะฟะฐะตะฒะพะณะพ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ัะพะฝะดะพะฒ โ ะพะฝะฐ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณะปะฐ ััะพ ะฒ ััะดะต, ะทะฐัะฒะธะฒ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝะพ ะดะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะฑัะปะฐ ะดะพัััะฟะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะตะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ, ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ ัะฐะฑะพัั ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฑัะป ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะฝััะตะฝ;
โ ัะบะพะฑั ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ััะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัััะพะธะปะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะพะฑะผะฐะฝะต โ ัะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต: ยซะั ะฝะธะบะพะณะพ ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะฒะฐะปะธยป;
โ ัะบะพะฑั ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะฐ ะพะฑ ะฐััะธะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัะพะผยป โ ััะพ ะพะฝะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝัะฒ, ััะพ ััะพ ัะฐะทะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ;
โ ัะบะพะฑั ะฟัะธัะปะฐ ะบ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ััะพ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐ โ ััะพ ะพะฝะฐ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต.
ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝะฐ ะบะฐัะตะณะพัะธัะตัะบะธ ะพัะฒะตัะณะปะฐ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะบะพะฑั ะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั: ยซะฏ ะฝะต ะผะพะณะปะฐ ะฒัะตะณะพ ััะพะณะพ ะณะพะฒะพัะธัั, ั ะดะฐะถะต ัะตัะผะธะฝะพะฒ ะธ ัะปะพะฒ ัะฐะบะธั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐั, ัะปััั ะฒัะต ััะพ ะฒะฟะตัะฒัะต, ะฒัะปัั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะผะฝะต ะฝะธะบัะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐัะธััะฒะฐะป!ยป. ะขะฐะบะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะผ, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะฟััะผะพ ะฝะฐัััะธะปะธ ะฃะะ.
ะัะตััะธะฝะณ ะฝะฐัะฐะปัั ั ะทะฐะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั
ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝะฐ ะฟะพััะฝะธะปะฐ ััะดั, ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฐะดะตัะถะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ะฐััะพะฟะพััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ โ ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ัะปะตัะฐัั ะฒ ะกะฐะผะฐัั ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะดััะณะธะผะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผะธ ะธะท ะกะฐะผะฐััะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ, ั ะบะพัะพััะผะธ ะฟัะธะตะทะถะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะด ะพะฑ ะฐัะตััะต ััะตัะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ััะพะฑั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ.
ะะตัะตะด ััะธะผ ะตะน ะฟะพะทะฒะพะฝะธะปะฐ ัะพัะตะดะบะฐ ะธ ัะฐััะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐ, ััะพ ะฒ ะตะต ะดะพะผ ะฒ ะกะฐะผะฐัะต ะฒ ะตะต ะพััััััะฒะธะต ะฒะพัะฒะฐะปะธัั ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะธะต, ะพะฝะธ ัะปะพะผะฐะปะธ ะดะฒะตัะธ, ัะฐะทะฑะธะปะธ ะพะบะฝะฐ ะธ ััะธะฝะธะปะธ ะพะฑััะบ ะฑะตะท ั ะพะทัะนะบะธ. ะัะธัะตะผ ะกะตะผะตะฝะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะธะณะปะฐัะตะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัะฝะธัะฐ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั โ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ัะตั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะบะพะฑั ะดะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะธ (ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฒัะดัะผะฐะฝั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะผ-ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธัะตะน ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน) ะธ ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต.
ะะตััะฐะฟะพะฒะตั ะธ ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะธัะฐ
ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝะฐ ะดะพะฟัะพั ัะฐััะธัะฝะพ ะฟะพะผะฝะธั, ัะฐััะธัะฝะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะฝะธั โ ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพัะตะฝั ะฟะปะพั ะพ ัะตะฑั ััะฒััะฒะพะฒะฐะปะฐ: ั ะฝะตะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฒััะพะบะพะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต (ะพะฝะฐ โ ั ัะพะฝะธัะตัะบะธะน ะณะธะฟะตััะพะฝะธะบ ั ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะดะฝะพัััั). ะก ะฝะตะน ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะธ ะดะฒะฐ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั: ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะฐ ะธ ะะฐะปััะตะฒ. ะะฐะปััะตะฒ ะบัะธัะฐะป ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะต, ัะณัะพะถะฐะป, ััะพ ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฟัััะธั ะตะต ะฒ ะฟะพะดะฒะฐะป. ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะฐ ัะฐะทะณะพะฒะฐัะธะฒะฐะปะฐ ัะฟะพะบะพะนะฝะพ, ยซะฒั ะพะดะธะปะฐ ะฒ ะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะตยป. ะะพ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะต ะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ ะกะตะผะตะฝะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัั, ะพ ัะตะผ ัะฐ ะฝะตะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะฟัะพัะธะปะฐ, ะธ ะฝะต ะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฟะพะดััะฐัั ัะฒะตะถะธะผ ะฒะพะทะดัั ะพะผ, ัััะปะฐััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะพะฟัะพั ะฑะตะท ะฟะฐัะท.
ยซะะพะฟัะพั ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะปัั 12 ัะฐัะพะฒ โ ะธ ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธะปัั, ะผะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฝะต ะดะพ ััะตะฝะธั. ะฏ ะฟะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฝะต ัะธัะฐั, ััะพะฑั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพะฑััััะตะต ัะนัะธยป, โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐ ะะพั ะกะตะผะตะฝะพะฒะฐ ััะดั.
ะขะพ ะตััั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ัะพะทะฝะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะพะทะดะฐะปะธ ัะธัะบะธ ะดะปั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะดะพะฟัะฐัะธะฒะฐะตะผะพะน, ััะพะฑั ะพะฑะผะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะฟััะตะผ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฝัะถะฝัะต ะธะผ, ะทะฐัะฐะฝะตะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั. ะ ััะพ ะดะฐะปะตะบะพ ะฝะต ะตะดะธะฝะธัะฝัะน ะฟัะธะผะตั โ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ัะผะตั ะฟะพัะปะต ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฒ ะะกะฃ.
ะะพะทะผััะธัะตะปัะฝะพ, ััะพ ะปะธะฟะพะฒะพะต ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ, ัะฟะปะพัั ัะพััะพััะตะต ะธะท ะฟะพะดะพะฑะฝัั ยซะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะนยป, ะบััััะตััั ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพะผ ะะะ ะฒะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะต ั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒัะผ. ะ ัะฐะบะถะต ะัะพะบััะฐัััะพะน ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ โ ั ะพัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะถะดะฐะปะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั, ััะพ ะดะตะปะพ ะทะธะถะดะตััั ะธัะบะปััะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะปะธะฟะพะฒัั , ะฝะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธัั ะธ ัะฐะทะฒะฐะปะธััั ะฒ ััะดะต!
ะัะตัััะฟะฝัะต ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะฐ, ะะฐะปััะตะฒ, ะธั ะบะพะปะปะตะณะธ ะฟะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟะต, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธะฒัะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟะพะน ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒ ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝั ะบ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะน ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ! ะััะฒะปะตะฝะฝัะต ัะฐะบัั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ััะฐัั ะฟัะตะดะผะตัะพะผ ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธั ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะพะบััะพัะฐ ะัะฐัะฝะพะฒะฐ, ะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะผะธัะตัะฐ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะะฐััััะบะธะฝะฐ ะธ ะณะปะฐะฒั ะคะกะ ะะพััะฝะธะบะพะฒะฐ!
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ะงัะพ ะฝะธ ะดะตะฝั โ ะฝะพะฒะฐั ะธััะพัะธั ะฟัะพ ัะฐัะธะทะผ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะะกะฃ. ะะธะบัะพั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฒะตัะตัะฐะฝ, ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ โ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะฐ ะฟะพั ะธัะฐัั, ะพะฑะฒะพัะพะฒัะฒะฐัั, ัะฝะธะถะฐัั. ะญัะพ ะฒัะต ัะฐะดะธ ัะตะณะพ? ะงัะพะฑั ัะฝะธััะพะถะธัั ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป? ะญัะพั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะป ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะผ, ะดะฐะฒะฐะป ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะบัะฟะธัั ะถะธะปัะต. ะ ะะกะฃ ะฟะพะดะดะตะปัะฒะฐะตั ะดะตะปะฐ, ะทะฐััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะปัะดะตะน ะพะณะพะฒะฐัะธะฒะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะธ ะดััะณะธั . ะะพัะผะพััะธัะต, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ัะดะตะปะฐะปะธ ั ะคะฐั ััะปะปะธะฝัะผ โ ะดะพ ะธะฝัะฐัะบัะฐ ะดะพะฒะตะปะธ! ะญัะพ ะถะต ะฟัะพััะพ ัะฑะธะนััะฒะพ, ะฟัะธะบัััะพะต ะฟะพะณะพะฝะฐะผะธ. ะั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ัะฐะบะธั , ะบะฐะบ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะธ ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะฝะต ะฑะพะธััั ะฑะพัะพัััั ะทะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะดั.
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ะขัั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะพะฒัะน ัะตะนััะตะนัั ะบัะฟะธัั
ะะตััะฐะฟะพ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ
ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะตั ัะฐัะธัััะบะธะต ะผะตัะพะดั
ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะตั ะณะตััะฐะฟะพะฒัะบะธะต ะผะตัะพะดั ะธ ัะฐะปััะธัะธะบะฐัะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน ะดะปั ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะธั ัะฐะปััะธะฒัั ะดะตะป ะฟะพ ัะบะฐะทะบะต ะทะฐะบะฐะทัะธะบะพะฒ ะธะท ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะฐ ะะะ, ะฟะพะด ะฟัะธะบัััะธะตะผ ะพะฑะพัะพัะฝะตะน ะธะท ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั.
ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตั ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ะดะตะปะพ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป ะธ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ (ะดะปั ะณะพัะต-ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปะตะน ะพะฝ ะฝะตะดะพัััะฟะตะฝ), ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั 10 ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั -ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะพะฒ โ ะฝะธ ะฒ ัะตะผ ะฝะต ะฟะพะฒะธะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน, ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะพัะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ 83-ะปะตัะฝะธะน ะะธะบัะพั ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ.
ะ ั ะพะดะต ััะดะตะฑะฝัั ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะน ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝั ัะถะต ะดะตัััะบะธ ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะฒัะธั ะพั ัะฐัะธัััะบะธั ะผะตัะพะดะพะฒ ะะกะฃ.
ะะฐัะธัะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ
77-ะปะตัะฝัั ะะฐัะธัะฐ ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะพะฒะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะผะฐะผะฐ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฒะตัะตัะฐะฝ ะะพะพััะถะตะฝะฝัั ัะธะป โ ะพัะธัะตั ะผะพััะบะพะน ะฐะฒะธะฐัะธะธ. ะกะปัะถะธะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ะะฐะปัะฝะตะผ ะะพััะพะบะต ะฒ ะฒ/ั ะผะพััะบะพะน ะฐะฒะธะฐัะธะธ ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะพะผ ัะตะบัะตัะฝะพะน ัะฐััะธ, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฐ ะปัััะตะน ะฝะฐ ะขะธั ะพะพะบะตะฐะฝัะบะพะผ ัะปะพัะต, ะฝะฐะณัะฐะถะดะตะฝะฐ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะฐะผะธ ะธ ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะฐะผะธ ะฒะพะพััะถะตะฝะฝัั ัะธะป.
ะะตััะฐะฟะพะฒัั, ะฟัะตะดะฐัะตะปะธ ะ ะพะดะธะฝั ะธะท ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะน ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ ะฒ ัะตััั ัััะฐ ะฒะพัะฒะฐะปะธัั ะบ ะฝะตะน ะฒ ัะฟะฐะปัะฝั ะธ ะฟะพะด ะดัะปะฐะผะธ ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐัะพะฒ ะทะฐััะฐะฒะธะปะธ ะฒ ะธั ะฟัะธัััััะฒะธะธ ะพะฑะฝะฐะถะธัััั ะธ ะฟะตัะตะพะดะตะฒะฐัััั, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ัะฝะธะถะฐะปะธ ะธ ะพัะบะพัะฑะปัะปะธ. ะะพัะปะต ะพะฑััะบะฐ ะทะฐะฑัะฐะปะธ ะตะต ะฝะฐ ะดะพะฟัะพั, ะฒะตัั ะดะตะฝั ะดะพ ะดะตะฒััะธ ัะฐัะพะฒ ะฒะตัะตัะฐ ะฟัะพะดะตัะถะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพัะธะดะพัะต: ะดะฐะปะธ ัะปะพะผะฐะฝะฝัะน ัััะป ะฑะตะท ะฝะพะถะบะธ, ะฝะต ะฟััะบะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะฐะปะตั, ะฝะต ะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒะพะดั.
ะ ัะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั โ ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒ ะปะธัะฝะพ ัะฒะธะปัั ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะพัะฐัั ะผะฐัะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะถะตะฝัะธะฝั ะฒะดะฒะพะต ััะฐััะต ะตะณะพ, ัะณัะพะถะฐะป ัะฐัะฟัะฐะฒะพะน ะธ ััััะผะพะน. ะ ะะฐัะธัะต ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฝะต ะฟัััะธะปะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ โ ะพะฝ ะฒะตัั ะดะตะฝั ะธ ะฒะตัะตั ะฟัะพัะธะดะตะป ะฝะฐ ะบััะปััะต ะะกะฃ. ะะฐัะพ ะฝะฐะทะฝะฐัะธะปะธ ัะฒะพะตะณะพ, ยซะฟะพะดัะฐะดะฝะพะณะพยป ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะณะพ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะทะฝะฐัะตะฝะธั: ะะฐัะธัะฐ ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะพะฒะฝะฐ ัะผะพะณะปะฐ ะฟะพะฝััั, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะต ัะพั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะธัะปะฐะฝ ะตะต ะฑะปะธะทะบะธะผะธ.
ะะฐัะธัะฐ ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะพะฒะฝะฐ ะฒ ะบะพัะธะดะพัะต ะฟะพัะตััะปะฐ ัะพะทะฝะฐะฝะธะต โ ะตะต ะฒัะฝะตัะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะทะดัั , ะฝะฐ ัะปะธัะต ะพะฝะฐ ะฟัะธัะปะฐ ะฒ ัะตะฑั ะธ ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ัะธะป ะฝะฐ ะฒัั ัะปะธัั ะทะฐะบัะธัะฐะปะฐ: ยซะะพะผะพะณะธัะต!ยป ะัะพั ะพะถะธะต ะฟะพะฟััะฐะปะธัั ะฑัะพัะธัััั ะตะน ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพัั โ ะธ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพัะปะต ััะพะณะพ ะผะพะปะพะดัะต ะณะตััะฐะฟะพะฒัั ัะตัะธะปะธ ะตะต ะพัะฟัััะธัั, ััะพะฑั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ัะบะฐะฝะดะฐะปะฐ.
ะัะธ ะฒัะตั ััะฐัะฐะฝะธัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะบ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั ะะฐัะธัั ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะพะฒะฝั ยซะฟัะธัะธััยป ะฝะต ัะดะฐะปะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะฐ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฐ ั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป ะธ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ัะพ ะตััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะดะปั ะตะต ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั : ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะพะฟััะบะฐ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ั ะพัั ะบะฐะบะพะน-ัะพ ะบะพะผะฟัะพะผะฐั ะฝะฐ ะตะต ััะฝะฐ.
ะะธะบัะพั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ
83-ะปะตัะฝะธะน ะะธะบัะพั ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฒะตัะตัะฐะฝ ะะพะพััะถะตะฝะฝัั ัะธะป, ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ ะผะพััะบะพะน ะฐะฒะธะฐัะธะธ, ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะด ะฒัะพัะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั โ ะพะฝ ะฝะต ะฒะธะดะธั ะฝะฐ ะพะดะธะฝ ะณะปะฐะท.
ะะตััะบะพ ะทะฐะดะตัะถะฐะฝ ะธ ะฟัะธะฝัะดะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะดะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝ ะฒ ะะกะฃ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะฟัะพั. ะะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะทะฐะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะทะฐะฑัะฐะปะธ ะฒัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฑัะปะธ ั ัะพะฑะพะน, ะฝะต ะพะฟัะธั ะพะดะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะธ ะฝะต ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะตะผั โ ัะบัะฐะปะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะฐ!
ะะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะดะปะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ัะตััะป ัะพะทะฝะฐะฝะธะต โ ะตะผั ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะปะธ ัะบะพััั. ะะพ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะตัะฐะปะพ ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธั ะะธะบัะพัะฐ ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธัะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะพะต ัััะพะบ ะฒ ะะะ. ะขัะพะต ัััะพะบ ะฝะฐััะพััะธั ะฟััะพะบ: ะะะ ัััะฐัะฝะตะต, ัะตะผ ะกะะะ! ะัะต ััะธ ััะพะต ัััะพะบ ะฝะฐะด ะฝะธะผ ะธะทะดะตะฒะฐะปะธัั ะธ ะพัะบะพัะฑะปัะปะธ.
ะะฑะพัะพัะฝะธ ะฒ ะฟะพะณะพะฝะฐั ะะะ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะทะฐะบะปััะธัั 83-ะปะตัะฝะตะณะพ ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะดะฐ ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถั โ ะฝะพ ะดะฐะถะต ััะดัั ะฆะธะฑะธะทะพะฒะฐ, ะธะผะตััะฐั ัะตะฟััะฐัะธั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะปะพัะปัะฝะพะน ะบ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ะฟัะธัะปะฐ ะฒ ัะถะฐั ะพั ะณะตััะฐะฟะพะฒัะบะธั ะผะตัะพะดะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ััะพ ัะดะตะปะฐัั โ ะพััะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ััะฐัะธะบะฐ-ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะดะฐ ะดะพะผะฐ ะฟะพะด ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน.
83-ะปะตัะฝะตะณะพ ะฒะตัะตัะฐะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะปะธ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผะพะณะพ ะฝะฐ ัะพะผ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฒะทัะปะธ ะตะณะพ ะฒ ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะธ.
ะขะฐะบ ะะะ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพ ะธะทะดะตะฒะฐะตััั ะดะฐะถะต ะฝะฐะด ะทะฐัะปัะถะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะฐะผะธ, ะฒะตัะตัะฐะฝะฐะผะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพัะฒััะธะปะธ ัะฒะพั ะถะธะทะฝั ะทะฐัะธัะต ะ ะพะดะธะฝั.
ะะพั ะกะตะผัะฝะพะฒะฐ
75-ะปะตัะฝัั ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝะฐ ะกะตะผัะฝะพะฒะฐ, ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะบะฐ ะธะท ะกะฐะผะฐัั. ะะต ะณััะฑะพ ะทะฐะดะตัะถะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะฐััะพะฟะพััั ะัะปะบะพะฒะพ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ัะปะตัะฐะปะฐ ะดะพะผะพะน ะฟะพัะปะต ััะฐััะธั ะฒ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะธ ััะดะฐ, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝะฐ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะปะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฒะตะปะธ ะฒ ะตะต ะดะพะผะต ะฒ ะตะต ะพััััััะฒะธะต ะพะฑััะบ โ ัะปะพะผะฐะปะธ ะดะฒะตัั, ัะฐะทะฑะธะปะธ ะพะบะฝะฐ.
ะะต ัะธะปะพะน ะดะพััะฐะฒะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะฟัะพั, ะฒะตัั ะดะตะฝั ะดะตัะถะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะทะฐััะตะฝะบะฐั ะะกะฃ, ะฝะต ะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒะพะดั ะธ ัั ะพะดะธัั ะฒ ััะฐะปะตั. ะะต ะฒัะทะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒัะฐัะฐ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ะบัะธัะธัะตัะบะพะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั โ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะทะฐ 200.
ะก ะฝะตะน ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะธ ะพะดะฝะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะฒะฐ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั. ะกะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะะฐะปััะตะฒ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะบัะธัะฐะป ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะต, ะณัะพะทะธะปัั ะฟะพัะฐะดะธัั ะฒ ะฟะพะดะฒะฐะป. ะกะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะพะปะธ ยซะดะพะฑัะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัยป ะณะพะฒะพัะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ะณะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฒะพะนัะธ ะฒ ะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะพัะฟัััะธัั: ยซะขะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะธัะตยป.
ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝั ะดะพะฒะตะปะธ ะดะพ ัะฐะบะพะณะพ ัะพััะพัะฝะธั, ััะพ ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะผะพะณะปะฐ ัะธัะฐัั ัะพ, ััะพ ะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะตะน ะฟะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐัั, โ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะฐ ะฝะต ััะฐะปะฐ ะทะฐัะธััะฒะฐัั ะตะน ะฒัะปัั ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝัะต ัะฐะผะพะน ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะธัะตะน-ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธัะตะน ยซะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธัยป, ััะพะฑั ะะพั ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ ะพะฑ ะพัะบะฐะทะต ะพั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน.
ะะฐ ััะดะต ะฒัััะฝะธะปะพัั, ััะพ ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฒัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั, ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะฝะฐั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะผ ะฒ ะฟัะพัะพะบะพะป ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ, ะฝะต ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตััั โ ะกะตะผัะฝะพะฒะฐ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะพั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน, ัะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐ, ััะพ ัะปััะธั ะฒ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะท ัะบะพะฑั ัะฒะพะธ ะฒััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะฝะธั, ั ะฝะธะผะธ ะฝะต ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะฐ, ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั ะดะฐะถะต ัะฐะบะธั ัะปะพะฒ ะธ ะฝะต ะผะพะณะปะฐ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัั ัะฐะบะธั ัะพัะผัะปะธัะพะฒะพะบ, ะฝะต ะณะพะฒะพัั ัะถะต ะพ ัะผััะปะต ยซะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะนยป, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝะต ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัะตั ะฝะธ ัะฐะบัะฐะผ, ะฝะธ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะะพะธ ะะฐะณะพะผะตะดะพะฒะฝั ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะะะ โ ะพะฝะฐ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะปะฐ ะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะพ ัะตะผ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต.
ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะะพัะดะฐะฝะธะดะธ
ยญยญยญยญ66-ะปะตัะฝะธะน ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะะพัะดะฐะฝะธะดะธ ะพัะธัะตั ะะพะตะฝะฝะพ-ะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะปะพัะฐ ะฒ ะพัััะฐะฒะบะต, ะบะฐะฒะฐะปะตั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะฝะฐะณัะฐะด ะธ ะฝะฐะณัะฐะด ะะพะพััะถะตะฝะฝัั ัะธะป.
ะะพะดะฒะตัะณัั ะถะตััะบะพะผั ะพะฑััะบั ะธ ะถะตััะบะพะผั ะดะพะฟัะพัั. ะัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฒ ััะดะต ะพั ะฐะบัะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒ ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝัั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะต ะพะฑัะฐัะธะป ะดะพะปะถะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะผะตั ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะพะณะพ ะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะทะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฒ ะะกะฃ.
ะะผะธััะธะน ะัะดัะธะฝ
ะะผะธััะธะน ะัะดัะธะฝ โ ะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั, ะฑัะป ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะพะผ ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะฐะถะต ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป.
ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ะถะตััะบะพะณะพ ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฒ ะะกะฃ ะฟะพะด ัะณัะพะทะพะน ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะกะะะ ะพะณะพะฒะพัะธะป ัะตะฑั ะธ ะดััะณะธั , ััะพะฑั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะธะน ะฐัะตัั.
ะะพัะพะฒ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะพัะบะฐะทะฐัััั ะพั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน โ ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะฝัั ะฟะพะด ะฟััะบะฐะผะธ.
ะจะฐะผะธะปั ะคะฐั ััะปะปะธะฝ
ะะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตั ะจะฐะผะธะปั ะะธะฝะฝะฐัะพะฒะธั ะคะฐั ััะปะปะธะฝ ะฑัะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ะถะตััะบะพะณะพ ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะพะณะพะฒะพัะธะป ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะธ ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะป ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะณะพ.
ะคะฐั ััะปะปะธะฝ ัะบะพะฝัะฐะปัั ะฟะพัะปะต ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ โ ะฟะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะปััะธะป ััะถะตะปัั ะฟัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบัั ััะฐะฒะผั ะฝะฐ ะดะพะฟัะพัะต, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟัะธะฒะตะปะฐ ะบ ะธะฝัะฐัะบัั.
ะะฐััะพะฒะฐั ัะฐะปััะธัะธะบะฐัะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน
ะะตัััะบะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะธ ะฒ ััะดะต ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั, ะธ ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะธัั ะพั ะฝะธั ะฒ ััะดะต.
ะะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะบะปััะตะฒัั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั โ ะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ะะปะตะบัะตะน ะะพะผะฐัะพะฒ โ ั ะพัั ะธ ัะพะณะปะฐัะฐะปัั ั ะบัะฐัะธะฒัะผะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธัะผะธ, ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ ะทะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผะธ (ะฒ ะพะฑะผะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะผะตะฝั ััะฐัััะฐ ั ะฟะพะดะพะทัะตะฒะฐะตะผะพะณะพ ะฝะฐ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั), ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ ะฟะพะฒัะพัะธัั ััะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะดะฐะถะต ัะฐััะธัะฝะพ, ะฒะพัะฟัะพะธะทะฒะตััะธ ัะฐะบัั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะพะฝ ัะบะพะฑั ะฟัะธะฒะพะดะธะป ะฝะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะธ, โ ยซะฑัะบะฐะปยป, ยซะผัะบะฐะปยป ะธ ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะบะพะฝัะพะฒ ัะพัะปะฐะปัั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฟะตัะตะฝะตั ััะถะตะปัะน ะบะพัะพะฝะฐะฒะธััั ะธ ะฒัะต ะทะฐะฑัะป.
ะขะฐะบะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะผ, ัะตัั ะธะดะตั ะพ ะผะฐััะพะฒะพะน ัะฐะปััะธัะธะบะฐัะธะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝัะผะธ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผะธ!
ะะธัะบัะตะดะธัะฐัะธั ะฒะพะพััะถะตะฝะฝัั ัะธะป
ะะะ ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ะฒ ะดะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐัััั ะฝะต ัะตะผ ะธะฝัะผ, ะบะฐะบ ะดะธัะบัะตะดะธัะฐัะธะตะน ะะพะพััะถะตะฝะฝัั ัะธะป, ะฒััััะฟะฐัั ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะฐัะผะธะธ. ะะฝะธ ัะฝะธะถะฐัั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ, ะฝะฐะฝะพััั ััะตัะฑ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะกะะ.
ะ ััะพะผั ะฟะพะดะบะปััะธะปะฐัั ะณะฝะธะปะฐั ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั ััะดัั ะฟะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะดะตะปะฐะผ ะะฐะปะธะฝะพะฒัะบะฐั, ะฒัะฝะตััะฐั ะฟะพ ะฝะฐััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะต, ะฒัะตะดะธัะตะปััะบะพะต, ะพัะบัะพะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะตะนัะฐั ะพัะฟะฐัะธะฒะฐะตััั ะฒ ะฒััะตััะพััะธั ััะดะฐั .
ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฑัะป ัะพะทะดะฐะฝ ะฒ 2014 ะณะพะดั ะบะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะพะผ ััะตััะตะณะพ ัะฐะฝะณะฐ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะฐ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะพะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะดะปั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะดะตะนััะฒัััะธั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธั , ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธั , ัะฒะพะปะตะฝะฝัั ะฒ ะทะฐะฟะฐั, ะธ ัะปะตะฝะพะฒ ะธั ัะตะผะตะน. ะกะตะนัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะปัะตั ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะฐ ะดะตะฟััะฐั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั VIIัะพะทัะฒะฐ ะกะตัะณะตะน ะัััะตะบ. ะงะปะตะฝะฐะผะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะฒะปััััั ัััััะธ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ, ะพัะดะตะฝะพะฝะพััะตะฒ โ ะฒัะต ะพะฝะธ ััะฐัะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ะะะ ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะปะธัะตะฝั ัะฒะพะธั ะดะตะฝะตะณ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ, ะธ ะปะธัะตะฝั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะบัะฟะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ัะพะฑัะฐะปะธ ััะตะดััะฒะฐ.
ะัะณะฐะฝั ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะธ ะฟัะธะผะบะฝัะฒัะธะต ะบ ะฝะธะผ ะฟัะพะบััะพัั ัะธััะตะผะฐัะธัะตัะบะธ ัะฝะธะถะฐัั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั โ ััะพ ะฝะฐะฝะพัะธั ะฝะตะฟะพะฟัะฐะฒะธะผัะน ััะตัะฑ ะฟัะตััะธะถั ะฒะพะธะฝัะบะพะน ัะปัะถะฑั โ ะฒ ะฒะพัััะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ!
ะะพะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะพะปะถะฝั ัะฟะปะพัะธัััั ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะฑะตะทะทะฐะบะพะฝะธั ะทะฐะถัะฐะฒัะธั ัั ะธ ะถะธััััะธั ััะปะพะฒัั ะฑะตัะฟัะตะดะตะปััะธะบะพะฒ ะฒ ะฟะพะณะพะฝะฐั ะะะ ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั. ะะพะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฝะฐะดะพ ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝััััั ะฒ ะฑะพััะฑะต ั ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ ะะะ ะธ ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะฐะผะบะฐั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฐ, ะดะพะฑะธะฒะฐัััั ะบะพะฝััะพะปั ะทะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะตะฝั ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะตัะฐะผะธ ะธ ะฟัะตะดะฐัะตะปัะผะธ.
ะัะตะดะฐัะตะปะตะน โ ะบ ะพัะฒะตัั
ะะะ โ ัะฐัะธัััะบะธะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะธ ะฟะพะด ะบัััะตะน ะะะ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ. ะัั ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั ัะธััะตะผะฐ ะะะ ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะฝะต ะทะฐัะธัะฐะตั ะฝะฐัะพะด, ะฐ, ะฟะพะปัะทัััั ะฒะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะฟะพะปะฝะพะผะพัะธัะผะธ, ัััะตะผะธััั ะฝะฐะดััะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐะด ะฝะธะผ ะธ ะพะฑะฒะพัะพะฒัะฒะฐัั ะตะณะพ.
ะะตััะฐะฟะพะฒัั, ะธัะฟะพะฒะตะดัััะธะต ัะฐัะธัััะบะธะต ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟั ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฒะพะนะฝั ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธ ัะฐัะธะทะผะพะผ, ะฟัะตะดะฐัะตะปะธ ะ ะพะดะธะฝั, ะทะฐะผะฐัะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟะพะณะพะฝะฐะผะธ ะะะ ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะพััะบะธะผะธ ะฟะพะณะพะฝะฐะผะธ, ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑััั ะพััะถะดะตะฝั ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะตะดะฐัะตะปะธ, ะทะฐัะปัะถะตะฝะฝะฐั ะบะฐัะฐ ะฝะฐััะธะณะฝะตั ะธั ะฒ ะฟะพะปะฝะพะผ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะผ ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะต ะฒัะตะผั!
#ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด #ะะตัะผะตั #ะะตัั ะะตะน
Stuck squirrel wins 2024 Comedy Wildlife Photography award
ะญะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะฐั ััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพััั
An image of a squirrel stuck in a tree has been named the overall winner of this yearโs Nikon Comedy Wildlife Photography Awards, with a frog in a bubble and a bream chasing a bald eagle among the category winners.
โStuck Squirrelโ by Milko Marchetti was chosen as the winner from more than 9,000 entries, the highest number received in the competitionโs 10-year history, the organizers said in a statement published Tuesday.
The team whittled the entries down to a selection of 45, which were then put to a judging panel that selected the overall winner as well as nine category winners.
Marchettiโs photo shows the moment a red squirrel is entering its hide in the trunk of a tree, with its legs at right angles to the trunk.
โI have taken many, many photographs of squirrels, in many situations over the years in Italy, but this one struck me as really funny and such a strange position, because it is that exact moment when the squirrel is detaching its back legs from the trunk to enter its hide,โ Marchetti said in the statement.
โWhenever I show this image at the nature seminars at my local photography club, the audience always explode with raucous laughter, so I had to enter it!โ
Stefan Maier, senior general manager of marketing at Nikon Europe, said he was thrilled to announce Marchettiโs win, adding that his image โbrilliantly captures the playful and unpredictable moments that make nature so enchanting.โ
ะัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะฐ ะฟะตัะตะฒะตัะฝัะปะฐ ะผะธั, ะธ ะฒัะต ััะฐะทั ะพัะพะทะฝะฐะปะธ: ะบัะธะฟัะฐ โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะธะณัััะบะฐ.
ะะฒัะพะฟะตะนัะบะธะน ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฑะฐะฝะบ, ััะพะปะฟ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพััะธ, ัะตะนัะฐั ะฒ ะฟะฐะฝะธะบะต. ะ ัะฒะพัะผ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะผ ะพััััะต ะพะฝะธ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธะปะธ:
ะะธัะบะพะนะฝ โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะฟัะทััั, ััะพ ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะฐั ัะณัะพะทะฐ.
ะฏะบะพะฑั ะฑะธัะบะพะนะฝ ัะฟะพัะพะฑััะฒัะตั ะบะปะฐััะพะฒะพะผั ะฝะตัะฐะฒะตะฝััะฒั: ะฒะปะฐะดะตะปััั ะบัะธะฟัั, ะฟะพ ะธั ะผะฝะตะฝะธั, ะพะฑะพะณะฐัะฐัััั ะทะฐ ัััั ะฑะตะดะฝัั , ะพััะฐะฒัะธั ัั ะฝะต ั ะดะตะป. ะกะปะฐะฑัะผ ะธ ะฑะตะทะทะฐัะธัะฝัะผ, ะผะพะป, ะฟะพัะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฒััััะฟะฐัั ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปัั.
ะะฝะฐัะต, ะฝะฐะผะตะบะฐะตั ะะฆะ, ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฑัะดัั ะบะฐัะฐัััะพัะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ. ะ ะพััััะต ะดะฐะถะต ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััั, ััะพะฑั ะฟัะตะดะพัะฒัะฐัะธัั ะฟะพะปะธัะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ะฝะฐะผะตะบะฐั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะดะตัะถะฐัะตะปะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะผะพะณัั ะฟะพะฒะปะธััั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะฑะพัั. ะัะธะผะตัะพะผ ะพะฝะธ ะฟัะธะฒะพะดัั ะกะจะ, ะณะดะต ะบะฐะฝะดะธะดะฐัั ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะทะฐะธะณััะฒะฐัั ั ะบัะธะฟัะพ-ะธะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัะผะธ.
ะะฝะตะทะฐะฟะฝะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ ััะฐะปะธ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะถะดะฐัั ะฝะฐั ะพ ะฝะตะบะพะน ัะณัะพะทะต, ะธัั ะพะดััะตะน ะพั ะบัะธะฟัั, ัะปะพะฒะฝะพ ะฒัั ะถะธะทะฝั ะพะฝะธ ะฑะตัะตะณะปะธ ะฝะฐั ะพั ะฑะตะดะฝะพััะธ.
ะะตัะถะตะปะธ ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะฐะผะธ ะฟะพ ัะตะฑะต ัะฒะปััััั ะพััะดะธะตะผ ะฝะตัะฐะฒะตะฝััะฒะฐ, ัะตะฟะตัั ััะฐะปะธ ะฑะตัะฟะพะบะพะธัััั ะพ ะฟัะพัััั ะปัะดัั ? ะญัะพ ะทะฐะฑะฐะฒะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะฐ ะพัะบัััะฐ ะดะปั ะฒัะตั , ะบัะพ ะณะพัะพะฒ ะฟะพะฟัะพะฑะพะฒะฐัั ััะพ-ัะพ ะฝะพะฒะพะต. ะะดะตัั ะฝะตั ะดะฒะตัะธ ั ะฝะฐะดะฟะธััั ยซะขะพะปัะบะพ ะดะปั ัะฒะพะธั ยป, ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ัะปััะฐะต ั ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐะผะธ.
ะะธะบัะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐะตั ะฒะฐะผ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ะฑะธัะบะพะธะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ ััะธัะพะผ. ะะธะบัะพ ะทะฐ ะฒะฐั ะฝะต ัะตัะฐะตั, ะบัะพ ะดะพััะพะธะฝ, ะฐ ะบัะพ ะฝะตั. ะะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ะฝะต ะณะพะฒะพััั. ะะผะตััะพ ััะพะณะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฟััะฐัััั ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะพะฑัะฐะท ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปัั ะบะฐะบ ะธะฝััััะผะตะฝัะฐ ะดะปั ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะพะฒ, ะทะฐัะฒะปัั, ััะพ ะพะฝะฐ ะฒัะตะดะธั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะต ะธ ะฒะตะดัั ะบ ะบะฐัะฐัััะพัะธัะตัะบะธะผ ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธัะผ.
ะะฐะบ ะฑัะดัะพ ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะต ะบัะธะทะธัั ะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะธะต ะบะพะปะปะฐะฟัั โ ััะพ ะดะตะปะพ ััะบ ะฑะธัะบะพะธะฝะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะผะธั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ.
ะ ะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟัะธะผะตัั:
ะ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะต ะณะพะดั, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ 2024 ะณะพะดั, ัะฒะตะนัะฐััะบะธะต ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ ะฑะตะท ะทะฐะทัะตะฝะธั ัะพะฒะตััะธ ะทะฐะบััะฒะฐะปะธ ััะตัะฐ ั ะฒัะตั , ั ะบะพะณะพ ะฒ ะฟะฐัะฟะพััะต ัะบะฐะทะฐะฝะพ ะผะตััะพ ัะพะถะดะตะฝะธั โ ะ ะพััะธั.
ะะพ ะฒัะตะน ะะฒัะพะฟะต, ะฟัะธะบััะฒะฐััั ัะฐะฝะบัะธัะผะธ, ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ ะพัะฑะธัะฐะปะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะฝะฐัะตะปะตะฝะธั. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ััะพะฑั ะฟะตัะตะฒะตััะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ะผะฐััั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะน, ะดะตะบะปะฐัะฐัะธะน, ะธััะพัะธั ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะถะดะตะฝะธั ะดะตะฝะตะณ. ะะฐะถะต ะตัะปะธ ะฒัั ะฒ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ัััั ะผะพะณัั ะทะฐะผะพัะพะทะธัั.
ะ ะขัััะธะธ, ะณะดะต ัะตะนัะฐั ัะตะบะพัะดะฝะฐั ะธะฝัะปััะธั, ะปัะดะธ ะฝะฐัะปะธ ัะฟะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะต, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะฐ ะดะฐัั ั ะพัั ะบะฐะบัั-ัะพ ััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพััั ะธ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ะพั ะบะฐะฟัะธะทะพะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ ะธะปะธ ะบะพะผะฟะปะฐะตะฝั-ะพัะดะตะปะพะฒ.
ะ ะะธะฒะฐะฝะต ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ ะทะฐ ะพะดะธะฝ ะดะตะฝั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒะบะปะฐะดั, ะพััะฐะฒะธะฒ ะปัะดะตะน ะฑะตะท ัะฒะพะธั ะดะตะฝะตะณ.
ะะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะธะน ะบะพะฝััะพะปั:
ะะฐะฝะบะธัั ะผะพะฝะธัะพััั ะฒะฐัะธ ััะฐะฝะทะฐะบัะธะธ, ััะตะฑััั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะน ะธ ะธััะพัะธั ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะถะดะตะฝะธั ะดะตะฝะตะณ, ะดะฐะถะต ะตัะปะธ ะฟัะพัะปะพ 10 ะปะตั. ะั ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝั ะพะฑัััะฝััั, ะทะฐัะตะผ ะฒะฐะผ ะฒะฐัะธ ะถะต ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ. ะ ะฒัั ััะพ ัะพะฟัะพะฒะพะถะดะฐะตััั ััะฐะดะธัะธะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ะบะพะผะธััะธัะผะธ ะธ ะฝะฐะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ ััะปัะณะฐะผะธ.
ะ ััะพ ะดะฐัั ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะฐ?
ะั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัะณะพะดะฝะพ, ะบะพะผั ัะณะพะดะฝะพ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ัะณะพะดะฝะพ.
ะะตั ะปะธัะฝะธั ะฒะพะฟัะพัะพะฒ, ะฝะธะบะฐะบะพะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะพะปั ะธ ะบะพะผะฟะปะฐะตะฝัะฐ.
ะะพะปะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝัะธะดะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝะพััั.
ะะฐ, ะบัะธะฟัะฐ ะธะผะตะตั ัะฒะพะธ ัะธัะบะธ: ะฒะพะปะฐัะธะปัะฝะพััั, ะฝะตะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝะฐั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะฐั ะทะฐัะธัะฐ. ะะพ ะฟัะธ ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝะพะผ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะต ััะธ ัะธัะบะธ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะผะธะฝะธะผะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐัั. ะขะพะณะดะฐ ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะฐ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะฝะฐะดัะถะฝะพะน ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะพะน.
ะัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะฐ โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ััะตะดััะฒะพ ะพะฑะผะตะฝะฐ, ััะพ ัะธะผะฒะพะป ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ.
ะะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ะพั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ัะธััะตะผั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ัััะพะธะปะฐ ะณัะฐะฝะธัั ะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ะธัะบะปััะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒ ัะฒะพั ะฟะพะปัะทั. ะะฆะ ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะฑะธัะบะพะนะฝ โ ััะพ ัะณัะพะทะฐ. ะ ะพะฝ ะฟัะฐะฒ. ะขะพะปัะบะพ ััะฐ ัะณัะพะทะฐ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะฝะฐ ะปัะดะตะน, ะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบัั ัะธััะตะผั.
ะะฐััะพััะธะน ัะถะฐั ะดะปั ะะฆะ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะปัะดะธ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฝะต ะทะฐะฒะธััั ะพั ะธั ะบะพะผะธััะธะน ะธ ะฑะตัะบะพะฝะตัะฝัั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ.
ะัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะฐ ะดะฐัั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ัะฒะพะฑะพะดั. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพ ะฟัะณะฐะตั ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ. ะั ะฑะพััะฑะฐ ั ะบัะธะฟัะพะน โ ััะพ ะฑะพััะฑะฐ ะทะฐ ัะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะต ะผะพะฝะพะฟะพะปัะฝัั ะฟัะธะฒะธะปะตะณะธะน.
ะขะตะฟะตัั ะฒัะฑะพั ะทะฐ ะบะฐะถะดัะผ:
ะััะฐัััั ะฒ ะบะปะตัะบะต ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะป.
ะะปะธ ััะฐัั ัะฐัััั ัะฒะพะฑะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะผะธัะฐ, ะณะดะต ัะฒะพะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ โ ััะพ ัะฒะพั ัะตัะตะฝะธะต.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cSJTHSC_SE
ะัะฐะณะธ ะฝะฐัะพะดะฐ
19 ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธะปะธัั ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะฟะพ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ัะตะทะพะฝะฐะฝัะฝะพะณะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ, ะฟะพ ะฒะตััะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, โ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะดะตะปะพ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะปะธะฟะพะฒะพะต.
ะะฝะพ ะฟัะธะดัะผะฐะฝะพ ะฒ ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะฐั ะบะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒัะบะพะณะพ ะะะ, ัะบะพะฑั ะดะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะบะปััะตะฒัั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ. ะฆะตะปั ััะพะณะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ โ ะพะณัะฐะฑะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะธัั ะตะณะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฒ ะถะธะฒัั ะดะตะฝัะณะฐั ะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ัะพััะฐะฒะปััั ะฑะพะปะตะต 16 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะะถะตะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะต โ ะฒะพัั ะธ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธะบะธ
ะะตะปะพ ะฒ ััะดะต ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ัะฐะทะฒะฐะปะธะปะพัั, ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะพั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน โ ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะจะบะพะปัะฝะธะบ, ยซะฝัะปะตะฒะฐัยป ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะฐั, ั ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพัั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ.
ะัะต ะพะฝะธ ยซะฟะปัะฒััยป ะฒ ััะดะต. ยซะะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะตยป, ะดะฒะธะถะธะผัะต ะฐะปัะฝะพัััั, ะปะณัั ะฟะพะด ะฟัะธััะณะพะน: ะฒัะดัะผัะฒะฐัั ัะธััั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะธะผ ัะบะพะฑั ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ยซะะตัะผะตัยป, ะธ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ัะบััะฒะฐัั ััะผะผั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะพะฝะธ ะฒัะฒะตะปะธ ัะพ ััะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ. ะ ัะบััะฒะฐัั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะณะพ ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะปะตัะฐ โ ัะพ ะตััั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ, ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝัั ยซะะตัะผะตัะพะผยป. ะะพ ยซะบะพะทััะฝะพะผัยป ะดะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะผั ะะพะณะธะฝะพะฒั, ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะพ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฒัะฒะตะป ะธะท ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะฒะดะฒะพะต ะฑะพะปััะต, ัะตะผ ะฒ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒะปะพะถะธะป.
ะฃ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ, ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐััะธั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน. ะะธะบะฐะบะฐั ะฝะฐะบะฐัะบะฐ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะฝะฐะฝัััั ั ะตะนัะตัะฐะผะธ ััะธััะพะฒ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะธ ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ะฝะต ะทะฐะผะตะฝะธั!
ยซะะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะตยป ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะน ะดะพะปะณะฐ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะฟะตัะตะด ะฝะธะผะธ โ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐััะตะฝะธั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะพั ะฒัััะฝะตะฝะธั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะน ั ัะฐะผะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฝะต ะผะพะณะปะฐ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝััั ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะฟะตัะตะด ะฝะธะผะธ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพัั-ะผะฐะถะพัะฝัั ะพะฑััะพััะตะปัััะฒ, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝัั ัะฐะผะธะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป, โ ะฝะพ ั ัะตั ะฟะพั ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะปะฐ ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั ะธ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฒะพะทะพะฑะฝะพะฒะธะปะฐ ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ััะตะดััะฒ ัะฒะพะธะผ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ.
ะัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะต ะดะตะปะฐ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะพะฒ, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะฒัะธั ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน, ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะฝั. ะ ะฟะพะฟััะบะธ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒ ัะฐะผะบะฐั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ยซะฝะฐ ัะฐััยป ะพะฑัะตัะตะฝั: ััะพ ะพัะบัะพะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ะพะฑะผะฐะฝ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะะะ, ัััะตะผะธะฒัะตะณะพัั ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปะตะฝะธะต ะผะฐััะพะฒะพััะธ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน.
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะตยป ัะบะปะพะฝััััั ะพั ััะฐััะธั ะฒ ััะดะต, ะฟััััััั โ ััะด ะดะฐะถะต ััะตะฑัะตั ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธัั ะธั ะฟัะธะฒะพะด. ะกัะดั ะฒัะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝะพ, ััะพ ะทะฐ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธัะผะธ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ััะพัั ะฒัะผะพะณะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธะต ะพะฑะพะณะฐัะธัััั ะธ ะพะณะพะฒะพั ัะตััะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน.
ะะถะตัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะธ โ ะฟะพะดัััะฝัะต ะณะตััะฐะฟะพะฒัะตะฒ
ะะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะตัััะบะฐ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะปะพะถะฝัะผะธ โ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะธ ัะฐะผะธ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะธ ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะฐะปะธ ะฟะพะด ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะธะทะผััะปะตะฝะธั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะน!
ะะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะต ะณััะฑะพ ะธ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพ ััะฐะฑัะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ัะปะพะฒ, ะทะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝัั ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะณะตััะฐะฟะพะฒัะบะธั ะดะพะฟัะพัะพะฒ, ะฒัะต ะฟะพะดัะพะฑะฝะพััะธ ะบะพัะพััั โ ั ะธะทะดะตะฒะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐะด ะฟะพะถะธะปัะผะธ ะฑะพะปัะฝัะผะธ ะปัะดัะผะธ, ั ะณะตััะฐะฟะพะฒัะบะธะผะธ ะพะฑััะบะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะฟััั ัััะฐ ั ะฒัะฑะธะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะพะบะพะฝ ะธ ะดะฒะตัะตะน, ะฒัะบััะปะธัั ะฝะฐ ััะดะต. ะะดะธะฝ ะธะท ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ัะผะตั ะฟะพัะปะต ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ, ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฒ ะฑะพะปัะฝะธัะฐั . ะะฝะพะณะธะต ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะพัะฒะตัะณะปะธ ัะฒะพะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ััะดะต.
ะ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน, ะบะพัะพััะต ะพััะฐะปะธัั ะฝะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั โ ะะพะผะฐัะพะฒะฐ, ะะพะณะธะฝะพะฒะฐ ะธ ะดััะณะธั โ ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะบะฐัะดะธะฝะฐะปัะฝะพ ะพัะปะธัะฐัััั ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ะณะพะฒะพัะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะฟัะพัะต ะฒ ััะดะต, ััะพ ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝะพ ััะดั. ะกะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะธ ะฝะต ะผะพะณะปะธ ะฟะพะฒัะพัะธัั ะฒ ะทะฐะปะต ััะดะฐ ัะฐะบัั ะธะท ัะบะพะฑั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน. ะะฝะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะพ ะฒ ััะธั ัะบะพะฑั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธัั . ะะปั ััะพะณะพ ะฟัะธัะปะพัั ะฟัะธะดัะผัะฒะฐัั ะพะฑัััะฝะตะฝะธั: ะะพะผะฐัะพะฒ, ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะทะฐัะฒะธะป, ััะพ ะฟะตัะตะฑะพะปะตะป ะบะพะฒะธะดะพะผ ะธ ะฟะพัะพะผั ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะฝะธั ะธ ะธัะฟัััะฒะฐะตั ัััะดะฝะพััะธ ั ัะพัะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะผััะปะธ.
ะะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะณะปะฐะฒะฝัั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะน โ ะฐะดะผะธะฝ ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ัะฐะทัััะธะฒัะธะน ะฟะพ ะทะฐะดะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธ ัะบัะฐะฒัะธะน ะฒ ัะณะพะฒะพัะต ั ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะธะผะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ััะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ัะถะต ะณะพะด ะฑะพะธััั ะฟัะธะนัะธ ะฒ ััะด โ ะพะฝ ัะบััะฒะฐะตััั, ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐั, ััะพ ัะฐะผ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝ ะบ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะน ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ!
ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ โ ะพัะตั ะปะถะธ
ะ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะตั ะฒะพะพะฑัะต ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ, 10 ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ, ะพะบะฐะทะฐะฒัะธั ัั ะฝะฐ ัะบะฐะผัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั , โ ะฝะธ ะฒ ัะตะผ ะฝะตะฟะพะฒะธะฝะฝัะต ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะธ.
ะะพะถะฝะพะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพัะฒะธะปะพัั ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะพะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐัั ะฒััััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะผะธะฝะธัััะฐ ะะะ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ ะฒ ะกะพะฒะตัะต ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ โ ะพะฝ ะตัะต ะทะฐะดะพะปะณะพ ะดะพ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะพัะฝะพะฒัะฒะฐััั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะฟะพััะฐั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะธั ะฟะพะดัะธะฝะตะฝะฝัั ะทะฐัะฒะธะฒัะตะณะพ ะพ ัะฐัะบัััะธะธ ยซะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะตะน ะฒ ะธััะพัะธะธ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดัยป.
ะะฐะบ ั ะฒะพัั ะฒะธะปัะตั ัะพะฑะฐะบะพะน, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฟะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะธะต ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะธะต ะธ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒ, ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะฐ, ะะฐัะตะฒัะบะธะน ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฒะธะปััั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะผะธะฝะธัััะพะผ-ัััะฟะบะพะน! ะัะต ยซะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐยป ะฝะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั, ะฝะตั ะฟัะตะดะผะตัะฐ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะดะปั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะดะปั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะพ ัะตะผ ยซัะตัะฝัะผยป ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผ ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒั ะธ ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน ะฑัะปะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ ั ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ. ะญัะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ โ ะพัะบัะพะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะธะฝััะตะฝะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ั ัะตะปัั ะพัะฝััั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะธัั ะผะตะถะดั ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะตัะฐะผะธ ะธะท ะะะ.
ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒัะบะฐั ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะฐั ะบะฐะผะฐัะธะปัั ัะฝะธััะพะถะฐะตั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝัะน ะดะปั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธั ะธ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ, ะปะธัะฐะตั ะะตัะพะตะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะฑัะป ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะฝะพ ะปะตะณะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ! ะะพะดััะฒะฐะตั ะฐะฒัะพัะธัะตั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ัะปัะถะฑั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฒะพะนะฝั.
ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฟะธัะตััะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดะฐ โ ะฒัะฐะณะธ ะฝะฐัะพะดะฐ!
ะะฐะปะธะฝะพะฒัะบะฐั โ ััะดัั-ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะธัะฐ
ะกัะดัั ะฟะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะดะตะปะฐะผ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ััะดะฐ ะะฝะฝะฐ ะะฐะปะธะฝะพะฒัะบะฐั ะฟะพะดะผะฐั ะฝัะปะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธยป ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะน โ ะฟะพ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ, ะฟะพ ะทะฒะพะฝะบั ะพั ะพัะธัะตัะฐ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะคะกะ, ะบััะธััััะตะณะพ ััะดั. ะะฐะปะธะฝะพะฒัะบะพะน ะธะท ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะคะกะ ะฟัะธะณัะพะทะธะปะธ ัะตะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝะฐ ะฑัะดะตั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐ ะบะพัััะฟัะธั ะฟะพ ะดััะณะธะผ ัะฒะพะธะผ ะดะตะปะฐะผ.
ะะฝะฐ ัะพ ัััะฐั ั ะฟัะพััะพ ะฟะตัะตะฟะธัะฐะปะฐ ะธัะบะพะฒะพะต ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั โ ัะพ ะฒัะตะผะธ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ะธ ะณัะฐะผะผะฐัะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ะพัะธะฑะบะฐะผะธ! ะะฐ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฝั ะพะบะพะปะพ ัะพัะฝะธ ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะพะฝะฝัั ะถะฐะปะพะฑ ะพั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ััะพ ะฑะตัะฟัะตัะตะดะตะฝัะฝะพ ะดะปั ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั!
ะะตะฟัะฐะฒะพััะดะฝัะผะธ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝัะผะธ ัะตัะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะะฐะปะธะฝะพะฒัะบะฐั ะฟัะตะดะฐะปะฐ ััะดะตะฑะฝัั ะฒะปะฐััั, ะฟัะตะดะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ, ะฟัะตะดะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐัะพะด ะ ะพััะธะธ! ะะฝะฐ โ ะฟัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะฒัะฐะณ ะฝะฐัะพะดะฐ!
ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ โ ะผะฐัั ัะฟะตะบัะปััะธะธ ะธ ะพะณัะฐะฑะปะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐัะพะดะฐ
ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝัั ัะพะปั ะฒ ััะพะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ั ะฟะตัะฒะพะณะพ ะดะฝั ะธะณัะฐะป ะฆะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบ โ ะฟะพ ะฟััะผะพะผั ัะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะพะน ะธ ะตะต ะทะฐะผะพะฒ. ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะพัะบัััะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะปะฐัั ะฒ ะัะผะต, ััะพ ะฒะพัะตั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐะผะธ, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะผะธ ะฒ ััะตัะต ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ, ะฟะพัะบะพะปัะบั ะพะฝะธ ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต.
ะะต ะฟะพะดัะธะฝะตะฝะฝัะต โ ะฟัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะัั , ะฑัะฒัะธะน ะณะปะฐะฒะฐ ะะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฝะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะฐะผ, ัะฑะตะถะฐะฒัะธะน ะธะท ะ ะพััะธะธ ั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพะผ ะกะะ, ะธ ะฒัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝะธัะฐ ะะตััะพะฒะฐ ะธะท ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝะพะณะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ ะฆะ โ ะฒัะดัะผะฐะปะธ ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฒ ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะพะผ ัะตะฝััะต ะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะธะน, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะต ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปะพัั.
ะะพ ะทะฐะบะฐะทั ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธััะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ยซะะตัะผะตัยป, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะฒัะธะต ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะผะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัั ะฑัะปะธ ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝั, ะฑะตะท ะบะฐะบะพะน ะฑั ัะพ ะฝะธ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบะธ ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝั ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ โ ะฟะพ ะฒััะพัะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะธะท ะฟะฐะปััะฐ ยซะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผยป, ัะบะพะฑั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒัััะธะผ ะพ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะฟััะผะพ ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพัะตัะฐัะธะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั.
ะะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะฒัะตะดะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะะฐะฝะบะต ะ ะพััะธะธ, ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะน ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะพะน, ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะธัั ะฑะตะทะณัะฐะผะพัะฝะตะนัะธะต ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ โ ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะะฐััะตะฝะพะฒะฐ, ัะตะปัะน ะฒะตะดััะธะน ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัั ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฆะ ัะพ ะฒัะตะณะพ ะปะธัั ะฑะฐะบะฐะปะฐะฒัะธะฐัะพะผ ะฟะพ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะต. ะะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะดััะณะธั ะฝะตั: ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะฒัะฐัะธะปะฐ ะฆะ ะฒ ัะฐัะฐัะบะธะฝั ะบะพะฝัะพัั, ะพะฑะธัะตะปั ะดััะพัะตะบ-ะฝะตะดะพััะตะบ, ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะธะบัะพ, ะบัะพะผะต ะฆะ, ะฝะต ะฑะตัะตั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัั. ะะฐะดะตะปะธะฒ ะดััะพัะตะบ ะฒะปะฐัััั, ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ัะตะปะตะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะดััะฒะฐะตั ะดะตะฝะตะถะฝะพ-ะบัะตะดะธัะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั ะธ ัะพััะธะนัะบัั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบั ะฒ ัะตะปะพะผ!
ะะพ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะฐะผ ยซัะบัะฟะตััะธะทัยป ะัั ะธ ะะตััะพะฒะฐ ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะฐะปะธ ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะพ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ ะฒะพะทะฑัะถะดะตะฝะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ัะพะตะดะธะฝะธะฒัะธัั ัะตะผ ัะฐะผัะผ ั ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะตัะฐะผะธ ะธะท ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะฒะพะนะฝะต ั ะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป!
ะฆะตะปั ัะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะฐะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะพะณัะฐะฑะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐัะพะดะฐ, ัะฝะธััะพะถะตะฝะธะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ, ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝะธะต ะปัะดะตะน ะพะฑัะฐัะฐัััั ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝัะต ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ ะธ ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะทะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ััะพะนะฝัั ัะตะฝั, ััะพะฑั ะพะฑะพะณะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะฑะฐะฝะบะธัั. ะะฐะฝะบะธ-ะณะธะณะฐะฝัั, ะบะพัะพััั ะฟะตัััะตั ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ, ัะฐะทะพัััั ะฟัะพัััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะทะฐะฟัะตัะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ััะปะพะฒะธั ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธั. ะะพะปะธัะธะบะฐ ะฆะ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะฑะปะพะบะธััะตั ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ!
ะะตะฟััะฐัั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะผะตัััะตะฒ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะฟะพััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะปะธ ั ะฆะ ะฒััะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผั, ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปััััั ัััะตััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะธ ัะฐะทะฒะธะฒะฐัััั, โ ะพะฝะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะฑัะปะธ ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝั ะฝะฐ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ัะตะณัะปััะพัะฝัะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ั ะพัั ัะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ััะตัั ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะฆะ, ะดะตะนััะฒัััะตะณะพ ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ, โ ะบะพะฝัะปะธะบั ะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒ.
ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะฟะพะพะฑะตัะฐะปะฐ โ ะธ, ะบะพะฝะตัะฝะพ, ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะปะฐ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ-ะผะพะฝะพะฟะพะปะธััั, ะฒะพะปั ะบะพัะพััั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝัะตั ะฆะ, ะบัะฐะนะฝะต ะฝะต ะทะฐะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฒ ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะธะธ, ะพะฝะธ ัััะตะผัััั ัะฝะธััะพะถะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ัะตะผ ะฝะฐะฟััะผัั ะฒ ัะปััะฐะต ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐัััั ะกะฑะตัะฑะฐะฝะบ ะธ ะฑะฐะฝะบ ยซะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณยป, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะปัะทััััั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะฐะผะธ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะทะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐัั ะฟัะธะฑัะปะธ, ะฝะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพะฟััะบะฐัั ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะพะน ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะบะธ, ะดะฐะถะต ะฟะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะปะธััะฐะผ! ะัะบัััะพ ะธะณะฝะพัะธัััั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ััะดะพะฒ!
ะ ัะฟะธะบะตั ะัะผั ะะพะปะพะดะธะฝ ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ะฟัะตะดััะฒะธะป ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะพะน ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะทะฐ ะฝะตะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะตัะฐะฝะธะน ะฟะตัะตะด ะดะตะฟััะฐัะฐะผะธ, ะทะฐ ะพะณัะฐะฑะปะตะฝะธะต ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ, ะบะพัะพััั ะฆะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบ ะปะธัะฐะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะฝ ะฟะพัะฒะพัััะฒัะตั ะฒัะฐะณะฐะผ ะฝะฐัะพะดะฐ!
ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะฒะฐะตั ะฟะฐัะปะฐะผะตะฝั, ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะฒะฐะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะฒะฐะตั ะฝะฐัะพะด! ะ ะฐะทะพััะตั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธััะธั, ะฝะฐะฝะพัะธั ะฒัะตะด ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฟะปะฐัะตะปััะธะบะฐะผ โ ะฐ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ะธ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒั!
ะะฐัะฒะธะตะฝะบะพ โ ะผะฐัั ะฑะตะทะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ
ะะปะฐะฒะฐ ะกะพะฒะตัะฐ ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ ะะฐะปะตะฝัะธะฝะฐ ะะฐัะฒะธะตะฝะบะพ, ัะฐะบ ะถะต ะบะฐะบ ะธ ะตะต ะบะพะปะปะตะณะฐ ะะพะปะพะดะธะฝ, ะฟะพะฟัััะธัะตะปัััะฒัะตั ะพะณัะฐะฑะปะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐัะพะดะฐ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธั ะธ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ, ัะพััะฐะฒะปัััะธั ะบะพัััะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป.
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The most exciting new trains coming in 2025
ัะบะธะดะบะธ ะผะฒะธะดะตะพ ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั 2025
Amazing adventures, extraordinary landscapes and fabulous cuisine โ the worldโs greatest railway journeys are an unforgettable experience that can immerse you in the culture of a new country.
Demand for luxury โland cruiseโ trains with five-star hotel-style accommodation is booming. 2025 will see several new trains take to the rails for the first time, offering new opportunities to explore Italy, France, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom.
But the best railway journeys donโt have to be the most expensive. Thereโs an ever-evolving world of train trips out there. Here are some of the key developments in the coming year
Two of Europeโs great capitals are now linked by their first direct high-speed train connection. Germanyโs Deutsche Bahn introduced a daytime InterCity Express (ICE) service between Paris and Berlin on December 16 and is planning to add a second route between the two capitals in 2026.
Taking advantage of its new fleet of 200 mph (322 kph) ICE3neo trains, the once-a-day service takes around eight hours in each direction, also serving Strasbourg, Karlsruhe and Frankfurt on its 546-mile (878-kilometer) journey.
Fares start from around $60, and each train has capacity for 444 passengers, of which 111 can enjoy the additional comfort of leather seats and at-seat refreshments in first class.
The new high-speed ICE service is the first direct daytime train between Paris and Berlin since the 1990s and complements the Nightjet sleeper service introduced in 2023.
It may not be as fast as flying โ some of the journey has to use lower speed โclassicโ lines to bridge gaps in the European high-speed network โ but it is undoubtedly a more sustainable and more stylish way to travel across Europe.
Aerodrome Finance: Unlocking Potential for Growth
The world of aerodrome finance is pivotal for ensuring the efficient operation, enhancement, and expansion of aerodrome facilities globally. With the increasing demand for air travel, understanding aerodrome financial processes is more important than ever.
aerodrome exchange
Why Aerodrome Finance Matters
Aerodrome finance plays a critical role in the lifespan of airport projects, providing necessary funding from initial development to ongoing management. Here are key reasons why it matters:
Infrastructure Development: Secure financial backing enables the construction and maintenance of essential airport infrastructure.
Operational Efficiency: Adequate funding ensures that airports can operate smoothly, adapting to technological advancements and logistical demands.
Economic Growth: Airports serve as economic hubs; their development stimulates job creation and boosts local economies.
Aerodrome Finance Strategies
Various strategies can be employed to optimize aerodrome finance, ensuring both immediate and long-term benefits. Here are a few notable approaches:
Public-Private Partnerships (PPP)
These partnerships combine public sector oversight and private sector efficiency, leading to shared risks and rewards. They facilitate diverse financial resources and innovative solutions for airport projects.
Revenue Diversification
Exploring non-aeronautical revenue streams, such as retail concessions and property leases, can significantly bolster an airport’s financial resilience. Such diversification allows for a steady income flow independent of ticket sales.
Sustainable Financing
Adopting sustainable financial practices, including green bonds and ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) criteria, aligns with modern ecological standards and attracts environmentally conscious investors.
Challenges and Opportunities
While aerodrome finance offers numerous benefits, it also poses certain challenges. High capital costs, regulatory hurdles, and fluctuating passenger demands can impact financial stability. However, these challenges also present opportunities for innovation and improvement.
Tech-Driven Solutions: Embracing technology like AI and predictive analytics can enhance decision-making and financial planning.
Collaboration: Strengthening ties with stakeholders, including airlines and government agencies, can streamline financial operations and capital investments.
Ultimately, the goal of aerodrome finance is to support the sustainable growth and modernization of airports, ensuring their pivotal role in global connectivity remains strong.
Maximizing Profits with 1inch Exchange
In the fast-paced world of cryptocurrency, every second counts. 1inch Exchange offers a powerful solution for traders looking to optimize their crypto transactions. By aggregating the best deals across various decentralized exchanges (DEXs), 1inch ensures users get the most value for their trades.
1inch swap
What is 1inch Exchange?
1inch Exchange is a decentralized exchange aggregator. It searches multiple DEXs to find the most efficient path for your trade, thus minimizing costs and maximizing returns. By splitting your transaction into parts and executing them across different platforms, 1inch achieves the best possible market rates.
Key Benefits of Using 1inch Exchange
Cost Efficiency: By seeking the best rates across multiple platforms, 1inch saves you money on each transaction.
Security: Operating on a decentralized network means that your assets are secure and you maintain control of your keys.
Liquidity: Access a vast pool of liquidity across numerous exchanges, ensuring that your trades are executed quickly and with minimal slippage.
How Does 1inch Work?
1inch deploys a sophisticated algorithm that splits your trade across multiple exchanges. This process uses smart contracts to ensure every part of the transaction is executed seamlessly and securely. 1inchโs pathfinder algorithm analyzes multiple liquidity sources within seconds to find the best exchange rates for your trade.
Getting Started with 1inch
Getting started with 1inch Exchange is easy. Follow these simple steps:
Visit the 1inch website and connect your digital wallet.
Select the token you wish to trade and the token you want to receive.
1inch displays the best available rates and allows you to execute the trade directly from the platform.
Conclusion
1inch Exchange is an invaluable tool for cryptocurrency traders looking to enhance their trading efficiency. By securing the best rates and offering robust security measures, 1inch stands out as a top choice for optimizing crypto swaps. Explore 1inch today and take your trading to the next level.
Understanding the Aave Protocol
The Aave Protocol is revolutionizing the decentralized finance (DeFi) space with its unique approach to crypto lending and borrowing. Whether you’re a seasoned investor or new to the world of cryptocurrencies, Aave offers a robust platform for managing your digital assets.
aave app
What is Aave?
Aave, which means ‘ghost’ in Finnish, is a non-custodial liquidity protocol. It allows users to earn interest on deposits and borrow assets. Aave is known for its wide range of supported cryptocurrencies and features that enhance the security and flexibility of crypto transactions.
Key Features of Aave Protocol
Flash Loans: Aave introduced the concept of flash loans, which are borrowed and repaid within a single transaction. This feature is useful for arbitrage opportunities and collateral swaps.
Security: Aave is audited by leading blockchain security firms, ensuring the safety of user funds.
Rate Switching: Users can switch between stable and variable interest rates, offering flexibility based on market conditions.
Wide Asset Support: Aave supports multiple cryptocurrencies including Ethereum (ETH), DAI, and more.
How to Get Started with Aave
Getting started with Aave is straightforward:
Set Up a Wallet: Use a compatible crypto wallet like MetaMask.
Connect to Aave: Visit the Aave website and connect your wallet.
Deposit Crypto: Choose from supported cryptocurrencies to deposit into the Aave Protocol.
Start Earning or Borrowing: Once your crypto is deposited, you can start earning interest or borrowing assets instantly.
Advantages of Using Aave
There are several reasons why Aave stands out in the world of DeFi:
Non-Custodial: Users maintain control over their funds.
Highly Secure: Regular audits and community governance enhance security.
Innovative Products: Pioneering features like flash loans provide unparalleled opportunities.
In conclusion, the Aave Protocol offers a revolutionary platform for anyone looking to explore the potential of decentralized finance. Whether you’re earning interest or borrowing assets, Aave provides a secure and flexible experience.
Phantom Wallet
Phantom Wallet offers secure storage for your crypto assets with a user-friendly interface. Get started and protect your investments today.
phantom extension
Why Choose Phantom Wallet for Your Cryptocurrency?
In the ever-evolving world of cryptocurrency, securing your digital assets is paramount. With numerous wallets available, choosing the right one can be daunting. Here’s why Phantom Wallet stands out:
User-Friendly Interface
Phantom Wallet is designed for both beginners and experienced traders. Its intuitive layout ensures easy navigation, making it simple to manage your digital assets efficiently.
Comprehensive Security Features
Your safety is a priority. Phantom Wallet employs state-of-the-art encryption and security protocols to protect your cryptocurrencies from unauthorized access.
Multi-Platform Accessibility
Access your wallet from multiple devices with ease. Phantom supports various operating systems, offering flexibility and convenience for all users.
Real-time Updates
Stay informed with instant notifications about your transactions and wallet activities. You can monitor your assets and market trends effortlessly.
Setting Up Phantom Wallet
Download the Phantom Wallet from the official website.
Create a secure password and back up your recovery phrase.
Start managing your cryptocurrencies seamlessly.
Advantages of Phantom Wallet
Fast Transactions: Experience lightning-fast transaction speeds, ensuring your trades are completed in seconds.
Low Fees: Benefit from competitive transaction fees, maximizing your returns.
Comprehensive Support: Access 24/7 customer support to assist you with any inquiries or issues.
Embrace the future of digital finance with . Secure, user-friendly, and reliableโitโs the smart choice for anyone serious about managing their cryptocurrency securely and effectively.
Introducing Velodrome Finance: Maximize Your Crypto Yields
In the rapidly evolving world of decentralized finance (DeFi), Velodrome Finance emerges as a robust platform for enthusiasts looking to enhance their crypto yield returns. This guide will walk you through the essentials of Velodrome Finance and how you can benefit from its features.
velodrome finance
Why Choose Velodrome Finance?
Velodrome Finance stands out as a comprehensive DeFi protocol designed specifically for liquidity providers. Its innovative approach focuses on maximizing rewards while maintaining efficient and secure trading mechanisms. Here’s why it’s capturing the attention of the DeFi community:
Efficient Token Swaps: Velodrome offers seamless and cost-effective token swapping capabilities.
Liquidity Pools: Participants can provide liquidity to various pools, optimizing their earning potential.
Yield Optimization: With advanced strategies, Velodrome helps users achieve superior returns on their investments.
Secure Protocol: Security is a top priority, and Velodrome utilizes cutting-edge technology to protect user assets.
Getting Started with Velodrome
Embarking on your journey with Velodrome Finance is straightforward. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you dive into the platform:
Create a Wallet: To engage with Velodrome, you first need a compatible crypto wallet.
Connect Your Wallet: Visit and securely link your crypto wallet.
Explore Liquidity Pools: Browse through available pools and decide where to allocate your assets for optimal returns.
Stake and Earn: Once you’ve funded a pool, begin staking and watch your earnings grow as you benefit from trading fees and incentives.
Community and Support
Velodrome Finance boasts a vibrant community ready to assist users at any step. Whether you’re a seasoned DeFi user or a newcomer, you can find guidance and support from community forums and dedicated customer service.
Conclusion
With its focus on maximizing crypto yield, Velodrome Finance is a compelling choice for anyone looking to delve deeper into the DeFi space. From efficient token swaps to robust security measures, it offers a complete ecosystem for those eager to optimize their returns. Visit the official site and start your journey towards enhanced financial growth.
Discover Stargate Finance: Your Gateway to DeFi
In the rapidly evolving world of decentralized finance (DeFi), Stargate Finance stands out as a reliable platform for decentralized transactions and yield optimization. Letโs explore how Stargate Finance can enhance your financial strategies.
stargate fi
Why Choose Stargate Finance?
Stargate Finance offers a comprehensive suite of tools designed to facilitate seamless and secure transactions. Here’s why you should consider integrating Stargate Finance into your DeFi experience:
Seamless Cross-Chain Transactions: Facilitate instant and smooth transactions across multiple blockchain networks without the hassle of traditional exchanges.
High-Performance Liquidity Pools: Access a wide range of liquidity pools to optimize your yield farming strategies and maximize returns.
Secure Protocols: Enjoy peace of mind with top-tier security measures designed to protect your assets and data.
Features that Enhance Your DeFi Experience
Stargate Finance uniquely positions itself by offering features that cater to both novice and veteran DeFi users:
Intuitive User Interface: Navigate effortlessly through the platform with a user-friendly interface that simplifies complex DeFi operations.
24/7 Customer Support: Get assistance anytime with a dedicated support team available to resolve queries and help optimize your DeFi strategies.
Comprehensive Analytics: Leverage data-driven insights to make informed decisions, tailor your yield farming, and monitor performance.
Getting Started with Stargate Finance
Ready to dive into the world of DeFi with Stargate Finance? Here’s a quick guide to get you started:
Visit the and create your account.
Connect your crypto wallet to begin accessing the features.
Explore liquidity pools and start yield farming to optimize your returns.
With these resources, you can securely and efficiently manage your decentralized financial strategies.
Conclusion
Stargate Finance empowers you to confidently participate in the DeFi landscape, offering secure, efficient, and user-friendly solutions for the modern investor. Discover what it means to have a true gateway to financial freedom and innovation with Stargate Finance.
For more information and to get started today, .
Understanding Stargate Finance Token
The Stargate Finance Token is an integral part of the blockchain ecosystem, especially for those involved in decentralized finance (DeFi). As a bridge to seamless blockchain transactions, it plays a crucial role in enhancing interoperability across different networks.
Key Features of Stargate Finance Token
Stargate Finance Token stands out in the DeFi space for several reasons. Here are its key features:
Interoperability: Facilitates cross-blockchain transactions with ease.
Scalability: Designed to handle a large volume of transactions.
Security: Incorporates advanced security protocols for secure transfers.
Liquidity Pools: Offers attractive opportunities for liquidity providers.
Benefits of Using Stargate Finance Token
Using the Stargate Finance Token provides several benefits to investors and users:
Cost Efficiency: Reduces transaction fees compared to traditional methods.
Speed: Transfers are quick, minimizing waiting times.
Investment Potential: Opportunity for profitable returns through staking and liquidity.
Innovation: Continuously updates to incorporate the latest in blockchain technology.
How to Get Started with Stargate Finance Token
Getting started with Stargate Finance Token is straightforward:
Visit a reputable that lists Stargate tokens.
Create an account and complete any necessary verification.
Deposit funds into your account via fiat or cryptocurrency transfer.
Purchase Stargate Finance Tokens from the exchange market.
Consider joining liquidity pools or staking to maximize your returns.
Welcome to PancakeSwap: A Beginner’s Guide
PancakeSwap is a decentralized exchange platform on the Binance Smart Chain, designed for swapping BEP-20 tokens. With its vibrant ecosystem, ease of use, and low transaction fees, it’s become a popular choice among crypto enthusiasts.
Pancakeswap
What is PancakeSwap?
PancakeSwap is an automated market maker (AMM) that allows users to trade directly from their crypto wallets. There’s no order book involved; instead, trades are made against a liquidity pool. Here’s how you can get started:
How to Use PancakeSwap?
Set Up Your Wallet
First, you need a crypto wallet like MetaMask or Trust Wallet. Ensure your wallet supports BEP-20 tokens.
Connect to Binance Smart Chain
Configure your wallet to connect to the Binance Smart Chain network. Detailed guides are available in your wallet settings.
Purchase BNB
You’ll need BNB (Binance Coin) to cover transaction fees. Buy BNB from a reputable exchange and transfer it to your wallet.
Access PancakeSwap
Visit the official PancakeSwap website and connect your wallet by clicking on the ‘Connect Wallet’ button.
Start Trading
Once connected, you can begin swapping BEP-20 tokens. Choose the tokens you wish to trade and confirm your transactions.
Benefits of PancakeSwap
Lower Fees: Operating on Binance Smart Chain, the fees are more affordable than Ethereum-based exchanges.
Fast Transactions: Experience quick transaction speeds due to the efficiency of BSC.
Yield Farming: Earn rewards by providing liquidity or participating in various farming pools.
Conclusion
PancakeSwap offers a user-friendly approach to trading cryptocurrencies, engaging users with its gamified elements like lotteries and collectibles. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced trader, PancakeSwap provides an efficient and exciting way to dive into the world of decentralized finance. Always ensure to perform your due diligence before engaging in trading activities.
For more detailed guides and support, visit the .
What is Uniswap?
Uniswap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) protocol built on the Ethereum blockchain. It enables direct peer-to-peer cryptocurrency transactions, allowing users to trade coins without intermediaries. This makes it a cornerstone of the Decentralized Finance (DeFi) ecosystem.
uniswap protocol
Benefits of Using Uniswap
Uniswap offers several advantages over traditional, centralized exchanges:
Decentralization: Users maintain control of their funds, minimizing the risk of hacking or fraud associated with central exchanges.
Liquidity Pools: Uniswap uses automated liquidity pools instead of traditional order books, enabling seamless and efficient trading.
Open Access: Anyone with an Ethereum wallet can trade on Uniswap, facilitating financial inclusivity.
No Registration: Trade instantly without creating an account or passing through identity verification processes.
How to Use Uniswap
Getting started with Uniswap is simple and intuitive. Follow these steps:
Create and fund an Ethereum wallet if you donโt have one. Some popular options include MetaMask, Trust Wallet, and Coinbase Wallet.
Connect your wallet to the Uniswap platform by navigating to their website and initiating the connection process.
Choose the tokens you wish to trade. Always ensure you are aware of the gas fees involved in the transaction.
Initiate the swap and confirm the transaction in your wallet. Your new tokens will be available once the transaction is confirmed on the blockchain.
Security Tips
While Uniswap is a secure platform, itโs crucial to follow best practices to ensure your funds remain safe:
Always ensure you are accessing the legitimate Uniswap website by verifying the URL.
Keep your walletโs private keys secure and never share them with anyone.
Regularly update your cryptocurrency wallet and browser to prevent vulnerabilities.
Conclusion
Uniswap has revolutionized the way cryptocurrency trading operates by providing a secure, user-friendly, and inclusive platform. Whether you are a seasoned trader or a newcomer to the crypto world, Uniswap offers a powerful tool for navigating the DeFi landscape.
Optimize Your Crypto Trading with TraderJoeXyz
In the dynamic world of cryptocurrency, having the right tools at your disposal can make all the difference. Enter TraderJoeXyz, a cutting-edge platform designed to maximize your trading potential. By leveraging TraderJoeXyz, traders gain access to a multitude of features that cater to both beginners and seasoned professionals. Let’s explore how TraderJoeXyz can enhance your crypto trading journey.
traderjoexyz exchange
Features of TraderJoeXyz
The TraderJoeXyz platform is packed with robust features aimed at simplifying and optimizing cryptocurrency trading:
Advanced Trading Interface: The user-friendly interface is equipped with powerful tools to execute trades efficiently.
Comprehensive Analytics: Gain insights with detailed analytics and customizable charts for better decision-making.
Secure Wallet Integration: Seamlessly manage your crypto assets with integrated security measures.
Automated Trading Bots: Use AI-driven bots to enhance your trading strategy with automated buy and sell actions.
Benefits of Using TraderJoeXyz
Here are some of the benefits you can expect when using TraderJoeXyz:
Increased Efficiency: With streamlined processes and intuitive design, traders can execute trades faster than ever.
Greater Profit Potential: Advanced tools and analytics help you identify profitable trading opportunities.
Reduced Risk: Implementing secure wallet integrations and automated bots can help mitigate risks associated with trading.
Enhanced Trading Experience: A seamless interface paired with powerful tools ensures an exceptional trading journey.
Join the TraderJoeXyz Community
TraderJoeXyz is more than just a platform; it’s a community of crypto enthusiasts and experts. Joining this community provides access to shared knowledge, support, and collaboration opportunities. To become part of this thriving ecosystem, simply and start exploring the world of crypto trading today.
By choosing TraderJoeXyz, you’re not just tradingโyou’re transforming your crypto experience. Get started and make the most of your cryptocurrency assets.
Carrie Underwood slated to perform at Trumpโs inauguration
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Country music star Carrie Underwood is slated to perform โAmerica the Beautifulโ at President-elect Donald Trumpโs inauguration, according to a copy of the program obtained by CNN and confirmed by a spokesperson for the inaugural committee.
โI love our country and am honored to have been asked to sing at the Inauguration and to be a small part of this historic event,โ Underwood said in a statement to CNN. โI am humbled to answer the call at a time when we must all come together in the spirit of unity and looking to the future.โ
The presidential oath of office will be administered by Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts with Justice Brett Kavanaugh expected to administer the oath of office to Vice President-elect JD Vance.
Trumpโs inauguration as the 47th president of the United States will take place on January 20 at the US Capitol.
Underwood is a big get for Trumpโs inauguration, considering Hollywoodโs Trump blackout over the course of his political career.
In his first term and throughout the past three elections, Trump has struggled to garner support from major Hollywood stars. At the Republican National Convention last year, the two biggest stars onstage with Trump were musician Kid Rock and retired WWE wrestler Hulk Hogan โ a far cry from a superstar at the height of their career, like Underwood.
The Grammy-winning artist is as high-profile as you can get in country music, not only with numerous platinum hits, but also with public-facing, mainstream business associations. Underwood is the face of Sunday Night Football and is set to make her debut this March as a judge on ABCโs โAmerican Idolโ โ the singing competition show that catapulted her to fame when she won in 2005.
While many NFL fans will likely applaud Underwood for singing at the inauguration, any time a celebrity aligns themselves with Trump, they run the risk of alienating left-leaning fans and Hollywood allies.
Underwood has kept her politics under wraps over the course of her career. In her statement, she did not mention Trump by name and kept her focus on unifying the country โ still, Underwoodโs decision to publicly align with Trump is a big statement for any star, particularly one as private as the singer.
Historically, Hollywood has always been closely associated with the Democratic Party, but country stars have always been an outlier, leaning more conservative. In recent years, as new singers join the genre, country music has gotten to be more progressive. This past election cycle, country stars like Mickey Guyton and Maren Morris stood with Vice President Kamala Harris.
A brief history of sunglasses, from Ancient Rome to Hollywood
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Sunglasses, or dark glasses, have always guarded against strong sunlight, but is there more to โshadesโ than we think?
The pupils of our eyes are delicate and react immediately to strong lights. Protecting them against light โ even the brilliance reflected off snow โ is important for everyone. Himalayan mountaineers wear goggles for this exact purpose.
Protection is partly the function of sunglasses. But dark or colored lens glasses have become fashion accessories and personal signature items. Think of the vast and famous collector of sunglasses Elton John, with his pink lensed heart-shaped extravaganzas and many others.
When did this interest in protecting the eyes begin, and at what point did dark glasses become a social statement as well as physical protection?
The Roman Emperor Nero is reported as holding polished gemstones to his eyes for sun protection as he watched fighting gladiators.
We know Canadian far north Copper Inuit and Alaskan Yupik wore snow goggles of many kinds made of antlers or whalebone and with tiny horizontal slits. Wearers looked through these and they were protected against the snowโs brilliant light when hunting. At the same time the very narrow eye holes helped them to focus on their prey.
In 12th-century China, judges wore sunglasses with smoked quartz lenses to hide their facial expressions โ perhaps to retain their dignity or not convey emotions.
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How Austrian climber Babsi Zangerl completed a โhard to believeโ historic ascent of El Capitan
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On a vertical rockface like El Capitan, the soaring slab of granite in Californiaโs Yosemite National Park, perfection is an elusive, almost impossible goal for professional climbers.
It can take years of experience to master a route to the top of the 3,000-foot wall, such is its difficulty and magnitude. Thatโs precisely why Babsi Zangerlโs recent โflashโ of El Cap is so unique and impressive.
In climbing, to โflashโ a route is to reach the top on the first attempt without any falls โ a feat never before achieved on El Cap prior to Zangerlโs maiden summit of Freerider last month. From bottom to top, she was faultless.
โIt was hard to believe,โ the Austrian climber tells CNN Sport. โI was so surprised that this just happened and that I didnโt fall โฆ I could have fallen so many times on that climb.โ
Freerider is a popular route up El Capitan, the same one taken by Alex Honnold when he climbed the rockface without ropes or harnesses in the Oscar-winning documentary โFree Solo.โ
Zangerl has lots of experience climbing on El Cap and around Yosemite but had never previously attempted the 30-plus pitches up Freerider. The challenging Monster Offwidth section โ a 60-meter-long (almost 197 feet) crack around halfway through the climb โ had put her off, and flashing the route, she says, wasnโt a long-standing target for her.
โIt was more that we just could try to go flash and see how far we can get,โ Zangerl explains. โBut the expectations were really low, so it was not a big goal from the beginning โฆ There are some really slabby pitches where you donโt have hand holds, so youโre mostly standing on the bad feet, and you always can slip off.
โThe chance was really low โ I didnโt have the feeling that we have a big chance on the flash.โ
It was only once she had conquered the Boulder Problem โ perhaps the hardest, most treacherous part of the climb with only razor-thin holds on which to grip โ that the flash seemed possible.
โThen it was kind of: you donโt want to f**k it up on the last part,โ says Zangerl.
Carrie Underwood slated to perform at Trumpโs inauguration
kraken ะทะตัะบะฐะปะพ
Country music star Carrie Underwood is slated to perform โAmerica the Beautifulโ at President-elect Donald Trumpโs inauguration, according to a copy of the program obtained by CNN and confirmed by a spokesperson for the inaugural committee.
โI love our country and am honored to have been asked to sing at the Inauguration and to be a small part of this historic event,โ Underwood said in a statement to CNN. โI am humbled to answer the call at a time when we must all come together in the spirit of unity and looking to the future.โ
The presidential oath of office will be administered by Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts with Justice Brett Kavanaugh expected to administer the oath of office to Vice President-elect JD Vance.
Trumpโs inauguration as the 47th president of the United States will take place on January 20 at the US Capitol.
Underwood is a big get for Trumpโs inauguration, considering Hollywoodโs Trump blackout over the course of his political career.
In his first term and throughout the past three elections, Trump has struggled to garner support from major Hollywood stars. At the Republican National Convention last year, the two biggest stars onstage with Trump were musician Kid Rock and retired WWE wrestler Hulk Hogan โ a far cry from a superstar at the height of their career, like Underwood.
The Grammy-winning artist is as high-profile as you can get in country music, not only with numerous platinum hits, but also with public-facing, mainstream business associations. Underwood is the face of Sunday Night Football and is set to make her debut this March as a judge on ABCโs โAmerican Idolโ โ the singing competition show that catapulted her to fame when she won in 2005.
While many NFL fans will likely applaud Underwood for singing at the inauguration, any time a celebrity aligns themselves with Trump, they run the risk of alienating left-leaning fans and Hollywood allies.
Underwood has kept her politics under wraps over the course of her career. In her statement, she did not mention Trump by name and kept her focus on unifying the country โ still, Underwoodโs decision to publicly align with Trump is a big statement for any star, particularly one as private as the singer.
Historically, Hollywood has always been closely associated with the Democratic Party, but country stars have always been an outlier, leaning more conservative. In recent years, as new singers join the genre, country music has gotten to be more progressive. This past election cycle, country stars like Mickey Guyton and Maren Morris stood with Vice President Kamala Harris.
A brief history of sunglasses, from Ancient Rome to Hollywood
ะัะฐะบะตะฝ ะดะฐัะบะฝะตั
Sunglasses, or dark glasses, have always guarded against strong sunlight, but is there more to โshadesโ than we think?
The pupils of our eyes are delicate and react immediately to strong lights. Protecting them against light โ even the brilliance reflected off snow โ is important for everyone. Himalayan mountaineers wear goggles for this exact purpose.
Protection is partly the function of sunglasses. But dark or colored lens glasses have become fashion accessories and personal signature items. Think of the vast and famous collector of sunglasses Elton John, with his pink lensed heart-shaped extravaganzas and many others.
When did this interest in protecting the eyes begin, and at what point did dark glasses become a social statement as well as physical protection?
The Roman Emperor Nero is reported as holding polished gemstones to his eyes for sun protection as he watched fighting gladiators.
We know Canadian far north Copper Inuit and Alaskan Yupik wore snow goggles of many kinds made of antlers or whalebone and with tiny horizontal slits. Wearers looked through these and they were protected against the snowโs brilliant light when hunting. At the same time the very narrow eye holes helped them to focus on their prey.
In 12th-century China, judges wore sunglasses with smoked quartz lenses to hide their facial expressions โ perhaps to retain their dignity or not convey emotions.
ะะปะพะณะตั ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ัะดะฐัะธะปัั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ััะถะบะธะต
ะั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐ-ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปะฐ ะดะพ ัะปัะณะธ ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปะธัะตัะฐ
ะ ะฐะฝะตะต ััะดะธะผัะน ะฟะพ ยซะฝะฐัะบะพัะธัะตัะบะพะนยป ััะฐััะต ะฑะปะพะณะตั ะะฝะดัะตะน ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฟะพะทะธัะธะพะฝะธััะตั ัะตะฑั ะ ะพะฑะธะฝ ะัะดะพะผ, ะฑะพัััะธะผัั ั ัะตะผะธ, ะบัะพ ยซะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะป ะปัะดะตะนยป, โ ะฝะพ ะฒ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะพะฝ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดัะธะบะพะฒ, ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะณะฐะตั ัะตัะตะท ัะฒะพะน ะบะฐะฝะฐะป ยซะะตะปะตะทะฝะฐั ััะฐะฒะบะฐยป ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ัะตัะฝัะน ะบัะธะฟัะพะพะฑะผะตะฝ/ัะธัะธะฝะณะพะฒัะน ะบัะธะฟัะพะพะฑะผะฐะฝ, ะพัะผัะฒะฐะตั ะฝะฐัะบะพะดะพั ะพะดั ะทะฐ ััะตั ัะดะตะปะพะบ ั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพัััั ะฒ ะัะฑะฐะต.
ะขะพ ะตััั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะฐ, ะฟััะฐััะตะณะพัั ะฝะฐะถะธัััั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปัั , ััะพะปะบะฝัะฒัะธั ัั ั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผะธ, ัะฐััะพ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธัะผะธ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ.
ะะฐัะบะพัะธะบะธ ะธ ะพัะผัะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะดะพั ะพะดะพะฒ
ะฃัะพะถะตะฝะตั ะะฐะปัะณะธ ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะพััะธะดะตะป ัะตัััะต ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะปะฐะณะตัะต โ ะทะฐ ะฟัะพะดะฐะถั ะฝะฐัะบะพัะธะบะพะฒ ะดะตััะผ.
ะขะฐะผ ะพะฝ ัะฒัะทะฐะปัั ั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผะธ ะฐะฒัะพัะธัะตัะฐะผะธ ะธ, ะฒัะนะดั ะธะท ััััะผั, ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะป ััะฐััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต ะฟะพ ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐัะบะพัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะผัะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐัะบะพะดะพั ะพะดะพะฒ ะพั ะฝะธั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะธะตะปัะพััะบะพะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ัะพะทะดะฐะป ัะพะฒะผะตััะฝะพ ั ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะฐะผะธ ะธะท ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะฐ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธ ะญะผะธัะฐัะฐั .
ะกัะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะบะฐะผ
ะะฐะฝะฐะป ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒะฐ ยซะะตะปะตะทะฝะฐั ััะฐะฒะบะฐยป โ ยซัะฐะทะพะฑะปะฐัะตะฝะธะตยป ะฝะตะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัั (ะฟะพ ะผะฝะตะฝะธั ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปะธัะตัะฐ) ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพะตะบัะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะถะตะฝะธะต ยซะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัั ยป: ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะด ะธ ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ, ัะฟะพะฝัะธััััะธั ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒะฐ.
ะะฝ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะปัั ะบะฐะบ ะบะฐะฝะฐะป ะพ ยซะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัั ยป ััะฐะฒะบะฐั ะฒ ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ะฝะต ัะผะตะฝะธะป ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะพะฒะฐั ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะพััะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะตะถะฝะตะน: ัะฐััะธัะฐัั ะฟะพะปะต ะดะปั ยซั ะพัะพัะธั ยป, ะฟะพ ยซัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพะผัยป ะผะฝะตะฝะธั ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒะฐ (ัะพ ะตััั ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธะฒัะธั ะตะผั), ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธะบะพะฒ.
ะะฑััะฝะพ ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะตั ั ะฟะพะฟััะบะธ ะฒัะผะพะณะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ โ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะถะตััะฒะต ะบะพะผะฟัะพะผะฐั ะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธัั. ะัะปะธ ะถะตััะฒะฐ ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตััั, ะฒ ั ะพะด ะธะดัั ััะฐะฒะปั ะธ ะฝะฐัะธะปะธะต.
ะะพะดัััะตะบะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะธ ะฝะฐะฟะฐะดะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะัะฑะฐะต
1 ัะฝะฒะฐัั 2025 ะณะพะดะฐ ัะพััะพัะปะพัั ะถะตััะพะบะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะฐะดะตะฝะธะต ะดะฒัั ะบะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝัะตะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐััะตะณะพ ะฒ ะัะฑะฐะต, โ ะตะณะพ ะธะทะฑะธะปะธ, ะพััะตะทะฐะปะธ ัั ะพ, ะพะฑะฒะพัะพะฒะฐะปะธ.
ะะพ ััะพะณะพ ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ัะฝัะป 12 ัะพะปะธะบะพะฒ, ะณะดะต ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะธะฒะฐะป ะฐะดัะตั ััะพะณะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะฝัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ะตะณะพ ะฑะปะธะทะบะธั ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐั ะฒ ะะะญ. ะะตะทะพ ะฒััะบะพะณะพ ััะตัะฝะตะฝะธั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะป ะฟะพะดะณะปัะดัะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฟะพะดัะปััะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะต ะฟัะพะฝะธะบะฝะพะฒะตะฝะธะต, ะฒะผะตัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะฒ ัะฐััะฝัั ะถะธะทะฝั โ ะฒัะต ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒ ะญะผะธัะฐัะฐั , ะณะดะต ัััะพะณะพ ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐะตััั ะฝะตะฟัะธะบะพัะฝะพะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะธ ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะธะฝะฒะตััะพัะพะฒ, ัะฒะปัะตััั ััะถะบะธะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะตะผ.
ะะพ ััะพะณะพ ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฟัะฑะปะธัะฝะพ ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝัะป ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ะผะตััะต ะถะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะฐ ััะพะณะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั โ ัะพ ะตััั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะต ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะต ะบะพะฝัะธะดะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝะพััะธ, ะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ, ัะฐะนะฝั ัะฐััะฝะพะน ะถะธะทะฝะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะบััััั ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะธ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะพัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะะญ ะฒะพัะปะพ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒ ัะธััะตะผั. ะะฝ ัะตััะพัะธะทะธััะตั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะตะน, ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ัะตัะตะฝะธะน ััะดะพะฒ โ ะฝะธ ะทะฐ ััะฑะตะถะพะผ, ะฝะธ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ.
ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะป, ััะพ ะทะฐัะฒะธะป ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะฒ ะะฝัะตัะฟะพะป ะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะะะญ โ ัะบะพะฑั ะพะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผ. ะะพ ััะพ ะฟะพัะตะผั-ัะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะธะฒะตะปะพ ะบ ะฐัะตััั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั โ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั, ะฟะพัะพะผั, ััะพ ะฟะพะปะธัะธั ะะะญ ะฝะต ะฒะธะดะธั ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ?
ะ ัะด ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะพะฒ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะพััะถะดะตะฝั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ัะฐะผ ะพะฝ ะฒ ัะพะทััะบะต ัะพััะธะนัะบะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ โ ะฝะพ ะฝะต ะพััะถะดะตะฝ. ะะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะบ ะฝะตะผั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน.
ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ะดะปะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะฒะพะทะฑัะถะดะฐะป ะฝะตะฝะฐะฒะธััั ะบ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐั, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั (ะฐ ะฝะต ะตะณะพ ะฟะฐััะฝะตัั) ัะบัะฐะป ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะพะฒ. ะ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธะป ะดะตะปะพ ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะฐะฟะฐะปะธ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะพะฑะฒะพัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒะพะทะผััะตะฝะฝัะต ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะธ.
ะกะฐะผ ะพะฝ ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ะฝะฐะฟะฐะดะตะฝะธั ััััะพะธะป ะฒะฝะตะฟะปะฐะฝะพะฒัะน ัััะธะผ, ััะพะฑั ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะฐะปะธะฑะธ โ ะฒัะพะดะต ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะป, ััะพ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ัััะธะผะฐ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ะฝะฐะฟะฐะดะตะฝะธะต.
ะกะปะตะถะบะฐ ะฝะฐ ะะธะฟัะต
ะัะตะฝัั ะฟัะพัะตะดัะตะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฒะผะตััะต ัะพ ัะฒะพะตะน ะฑะพะตะฒะพะน ะฟะพะดััะณะพะน ะะฐัะธะตะน ะคะพะปะพะผะพะฒะพะน ััััะพะธะป ัะปะตะถะบั ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะดััะณะพะณะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั โ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะฒะฐะดัะพะบะพะฟัะตัะพะฒ, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะฑะพัะฐ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะพ ะฝะตะผ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฑะปะธะทะบะธั , ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฝะตัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะฝะพะปะตัะฝะธั ะดะตัะตะน. ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะป, ััะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ัะบััะฒะฐะตััั ะฝะฐ ะะธะฟัะต โ ั ะพัั ะพะฝ ะถะธะฒะตั ัะฐะผ ัะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝ ะฟะฐะฝะดะตะผะธะธ ะบะพัะพะฝะฐะฒะธัััะฐ.
ะะตัะตัะตะปะตะฝะธะต ะฑัะปะพ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะพ ั ััะถะตะปัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะบะพัะพะฝะฐะฒะธัััะฐ ั ะถะตะฝั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ั ะผะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐะผะธ โ ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธัะผะธ ะฒ ัะฐะทะฝัะต ะพััะฐัะปะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะธ: ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ัะพัะณะพะฒะปั ะธ ะดััะณะธะต.
ะัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะฟะตัะตัะตะปะธะปัั ะฝะฐ ะะธะฟั ะทะฐ ะณะพะด ะดะพ ะฒะพะทะฑัะถะดะตะฝะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะะะ, ะทะฐ ะฟะพะปัะพัะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะดะพ ะฐัะตััะพะฒ. ะะฝ ะธะผะตะตั ะฟะฐัะฟะพัั ะะฒัะพัะพัะทะฐ ะธ ะฝะธ ะพั ะบะพะณะพ ะฝะต ัะฑะตะณะฐะป, ะฝะต ัะบััะฒะฐะปัั ะธ ะฝะต ัะบััะฒะฐะตััั.
ะัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะพะฑััะฒะปัะปัั ะฒ 2022 ะณะพะดั ะฒ ัะพะทััะบ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ะฝะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ. ะกัะด ะบ ะฝะตะผั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฒัะดะฒะธะณะฐะป, ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตััั ััะดะพะผ โ ะธ ัะถะต ัะฐะทะฒะฐะปะธะปะพัั ะฒ ััะดะต. ะะฝัะตัะฟะพะป ะธ ะะฒัะพัะพัะท ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฐะบัะตะฟัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะธ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ, ัะพััั ะธั ะฟะพะปะธัะธัะตัะบะธ ะผะพัะธะฒะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ ะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะตะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ.
ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะฟัะพะตะบัั ะพัััะตััะฒะปััััั ะทะฐ ััะตั ะดะตะฝะตะณ ัะพััะธะนัะบะธั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะพะดะฝะพะน ะธะท ะฐะฒัััะธะนัะบะธั ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน โ ะพะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะฝะธะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะต ะฑัะป ะฝะธ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะธะบะพะผ, ะฝะธ ะฑะตะฝะตัะธัะธะฐัะพะผ, ะฝะธ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัััะธะผ ััะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะตัะต ะฒ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต 2000-ั โ ะทะฐะดะพะปะณะพ ะดะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะบะฐััะตัั.
ะะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ัะธัะผ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะปะฐ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ััะพะน ะธะฝะฒะตััะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัั ั ะฝะตะน. ะะฝะฒะตััะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ััะฟะตัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะผะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ ะฒะพัะตะผั ะปะตั โ ะธ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั, ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะฒ ัะธััะตะผั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะตะน, ะพะฑัััะตะฝะฝัั ะฒ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ ั ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะธะผะธ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะธะบะฐะบะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะพะน ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ัะฒะปัะตััั.
ะขะฐะบะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะผ, ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ััััะฐะธะฒะฐะตั ััะฐะฒะปั, ะฒะผะตัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะฒ ัะฐััะฝัั ะถะธะทะฝั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฝะธัะตะผ ัะตะฑั ะฝะต ะทะฐะฟััะฝะฐะฒัะตะณะพ, โ ะฟะพ ะทะฐะบะฐะทั ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปะธัะตัะฐ, ะฒะทัะฒัะตะณะพ ะฒ ะดะพะปั ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะธั , ะบะพัะพััะน ัััะตะผะธััั ะพัะฝััั ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะฝะฐ 20 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะตะผ ะบััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ, ะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐััะตะณะพ ััะฟะตัะฝะพ ััะฝะบัะธะพะฝะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฑะตะท ะตะณะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะฐ (ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะธะฒัะตะณะพัั ั ะฟะตัะตะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะะธะฟั).
ะกะปะตะถะบะฐ ะฒ ะะธะดะตัะปะฐะฝะดะฐั
ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะป ะดะฐะฝะฝัะต ะพ ะผะตััะพะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะธ ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพะน ะถะตััะฒั ะฒ ะะธะดะตัะปะฐะฝะดะฐั โ ะฒ ะณะพัะพะดะต ะัะพะฝะธะฝะณะตะฝะต, โ ะพะฑะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะฝะพะน ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะน ัะปะตะถะบะธ. ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะดะบะปััะฐะปัั ะบ ะณะพัะพะดัะบะธะผ ัะตะปะตะบะฐะผะตัะฐะผ, ะทะฐะณะปัะดัะฒะฐะป ะฒ ะพะบะฝะฐ ัะฐััะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ะธ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะป ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะฒ YouTube.
ะะฐัััะตะฝะธะต ะบะพะฝัะธะดะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝะพััะธ ะฒ ะขัััะธะธ
ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะพะฑะฝะฐััะถะธะป ะธ ะพะฑะฝะฐัะพะดะพะฒะฐะป ะผะตััะพะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะถะธะปะธ ะธ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะธ ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะตะณะพ ะถะตััะฒ ะฒ ะกัะฐะผะฑัะปะต.
ะะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะน ัะพะทััะบ ะฒ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ
ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ, ะฝะต ะธะผะตััะธะน ะปะธัะตะฝะทะธะธ ัะฐััะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตัะตะบัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะตะป ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝัะน ะดะพะผ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปัะฝะธัั ะธ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะป ะทะฐ ะฝะตะน ัะปะตะถะบั โ ั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะน ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะฐัะธะตะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะฒ ัะฒะพะธั ะบะฐะฝะฐะปะฐั . ะะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธะฒ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะต ะพ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝะพะน ะตั ะฒ ะัะฑะฐะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต.
ะจะฐะฝัะฐะถ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต
ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ัะฐะฝัะฐะถะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะตะน ะธะท ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะฐ โ ะฟะพะด ะฟัะธะบัััะธะตะผ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ยซัะฐะทะพะฑะปะฐัะฐะตั ะฝะฐัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะฐัะตะปะตะนยป ะธ ยซะฒัะฐะณะพะฒ ัะพะดะธะฝัยป.
ะะฐ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒะฐ ัะถะต ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปะธ ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะทะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะต ะกะะ.
#ะะฝะดัะตะน ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ
ะะฐะปะตัะตั ะะตะฒะตะปะพะฟะตัะพะฒ โ ััะพ ะฐะณะตะฝัััะฒะพ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ั ะฟะพะดะฑะพัะพะผ ะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะพะน ะฝะพะฒะพัััะพะนะบะธ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะธ ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฑะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะบะพะปัะบั ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐะตั ั ะทะฐัััะพะนัะธะบะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐะฟััะผัั.
ะะฐ ัะฐะนัะต Developers.Gallery ะดะพัััะฟะตะฝ ะบะฐัะฐะปะพะณ ะฝะพะฒะพัััะพะตะบ ะธ ััะฐััะธ ะฝะฐ ัะตะผั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะฒ ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธะฒะฝัั ะพะบััะณะฐั ะะพัะบะฒั: ะฆะะ, ะกะะ, ะกะะะ, ะะะ, ะฎะะะ, ะฎะะ, ะฎะะะ, ะกะะะ, ะะะ, ะะะ, ะขะะ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะะฑะปะฐััะธ: ะะตะปะตะฝะพะณัะฐะด, ะััะธัะธ, ะัะฐัะฝะพะณะพััะบ, ะัะฑะตััั, ะะธะดะฝะพะต, ะัะบะพะฒัะบะธะน.
ะัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐั ะฝะพะฒะพัััะพะนะบั ะฝะฐ ััะฐะฟะต ะบะพัะปะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะธะผะตะตััั ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะธะทะฒะปะตัั ะธะท ััะพะณะพ ะฟัะธะฑัะปั ะธ ัะฐััะผะพััะตัั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะน. ะะพัะปะต ะฒะฒะพะดะฐ ะดะพะผะฐ ะฒ ัะบัะฟะปัะฐัะฐัะธั ััะพะธะผะพััั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะธัะฐัััั, ััะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธั ะฟะตัะตะฟัะพะดะฐัั ะตั ะฟะพ ะฟะตัะตััััะฟะบะต, ะปะธะฑะพ ัะดะฐะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะฐัะตะฝะดั ะธ ะธะทะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะธะท ััะพะณะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฐ ะดะพั ะพะดะฝะพััั.
ะะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะทะฒะพะฝะพะบ ะผะพะถะฝะพ, ะฟะตัะตะนะดั ะฟะพ ัััะปะบะต: ะ โบะ ัะกะะ ัะ ะ ะ ัะ ัะกะะกโะกะะ ัะ ะะกะะ ัะ ัะ โ ะ ัะ ัะ ะะ ัะกะะกโะกะะ ัะ โะ ัะ ั ะธ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะตั ัะพััะฐะฒะธั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะบะฐัะฐะปะพะณ ะฝะพะฒะพัััะพะตะบ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฑะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะพ, ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ั ะทะฐะฟะธััั ะฒ ะพัะธั ะฟัะพะดะฐะถ ะทะฐัััะพะนัะธะบะฐ, ะพะบะฐะถะตั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะต ัะพะฟัะพะฒะพะถะดะตะฝะธะต ัะดะตะปะบะธ: ะัะพะฒะตัะธั ะดะพะณะพะฒะพั ะะะฃ, ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ั ะพัะบัััะธะตะผ ััััะฐ ััะบัะพั ะธ ะฐะบะบัะตะดะธัะธะฒะฐ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะธั ะธะฝััััะบัะธั ะฟะพ ะฒัะฟััะบั ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝะพะน ัะธััะพะฒะพะน ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะธ ะดะปั ัะดะฐะปัะฝะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฒ ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ัะพัะผะฐัะต.
ะะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฒัะธัั ััะปัะณะฐะผะธ ะพั ะะฐะปะตัะตะธ ะะตะฒะตะปะพะฟะตัะพะฒ ะฒั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะต ะฒัะตะผั ะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะฟะพัะบะพะปัะบั ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ัะพะณะปะฐัััั ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะต ัะบะธะดะบะธ ะธ ััะปะพะฒะธั ะฟะพ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฒ ัะฐัััะพัะบั, ะฑะฐะทะพะฒัั ะธะฟะพัะตะบั, ัะตะผะตะนะฝัั ะธะฟะพัะตะบั, IT-ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะธ 100% ะพะฟะปะฐัั ะฝะฐะปะธัะฝัะผะธ, ะฐ ะตัั ะดะพัััะฟะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะฐ ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต trade-in โ ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฒั ัะดะฐััะต ัะฒะพั ัะตะบัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะพะฑะผะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒะพัััะพะนะบั.
ะะพะบัะฟะบะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ โ ััะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ัะฐะณ, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฝะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะดะพะนัะธ ะบ ะฝะตะน ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะธ ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัััั ะฝะฐ ะพะฟัั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะดะฑะตััั ะถะธะปะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบั ะฒ ะฝะตะฟะพััะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฑะปะธะทะพััะธ ะบ ััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะผะตััะพ, ะะะ, ะะฆะ, ะะฆะ, ะฒัะตะทะดะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐ ะผะฐะณะธัััะฐะปั: ะกะะฅ, ะฎะะฅ, ะะกะ, ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะธะน ะัะพัะฟะตะบั, ะขะขะ, ะะะะ ะธ ั ะฑะพะปััะธะผะธ ะปะตัะฝัะผะธ ะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะผะธ, ะฟะฐัะบะฐะผะธ, ะดะตััะบะธะผะธ ะฟะปะพัะฐะดะบะฐะผะธ, ะทะฐะบััััะผะธ ะพั ะฐะฒัะพะผะพะฑะธะปะตะน ะดะฒะพัะฐะผะธ, ัะบะฒะพะทะฝัะผะธ ะฟะพะดัะตะทะดะฐะผะธ, ัะฟะพััะธะฒะฝัะผะธ ะฟะปะพัะฐะดะบะฐะผะธ, ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผ ะพะทะตะปะตะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ ั ะผะฝะพะณะพะปะตัะฝะธะผะธ ะดะตัะตะฒััะผะธ, ัะพะปะฝะตัะฝะพะน ััะพัะพะฝะพะน.
Why expanding the College Football Playoff worked โ and what still needs to be fixed
ะถะตััะบะธะน ะฐะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะบั
Now that itโs all over and the Ohio State Buckeyes are the college football national champions, it can be definitively said: expanding the College Football Playoff worked.
The grand experiment to allow more teams to play for the national championship wasnโt perfect, but it ended up where it was supposed to: a worthy national champion with exciting, close games in the later rounds when the best teams faced one another. It gave us awesome scenes on campuses around the nation, created new legends and showed how a sport so steeped in tradition can evolve when faced with new demands from its fans and business partners.
Here are four reasons why the new version of the College Football Playoff worked โ and the areas that can still be fixed.
The committee picked the right teams, even if some games were blowouts
Before the games kicked off in December, much of the focus was put on the inclusion of Southern Methodist University (SMU) and Indiana University โ two teams that won a bunch of games but didnโt have the brand recognition of schools like Alabama, South Carolina and Ole Miss.
Hereโs what else those teams had that SMU and Indiana didnโt: three losses.
The Hoosiers lost only once in the regular season โ to eventual national champion Ohio State. The Mustangs had lost twice, once to Brigham Young University and again in the ACC championship game to Clemson.
In the first year of the expanded, 12-team playoff, could the committee really leave out a major conference team with 11 wins and punish another one for playing for a conference championship while other teams sat at home? Warde Manuel, the University of Michigan athletic director who served as chair of the committee, said they could not.
Why are teens losing their minds about college applications? This senior thinks she knows why
ัะผะพััะตัั ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะถะตััะพะบ
I spent my freshman year of high school despairing that I hadnโt invented a synthetic human heart, launched a tech start-up, written an opera or raised $10 million for charity.
I ran track, sang in a cathedral choir and taught little kids how to kayak in the schoolโs outdoor club. I was plenty busy. Where in the world had I gotten the idea that I was supposed to be doing those other things to get into college? Why did I think that I was running out of time โ at age 14?
Iโve heard a lot about how social media creates unrealistic beauty standards, body images and lifestyle expectations among teenagers. But thereโs another form of comparison egged on by social media: over-the-top extracurricular activities. The pressure Iโve felt to create a nonprofit and invent a solar-powered car that can drive underwater did not come from my parents or teachers despite what documentaries such as โRace to Nowhereโ suggest. It came from college admission videos on social media.
I donโt mean videos on essay writing tips, standardized test study hacks or the self-taped, quasi interviews attached to some applications. Iโm talking about a specific subset rampant on YouTube and Instagram Reels, videos dealing only in analyses of college acceptances and rejections. The format has been perfected to keep people viewing and clicking.
In these videos, students or, far more often, content creators outline a studentโs background. They lay out their activities, grades and test scores, inevitably stellar and impressive. Then comes the hook: They outline every single school the student was rejected from, one by one, and the schools that accepted them. Often, the rejections are in big, red boxes, and the acceptances in green. The rejections are almost always shown first โ lengthy lists naming Harvard, Duke and Georgetown universities and the like.
ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบัััะตัะพะผ ะฒ ะัะฟะตั: ะฝะฐะดัะถะฝัะน ะฟััั ะบ ััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพะผั ะดะพั ะพะดั
ะัะฟะตั โ ััะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบัััะตัะพะผ ั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ะณัะฐัะธะบะพะผ, ะฒััะพะบะธะผ ะดะพั ะพะดะพะผ ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพัััั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะพััะฐ. ะั ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐะตะผ ั ะปะธะดะตัะฐะผะธ ััะฝะบะฐ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฝะฐัะธ ะบัััะตัั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฝั ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐะผะธ ะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะพะน.
ะะฐ ัะฐะนัะต ะ โะ ัะ ะ ะกัะกะะกโน ะ ั ะ ัะกะะ ยตะ ัะ ัะ ั ะ าะ ยปะกะ ะ ัะกัะกะะกะะ ยตะกะะ ัะ ะ ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฒัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะต, ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะบั ะธ ัะทะฝะฐัั ะพะฑ ััะปะพะฒะธัั ัััะดะพััััะพะนััะฒะฐ. ะฃ ะฝะฐั ะตััั ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะดะปั ะฟะตัะธั ะบัััะตัะพะฒ, ะฒะตะปะพะบัััะตัะพะฒ ะธ ะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน-ะบัััะตัะพะฒ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ.
ะะพัะตะผั ััะพะธั ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะัะฟะตั?
– ะกัะฐะฑะธะปัะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด: ะบัััะตัั ะทะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐัั ะพั 3 000 ะดะพ 5 000 ััะฑะปะตะน ะฒ ะดะตะฝั, ะฒ ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ ะพั ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะฐ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะฝัั ะทะฐะบะฐะทะพะฒ.
– ะฃะดะพะฑะฝัะน ะณัะฐัะธะบ: ะฒั ัะฐะผะธ ะฒัะฑะธัะฐะตัะต, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั, ััะพ ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธั ะดะปั ัััะดะตะฝัะพะฒ, ัะฐะผะพะทะฐะฝัััั ะธ ัะตั , ะบัะพ ะธัะตั ะณะธะฑะบะพััั.
– ะัะพััะพัะฐ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธั: ะฟะพะดะฐัะฐ ะทะฐัะฒะบะธ ะธ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ.
– ะะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััั: ะผั ะทะฐะฑะพัะธะผัั ะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะฝะฐัะธั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ะฒัะต ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะต ะธะฝััััะบัะธะธ ะดะปั ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ.
ะะฐะบ ััััะพะธัััั ะบัััะตัะพะผ ะฒ ะัะฟะตั?
1. ะะฐะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ะทะฐัะฒะบั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะฃะบะฐะถะธัะต ัะฒะพะธ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะต, ะณะพัะพะด ะธ ัะธะฟ ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะฐ (ะตัะปะธ ะตััั).
2. ะัะพะนะดะธัะต ะบะพัะพัะบะพะต ัะพะฑะตัะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ั ะฝะฐัะธะผ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะตัะพะผ. ะั ััะพัะฝะธะผ ะดะตัะฐะปะธ ะธ ัะฐััะบะฐะถะตะผ ะพ ะณัะฐัะธะบะต, ะดะพั ะพะดะฐั ะธ ะพะฑัะทะฐะฝะฝะพัััั .
3. ะะพะดะณะพัะพะฒััะต ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั: ะฟะฐัะฟะพัั, ะกะะะะก ะธ, ะฟัะธ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ, ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝัะบัั ะบะฝะธะถะบั.
4. ะัะพะนะดะธัะต ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต: ะผั ะฟะพะบะฐะถะตะผ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ะฟัะธะปะพะถะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะบัััะตัะพะฒ, ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะต ะทะฐะบะฐะทั ะธ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั.
5. ะะฐัะฝะธัะต ัะฐะฑะพัั: ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ะทะฐะบะฐะทั ััะฐะทั ะฟะพัะปะต ะฐะบัะธะฒะฐัะธะธ ะฟัะพัะธะปั.
ะะฐะบะธะต ะทะฐะบะฐะทั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝััั ะบัััะตัั?
ะะฐัะธ ะบัััะตัั ะดะพััะฐะฒะปััั ะฒัั: ะพั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ะธ ะปะตะบะฐัััะฒ ะดะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ะฟะพััะปะพะบ. ะั ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐะตะผ ั ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัะผะธ ัะตัะฒะธัะฐะผะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ, ััะพ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐะตั ะฒััะพะบะธะน ะพะฑััะผ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะพะฒ.
ะัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะดะปั ะฝะฐัะธั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะพะฒ
– ะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะทะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐัั ะฑะพะปััะต ะทะฐ ัััั ะฑะพะฝััะพะฒ ะธ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ััะพัะฝัั ะทะฐะบะฐะทะพะฒ.
– ะกัะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะฐั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะฐ ะพั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฝะฐ ะฒัะตั ััะฐะฟะฐั ัะฐะฑะพัั.
– ะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ัะฐะนะพะฝะพะฒ ะธ ะผะฐัััััะพะฒ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ.
ะะฐะบ ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะบั?
ะะตัะตะนะดะธัะต ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนั, ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ะฟัะพัััั ะฐะฝะบะตัั, ะธ ะผั ัะฒัะถะตะผัั ั ะฒะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะต ะฒัะตะผั. ะะฐั ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะตั ะฑะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะพ ะฟัะพะบะพะฝััะปััะธััะตั ะฒะฐั, ัะฐััะบะฐะถะตั ะพะฑะพ ะฒัะตั ััะปะพะฒะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะทะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐัั ัะถะต ัะตะณะพะดะฝั.
ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบัััะตัะพะผ ะฒ ะัะฟะตั โ ััะพ ะฒะฐั ัะฐะฝั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด, ัะฒะพะฑะพะดะฝัะน ะณัะฐัะธะบ ะธ ัะฐะฑะพัั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟะพะดัััะฐะธะฒะฐะตััั ะฟะพะด ะฒะฐั ััะธะปั ะถะธะทะฝะธ. ะัะธัะพะตะดะธะฝัะนัะตัั ะบ ะฝะฐัะตะน ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดะต ะธ ะฝะฐัะฝะธัะต ะทะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐัั ัะถะต ัะตะณะพะดะฝั!
FUE โ ััะพ ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟะตัะตัะฐะดะบะธ ะฒะพะปะพั ะฑะตััะพะฒะฝัะผ ะผะตัะพะดะพะผ.? ะะฐ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะพะฝ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะพะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัั , ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝัั ะธ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะผะตัะพะดะพะฒ ััะฐะฝัะฟะปะฐะฝัะฐัะธะธ ะฒะพะปะพั ะณะพะปะพะฒั.
ะะตัะตัะฐะดะบะฐ ะฒะพะปะพั ะผัะถัะธะฝั
ะะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ FUE-ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดัััั ะฟะพะด ะผะตััะฝะพะน ะฐะฝะตััะตะทะธะตะน ะธ ัะฒะปััััั ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฑะตะทะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะตะฝะฝัะผะธ.
ะัะพัะตัั ะฟะตัะตัะฐะดะบะธ ะฒะพะปะพั ะผะตัะพะดะพะผ FUE (ะคะฃะ) ะฟัะตะดะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะธะทะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะพะปะปะธะบัะปััะฝัั ะณััะฟะฟ ั ะทะฐััะปะพัะฝะพะน ะดะพะฝะพััะบะพะน ะทะพะฝั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะพัะพะฑัั ัะบะฐะปัะฟะตะปะตะน โ ะฟะฐะฝัะตะน โ ะธ ะฟะตัะตะผะตัะตะฝะธะต ะธะทะฒะปะตััะฝะฝัั ะณัะฐััะพะฒ ะฒ ะทะพะฝั ััะฐะฝัะฟะปะฐะฝัะฐัะธะธ ะณะพะปะพะฒั.
ะ ะตะณะตะฝะตัะฐัะธั ะฟะพัะปะต ะฟะตัะตัะฐะดะบะธ ะฒะพะปะพั ะผะตัะพะดะพะผ FUE ะฟัะพัะตะบะฐะตั ะฑััััะพ ะธ ะฑะตะท ะพัะพะฑัั ะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะตะฝะฝัั ะพัััะตะฝะธะน, ะฐ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะพะผั, ััะพ ะผะตัะพะด FUE ะฟะตัะตัะฐะดะบะธ ะฒะพะปะพั ะฑะตััะพะฒะฝัะน, ะฝะฐ ะทะพะฝะต ััะฐะฝัะฟะปะฐะฝัะฐัะธะธ ะฝะต ะพััะฐัััั ััะฐะผะพะฒ, ััะฑัะพะฒ, ะฟะพัะตะทะพะฒ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะฟะพะฒัะตะถะดะตะฝะธะน.
ะะตัะพะด DHI ะะะะ โ ััะพ ะฝะพะฒะตะนัะธะน ะฑะตะทะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัะน ะธ ัะฐะผัะน ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝัะน ะผะตัะพะด ะฟepecaะดะบะธ ะฒoะปoc, ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธััััะธะน 100% ะฟัะธะถะธะฒะฐะตะผะพcัั. ะัะพัะตะดััะฐ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝัะตััั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะน ัััะบะธ, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะธัะบะปััะฐะตั ัะธัะบ ััะฐะฒะผะฐัะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะฒะพะปะพcัะฝัั ัะบะฐะฝะตะน ะฟัะธ ะฟะพcะฐะดะบะต, ััะพ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐะตั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะธะถะธะฒะฐะตะผะพcัั. ะะฐะฝะฝัะน ะผะตัะพะด ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตัะธะทัะตััั ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฐะบะบััะฐัะฝะพะน ะฟะพัะฐะดะบะพะน, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะฐั ัััะบะฐ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะทะฐะดะฐะฒะฐัั ะตััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ัะณะปั ัะพcัะฐ ะฒะพะปะพc ะธ ัะพะทะดะฐะฒะฐัั ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฟัะธัะพะดะฝัั ะณัััะพัั. ะะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะฒะพะตะน ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััะธ ะตะณะพ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทััั ะปัััะธะต ะผะธัะพะฒัะต ะบะปะธะฝะธะบะธ.
Carrie Underwood slated to perform at Trumpโs inauguration
kra cc
Country music star Carrie Underwood is slated to perform โAmerica the Beautifulโ at President-elect Donald Trumpโs inauguration, according to a copy of the program obtained by CNN and confirmed by a spokesperson for the inaugural committee.
โI love our country and am honored to have been asked to sing at the Inauguration and to be a small part of this historic event,โ Underwood said in a statement to CNN. โI am humbled to answer the call at a time when we must all come together in the spirit of unity and looking to the future.โ
The presidential oath of office will be administered by Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts with Justice Brett Kavanaugh expected to administer the oath of office to Vice President-elect JD Vance.
Trumpโs inauguration as the 47th president of the United States will take place on January 20 at the US Capitol.
Underwood is a big get for Trumpโs inauguration, considering Hollywoodโs Trump blackout over the course of his political career.
In his first term and throughout the past three elections, Trump has struggled to garner support from major Hollywood stars. At the Republican National Convention last year, the two biggest stars onstage with Trump were musician Kid Rock and retired WWE wrestler Hulk Hogan โ a far cry from a superstar at the height of their career, like Underwood.
The Grammy-winning artist is as high-profile as you can get in country music, not only with numerous platinum hits, but also with public-facing, mainstream business associations. Underwood is the face of Sunday Night Football and is set to make her debut this March as a judge on ABCโs โAmerican Idolโ โ the singing competition show that catapulted her to fame when she won in 2005.
While many NFL fans will likely applaud Underwood for singing at the inauguration, any time a celebrity aligns themselves with Trump, they run the risk of alienating left-leaning fans and Hollywood allies.
Underwood has kept her politics under wraps over the course of her career. In her statement, she did not mention Trump by name and kept her focus on unifying the country โ still, Underwoodโs decision to publicly align with Trump is a big statement for any star, particularly one as private as the singer.
Historically, Hollywood has always been closely associated with the Democratic Party, but country stars have always been an outlier, leaning more conservative. In recent years, as new singers join the genre, country music has gotten to be more progressive. This past election cycle, country stars like Mickey Guyton and Maren Morris stood with Vice President Kamala Harris.
A brief history of sunglasses, from Ancient Rome to Hollywood
ะบัะฐะบะตะฝ ัััะปะบะฐ
Sunglasses, or dark glasses, have always guarded against strong sunlight, but is there more to โshadesโ than we think?
The pupils of our eyes are delicate and react immediately to strong lights. Protecting them against light โ even the brilliance reflected off snow โ is important for everyone. Himalayan mountaineers wear goggles for this exact purpose.
Protection is partly the function of sunglasses. But dark or colored lens glasses have become fashion accessories and personal signature items. Think of the vast and famous collector of sunglasses Elton John, with his pink lensed heart-shaped extravaganzas and many others.
When did this interest in protecting the eyes begin, and at what point did dark glasses become a social statement as well as physical protection?
The Roman Emperor Nero is reported as holding polished gemstones to his eyes for sun protection as he watched fighting gladiators.
We know Canadian far north Copper Inuit and Alaskan Yupik wore snow goggles of many kinds made of antlers or whalebone and with tiny horizontal slits. Wearers looked through these and they were protected against the snowโs brilliant light when hunting. At the same time the very narrow eye holes helped them to focus on their prey.
In 12th-century China, judges wore sunglasses with smoked quartz lenses to hide their facial expressions โ perhaps to retain their dignity or not convey emotions.
Theyโve sailed across Southeast Asia for centuries. Now, these sea nomads are being forced to live on land
ัะบัะฟะบะฐ ะฟัะธััะฐะฒะพะบ
Bilkuin Jimi Salih doesnโt remember how old he was when he learned to dive, only, that all the men in his family can do it.
It might have been his grandfather who taught him, or his father, or even an uncle or cousin. He recalls swimming dozens of feet underwater among the reefs, collecting spider conches, abalone and sea cucumbers to sell at the local fish market.
โOne of our specialties is that, because we live on the sea and weโre always in the sea, we can dive in the water for a long time,โ says Salih, via a translator. โWe learn by observing, and from there, we develop our own technique.โ
To most people, Salihโs free diving skills are highly unusual; but not to his community. Salih is Bajau Laut, an indigenous seafaring group in Southeast Asia that has lived a semi-nomadic lifestyle on the ocean for centuries. Living on boats and fishing for income and sustenance, the Bajau Laut arenโt just reliant on the sea: theyโre biologically adapted to it, with larger spleens that give them the ability to hold their breath for far longer than the average person.
โWeโre very comfortable in the water,โ says Salih. The 20-year-old was born on board a lepa, a type of houseboat, on the shore of Omadal Island, off the coast of Semporna in Malaysian Borneo.
A brief history of sunglasses, from Ancient Rome to Hollywood
ะบัะฐะบะตะฝ ะดะฐัะบะฝะตั
Sunglasses, or dark glasses, have always guarded against strong sunlight, but is there more to โshadesโ than we think?
The pupils of our eyes are delicate and react immediately to strong lights. Protecting them against light โ even the brilliance reflected off snow โ is important for everyone. Himalayan mountaineers wear goggles for this exact purpose.
Protection is partly the function of sunglasses. But dark or colored lens glasses have become fashion accessories and personal signature items. Think of the vast and famous collector of sunglasses Elton John, with his pink lensed heart-shaped extravaganzas and many others.
When did this interest in protecting the eyes begin, and at what point did dark glasses become a social statement as well as physical protection?
The Roman Emperor Nero is reported as holding polished gemstones to his eyes for sun protection as he watched fighting gladiators.
We know Canadian far north Copper Inuit and Alaskan Yupik wore snow goggles of many kinds made of antlers or whalebone and with tiny horizontal slits. Wearers looked through these and they were protected against the snowโs brilliant light when hunting. At the same time the very narrow eye holes helped them to focus on their prey.
In 12th-century China, judges wore sunglasses with smoked quartz lenses to hide their facial expressions โ perhaps to retain their dignity or not convey emotions.
A brief history of sunglasses, from Ancient Rome to Hollywood
ะบัะฐะบะตะฝ ัััะปะบะฐ
Sunglasses, or dark glasses, have always guarded against strong sunlight, but is there more to โshadesโ than we think?
The pupils of our eyes are delicate and react immediately to strong lights. Protecting them against light โ even the brilliance reflected off snow โ is important for everyone. Himalayan mountaineers wear goggles for this exact purpose.
Protection is partly the function of sunglasses. But dark or colored lens glasses have become fashion accessories and personal signature items. Think of the vast and famous collector of sunglasses Elton John, with his pink lensed heart-shaped extravaganzas and many others.
When did this interest in protecting the eyes begin, and at what point did dark glasses become a social statement as well as physical protection?
The Roman Emperor Nero is reported as holding polished gemstones to his eyes for sun protection as he watched fighting gladiators.
We know Canadian far north Copper Inuit and Alaskan Yupik wore snow goggles of many kinds made of antlers or whalebone and with tiny horizontal slits. Wearers looked through these and they were protected against the snowโs brilliant light when hunting. At the same time the very narrow eye holes helped them to focus on their prey.
In 12th-century China, judges wore sunglasses with smoked quartz lenses to hide their facial expressions โ perhaps to retain their dignity or not convey emotions.
A brief history of sunglasses, from Ancient Rome to Hollywood
kraken ะดะฐัะบะฝะตั
Sunglasses, or dark glasses, have always guarded against strong sunlight, but is there more to โshadesโ than we think?
The pupils of our eyes are delicate and react immediately to strong lights. Protecting them against light โ even the brilliance reflected off snow โ is important for everyone. Himalayan mountaineers wear goggles for this exact purpose.
Protection is partly the function of sunglasses. But dark or colored lens glasses have become fashion accessories and personal signature items. Think of the vast and famous collector of sunglasses Elton John, with his pink lensed heart-shaped extravaganzas and many others.
When did this interest in protecting the eyes begin, and at what point did dark glasses become a social statement as well as physical protection?
The Roman Emperor Nero is reported as holding polished gemstones to his eyes for sun protection as he watched fighting gladiators.
We know Canadian far north Copper Inuit and Alaskan Yupik wore snow goggles of many kinds made of antlers or whalebone and with tiny horizontal slits. Wearers looked through these and they were protected against the snowโs brilliant light when hunting. At the same time the very narrow eye holes helped them to focus on their prey.
In 12th-century China, judges wore sunglasses with smoked quartz lenses to hide their facial expressions โ perhaps to retain their dignity or not convey emotions.
A brief history of sunglasses, from Ancient Rome to Hollywood
kraken ัััะปะบะฐ
Sunglasses, or dark glasses, have always guarded against strong sunlight, but is there more to โshadesโ than we think?
The pupils of our eyes are delicate and react immediately to strong lights. Protecting them against light โ even the brilliance reflected off snow โ is important for everyone. Himalayan mountaineers wear goggles for this exact purpose.
Protection is partly the function of sunglasses. But dark or colored lens glasses have become fashion accessories and personal signature items. Think of the vast and famous collector of sunglasses Elton John, with his pink lensed heart-shaped extravaganzas and many others.
When did this interest in protecting the eyes begin, and at what point did dark glasses become a social statement as well as physical protection?
The Roman Emperor Nero is reported as holding polished gemstones to his eyes for sun protection as he watched fighting gladiators.
We know Canadian far north Copper Inuit and Alaskan Yupik wore snow goggles of many kinds made of antlers or whalebone and with tiny horizontal slits. Wearers looked through these and they were protected against the snowโs brilliant light when hunting. At the same time the very narrow eye holes helped them to focus on their prey.
In 12th-century China, judges wore sunglasses with smoked quartz lenses to hide their facial expressions โ perhaps to retain their dignity or not convey emotions.
A brief history of sunglasses, from Ancient Rome to Hollywood
kraken ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั
Sunglasses, or dark glasses, have always guarded against strong sunlight, but is there more to โshadesโ than we think?
The pupils of our eyes are delicate and react immediately to strong lights. Protecting them against light โ even the brilliance reflected off snow โ is important for everyone. Himalayan mountaineers wear goggles for this exact purpose.
Protection is partly the function of sunglasses. But dark or colored lens glasses have become fashion accessories and personal signature items. Think of the vast and famous collector of sunglasses Elton John, with his pink lensed heart-shaped extravaganzas and many others.
When did this interest in protecting the eyes begin, and at what point did dark glasses become a social statement as well as physical protection?
The Roman Emperor Nero is reported as holding polished gemstones to his eyes for sun protection as he watched fighting gladiators.
We know Canadian far north Copper Inuit and Alaskan Yupik wore snow goggles of many kinds made of antlers or whalebone and with tiny horizontal slits. Wearers looked through these and they were protected against the snowโs brilliant light when hunting. At the same time the very narrow eye holes helped them to focus on their prey.
In 12th-century China, judges wore sunglasses with smoked quartz lenses to hide their facial expressions โ perhaps to retain their dignity or not convey emotions.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะฑะธะพะณัะฐัะธั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝะฐ
ััะดัั ะะบะฐัะตัะธะฝะฐ ะะฐะณะดะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ
ะะธะพะณัะฐัะธั
ะะฝะตะฝะธะต
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝัะน ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะผะตัะตะฝะฐั. ะัะฒัะธะน ะพัะธัะตั, ััะตะดัะธะน ะฒ ะทะฐะฟะฐั ั ัะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ัะพัะผั. ะกะพะทะดะฐัะตะปั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผั, ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัััะตะน ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะถะธะปัะต ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ัััะดะพัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝัะผ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะพ ัะฐะบะถะต ะผะพะปะพะดะตะถะธ, ะปะธัะฐะผ ั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพัััะผะธ, ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะฐะผ.
ะะธะพะณัะฐัะธั
ะ ะพะดะธะปัั 5 ะฐะฟัะตะปั 1969 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดะต, ะฒ ัะตะผัะต ะผะพััะบะธั ะพัะธัะตัะพะฒ. ะะตัััะฒะพ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะพัะปะพ ะฒ ััะฐะฝะดะฐััะฝัั ะดะปั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ัะตะผะตะน ััะปะพะฒะธัั โ ะฒ ัะฐะทัะตะทะดะฐั . ะะบะพะฝัะธะป ัะบะพะปั ะฒ ะณะฐัะฝะธะทะพะฝะต ะฝะฐ ะะฐะปัะฝะตะผ ะะพััะพะบะต, ะฟะพัะปะต ัะตะณะพ ะฟะพัััะฟะธะป ะฒ ะฏัะพัะปะฐะฒัะบะพะต ะฒัััะตะต ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะต ััะธะปะธัะต. ะญัะพั ัะฐะบั ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพ ัะตะปะตััััะตะผะปะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฑัะดััะตะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝะฐ โ ะบ ะฐะฑะธัััะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ััะธะปะธั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปััััั ะถะตััะบะธะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธ ะพัะฑะพัะต.
ะะพัะปะต ะฟัะธัะฒะพะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะธะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฒ 1990 ะณะพะดั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะป ัะปัะถะฑั ะพัะธัะตัะพะผ ะฒ ะะะค. ะฃะฒะพะปะธะปัั ะฒ ะทะฐะฟะฐั ะฒ 1998 ะณะพะดั ะฒ ะทะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะบะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฐ ััะตััะตะณะพ ัะฐะฝะณะฐ (ะผะฐะนะพั).
ะะตัะฒัะต ะณะพะดั ะฒ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต
ะัะต ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ัะปัะถะฑั ะฒ ะฐัะผะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะป ะทะฐะดัะผัะฒะฐัััั ะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปััะบะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ. ะะพัะปะต ัะฒะพะปัะฝะตะฝะธั ะพะฝ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพ-ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัั , ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะธะปัั โ ะฟะพัะตัะฐะป ะฒัะต ะดะพัััะฟะฝัะต ะฝะฐ ัะพั ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะบัััั: ะฒ ะะตะฝะณัะธะธ, ะะฒัััะธะธ, ะกะจะ, ะจะฒะตะนัะฐัะธะธ, ะฝะฐ ะะฐะฒัะธะบะธะธ ะธ ะะธะฟัะต. ะกัะตะฟะตะฝั MBA ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฒะพ ะคัะฐะฝัะธะธ. ะกัะผะผะฐัะฝะพ ะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะต ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝ ะฟัะพัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะพะบะพะปะพ 16 ะปะตั.
ะัะต ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟะพ ะพัะทัะฒะฐะผ ะทะฝะฐะฒัะธั ะตะณะพ ะปัะดะตะน, ัััะตะผะธะปัั ะบ ัะตะผั-ัะพ ะฑะพะปััะตะผั. ะะฝ ะผะตััะฐะป ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะพะฑ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ, ั ะพัะพัะพ ะพัะปะฐะถะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต. ะะผั ั ะพัะตะปะพัั ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะฟัะพะตะบั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฑัะดะตั ะฟะพะปะตะทะตะฝ ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ะพะฑัะตััะฒั.
ะะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะณ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฝะตัะดะฐัะฝัะผ. ะ 2013 ะณะพะดั ะพะฝ, ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะพะผ, ัะพะทะดะฐะป ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั. ะะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะฑะตะทัะฟัะตัะฝะพะน ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ัะผะตะฝะธั ะดะตัะถะฐัั ัะปะพะฒะพ, ะดะตะปะฐ ัะตะทะบะพ ะฟะพัะปะธ ะฒะฒะตัั . ะะพ ะฟัะพะธะทะพัะปะพ ัะพ, ััะพ ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ะฟัะธ ะธะทะปะธัะฝะตะน ะดะพะฒะตััะธะฒะพััะธ โ ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฒัะธัั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ัะปััะฐะตะผ, ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝัะพะฝ ะฟะตัะตะพัะพัะผะธะป ะฒัะต ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑั, ะพััะฐะฒะธะฒ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะฐ ะฑัะบะฒะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะธ ั ัะตะผ. ะะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝ ัะตัะธะป ะฟัะธะฝััั ัะธััะฐัะธั ะบะฐะบ ัะตะฝะฝัะน ะพะฟัั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะป ะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒะฐัััั ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ.
2014 ะณะพะด ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฟะพะฒะพัะพัะฝัะผ ะฒ ะฑะธะพะณัะฐัะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะฐ โ ะตะณะพ ะฟัะธะณะปะฐัะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะบััะณะปัะน ััะพะป, ัะพััะพัะฒัะธะนัั ะฒ ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะัะผะต. ะะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐะผ ะผะพะปะพะดะตะถะธ ะฒ ัะฒะตัะต ััะตัะบะธ ะผะพะทะณะพะฒ ะทะฐ ะณัะฐะฝะธัั. ะะปะฐะฒะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผะธ ะพััะตะทะดะฐ ะฑัะปะธ ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝั ะฝะตั ะฒะฐัะบะฐ ะถะธะปัั ะธ ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะดะพััะพะนะฝัั ัะฐะฑะพัั. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ัะพะณะดะฐ ะธ ะพัะพัะผะธะปะฐัั ะธะดะตั ั ะบะพะฝะบัะตัะฝะพะน ัะตะปัั โ ะดะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะปัะดัะผ ะถะธัั ะดะพััะพะนะฝะพ ะทะดะตัั ะธ ัะตะนัะฐั.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะบ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต
ะะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะฟัะตะดะฟะพััะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะผ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธะต ะพะฟััะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฒะพะผ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะต ะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ, ะบ ัะตะผั ะฝะตะผะตะดะปะตะฝะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธัััะฟะธะป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. Best Way ะฑัะป ัะพะทะดะฐะฝ ะฒ 2014 ะณะพะดั. ะก ะผะพะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟะธะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะทะธัะธะตะน ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ััะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝะพััั ะธ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะฐั ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพััั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะดะปั ะพะฑััะฝัั ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะน.
ะะฐะบ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ัะฐะผ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ััะฐััะธะต ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะบะปะฐะดัะธะฝั. ะะฐะนัะธะบ ะฒะฝะพัะธั 35% ะพั ััะพะธะผะพััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะพััะฐะฒััััั ััะผะผั 65% ะฟะปะฐัะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธะท ัะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ. ะฃัะฐััะฝะธะบ ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตั ะดะพะปะณ ะฑะตัะฟัะพัะตะฝัะฝะพ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต 10 ะปะตั, ะฟะพัะปะต ัะตะณะพ ะถะธะปัะต ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะธั ะฒ ะตะณะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะตััั ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะฟัะพะฟะธัะฐัััั ะธ ะฒัะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะบัะฟะปะตะฝะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ััะฐะทั ะถะต ะฟะพัะปะต ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธั ัะดะตะปะบะธ ะบัะฟะปะธ-ะฟัะพะดะฐะถะธ.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะฑะธะพะณัะฐัะธั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝะฐ
ะกะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะฐ ะดะปั ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ
ะะธะพะณัะฐัะธั
ะะฝะตะฝะธะต
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝัะน ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะผะตัะตะฝะฐั. ะัะฒัะธะน ะพัะธัะตั, ััะตะดัะธะน ะฒ ะทะฐะฟะฐั ั ัะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ัะพัะผั. ะกะพะทะดะฐัะตะปั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผั, ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัััะตะน ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะถะธะปัะต ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ัััะดะพัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝัะผ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะพ ัะฐะบะถะต ะผะพะปะพะดะตะถะธ, ะปะธัะฐะผ ั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพัััะผะธ, ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะฐะผ.
ะะธะพะณัะฐัะธั
ะ ะพะดะธะปัั 5 ะฐะฟัะตะปั 1969 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดะต, ะฒ ัะตะผัะต ะผะพััะบะธั ะพัะธัะตัะพะฒ. ะะตัััะฒะพ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะพัะปะพ ะฒ ััะฐะฝะดะฐััะฝัั ะดะปั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ัะตะผะตะน ััะปะพะฒะธัั โ ะฒ ัะฐะทัะตะทะดะฐั . ะะบะพะฝัะธะป ัะบะพะปั ะฒ ะณะฐัะฝะธะทะพะฝะต ะฝะฐ ะะฐะปัะฝะตะผ ะะพััะพะบะต, ะฟะพัะปะต ัะตะณะพ ะฟะพัััะฟะธะป ะฒ ะฏัะพัะปะฐะฒัะบะพะต ะฒัััะตะต ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะต ััะธะปะธัะต. ะญัะพั ัะฐะบั ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพ ัะตะปะตััััะตะผะปะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฑัะดััะตะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝะฐ โ ะบ ะฐะฑะธัััะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ััะธะปะธั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปััััั ะถะตััะบะธะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธ ะพัะฑะพัะต.
ะะพัะปะต ะฟัะธัะฒะพะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะธะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฒ 1990 ะณะพะดั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะป ัะปัะถะฑั ะพัะธัะตัะพะผ ะฒ ะะะค. ะฃะฒะพะปะธะปัั ะฒ ะทะฐะฟะฐั ะฒ 1998 ะณะพะดั ะฒ ะทะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะบะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฐ ััะตััะตะณะพ ัะฐะฝะณะฐ (ะผะฐะนะพั).
ะะตัะฒัะต ะณะพะดั ะฒ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต
ะัะต ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ัะปัะถะฑั ะฒ ะฐัะผะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะป ะทะฐะดัะผัะฒะฐัััั ะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปััะบะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ. ะะพัะปะต ัะฒะพะปัะฝะตะฝะธั ะพะฝ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพ-ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัั , ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะธะปัั โ ะฟะพัะตัะฐะป ะฒัะต ะดะพัััะฟะฝัะต ะฝะฐ ัะพั ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะบัััั: ะฒ ะะตะฝะณัะธะธ, ะะฒัััะธะธ, ะกะจะ, ะจะฒะตะนัะฐัะธะธ, ะฝะฐ ะะฐะฒัะธะบะธะธ ะธ ะะธะฟัะต. ะกัะตะฟะตะฝั MBA ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฒะพ ะคัะฐะฝัะธะธ. ะกัะผะผะฐัะฝะพ ะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะต ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝ ะฟัะพัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะพะบะพะปะพ 16 ะปะตั.
ะัะต ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟะพ ะพัะทัะฒะฐะผ ะทะฝะฐะฒัะธั ะตะณะพ ะปัะดะตะน, ัััะตะผะธะปัั ะบ ัะตะผั-ัะพ ะฑะพะปััะตะผั. ะะฝ ะผะตััะฐะป ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะพะฑ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ, ั ะพัะพัะพ ะพัะปะฐะถะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต. ะะผั ั ะพัะตะปะพัั ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะฟัะพะตะบั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฑัะดะตั ะฟะพะปะตะทะตะฝ ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ะพะฑัะตััะฒั.
ะะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะณ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฝะตัะดะฐัะฝัะผ. ะ 2013 ะณะพะดั ะพะฝ, ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะพะผ, ัะพะทะดะฐะป ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั. ะะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะฑะตะทัะฟัะตัะฝะพะน ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ัะผะตะฝะธั ะดะตัะถะฐัั ัะปะพะฒะพ, ะดะตะปะฐ ัะตะทะบะพ ะฟะพัะปะธ ะฒะฒะตัั . ะะพ ะฟัะพะธะทะพัะปะพ ัะพ, ััะพ ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ะฟัะธ ะธะทะปะธัะฝะตะน ะดะพะฒะตััะธะฒะพััะธ โ ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฒัะธัั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ัะปััะฐะตะผ, ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝัะพะฝ ะฟะตัะตะพัะพัะผะธะป ะฒัะต ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑั, ะพััะฐะฒะธะฒ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะฐ ะฑัะบะฒะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะธ ั ัะตะผ. ะะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝ ัะตัะธะป ะฟัะธะฝััั ัะธััะฐัะธั ะบะฐะบ ัะตะฝะฝัะน ะพะฟัั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะป ะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒะฐัััั ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ.
2014 ะณะพะด ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฟะพะฒะพัะพัะฝัะผ ะฒ ะฑะธะพะณัะฐัะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะฐ โ ะตะณะพ ะฟัะธะณะปะฐัะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะบััะณะปัะน ััะพะป, ัะพััะพัะฒัะธะนัั ะฒ ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะัะผะต. ะะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐะผ ะผะพะปะพะดะตะถะธ ะฒ ัะฒะตัะต ััะตัะบะธ ะผะพะทะณะพะฒ ะทะฐ ะณัะฐะฝะธัั. ะะปะฐะฒะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผะธ ะพััะตะทะดะฐ ะฑัะปะธ ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝั ะฝะตั ะฒะฐัะบะฐ ะถะธะปัั ะธ ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะดะพััะพะนะฝัั ัะฐะฑะพัั. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ัะพะณะดะฐ ะธ ะพัะพัะผะธะปะฐัั ะธะดะตั ั ะบะพะฝะบัะตัะฝะพะน ัะตะปัั โ ะดะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะปัะดัะผ ะถะธัั ะดะพััะพะนะฝะพ ะทะดะตัั ะธ ัะตะนัะฐั.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะบ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต
ะะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะฟัะตะดะฟะพััะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะผ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธะต ะพะฟััะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฒะพะผ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะต ะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ, ะบ ัะตะผั ะฝะตะผะตะดะปะตะฝะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธัััะฟะธะป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. Best Way ะฑัะป ัะพะทะดะฐะฝ ะฒ 2014 ะณะพะดั. ะก ะผะพะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟะธะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะทะธัะธะตะน ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ััะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝะพััั ะธ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะฐั ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพััั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะดะปั ะพะฑััะฝัั ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะน.
ะะฐะบ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ัะฐะผ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ััะฐััะธะต ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะบะปะฐะดัะธะฝั. ะะฐะนัะธะบ ะฒะฝะพัะธั 35% ะพั ััะพะธะผะพััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะพััะฐะฒััััั ััะผะผั 65% ะฟะปะฐัะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธะท ัะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ. ะฃัะฐััะฝะธะบ ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตั ะดะพะปะณ ะฑะตัะฟัะพัะตะฝัะฝะพ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต 10 ะปะตั, ะฟะพัะปะต ัะตะณะพ ะถะธะปัะต ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะธั ะฒ ะตะณะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะตััั ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะฟัะพะฟะธัะฐัััั ะธ ะฒัะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะบัะฟะปะตะฝะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ััะฐะทั ะถะต ะฟะพัะปะต ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธั ัะดะตะปะบะธ ะบัะฟะปะธ-ะฟัะพะดะฐะถะธ.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะฑะธะพะณัะฐัะธั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝะฐ
ะะธะทะฝะตั ะบะปัะฑ UTL
ะะธะพะณัะฐัะธั
ะะฝะตะฝะธะต
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝัะน ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะผะตัะตะฝะฐั. ะัะฒัะธะน ะพัะธัะตั, ััะตะดัะธะน ะฒ ะทะฐะฟะฐั ั ัะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ัะพัะผั. ะกะพะทะดะฐัะตะปั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผั, ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัััะตะน ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะถะธะปัะต ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ัััะดะพัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝัะผ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะพ ัะฐะบะถะต ะผะพะปะพะดะตะถะธ, ะปะธัะฐะผ ั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพัััะผะธ, ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะฐะผ.
ะะธะพะณัะฐัะธั
ะ ะพะดะธะปัั 5 ะฐะฟัะตะปั 1969 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดะต, ะฒ ัะตะผัะต ะผะพััะบะธั ะพัะธัะตัะพะฒ. ะะตัััะฒะพ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะพัะปะพ ะฒ ััะฐะฝะดะฐััะฝัั ะดะปั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ัะตะผะตะน ััะปะพะฒะธัั โ ะฒ ัะฐะทัะตะทะดะฐั . ะะบะพะฝัะธะป ัะบะพะปั ะฒ ะณะฐัะฝะธะทะพะฝะต ะฝะฐ ะะฐะปัะฝะตะผ ะะพััะพะบะต, ะฟะพัะปะต ัะตะณะพ ะฟะพัััะฟะธะป ะฒ ะฏัะพัะปะฐะฒัะบะพะต ะฒัััะตะต ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะต ััะธะปะธัะต. ะญัะพั ัะฐะบั ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพ ัะตะปะตััััะตะผะปะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฑัะดััะตะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝะฐ โ ะบ ะฐะฑะธัััะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ััะธะปะธั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปััััั ะถะตััะบะธะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธ ะพัะฑะพัะต.
ะะพัะปะต ะฟัะธัะฒะพะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะธะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฒ 1990 ะณะพะดั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะป ัะปัะถะฑั ะพัะธัะตัะพะผ ะฒ ะะะค. ะฃะฒะพะปะธะปัั ะฒ ะทะฐะฟะฐั ะฒ 1998 ะณะพะดั ะฒ ะทะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะบะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฐ ััะตััะตะณะพ ัะฐะฝะณะฐ (ะผะฐะนะพั).
ะะตัะฒัะต ะณะพะดั ะฒ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต
ะัะต ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ัะปัะถะฑั ะฒ ะฐัะผะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะป ะทะฐะดัะผัะฒะฐัััั ะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปััะบะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ. ะะพัะปะต ัะฒะพะปัะฝะตะฝะธั ะพะฝ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพ-ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัั , ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะธะปัั โ ะฟะพัะตัะฐะป ะฒัะต ะดะพัััะฟะฝัะต ะฝะฐ ัะพั ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะบัััั: ะฒ ะะตะฝะณัะธะธ, ะะฒัััะธะธ, ะกะจะ, ะจะฒะตะนัะฐัะธะธ, ะฝะฐ ะะฐะฒัะธะบะธะธ ะธ ะะธะฟัะต. ะกัะตะฟะตะฝั MBA ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฒะพ ะคัะฐะฝัะธะธ. ะกัะผะผะฐัะฝะพ ะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะต ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝ ะฟัะพัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะพะบะพะปะพ 16 ะปะตั.
ะัะต ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟะพ ะพัะทัะฒะฐะผ ะทะฝะฐะฒัะธั ะตะณะพ ะปัะดะตะน, ัััะตะผะธะปัั ะบ ัะตะผั-ัะพ ะฑะพะปััะตะผั. ะะฝ ะผะตััะฐะป ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะพะฑ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ, ั ะพัะพัะพ ะพัะปะฐะถะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต. ะะผั ั ะพัะตะปะพัั ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะฟัะพะตะบั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฑัะดะตั ะฟะพะปะตะทะตะฝ ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ะพะฑัะตััะฒั.
ะะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะณ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฝะตัะดะฐัะฝัะผ. ะ 2013 ะณะพะดั ะพะฝ, ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะพะผ, ัะพะทะดะฐะป ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั. ะะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะฑะตะทัะฟัะตัะฝะพะน ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ัะผะตะฝะธั ะดะตัะถะฐัั ัะปะพะฒะพ, ะดะตะปะฐ ัะตะทะบะพ ะฟะพัะปะธ ะฒะฒะตัั . ะะพ ะฟัะพะธะทะพัะปะพ ัะพ, ััะพ ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ะฟัะธ ะธะทะปะธัะฝะตะน ะดะพะฒะตััะธะฒะพััะธ โ ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฒัะธัั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ัะปััะฐะตะผ, ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝัะพะฝ ะฟะตัะตะพัะพัะผะธะป ะฒัะต ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑั, ะพััะฐะฒะธะฒ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะฐ ะฑัะบะฒะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะธ ั ัะตะผ. ะะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝ ัะตัะธะป ะฟัะธะฝััั ัะธััะฐัะธั ะบะฐะบ ัะตะฝะฝัะน ะพะฟัั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะป ะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒะฐัััั ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ.
2014 ะณะพะด ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฟะพะฒะพัะพัะฝัะผ ะฒ ะฑะธะพะณัะฐัะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะฐ โ ะตะณะพ ะฟัะธะณะปะฐัะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะบััะณะปัะน ััะพะป, ัะพััะพัะฒัะธะนัั ะฒ ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะัะผะต. ะะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐะผ ะผะพะปะพะดะตะถะธ ะฒ ัะฒะตัะต ััะตัะบะธ ะผะพะทะณะพะฒ ะทะฐ ะณัะฐะฝะธัั. ะะปะฐะฒะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผะธ ะพััะตะทะดะฐ ะฑัะปะธ ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝั ะฝะตั ะฒะฐัะบะฐ ะถะธะปัั ะธ ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะดะพััะพะนะฝัั ัะฐะฑะพัั. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ัะพะณะดะฐ ะธ ะพัะพัะผะธะปะฐัั ะธะดะตั ั ะบะพะฝะบัะตัะฝะพะน ัะตะปัั โ ะดะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะปัะดัะผ ะถะธัั ะดะพััะพะนะฝะพ ะทะดะตัั ะธ ัะตะนัะฐั.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะบ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต
ะะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะฟัะตะดะฟะพััะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะผ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธะต ะพะฟััะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฒะพะผ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะต ะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ, ะบ ัะตะผั ะฝะตะผะตะดะปะตะฝะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธัััะฟะธะป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. Best Way ะฑัะป ัะพะทะดะฐะฝ ะฒ 2014 ะณะพะดั. ะก ะผะพะผะตะฝัะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟะธะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะทะธัะธะตะน ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ััะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝะพััั ะธ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะฐั ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพััั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะดะปั ะพะฑััะฝัั ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะน.
ะะฐะบ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ัะฐะผ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ััะฐััะธะต ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะบะปะฐะดัะธะฝั. ะะฐะนัะธะบ ะฒะฝะพัะธั 35% ะพั ััะพะธะผะพััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะพััะฐะฒััััั ััะผะผั 65% ะฟะปะฐัะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธะท ัะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ. ะฃัะฐััะฝะธะบ ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตั ะดะพะปะณ ะฑะตัะฟัะพัะตะฝัะฝะพ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต 10 ะปะตั, ะฟะพัะปะต ัะตะณะพ ะถะธะปัะต ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะธั ะฒ ะตะณะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะตััั ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะฟัะพะฟะธัะฐัััั ะธ ะฒัะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะบัะฟะปะตะฝะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ััะฐะทั ะถะต ะฟะพัะปะต ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธั ัะดะตะปะบะธ ะบัะฟะปะธ-ะฟัะพะดะฐะถะธ.
ะะฝะดัะตะน ะะปะธัััะฐัะพะฒ: ะั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐ-ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปะฐ ะดะพ ัะปัะณะธ ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปะธัะตัะฐ
ะะฝะดัะตะน ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ัะบะฐะผ
ะ ะฐะฝะตะต ััะดะธะผัะน ะฟะพ ยซะฝะฐัะบะพัะธัะตัะบะพะนยป ััะฐััะต ะฑะปะพะณะตั ะะฝะดัะตะน ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฟะพะทะธัะธะพะฝะธััะตั ัะตะฑั ะ ะพะฑะธะฝ ะัะดะพะผ, ะฑะพัััะธะผัั ั ัะตะผะธ, ะบัะพ ยซะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะป ะปัะดะตะนยป, โ ะฝะพ ะฒ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะพะฝ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดัะธะบะพะฒ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะบัะฐะธะฝัะบะธั , ัะฟะพะฝัะธััััะธั ะะกะฃ, ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะณะฐะตั ัะตัะตะท ัะฒะพะน ะบะฐะฝะฐะป ยซะะตะปะตะทะฝะฐั ััะฐะฒะบะฐยป ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ัะตัะฝัะน ะบัะธะฟัะพะพะฑะผะตะฝ/ัะธัะธะฝะณะพะฒัะน ะบัะธะฟัะพะพะฑะผะฐะฝ, ะพัะผัะฒะฐะตั ะฝะฐัะบะพะดะพั ะพะดั ะทะฐ ััะตั ัะดะตะปะพะบ ั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพัััั ะฒ ะัะฑะฐะต.
ะขะพ ะตััั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะฐ, ะฟััะฐััะตะณะพัั ะฝะฐะถะธัััั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปัั , ััะพะปะบะฝัะฒัะธั ัั ั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผะธ, ัะฐััะพ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธัะผะธ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ.
ะะฐัะบะพัะธะบะธ ะธ ะพัะผัะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะดะพั ะพะดะพะฒ
ะฃัะพะถะตะฝะตั ะะฐะปัะณะธ ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะพััะธะดะตะป ัะตัััะต ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะปะฐะณะตัะต โ ะทะฐ ะฟัะพะดะฐะถั ะฝะฐัะบะพัะธะบะพะฒ ะดะตััะผ.
ะขะฐะผ ะพะฝ ัะฒัะทะฐะปัั ั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผะธ ะฐะฒัะพัะธัะตัะฐะผะธ ะธ, ะฒัะนะดั ะธะท ััััะผั, ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะป ััะฐััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต ะฟะพ ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐัะบะพัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะผัะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐัะบะพะดะพั ะพะดะพะฒ ะพั ะฝะธั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะธะตะปัะพััะบะพะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ัะพะทะดะฐะป ัะพะฒะผะตััะฝะพ ั ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะฐะผะธ ะธะท ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะฐ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธ ะญะผะธัะฐัะฐั .
ะกัะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะบะฐะผ
ะะฐะฝะฐะป ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒะฐ ยซะะตะปะตะทะฝะฐั ััะฐะฒะบะฐยป โ ยซัะฐะทะพะฑะปะฐัะตะฝะธะตยป ะฝะตะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัั (ะฟะพ ะผะฝะตะฝะธั ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปะธัะตัะฐ) ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพะตะบัะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะถะตะฝะธะต ยซะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัั ยป: ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะด ะธ ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ, ัะฟะพะฝัะธััััะธั ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒะฐ.
ะะฝ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะปัั ะบะฐะบ ะบะฐะฝะฐะป ะพ ยซะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัั ยป ััะฐะฒะบะฐั ะฒ ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ะฝะต ัะผะตะฝะธะป ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะพะฒะฐั ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะพััะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะตะถะฝะตะน: ัะฐััะธัะฐัั ะฟะพะปะต ะดะปั ยซั ะพัะพัะธั ยป, ะฟะพ ยซัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพะผัยป ะผะฝะตะฝะธั ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒะฐ (ัะพ ะตััั ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธะฒัะธั ะตะผั), ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธะบะพะฒ.
ะะฑััะฝะพ ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะตั ั ะฟะพะฟััะบะธ ะฒัะผะพะณะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ โ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะถะตััะฒะต ะบะพะผะฟัะพะผะฐั ะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธัั. ะัะปะธ ะถะตััะฒะฐ ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตััั, ะฒ ั ะพะด ะธะดัั ััะฐะฒะปั ะธ ะฝะฐัะธะปะธะต.
ะะพะดัััะตะบะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะธ ะฝะฐะฟะฐะดะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะัะฑะฐะต
1 ัะฝะฒะฐัั 2025 ะณะพะดะฐ ัะพััะพัะปะพัั ะถะตััะพะบะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะฐะดะตะฝะธะต ะดะฒัั ะบะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝัะตะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐััะตะณะพ ะฒ ะัะฑะฐะต, โ ะตะณะพ ะธะทะฑะธะปะธ, ะพััะตะทะฐะปะธ ัั ะพ, ะพะฑะฒะพัะพะฒะฐะปะธ.
ะะพ ััะพะณะพ ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ัะฝัะป 12 ัะพะปะธะบะพะฒ, ะณะดะต ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะธะฒะฐะป ะฐะดัะตั ััะพะณะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะฝัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ะตะณะพ ะฑะปะธะทะบะธั ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐั ะฒ ะะะญ. ะะตะทะพ ะฒััะบะพะณะพ ััะตัะฝะตะฝะธั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะป ะฟะพะดะณะปัะดัะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฟะพะดัะปััะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะต ะฟัะพะฝะธะบะฝะพะฒะตะฝะธะต, ะฒะผะตัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะฒ ัะฐััะฝัั ะถะธะทะฝั โ ะฒัะต ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒ ะญะผะธัะฐัะฐั , ะณะดะต ัััะพะณะพ ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐะตััั ะฝะตะฟัะธะบะพัะฝะพะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะธ ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะธะฝะฒะตััะพัะพะฒ, ัะฒะปัะตััั ััะถะบะธะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะตะผ.
ะะพ ััะพะณะพ ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ะฟัะฑะปะธัะฝะพ ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝัะป ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ะผะตััะต ะถะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะฐ ััะพะณะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั โ ัะพ ะตััั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะต ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะต ะบะพะฝัะธะดะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝะพััะธ, ะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ, ัะฐะนะฝั ัะฐััะฝะพะน ะถะธะทะฝะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะบััััั ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะธ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะพัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะะญ ะฒะพัะปะพ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒ ัะธััะตะผั. ะะฝ ัะตััะพัะธะทะธััะตั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะตะน, ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ัะตัะตะฝะธะน ััะดะพะฒ โ ะฝะธ ะทะฐ ััะฑะตะถะพะผ, ะฝะธ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ.
ะะปะธััะฐัะพะฒ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะป, ััะพ ะทะฐัะฒะธะป ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะฒ ะะฝัะตัะฟะพะป ะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะะะญ โ ัะบะพะฑั ะพะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผ. ะะพ ััะพ ะฟะพัะตะผั-ัะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะธะฒะตะปะพ ะบ ะฐัะตััั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั โ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั, ะฟะพัะพะผั, ััะพ ะฟะพะปะธัะธั ะะะญ ะฝะต ะฒะธะดะธั ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ?
ะ ัะด ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะพะฒ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะพััะถะดะตะฝั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ัะฐะผ ะพะฝ ะฒ ัะพะทััะบะต ัะพััะธะนัะบะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ โ ะฝะพ ะฝะต ะพััะถะดะตะฝ. ะะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะบ ะฝะตะผั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน.
ะะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั “ะะะะะะซ ะะะะะ ะกะะะะ ะะ ะะฏ” ะทะฐะฟัััะธะปะฐ ะฟัะพัะตัั Pre-IPO ะฝะฐ FINMUSTER ั ัะตะปัั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัั 1 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะดะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฝะพะฒัั ะฐะปะผะฐะทะฝัั ะผะตััะพัะพะถะดะตะฝะธะน. ะะฝะฒะตััะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะฐะปะผะฐะทั ััะฐะปะพ ะตัะต ะฟัะพัะต, ะธ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะธะฝะฒะตััะพั ะธะผะตะตั ัะฐะฝั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฒััะพะบัั ะดะพั ะพะดะฝะพััั.
ะะพะฑััะฐ ะฐะปะผะฐะทะพะฒ ะฒ ะฐัั ะฐะฝะณะตะปััะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ
ะะ “ะะะะะะซ ะะะะะ ะกะะะะ ะะ ะะฏ” ะพะฑััะฒะธะปะพ ะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต Pre-IPO ะฝะฐ FINMUSTER ั ัะตะปัั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัั 1 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะดะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฝะพะฒัั ะผะตััะพัะพะถะดะตะฝะธะน ะฐะปะผะฐะทะพะฒ. ะญัะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะดะปั ะธะฝะฒะตััะพัะพะฒ ะฒะพะนัะธ ะฒ ะฑะธะทะฝะตั ะฐะปะผะฐะทะพะฒ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะพั ะพะดะฝะพััั ะพั ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะน.
ะะพะฒัะต ะผะตััะพัะพะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะปะผะฐะทะพะฒ
A brief history of sunglasses, from Ancient Rome to Hollywood
ะบัะฐะบะตะฝ ัััะปะบะฐ
Sunglasses, or dark glasses, have always guarded against strong sunlight, but is there more to โshadesโ than we think?
The pupils of our eyes are delicate and react immediately to strong lights. Protecting them against light โ even the brilliance reflected off snow โ is important for everyone. Himalayan mountaineers wear goggles for this exact purpose.
Protection is partly the function of sunglasses. But dark or colored lens glasses have become fashion accessories and personal signature items. Think of the vast and famous collector of sunglasses Elton John, with his pink lensed heart-shaped extravaganzas and many others.
When did this interest in protecting the eyes begin, and at what point did dark glasses become a social statement as well as physical protection?
The Roman Emperor Nero is reported as holding polished gemstones to his eyes for sun protection as he watched fighting gladiators.
We know Canadian far north Copper Inuit and Alaskan Yupik wore snow goggles of many kinds made of antlers or whalebone and with tiny horizontal slits. Wearers looked through these and they were protected against the snowโs brilliant light when hunting. At the same time the very narrow eye holes helped them to focus on their prey.
In 12th-century China, judges wore sunglasses with smoked quartz lenses to hide their facial expressions โ perhaps to retain their dignity or not convey emotions.
Aerodrome Finance: Unlocking Potential for Growth
The world of aerodrome finance is pivotal for ensuring the efficient operation, enhancement, and expansion of aerodrome facilities globally. With the increasing demand for air travel, understanding aerodrome financial processes is more important than ever.
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Why Aerodrome Finance Matters
Aerodrome finance plays a critical role in the lifespan of airport projects, providing necessary funding from initial development to ongoing management. Here are key reasons why it matters:
Infrastructure Development: Secure financial backing enables the construction and maintenance of essential airport infrastructure.
Operational Efficiency: Adequate funding ensures that airports can operate smoothly, adapting to technological advancements and logistical demands.
Economic Growth: Airports serve as economic hubs; their development stimulates job creation and boosts local economies.
Aerodrome Finance Strategies
Various strategies can be employed to optimize aerodrome finance, ensuring both immediate and long-term benefits. Here are a few notable approaches:
Public-Private Partnerships (PPP)
These partnerships combine public sector oversight and private sector efficiency, leading to shared risks and rewards. They facilitate diverse financial resources and innovative solutions for airport projects.
Revenue Diversification
Exploring non-aeronautical revenue streams, such as retail concessions and property leases, can significantly bolster an airport’s financial resilience. Such diversification allows for a steady income flow independent of ticket sales.
Sustainable Financing
Adopting sustainable financial practices, including green bonds and ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) criteria, aligns with modern ecological standards and attracts environmentally conscious investors.
Challenges and Opportunities
While aerodrome finance offers numerous benefits, it also poses certain challenges. High capital costs, regulatory hurdles, and fluctuating passenger demands can impact financial stability. However, these challenges also present opportunities for innovation and improvement.
Tech-Driven Solutions: Embracing technology like AI and predictive analytics can enhance decision-making and financial planning.
Collaboration: Strengthening ties with stakeholders, including airlines and government agencies, can streamline financial operations and capital investments.
Ultimately, the goal of aerodrome finance is to support the sustainable growth and modernization of airports, ensuring their pivotal role in global connectivity remains strong.
Introducing Velodrome Finance: Maximize Your Crypto Yields
In the rapidly evolving world of decentralized finance (DeFi), Velodrome Finance emerges as a robust platform for enthusiasts looking to enhance their crypto yield returns. This guide will walk you through the essentials of Velodrome Finance and how you can benefit from its features.
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Why Choose Velodrome Finance?
Velodrome Finance stands out as a comprehensive DeFi protocol designed specifically for liquidity providers. Its innovative approach focuses on maximizing rewards while maintaining efficient and secure trading mechanisms. Here’s why it’s capturing the attention of the DeFi community:
Efficient Token Swaps: Velodrome offers seamless and cost-effective token swapping capabilities.
Liquidity Pools: Participants can provide liquidity to various pools, optimizing their earning potential.
Yield Optimization: With advanced strategies, Velodrome helps users achieve superior returns on their investments.
Secure Protocol: Security is a top priority, and Velodrome utilizes cutting-edge technology to protect user assets.
Getting Started with Velodrome
Embarking on your journey with Velodrome Finance is straightforward. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you dive into the platform:
Create a Wallet: To engage with Velodrome, you first need a compatible crypto wallet.
Connect Your Wallet: Visit and securely link your crypto wallet.
Explore Liquidity Pools: Browse through available pools and decide where to allocate your assets for optimal returns.
Stake and Earn: Once you’ve funded a pool, begin staking and watch your earnings grow as you benefit from trading fees and incentives.
Community and Support
Velodrome Finance boasts a vibrant community ready to assist users at any step. Whether you’re a seasoned DeFi user or a newcomer, you can find guidance and support from community forums and dedicated customer service.
Conclusion
With its focus on maximizing crypto yield, Velodrome Finance is a compelling choice for anyone looking to delve deeper into the DeFi space. From efficient token swaps to robust security measures, it offers a complete ecosystem for those eager to optimize their returns. Visit the official site and start your journey towards enhanced financial growth.
About us
Since its founding in 2020, EtherCode Innovation has demonstrated an outstanding level of expertise in smart contract development on the Ethereum platform. The EtherCode Innovation team brings together experienced developers whose knowledge and skills allow them to create reliable and innovative solutions for their clients
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Mission
We strive to ensure that every person interested in blockchain technologies can gain high-quality knowledge and skills. Our mission is to develop smart contracts that not only improve the functionality of the Ethereum network, but also contribute to the education and development of the developer community.
Our services
EtherCode Innovation specializes in creating various smart contracts within Ethereum. We develop innovative solutions for financial instruments, decentralized applications (DApps) and digital asset management systems. Our team has deep knowledge of the Solidity and Vyper programming languages, which allows us to create secure and efficient smart contracts.
In addition, we provide free educational content for those who want to learn how to create tokens, including Honeypot tokens. Our materials cover all aspects of creating and deploying tokens on Ethereum, from basic concepts to complex technical details.
Our contribution to the community
We believe that education plays a key role in the development of the blockchain community. Therefore, we actively participate in various educational and communication initiatives. We also support various educational projects aimed at spreading knowledge about blockchain.
Development prospects
We are confident that blockchain technology will continue to transform the world, and we are committed to staying at the center of this process. Our team will continue to create innovative products, develop educational resources, and actively participate in the development of the Ethereum developer community.
Finally, it is worth noting that EtherCode Innovation is committed to continuous development and innovation. The team is constantly researching new technologies and development methods to provide its clients with the most advanced solutions. Thanks to this approach, the company remains ahead of its time and continues to be in demand in the field of blockchain development.
EtherCode Innovation is not just a company developing smart contracts on Ethereum. We are leaders in blockchain technology and education, and we invite you to join us on this exciting journey into the world of decentralization and innovation.
Ich habe zu Beginn in UTLH investiert und sehe jetzt, wie das Projekt wachst. Das Einkommen ist stabil, die Community wachst, und das Wichtigste ist โ der Preis des Tokens steigt sicher. Ich denke, in ein paar Jahren wird es einer der gefragtesten Assets in seinem Segment sein.
Carrie Underwood slated to perform at Trumpโs inauguration
kra25 cc
Country music star Carrie Underwood is slated to perform โAmerica the Beautifulโ at President-elect Donald Trumpโs inauguration, according to a copy of the program obtained by CNN and confirmed by a spokesperson for the inaugural committee.
โI love our country and am honored to have been asked to sing at the Inauguration and to be a small part of this historic event,โ Underwood said in a statement to CNN. โI am humbled to answer the call at a time when we must all come together in the spirit of unity and looking to the future.โ
The presidential oath of office will be administered by Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts with Justice Brett Kavanaugh expected to administer the oath of office to Vice President-elect JD Vance.
Trumpโs inauguration as the 47th president of the United States will take place on January 20 at the US Capitol.
Underwood is a big get for Trumpโs inauguration, considering Hollywoodโs Trump blackout over the course of his political career.
In his first term and throughout the past three elections, Trump has struggled to garner support from major Hollywood stars. At the Republican National Convention last year, the two biggest stars onstage with Trump were musician Kid Rock and retired WWE wrestler Hulk Hogan โ a far cry from a superstar at the height of their career, like Underwood.
The Grammy-winning artist is as high-profile as you can get in country music, not only with numerous platinum hits, but also with public-facing, mainstream business associations. Underwood is the face of Sunday Night Football and is set to make her debut this March as a judge on ABCโs โAmerican Idolโ โ the singing competition show that catapulted her to fame when she won in 2005.
While many NFL fans will likely applaud Underwood for singing at the inauguration, any time a celebrity aligns themselves with Trump, they run the risk of alienating left-leaning fans and Hollywood allies.
Underwood has kept her politics under wraps over the course of her career. In her statement, she did not mention Trump by name and kept her focus on unifying the country โ still, Underwoodโs decision to publicly align with Trump is a big statement for any star, particularly one as private as the singer.
Historically, Hollywood has always been closely associated with the Democratic Party, but country stars have always been an outlier, leaning more conservative. In recent years, as new singers join the genre, country music has gotten to be more progressive. This past election cycle, country stars like Mickey Guyton and Maren Morris stood with Vice President Kamala Harris.
Carrie Underwood slated to perform at Trumpโs inauguration
kraken darknet onion
Country music star Carrie Underwood is slated to perform โAmerica the Beautifulโ at President-elect Donald Trumpโs inauguration, according to a copy of the program obtained by CNN and confirmed by a spokesperson for the inaugural committee.
โI love our country and am honored to have been asked to sing at the Inauguration and to be a small part of this historic event,โ Underwood said in a statement to CNN. โI am humbled to answer the call at a time when we must all come together in the spirit of unity and looking to the future.โ
The presidential oath of office will be administered by Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts with Justice Brett Kavanaugh expected to administer the oath of office to Vice President-elect JD Vance.
Trumpโs inauguration as the 47th president of the United States will take place on January 20 at the US Capitol.
Underwood is a big get for Trumpโs inauguration, considering Hollywoodโs Trump blackout over the course of his political career.
In his first term and throughout the past three elections, Trump has struggled to garner support from major Hollywood stars. At the Republican National Convention last year, the two biggest stars onstage with Trump were musician Kid Rock and retired WWE wrestler Hulk Hogan โ a far cry from a superstar at the height of their career, like Underwood.
The Grammy-winning artist is as high-profile as you can get in country music, not only with numerous platinum hits, but also with public-facing, mainstream business associations. Underwood is the face of Sunday Night Football and is set to make her debut this March as a judge on ABCโs โAmerican Idolโ โ the singing competition show that catapulted her to fame when she won in 2005.
While many NFL fans will likely applaud Underwood for singing at the inauguration, any time a celebrity aligns themselves with Trump, they run the risk of alienating left-leaning fans and Hollywood allies.
Underwood has kept her politics under wraps over the course of her career. In her statement, she did not mention Trump by name and kept her focus on unifying the country โ still, Underwoodโs decision to publicly align with Trump is a big statement for any star, particularly one as private as the singer.
Historically, Hollywood has always been closely associated with the Democratic Party, but country stars have always been an outlier, leaning more conservative. In recent years, as new singers join the genre, country music has gotten to be more progressive. This past election cycle, country stars like Mickey Guyton and Maren Morris stood with Vice President Kamala Harris.
Astronomers briefly thought Elon Muskโs car was an asteroid. Hereโs why that points to a broader problem
sะัะฐะบะตะฝ ะดะฐัะบะฝะตั
Seven years after SpaceX launched Elon Muskโs cherry red sports car into orbit around our sun, astronomers unwittingly began paying attention to its movements once again.
Observers spotted and correctly identified the vehicle as it started its extraterrestrial excursion in February 2018 โ after it had blasted off into space during the Falcon Heavy rocketโs splashy maiden launch. But more recently, the car spawned a high-profile case of mistaken identity as space observers mistook it for an asteroid.
Several observations of the vehicle, gathered by sweeping surveys of the night sky, were inadvertently stashed away in a database meant for miscellaneous and unknown objects, according to the International Astronomical Unionโs Minor Planet Center.
An amateur astronomer noticed a string of data points in January that appeared to fit together, describing the orbit of a relatively small object that was swooping between the orbital paths of Earth and Mars.
The citizen scientist assumed the mystery object was an undocumented asteroid and promptly sent his findings to the MPC, which operates at the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as a clearinghouse that seeks to catalog all known asteroids, comets and other small celestial bodies. An astronomer there verified the finding.
And thus, the Minor Planet Center logged a new object, asteroid โ2018 CN41.โ
Within 24 hours, however, the center retracted the designation.
The person who originally flagged the object realized their own error, MPC astronomer Peter Veres told CNN, noticing that they had, in fact, found several uncorrelated observations of Muskโs car. And the centerโs systems hadnโt caught the error.
Astronomers briefly thought Elon Muskโs car was an asteroid. Hereโs why that points to a broader problem
skraken ัะพั
Seven years after SpaceX launched Elon Muskโs cherry red sports car into orbit around our sun, astronomers unwittingly began paying attention to its movements once again.
Observers spotted and correctly identified the vehicle as it started its extraterrestrial excursion in February 2018 โ after it had blasted off into space during the Falcon Heavy rocketโs splashy maiden launch. But more recently, the car spawned a high-profile case of mistaken identity as space observers mistook it for an asteroid.
Several observations of the vehicle, gathered by sweeping surveys of the night sky, were inadvertently stashed away in a database meant for miscellaneous and unknown objects, according to the International Astronomical Unionโs Minor Planet Center.
An amateur astronomer noticed a string of data points in January that appeared to fit together, describing the orbit of a relatively small object that was swooping between the orbital paths of Earth and Mars.
The citizen scientist assumed the mystery object was an undocumented asteroid and promptly sent his findings to the MPC, which operates at the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as a clearinghouse that seeks to catalog all known asteroids, comets and other small celestial bodies. An astronomer there verified the finding.
And thus, the Minor Planet Center logged a new object, asteroid โ2018 CN41.โ
Within 24 hours, however, the center retracted the designation.
The person who originally flagged the object realized their own error, MPC astronomer Peter Veres told CNN, noticing that they had, in fact, found several uncorrelated observations of Muskโs car. And the centerโs systems hadnโt caught the error.
Astronomers briefly thought Elon Muskโs car was an asteroid. Hereโs why that points to a broader problem
skraken darknet
Seven years after SpaceX launched Elon Muskโs cherry red sports car into orbit around our sun, astronomers unwittingly began paying attention to its movements once again.
Observers spotted and correctly identified the vehicle as it started its extraterrestrial excursion in February 2018 โ after it had blasted off into space during the Falcon Heavy rocketโs splashy maiden launch. But more recently, the car spawned a high-profile case of mistaken identity as space observers mistook it for an asteroid.
Several observations of the vehicle, gathered by sweeping surveys of the night sky, were inadvertently stashed away in a database meant for miscellaneous and unknown objects, according to the International Astronomical Unionโs Minor Planet Center.
An amateur astronomer noticed a string of data points in January that appeared to fit together, describing the orbit of a relatively small object that was swooping between the orbital paths of Earth and Mars.
The citizen scientist assumed the mystery object was an undocumented asteroid and promptly sent his findings to the MPC, which operates at the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as a clearinghouse that seeks to catalog all known asteroids, comets and other small celestial bodies. An astronomer there verified the finding.
And thus, the Minor Planet Center logged a new object, asteroid โ2018 CN41.โ
Within 24 hours, however, the center retracted the designation.
The person who originally flagged the object realized their own error, MPC astronomer Peter Veres told CNN, noticing that they had, in fact, found several uncorrelated observations of Muskโs car. And the centerโs systems hadnโt caught the error.
Astronomers briefly thought Elon Muskโs car was an asteroid. Hereโs why that points to a broader problem
sะบัะฐะบะตะฝ ะฒั ะพะด
Seven years after SpaceX launched Elon Muskโs cherry red sports car into orbit around our sun, astronomers unwittingly began paying attention to its movements once again.
Observers spotted and correctly identified the vehicle as it started its extraterrestrial excursion in February 2018 โ after it had blasted off into space during the Falcon Heavy rocketโs splashy maiden launch. But more recently, the car spawned a high-profile case of mistaken identity as space observers mistook it for an asteroid.
Several observations of the vehicle, gathered by sweeping surveys of the night sky, were inadvertently stashed away in a database meant for miscellaneous and unknown objects, according to the International Astronomical Unionโs Minor Planet Center.
An amateur astronomer noticed a string of data points in January that appeared to fit together, describing the orbit of a relatively small object that was swooping between the orbital paths of Earth and Mars.
The citizen scientist assumed the mystery object was an undocumented asteroid and promptly sent his findings to the MPC, which operates at the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as a clearinghouse that seeks to catalog all known asteroids, comets and other small celestial bodies. An astronomer there verified the finding.
And thus, the Minor Planet Center logged a new object, asteroid โ2018 CN41.โ
Within 24 hours, however, the center retracted the designation.
The person who originally flagged the object realized their own error, MPC astronomer Peter Veres told CNN, noticing that they had, in fact, found several uncorrelated observations of Muskโs car. And the centerโs systems hadnโt caught the error.
Why expanding the College Football Playoff worked โ and what still needs to be fixed
ัะฐะท ะฐะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะบั
Now that itโs all over and the Ohio State Buckeyes are the college football national champions, it can be definitively said: expanding the College Football Playoff worked.
The grand experiment to allow more teams to play for the national championship wasnโt perfect, but it ended up where it was supposed to: a worthy national champion with exciting, close games in the later rounds when the best teams faced one another. It gave us awesome scenes on campuses around the nation, created new legends and showed how a sport so steeped in tradition can evolve when faced with new demands from its fans and business partners.
Here are four reasons why the new version of the College Football Playoff worked โ and the areas that can still be fixed.
The committee picked the right teams, even if some games were blowouts
Before the games kicked off in December, much of the focus was put on the inclusion of Southern Methodist University (SMU) and Indiana University โ two teams that won a bunch of games but didnโt have the brand recognition of schools like Alabama, South Carolina and Ole Miss.
Hereโs what else those teams had that SMU and Indiana didnโt: three losses.
The Hoosiers lost only once in the regular season โ to eventual national champion Ohio State. The Mustangs had lost twice, once to Brigham Young University and again in the ACC championship game to Clemson.
In the first year of the expanded, 12-team playoff, could the committee really leave out a major conference team with 11 wins and punish another one for playing for a conference championship while other teams sat at home? Warde Manuel, the University of Michigan athletic director who served as chair of the committee, said they could not.
ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฑะตะท ะฑะฐะฝะบะตัะฐ ะธ ััััะตัะฐ
ะัะพะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะธะบะฐ ะฒ ัะตะฟะปะพะต ะฒัะตะผั ะณะพะดะฐ ััะตะฑัะตั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ะพัะพะฑะพะณะพ ะผะตััะฐ. ะะฐะบัััะพะต ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธั ะฝะต ะปัััะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะผ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะณะพัััะผ ะฑัะดะตั ั ะพัะตัััั ัะฒะตะถะตะณะพ ะฒะพะทะดัั ะฐ ะธ ัะพะปะฝัะฐ. ะัะตะบัะฐัะฝัะน ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝั โ ััะพ ะฐัะตะฝะดะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะ ะธะฒะตั ะขััะฒะตะป. ะะตะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะตะผัะต ัะผะพัะธะธ, ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปะตะฝะธั ะณะพัััะผ ัะพัะฝะพ ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั.
ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ัะฐะทะฝะพะน. ะ ะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝัะฝะฝัะน ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝั โ ะฐัะตะฝะดะฐ ะบะพัะฐะฑะปั ะฑะตะท ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธั (ะฑะฐะฝะบะตัะฐ ะธะปะธ ััััะตัะฐ). ะะตะทััะปะพะฒะฝะพ, ะฝะฐ ัะฐะบะพะผ ัะพัะผะฐัะต ะบะปะธะตะฝั ัััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธั.
ะฐัะตะฝะดะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ
ะะพะณะดะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะด ะฑะตะท ะบัั ะฝะธ?
ะััั ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะน, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะตะดะฐ ะธ ะฐะปะบะพะณะพะปัะฝัะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะบะธ ะฝะต ัะฒะปััััั ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฐััะธะฑััะฐะผะธ. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะต ัะพัะผะฐัั ะฒะตัะตัะธะฝะพะบ, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะฐะบัะตะฝั ะดะตะปะฐะตััั ะฝะฐ ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปะตะฝะธัั , ะฐ ะฝะต ะฝะฐ ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะธ.
ะงะฐััะพ ะฑัะฒะฐัั ัะปััะฐะธ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะบะปะธะตะฝัั ะฟะพะปัะทััััั ััะปัะณะฐะผะธ ะบะตะนัะตัะธะฝะณะฐ ะธะปะธ ะธะผะตัั ัะฒะพะน ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะตััะพัะฐะฝ ะธ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝั ะฟัะธะฒะตะทัะธ ะตะดั ั ัะพะฑะพะน. ะ ะฝะตะบะพัะพััั ัะปััะฐัั ะณะพััะธ ั ะพััั ะฟัะธะฒะตะทัะธ ะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะพะฒะฐัะฐ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะณะพัะพะฒะธัั ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ.
ะ ัะตะผ ัะปะพะถะฝะพััั ะฐัะตะฝะดั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฑะตะท ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธั?
ะขะฐะบะฐั ััะปัะณะฐ ะธะผะตะตั ัะฒะพะธ ัะปะพะถะฝะพััะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะบะปะธะตะฝั ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ัะตัะบะพ ะพัะพะทะฝะฐะฒะฐัั. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั:
ะพััะฐัััั ะพัะบััััะผ (ะฝะตัะตััะฝะฝัะผ) ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะผะตะฝั;
ะฝะฐ ะฟะปะตัะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐ ะปะพะถะธััั ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฝะฐะณััะทะบะฐ: ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพ ะฟัะธะฒะตะทัะธ ะฟะพััะดั, ัะบะฐัะตััั, ัะปะตะผะตะฝัั ะดะตะบะพัะฐ, ะฟัะพะดัะบัั ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธั, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะพะฑะดัะผะฐัั ะบัะฐัะธะฒัั ัะตัะฒะธัะพะฒะบั ััะพะปะพะฒ;
ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััั ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฐัะตะฝะดั ััะพัะพะฝะฝะตะณะพ ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐััะตะณะพ ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะปะฐ;
ะปะธัะฝะฐั ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะทะฐ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะธ ัะฒะตะถะตััั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ะฟะตัะตะด ะณะพัััะผะธ.
ะะพะฝะตัะฝัะน ัะตะทัะปััะฐั โ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะต ะทะฐััะฐัั, ะฒัะตะผั ะธ ะพััััััะฒะธะต ัะธะป. ะะพั ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฒะทะฒะตัะธัั ะฒัะต ยซะทะฐยป ะธ ยซะฟัะพัะธะฒยป.
ะะฐะบ ะฐัะตะฝะดะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะด ะฑะตะท ะฑะฐะฝะบะตัะฐ ะธ ััััะตัะฐ
ะัะปะธ ั ะฒะฐั ะตััั ัะฐะบะพะต ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธะต, ัะพ ะทะฐัะฒะบั ัะปะตะดัะตั ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐัั ะทะฐัะฐะฝะตะต: ะฐะถะธะพัะฐะถ ะพัะตะฝั ะฑะพะปััะพะน. ะะฐะถะดะฐั ัะฐะบะฐั ะทะฐัะฒะบะฐ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตััั ะฒ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต. ะงัะพะฑั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะทะพะปะพััั ัะตัะตะดะธะฝั, ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะพั, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะพ, ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะบะปะธะตะฝัั ะฟัะธะฝะตััะธ ัะฒะพะธ ะฝะฐะฟะธัะบะธ ะธ ัะฐััั ะตะดั. ะญัะพ ัะฐะผะพะต ะปัััะตะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ััะปะพะฒะธัั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฑัะดะถะตัะฐ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ั ะพัะตััั ะฝะตะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะตะผัั ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปะตะฝะธะน, ะฝะพ ะฝะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฑะพะปััะธั ััะฐั.
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะตัะต ะฐัะตะฝะดั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต, ะผั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ะพัะปะธัะฝัะต ััะปะพะฒะธั ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธั! ะั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ัะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะฝัะต ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดั ะดะปั ะฐัะตะฝะดั, ะฟะพะดั ะพะดััะธะต ะดะปั ะปัะฑัั ัะพัะถะตััะฒ ะธ ัะพะฑััะธะน.
ัะฝััั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะด ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ัะฐะผัั ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะฒ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฐัะตะฝะดะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะดะปั ัะฒะฐะดัะฑั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต โ ััะพ ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ัะฐะผัะน ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ะดะตะฝั ะฒ ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะดะต, ะฝะฐัะปะฐะถะดะฐััั ะถะธะฒะพะฟะธัะฝัะผะธ ะฒะธะดะฐะผะธ ััะพะปะธัั.ะกะฝััั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะด ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต โ ััะพ ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะดะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ั ะพัะตั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะตะผัะน ะฒะตัะตั ั ะฑะปะธะทะบะธะผะธ, ะดััะทััะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะบะพะปะปะตะณะฐะผะธ. ะะฐัะธ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดั ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฒัะตะผ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะผ ะดะปั ะบะพะผัะพััะฝะพะณะพ ะฒัะตะผัะฟัะตะฟัะพะฒะพะถะดะตะฝะธั: ะฟัะพััะพัะฝัะต ะฟะฐะปัะฑั, ัััะฝัะต ะทะฐะปั, ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะต ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะต ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ััะตะฝะฐัะธั.ะกะฒะฐะดัะฑะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะต โ ััะพ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะบัะฐัะธะฒะพ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฝะตะพะฑััะฝะพ. ะั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒะฐัั ัะตัะตะผะพะฝะธั, ะฑะฐะฝะบะตั ะธ ัะฐะทะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผั, ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒ ะฒะฐะผ ะธ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะณะพัััะผ ะฝะตะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะตะผัะต ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปะตะฝะธั. ะะฐ ะฑะพััั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะฝะฐัะปะฐะถะดะฐัััั ะบัะฐัะธะฒัะผะธ ะฒะธะดะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐ ะะพัะบะฒั-ัะตะบั, ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ัะดะพะฑััะฒะฐะผะธ ะธ ัััะฝะพะน ะฐัะผะพััะตัะพะน.ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะฟะปะฐะฝะธััะตัะต ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพะต ัะพะฑััะธะต ะธะปะธ ั ะพัะธัะต ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะฒะตัะตั ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะดะต, ะฐัะตะฝะดะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต โ ััะพ ะปัััะธะน ะฒัะฑะพั! ะั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธััะตะผ, ััะพ ะฒะฐัะต ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะต ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะบะพะผัะพััะฝัะผ, ะฝะพ ะธ ัะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะผ.
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะตัะต ะฐัะตะฝะดั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต, ะผั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ะพัะปะธัะฝัะต ััะปะพะฒะธั ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธั! ะั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ัะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะฝัะต ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดั ะดะปั ะฐัะตะฝะดั, ะฟะพะดั ะพะดััะธะต ะดะปั ะปัะฑัั ัะพัะถะตััะฒ ะธ ัะพะฑััะธะน.
ัะฒะฐะดัะฑะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะต
ะะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ัะฐะผัั ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะฒ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฐัะตะฝะดะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะดะปั ัะฒะฐะดัะฑั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต โ ััะพ ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ัะฐะผัะน ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ะดะตะฝั ะฒ ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะดะต, ะฝะฐัะปะฐะถะดะฐััั ะถะธะฒะพะฟะธัะฝัะผะธ ะฒะธะดะฐะผะธ ััะพะปะธัั.ะกะฝััั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะด ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต โ ััะพ ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะดะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ั ะพัะตั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะตะผัะน ะฒะตัะตั ั ะฑะปะธะทะบะธะผะธ, ะดััะทััะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะบะพะปะปะตะณะฐะผะธ. ะะฐัะธ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดั ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฒัะตะผ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะผ ะดะปั ะบะพะผัะพััะฝะพะณะพ ะฒัะตะผัะฟัะตะฟัะพะฒะพะถะดะตะฝะธั: ะฟัะพััะพัะฝัะต ะฟะฐะปัะฑั, ัััะฝัะต ะทะฐะปั, ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะต ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะต ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ััะตะฝะฐัะธั.ะกะฒะฐะดัะฑะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะต โ ััะพ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะบัะฐัะธะฒะพ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฝะตะพะฑััะฝะพ. ะั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒะฐัั ัะตัะตะผะพะฝะธั, ะฑะฐะฝะบะตั ะธ ัะฐะทะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผั, ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒ ะฒะฐะผ ะธ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะณะพัััะผ ะฝะตะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะตะผัะต ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปะตะฝะธั. ะะฐ ะฑะพััั ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะฝะฐัะปะฐะถะดะฐัััั ะบัะฐัะธะฒัะผะธ ะฒะธะดะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐ ะะพัะบะฒั-ัะตะบั, ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ัะดะพะฑััะฒะฐะผะธ ะธ ัััะฝะพะน ะฐัะผะพััะตัะพะน.ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะฟะปะฐะฝะธััะตัะต ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพะต ัะพะฑััะธะต ะธะปะธ ั ะพัะธัะต ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะฒะตัะตั ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะดะต, ะฐัะตะฝะดะฐ ัะตะฟะปะพั ะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต โ ััะพ ะปัััะธะน ะฒัะฑะพั! ะั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธััะตะผ, ััะพ ะฒะฐัะต ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะต ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะบะพะผัะพััะฝัะผ, ะฝะพ ะธ ัะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะผ.
โYou get one split secondโ: The story behind a viral bird photo
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By his own admission, James Crombie knew โvery, very littleโ about starlings before Covid-19 struck. An award-winning sports photographer by trade, his only previous encounter with the short-tailed birds occurred when one fell into his fireplace after attempting to nest in the chimney of his home in the Irish Midlands.
โI always had too much going on with sport to think about wildlife,โ said Crombie, who has covered three Olympic Games and usually shoots rugby and the Irish game of hurling, in a Zoom interview.
With the pandemic bringing major events to a halt, however, the photographer found himself at a loose end. So, when a recently bereaved friend proposed visiting a nearby lake to see flocks of starlings in flight (known as murmurations), Crombie brought along his camera โ one that was conveniently well-suited to the job.
โYou get one split second,โ he said of the similarities between sport and nature photography. โTheyโre both shot at relatively high speeds and theyโre both shot with equipment that can handle that.โ
On that first evening, in late 2020, they saw around 100 starlings take to the sky before roosting at dusk. The pair returned to the lake โ Lough Ennell in Irelandโs County Westmeath โ over successive nights, choosing different vantage points from which to view the birds. The routine became a form of therapy for his grieving friend and a source of fascination for Crombie.
โIt started to become a bit of an obsession,โ recalled the photographer, who recently published a book of his starling images. โAnd every night that we went down, we learned a little bit more. We realized where we had to be and where (the starlings) were going to be. It just started to snowball from there.โ
โIโve got something special hereโ
Scientists do not know exactly why starlings form murmurations, though they are thought to offer collective protection against predators, such as falcons. The phenomenon can last from just a few seconds to 45 minutes, sometimes involving tens of thousands of individual birds. In Ireland, starlingsโ numbers are boosted during winter, as migrating flocks arrive from breeding grounds around Western Europe and Scandinavia.
Crombie often saw the birds form patterns and abstract shapes, their varying densities appearing like the subtle gradations of paint strokes. The photographer became convinced that, with enough patience, he could capture a recognizable shape.
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ะะพะฟัะพะฑัะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐัััั ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัั ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั! ะ ะตะณะธัััะธััะนัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธ ะฑะพะฝัั ะดะพ 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั ั ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดะพะผ: LuckyJetTeam.
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ะะฑ ะธะณัะต
Lucky Jet โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะตะต ะฟัะธะบะปััะตะฝะธะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ัะตัะฐััะธะผ! ะญัะฐ ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัะฐ ะฑัะพัะฐะตั ะฒัะทะพะฒ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะธะฝััะธะฝะบัะฐะผ ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััะธ ะฑััััะพ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะธะณัั โ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะฐั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะบะฐ, ะณะดะต ะธะณัะพะบะธ ััะฐะฒัั ะฝะฐ ัะพัั ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ, ะฝะพ ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะฝะต ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะถะดะฐัั ะดะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ, ะฐ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะฒัะฒะตััะธ ัะฒะพะน ะฒัะธะณััั, ะฟัะตะถะดะต ัะตะผ ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะถ ะฒะทะปะตัะธั ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฒััะพะบะพ ะธ ัะปััะธััั ะบัะฐั .
ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝั, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะฐ! ะะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต: ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฐะทะฐััะฝะพะผ ะฟััะตัะตััะฒะธะธ ะฒะฐะถะตะฝ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั, ะฒะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ัะตัะธั, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะตะปะธะบ ะฑัะดะตั ะฒะฐั ะฒัะธะณััั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะบะพัะพััั ะธ ัะดะฐัั! ะัะพัััะต ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ, ะฑัััััะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ โ ะฒะพั ะฟะพัะตะผั ะธะณัะพะบะธ ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั Lucky Jet.
ะะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะ Lucky Jet ะฒะฐั ะถะดัั ัะตะดััะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ัะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฒะฐั ะฑะฐะปะฐะฝั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะธัั ัะดะพะฒะพะปัััะฒะธะต ะพั ะธะณัั! ะั ัะตะฝะธะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟััะบะฐะตะผ ะฝะพะฒัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฒะฐั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะตัะต ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะตะต.
ะะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั
ะะพะฝัั 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะด LuckyJetTeam ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ััะตัะฐ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะต ะดะตะฟะพะทะธัะฐ ะฒ 5 ัะฐะท! ะญัะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัั ั ัะพะปะธะดะฝัะผ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะพะผ.
ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ ะธ ััะธัะฟะธะฝั
ะงะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒั ะธะณัะฐะตัะต, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพะดะฐัะบะพะฒ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัะต! ะฃัะฐััะฒัะนัะต ะฒ ัะตะณัะปััะฝัั ะฟัะพะผะพ-ะฐะบัะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะฐะนัะต ััะธัะฟะธะฝั, ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดั ะทะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั.
ะััะฑัะบ ะดะพ 10%
ะัะพะธะณัะฐะปะธ? ะะต ะฑะตะดะฐ! ะ Lucky Jet ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฒะตัะฝััั ัะฐััั ะฟะพัะตััะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะธััะตะผะต ะบััะฑัะบะฐ. ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒะฐะผ ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐัะธัะปััััั ะดะพ 10% ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะพั ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะฐะฒะพะบ.
ะกะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ! ะั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปัะตะผ ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฝะต ัะฟัััะธัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ัะฐะผัะผะธ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพะผะพ. ะะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒะพััะธ ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฑััั ะฒ ะฒัะธะณัััะต!
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะฐะนัะต ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet!
ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะะพัะพะฒั ะธัะฟััะฐัั ัะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒัะธะณัะฐัั ะฟะพ-ะบััะฟะฝะพะผั? ะกะปะตะดัะนัะต ััะธะผ ะฟัะพัััะผ ัะฐะณะฐะผ:
ะะฐัะตะณะธัััะธััะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ัะฐะนัะต 1win. ะัะพัะตัั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฟะฐัั ะผะธะฝัั.
ะะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ััะตั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ: ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะฐััะพะน, ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ะบะพัะตะปัะบะฐะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะพะน.
ะัะบัะพะนัะต Lucky Jet ะฒ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะต ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธะณะพัะพะฒััะตัั ะบ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะพะผั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะผั ะฟัะพัะตััั.
ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบั ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ัะพััะพะผ ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ. ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะพะฝ ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐะตััั โ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฐั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะธะณััั.
ะัะฒะตะดะธัะต ะฒัะธะณััั ะดะพ ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ Lucky Jet ะฒะทะปะตัะธั! ะะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะถะฐะดะฝะธัะฐัั ะธ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั, ะธะฝะฐัะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะณะพัะธั.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ัััะฐัะตะณะธะธ, ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธััะนัะต ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะธััะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั!
โYou get one split secondโ: The story behind a viral bird photo
kraken ัะพั
By his own admission, James Crombie knew โvery, very littleโ about starlings before Covid-19 struck. An award-winning sports photographer by trade, his only previous encounter with the short-tailed birds occurred when one fell into his fireplace after attempting to nest in the chimney of his home in the Irish Midlands.
โI always had too much going on with sport to think about wildlife,โ said Crombie, who has covered three Olympic Games and usually shoots rugby and the Irish game of hurling, in a Zoom interview.
With the pandemic bringing major events to a halt, however, the photographer found himself at a loose end. So, when a recently bereaved friend proposed visiting a nearby lake to see flocks of starlings in flight (known as murmurations), Crombie brought along his camera โ one that was conveniently well-suited to the job.
โYou get one split second,โ he said of the similarities between sport and nature photography. โTheyโre both shot at relatively high speeds and theyโre both shot with equipment that can handle that.โ
On that first evening, in late 2020, they saw around 100 starlings take to the sky before roosting at dusk. The pair returned to the lake โ Lough Ennell in Irelandโs County Westmeath โ over successive nights, choosing different vantage points from which to view the birds. The routine became a form of therapy for his grieving friend and a source of fascination for Crombie.
โIt started to become a bit of an obsession,โ recalled the photographer, who recently published a book of his starling images. โAnd every night that we went down, we learned a little bit more. We realized where we had to be and where (the starlings) were going to be. It just started to snowball from there.โ
โIโve got something special hereโ
Scientists do not know exactly why starlings form murmurations, though they are thought to offer collective protection against predators, such as falcons. The phenomenon can last from just a few seconds to 45 minutes, sometimes involving tens of thousands of individual birds. In Ireland, starlingsโ numbers are boosted during winter, as migrating flocks arrive from breeding grounds around Western Europe and Scandinavia.
Crombie often saw the birds form patterns and abstract shapes, their varying densities appearing like the subtle gradations of paint strokes. The photographer became convinced that, with enough patience, he could capture a recognizable shape.
Lucky Jet โ ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ะฑะพะปััะธะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ!
ะะพะฟัะพะฑัะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐัััั ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัั ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั! ะ ะตะณะธัััะธััะนัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธ ะฑะพะฝัั ะดะพ 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั ั ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดะพะผ: LuckyJetTeam.
lucky jet ะธะณัะฐัั
ะะฑ ะธะณัะต
Lucky Jet โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะตะต ะฟัะธะบะปััะตะฝะธะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ัะตัะฐััะธะผ! ะญัะฐ ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัะฐ ะฑัะพัะฐะตั ะฒัะทะพะฒ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะธะฝััะธะฝะบัะฐะผ ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััะธ ะฑััััะพ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะธะณัั โ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะฐั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะบะฐ, ะณะดะต ะธะณัะพะบะธ ััะฐะฒัั ะฝะฐ ัะพัั ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ, ะฝะพ ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะฝะต ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะถะดะฐัั ะดะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ, ะฐ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะฒัะฒะตััะธ ัะฒะพะน ะฒัะธะณััั, ะฟัะตะถะดะต ัะตะผ ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะถ ะฒะทะปะตัะธั ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฒััะพะบะพ ะธ ัะปััะธััั ะบัะฐั .
ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝั, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะฐ! ะะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต: ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฐะทะฐััะฝะพะผ ะฟััะตัะตััะฒะธะธ ะฒะฐะถะตะฝ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั, ะฒะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ัะตัะธั, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะตะปะธะบ ะฑัะดะตั ะฒะฐั ะฒัะธะณััั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะบะพัะพััั ะธ ัะดะฐัั! ะัะพัััะต ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ, ะฑัััััะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ โ ะฒะพั ะฟะพัะตะผั ะธะณัะพะบะธ ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั Lucky Jet.
ะะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะ Lucky Jet ะฒะฐั ะถะดัั ัะตะดััะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ัะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฒะฐั ะฑะฐะปะฐะฝั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะธัั ัะดะพะฒะพะปัััะฒะธะต ะพั ะธะณัั! ะั ัะตะฝะธะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟััะบะฐะตะผ ะฝะพะฒัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฒะฐั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะตัะต ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะตะต.
ะะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั
ะะพะฝัั 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะด LuckyJetTeam ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ััะตัะฐ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะต ะดะตะฟะพะทะธัะฐ ะฒ 5 ัะฐะท! ะญัะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัั ั ัะพะปะธะดะฝัะผ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะพะผ.
ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ ะธ ััะธัะฟะธะฝั
ะงะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒั ะธะณัะฐะตัะต, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพะดะฐัะบะพะฒ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัะต! ะฃัะฐััะฒัะนัะต ะฒ ัะตะณัะปััะฝัั ะฟัะพะผะพ-ะฐะบัะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะฐะนัะต ััะธัะฟะธะฝั, ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดั ะทะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั.
ะััะฑัะบ ะดะพ 10%
ะัะพะธะณัะฐะปะธ? ะะต ะฑะตะดะฐ! ะ Lucky Jet ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฒะตัะฝััั ัะฐััั ะฟะพัะตััะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะธััะตะผะต ะบััะฑัะบะฐ. ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒะฐะผ ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐัะธัะปััััั ะดะพ 10% ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะพั ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะฐะฒะพะบ.
ะกะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ! ะั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปัะตะผ ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฝะต ัะฟัััะธัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ัะฐะผัะผะธ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพะผะพ. ะะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒะพััะธ ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฑััั ะฒ ะฒัะธะณัััะต!
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะฐะนัะต ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet!
ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะะพัะพะฒั ะธัะฟััะฐัั ัะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒัะธะณัะฐัั ะฟะพ-ะบััะฟะฝะพะผั? ะกะปะตะดัะนัะต ััะธะผ ะฟัะพัััะผ ัะฐะณะฐะผ:
ะะฐัะตะณะธัััะธััะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ัะฐะนัะต 1win. ะัะพัะตัั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฟะฐัั ะผะธะฝัั.
ะะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ััะตั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ: ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะฐััะพะน, ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ะบะพัะตะปัะบะฐะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะพะน.
ะัะบัะพะนัะต Lucky Jet ะฒ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะต ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธะณะพัะพะฒััะตัั ะบ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะพะผั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะผั ะฟัะพัะตััั.
ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบั ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ัะพััะพะผ ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ. ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะพะฝ ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐะตััั โ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฐั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะธะณััั.
ะัะฒะตะดะธัะต ะฒัะธะณััั ะดะพ ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ Lucky Jet ะฒะทะปะตัะธั! ะะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะถะฐะดะฝะธัะฐัั ะธ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั, ะธะฝะฐัะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะณะพัะธั.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ัััะฐัะตะณะธะธ, ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธััะนัะต ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะธััะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั!
โYou get one split secondโ: The story behind a viral bird photo
kra28 cc
By his own admission, James Crombie knew โvery, very littleโ about starlings before Covid-19 struck. An award-winning sports photographer by trade, his only previous encounter with the short-tailed birds occurred when one fell into his fireplace after attempting to nest in the chimney of his home in the Irish Midlands.
โI always had too much going on with sport to think about wildlife,โ said Crombie, who has covered three Olympic Games and usually shoots rugby and the Irish game of hurling, in a Zoom interview.
With the pandemic bringing major events to a halt, however, the photographer found himself at a loose end. So, when a recently bereaved friend proposed visiting a nearby lake to see flocks of starlings in flight (known as murmurations), Crombie brought along his camera โ one that was conveniently well-suited to the job.
โYou get one split second,โ he said of the similarities between sport and nature photography. โTheyโre both shot at relatively high speeds and theyโre both shot with equipment that can handle that.โ
On that first evening, in late 2020, they saw around 100 starlings take to the sky before roosting at dusk. The pair returned to the lake โ Lough Ennell in Irelandโs County Westmeath โ over successive nights, choosing different vantage points from which to view the birds. The routine became a form of therapy for his grieving friend and a source of fascination for Crombie.
โIt started to become a bit of an obsession,โ recalled the photographer, who recently published a book of his starling images. โAnd every night that we went down, we learned a little bit more. We realized where we had to be and where (the starlings) were going to be. It just started to snowball from there.โ
โIโve got something special hereโ
Scientists do not know exactly why starlings form murmurations, though they are thought to offer collective protection against predators, such as falcons. The phenomenon can last from just a few seconds to 45 minutes, sometimes involving tens of thousands of individual birds. In Ireland, starlingsโ numbers are boosted during winter, as migrating flocks arrive from breeding grounds around Western Europe and Scandinavia.
Crombie often saw the birds form patterns and abstract shapes, their varying densities appearing like the subtle gradations of paint strokes. The photographer became convinced that, with enough patience, he could capture a recognizable shape.
Lucky Jet โ ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ะฑะพะปััะธะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ!
ะะพะฟัะพะฑัะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐัััั ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัั ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั! ะ ะตะณะธัััะธััะนัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธ ะฑะพะฝัั ะดะพ 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั ั ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดะพะผ: LuckyJetTeam.
lucky jet ะธะณัะฐัั
ะะฑ ะธะณัะต
Lucky Jet โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะตะต ะฟัะธะบะปััะตะฝะธะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ัะตัะฐััะธะผ! ะญัะฐ ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัะฐ ะฑัะพัะฐะตั ะฒัะทะพะฒ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะธะฝััะธะฝะบัะฐะผ ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััะธ ะฑััััะพ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะธะณัั โ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะฐั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะบะฐ, ะณะดะต ะธะณัะพะบะธ ััะฐะฒัั ะฝะฐ ัะพัั ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ, ะฝะพ ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะฝะต ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะถะดะฐัั ะดะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ, ะฐ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะฒัะฒะตััะธ ัะฒะพะน ะฒัะธะณััั, ะฟัะตะถะดะต ัะตะผ ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะถ ะฒะทะปะตัะธั ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฒััะพะบะพ ะธ ัะปััะธััั ะบัะฐั .
ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝั, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะฐ! ะะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต: ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฐะทะฐััะฝะพะผ ะฟััะตัะตััะฒะธะธ ะฒะฐะถะตะฝ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั, ะฒะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ัะตัะธั, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะตะปะธะบ ะฑัะดะตั ะฒะฐั ะฒัะธะณััั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะบะพัะพััั ะธ ัะดะฐัั! ะัะพัััะต ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ, ะฑัััััะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ โ ะฒะพั ะฟะพัะตะผั ะธะณัะพะบะธ ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั Lucky Jet.
ะะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะ Lucky Jet ะฒะฐั ะถะดัั ัะตะดััะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ัะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฒะฐั ะฑะฐะปะฐะฝั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะธัั ัะดะพะฒะพะปัััะฒะธะต ะพั ะธะณัั! ะั ัะตะฝะธะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟััะบะฐะตะผ ะฝะพะฒัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฒะฐั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะตัะต ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะตะต.
ะะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั
ะะพะฝัั 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะด LuckyJetTeam ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ััะตัะฐ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะต ะดะตะฟะพะทะธัะฐ ะฒ 5 ัะฐะท! ะญัะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัั ั ัะพะปะธะดะฝัะผ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะพะผ.
ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ ะธ ััะธัะฟะธะฝั
ะงะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒั ะธะณัะฐะตัะต, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพะดะฐัะบะพะฒ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัะต! ะฃัะฐััะฒัะนัะต ะฒ ัะตะณัะปััะฝัั ะฟัะพะผะพ-ะฐะบัะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะฐะนัะต ััะธัะฟะธะฝั, ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดั ะทะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั.
ะััะฑัะบ ะดะพ 10%
ะัะพะธะณัะฐะปะธ? ะะต ะฑะตะดะฐ! ะ Lucky Jet ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฒะตัะฝััั ัะฐััั ะฟะพัะตััะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะธััะตะผะต ะบััะฑัะบะฐ. ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒะฐะผ ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐัะธัะปััััั ะดะพ 10% ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะพั ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะฐะฒะพะบ.
ะกะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ! ะั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปัะตะผ ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฝะต ัะฟัััะธัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ัะฐะผัะผะธ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพะผะพ. ะะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒะพััะธ ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฑััั ะฒ ะฒัะธะณัััะต!
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะฐะนัะต ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet!
ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะะพัะพะฒั ะธัะฟััะฐัั ัะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒัะธะณัะฐัั ะฟะพ-ะบััะฟะฝะพะผั? ะกะปะตะดัะนัะต ััะธะผ ะฟัะพัััะผ ัะฐะณะฐะผ:
ะะฐัะตะณะธัััะธััะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ัะฐะนัะต 1win. ะัะพัะตัั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฟะฐัั ะผะธะฝัั.
ะะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ััะตั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ: ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะฐััะพะน, ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ะบะพัะตะปัะบะฐะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะพะน.
ะัะบัะพะนัะต Lucky Jet ะฒ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะต ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธะณะพัะพะฒััะตัั ะบ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะพะผั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะผั ะฟัะพัะตััั.
ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบั ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ัะพััะพะผ ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ. ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะพะฝ ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐะตััั โ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฐั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะธะณััั.
ะัะฒะตะดะธัะต ะฒัะธะณััั ะดะพ ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ Lucky Jet ะฒะทะปะตัะธั! ะะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะถะฐะดะฝะธัะฐัั ะธ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั, ะธะฝะฐัะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะณะพัะธั.
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โYou get one split secondโ: The story behind a viral bird photo
kraken ะทะตัะบะฐะปะพ
By his own admission, James Crombie knew โvery, very littleโ about starlings before Covid-19 struck. An award-winning sports photographer by trade, his only previous encounter with the short-tailed birds occurred when one fell into his fireplace after attempting to nest in the chimney of his home in the Irish Midlands.
โI always had too much going on with sport to think about wildlife,โ said Crombie, who has covered three Olympic Games and usually shoots rugby and the Irish game of hurling, in a Zoom interview.
With the pandemic bringing major events to a halt, however, the photographer found himself at a loose end. So, when a recently bereaved friend proposed visiting a nearby lake to see flocks of starlings in flight (known as murmurations), Crombie brought along his camera โ one that was conveniently well-suited to the job.
โYou get one split second,โ he said of the similarities between sport and nature photography. โTheyโre both shot at relatively high speeds and theyโre both shot with equipment that can handle that.โ
On that first evening, in late 2020, they saw around 100 starlings take to the sky before roosting at dusk. The pair returned to the lake โ Lough Ennell in Irelandโs County Westmeath โ over successive nights, choosing different vantage points from which to view the birds. The routine became a form of therapy for his grieving friend and a source of fascination for Crombie.
โIt started to become a bit of an obsession,โ recalled the photographer, who recently published a book of his starling images. โAnd every night that we went down, we learned a little bit more. We realized where we had to be and where (the starlings) were going to be. It just started to snowball from there.โ
โIโve got something special hereโ
Scientists do not know exactly why starlings form murmurations, though they are thought to offer collective protection against predators, such as falcons. The phenomenon can last from just a few seconds to 45 minutes, sometimes involving tens of thousands of individual birds. In Ireland, starlingsโ numbers are boosted during winter, as migrating flocks arrive from breeding grounds around Western Europe and Scandinavia.
Crombie often saw the birds form patterns and abstract shapes, their varying densities appearing like the subtle gradations of paint strokes. The photographer became convinced that, with enough patience, he could capture a recognizable shape.
โYou get one split secondโ: The story behind a viral bird photo
ะะปะพัะฐะดะบะฐ ะบัะฐะบะตะฝ
By his own admission, James Crombie knew โvery, very littleโ about starlings before Covid-19 struck. An award-winning sports photographer by trade, his only previous encounter with the short-tailed birds occurred when one fell into his fireplace after attempting to nest in the chimney of his home in the Irish Midlands.
โI always had too much going on with sport to think about wildlife,โ said Crombie, who has covered three Olympic Games and usually shoots rugby and the Irish game of hurling, in a Zoom interview.
With the pandemic bringing major events to a halt, however, the photographer found himself at a loose end. So, when a recently bereaved friend proposed visiting a nearby lake to see flocks of starlings in flight (known as murmurations), Crombie brought along his camera โ one that was conveniently well-suited to the job.
โYou get one split second,โ he said of the similarities between sport and nature photography. โTheyโre both shot at relatively high speeds and theyโre both shot with equipment that can handle that.โ
On that first evening, in late 2020, they saw around 100 starlings take to the sky before roosting at dusk. The pair returned to the lake โ Lough Ennell in Irelandโs County Westmeath โ over successive nights, choosing different vantage points from which to view the birds. The routine became a form of therapy for his grieving friend and a source of fascination for Crombie.
โIt started to become a bit of an obsession,โ recalled the photographer, who recently published a book of his starling images. โAnd every night that we went down, we learned a little bit more. We realized where we had to be and where (the starlings) were going to be. It just started to snowball from there.โ
โIโve got something special hereโ
Scientists do not know exactly why starlings form murmurations, though they are thought to offer collective protection against predators, such as falcons. The phenomenon can last from just a few seconds to 45 minutes, sometimes involving tens of thousands of individual birds. In Ireland, starlingsโ numbers are boosted during winter, as migrating flocks arrive from breeding grounds around Western Europe and Scandinavia.
Crombie often saw the birds form patterns and abstract shapes, their varying densities appearing like the subtle gradations of paint strokes. The photographer became convinced that, with enough patience, he could capture a recognizable shape.
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UTLH: A Detailed Overview of the Collateral Token and Its BenefitsIntroductionThe UTLH token is a collateralized crypto asset built on the Binance Smart Chain (BSC) with a clearly defined purpose: to provide club members with secure and efficient opportunities to grow their capital while serving as the foundation for the Universal Financial Assistance (UFA) program. The limited issuance of 957,315 coins creates scarcity, forming a solid basis for the token’s value appreciation.Unlike many other cryptocurrency projects, UTLH has real-world utility in financing needs and supporting entrepreneurs within the closed international UTL club. In this article, we will explore the token’s features, technical details, and explain why UTLH has already earned the trust of over 10,930 holders and continues to gain popularity rapidly.1. Core Idea and Purpose1.1 The Concept of “Universal Financial Assistance” (UFA)The UFA program is a unique model of mutual support among club members. Using the UTLH token, participants can:Access financial resources for launching or developing businesses, or for other purposes.Use the token as collateral to gain access to preferential financing.Provide a reliable foundation for a reserve fund, from which assistance is disbursed and risks are covered.1.2 The Role of UTLH in UFACollateral Asset: All program participants contribute UTLH as collateral, ensuring transparency and financial discipline.Reserve Formation: A portion of the incoming tokens is allocated to reserves, ensuring the system’s stability.Price Support: As demand for collateral tokens grows, the price of UTLH tends to increase, benefiting all holders.2. Technical SpecificationsBlockchain: Binance Smart Chain (BSC)Standard: BEP-20Contract Address: 0x815d5d6a1ee9cc25349769fd197dc739733b1485Staking Smart Contract Address: 0x41D695Eb63ce10618F6019E0032c2983Ae35D766Decimal Places: 18Total Supply: 957,315 tokensOpen Source: The contract is available for audit, enhancing user trust.These parameters allow the token to be integrated into numerous cryptocurrency wallets and decentralized platforms. Participants can easily store, transfer, and use UTLH without encountering significant technical barriers.3. Issuance and ScarcityThe limited issuance of 957,315 UTLH is a key factor in ensuring potential price growth. In the traditional cryptocurrency market, assets with low issuance volumes typically exhibit higher volatility and, given sufficient demand, significant appreciation.3.1 Burn MechanismUTLH also utilizes burn mechanisms, which periodically reduce the number of tokens in circulation. This further supports scarcity and provides additional price support.3.2 Token DistributionThe transparent and decentralized system ensures that almost the entire supply is in market circulation, with no overwhelming control by founders or the team. This protects participants from manipulation and ensures fairer distribution.4. Staking SystemStaking UTLH is a simple way to grow your capital:Yield: 24% annually (2% monthly).Minimum Entry Threshold: Starting from 1 UTLH, making staking accessible to a wide range of investors.Terms and Conditions: Accumulated interest is paid monthly. On the 12th month, participants receive the principal deposit along with additional interest.Staking contributes to:Increased liquidity and system stability.Strengthened trust among holders, as they receive regular rewards.5. Role and Benefits for the Community5.1 Strengthening Financial SupportEvery user holding UTLH becomes part of a large-scale mutual support program. This enables:Coverage of potential losses in force majeure situations.Investment in promising projects of club members.5.2 Growth of Project CapitalizationThe more investors and entrepreneurs participate, the higher the demand for the token and the stronger its value appreciation. With over 10,930 public holders, the project demonstrates growing interest.5.3 Expanding Use CasesThe UTLH token is not limited to staking or participation in the UFA program. Thanks to the Binance Smart Chain platform, it can be used for:Payments within partner networks.Settlements between club members.Participation in DAOs (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations) and other innovative projects.6. Investment Potential6.1 Growth PotentialGiven the current state of affairs, analysts predict UTLH could grow by 2 to 50 times within the next 6โ36 months. This is based on:Limited issuance.Consistent demand from the UFA program.Influx of new participants and projects.6.2 StabilityThanks to the collateral model and real-world utility, UTLH is not a purely speculative asset. Stability is ensured by collateral mechanisms that form a “floor” for the token’s value.7. Security and Transparency7.1 Smart Contract AuditThe UTLH smart contract code is open for review, reducing risks for holders as there are no hidden mechanisms or arbitrary functions in the code.7.2 Decentralized InfrastructureTransactions are processed through the BSC blockchain, ensuring high speed and low fees. All operations are transparent and can be tracked in real time.7.3 Community and FeedbackThe club’s open governance system allows participants to actively influence the project’s future. By participating in voting and discussions, every holder can contribute to the ecosystem’s further development.8. ConclusionUTLH is not just another token in the cryptocurrency market but a full-fledged financial tool with real benefits:Limited issuance (957,315 UTLH) creates a foundation for potential growth.Its role as collateral in the Universal Financial Assistance program makes the token highly sought after.Staking provides stable passive income and increases interest in the project.Transparency and security are ensured by the public smart contract and the use of Binance Smart Chain.Community support (over 10,930 holders) ensures high liquidity.In the rapidly evolving crypto industry and growing interest in financial innovations, UTLH stands out for its practicality, stability, and potential. If you are looking for a long-term asset with a collateral model focused on real value and transparency, UTLH deserves your attention.Join the UTLH community and become part of a progressive ecosystem where every participant has equal chances of success, and the token’s structure guarantees mutually beneficial cooperation and steady value appreciation. This is the main secret of UTLH: it creates a solid financial foundation and opens the path to long-term capital growth.
Airbus exploring double-level airplane seat design
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If youโve seen images of the infamous double-level airplane seat concept and thought โthatโs never going to happenโ โ maybe think again.
Aviation start-up Chaise Longue, the brains behind the controversial dual-level seat, announced today itโs โexploring some early stage conceptsโ with aviation giant Airbus.
This collaboration with an aircraft manufacturing heavyweight is a significant step in this seat designโs journey from college student project to potential in-air reality.
Designer and Chaise Longue CEO Alejandro Nunez Vicente tells CNN Travel heโs thankful Airbus sees โthe true potential of two-level seating.โ
An Airbus representative confirmed to CNN Travel that โChaise Longue is exploring some early stage concepts with Airbus on two-level seating solutions for Airbus commercial aircraft.โ
The representative added that โgiven the nature of this early phase level,โ Airbus preferred โnot to further comment at this stage.โ
The crux of Nunez Vicenteโs Chaise Longue seat design is the removal of the overhead cabin to allow two levels of seats in a single aircraft cabin.
The idea is that travelers would have the option of booking the top row or the bottom row โ and while the lower level might look less-than-appealing in photos, bottom passengers would be able to stretch out their legs and enjoy extra leg room. The top level is also designed to give โlarger recline anglesโ and โleg-stretching possibilityโ than your average economy airplane seat, says Nunez Vicente.
Nunez Vicente initially developed the design for economy cabins before last year premiering a business class/first class iteration.
CNN Travel tested out early prototypes of both concepts and concluded that while the lower level has definite claustrophobia potential, the increased leg room could cancel out the potential cabin fever for some passengers.
Mr. Jack Bet โ A Melhor Escolha para Apostas e Cassino em 2025
O Mr. Jack Bet e uma plataforma de apostas que vem conquistando cada vez mais popularidade entre os apostadores brasileiros. Seja voce um iniciante ou um jogador experiente, conhecer os detalhes sobre cadastro, bonus, metodos de pagamento e muito mais pode ser a chave para aproveitar ao maximo essa plataforma. Neste post, vamos explorar tudo o que voce precisa saber sobre o Mr. Jack Bet, desde como criar sua conta ate dicas para tirar proveito das principais funcionalidades, garantindo uma experiencia completa e segura.
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Cadastro no Mr. Jack Bet
O processo de cadastro no Mr. Jack Bet e simples e direto, permitindo que os usuarios criem suas contas de forma rapida e segura. Seguindo algumas etapas, voce estara pronto para aproveitar todos os recursos e funcionalidades oferecidos pela plataforma. Vamos detalhar o passo a passo e outras informacoes importantes para garantir que seu registro seja concluido sem problemas.
Passo a passo detalhado sobre como criar uma conta
Acesse o site oficial do Mr. Jack Bet. O primeiro passo para criar sua conta no Mr. Jack Bet e acessar o site oficial da plataforma. Voce pode fazer isso digitando “Mr. Jack Bet” no seu navegador ou clicando em um link de confianca. Uma vez no site, localize e clique no botao “Criar Conta”, que geralmente fica no canto superior direito da tela.
Preencha seus dados pessoais. Na proxima tela, voce sera solicitado a fornecer informacoes como CPF, nome completo, data de nascimento e e-mail. O Mr. Jack Bet preenche automaticamente alguns campos com base no seu CPF, tornando o processo mais rapido. Tenha atencao ao inserir um e-mail valido, pois ele sera utilizado para confirmar sua conta e recuperar o acesso, caso necessario.
Escolha um nome de usuario e senha. Em seguida, crie um nome de usuario e uma senha segura para acessar sua conta. O nome de usuario deve ter entre 5 e 15 caracteres, podendo incluir letras, numeros e sublinhados. A senha precisa ter entre 8 e 32 caracteres e deve combinar letras maiusculas, minusculas, numeros e um caractere especial (como @, #, ou &).
Confirme seu numero de celular. O Mr. Jack Bet tambem solicitara o seu numero de celular. Isso serve para garantir a seguranca da sua conta e pode ser usado para a autenticacao de duas etapas, caso voce opte por essa funcionalidade.
Aceite os termos e condicoes. Antes de concluir o cadastro, e necessario que voce leia e aceite os Termos e Condicoes da plataforma. Esse passo e importante para garantir que voce entenda as regras e politicas do site. Ao clicar em โConcordoโ, voce confirma que possui 18 anos ou mais e esta de acordo com as regras estabelecidas.
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ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบั ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ัะพััะพะผ ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ. ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะพะฝ ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐะตััั โ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฐั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะธะณััั.
ะัะฒะตะดะธัะต ะฒัะธะณััั ะดะพ ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ Lucky Jet ะฒะทะปะตัะธั! ะะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะถะฐะดะฝะธัะฐัั ะธ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั, ะธะฝะฐัะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะณะพัะธั.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ัััะฐัะตะณะธะธ, ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธััะนัะต ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะธััะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั!
Lucky Jet โ ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ะฑะพะปััะธะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ!
ะะพะฟัะพะฑัะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐัััั ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัั ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั! ะ ะตะณะธัััะธััะนัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธ ะฑะพะฝัั ะดะพ 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั ั ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดะพะผ: LuckyJetTeam.
lucky jet ะธะณัะฐ
ะะฑ ะธะณัะต
Lucky Jet โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะตะต ะฟัะธะบะปััะตะฝะธะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ัะตัะฐััะธะผ! ะญัะฐ ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัะฐ ะฑัะพัะฐะตั ะฒัะทะพะฒ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะธะฝััะธะฝะบัะฐะผ ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััะธ ะฑััััะพ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะธะณัั โ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะฐั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะบะฐ, ะณะดะต ะธะณัะพะบะธ ััะฐะฒัั ะฝะฐ ัะพัั ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ, ะฝะพ ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะฝะต ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะถะดะฐัั ะดะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ, ะฐ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะฒัะฒะตััะธ ัะฒะพะน ะฒัะธะณััั, ะฟัะตะถะดะต ัะตะผ ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะถ ะฒะทะปะตัะธั ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฒััะพะบะพ ะธ ัะปััะธััั ะบัะฐั .
ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝั, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะฐ! ะะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต: ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฐะทะฐััะฝะพะผ ะฟััะตัะตััะฒะธะธ ะฒะฐะถะตะฝ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั, ะฒะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ัะตัะธั, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะตะปะธะบ ะฑัะดะตั ะฒะฐั ะฒัะธะณััั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะบะพัะพััั ะธ ัะดะฐัั! ะัะพัััะต ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ, ะฑัััััะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ โ ะฒะพั ะฟะพัะตะผั ะธะณัะพะบะธ ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั Lucky Jet.
ะะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะ Lucky Jet ะฒะฐั ะถะดัั ัะตะดััะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ัะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฒะฐั ะฑะฐะปะฐะฝั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะธัั ัะดะพะฒะพะปัััะฒะธะต ะพั ะธะณัั! ะั ัะตะฝะธะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟััะบะฐะตะผ ะฝะพะฒัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฒะฐั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะตัะต ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะตะต.
ะะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั
ะะพะฝัั 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะด LuckyJetTeam ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ััะตัะฐ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะต ะดะตะฟะพะทะธัะฐ ะฒ 5 ัะฐะท! ะญัะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัั ั ัะพะปะธะดะฝัะผ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะพะผ.
ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ ะธ ััะธัะฟะธะฝั
ะงะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒั ะธะณัะฐะตัะต, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพะดะฐัะบะพะฒ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัะต! ะฃัะฐััะฒัะนัะต ะฒ ัะตะณัะปััะฝัั ะฟัะพะผะพ-ะฐะบัะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะฐะนัะต ััะธัะฟะธะฝั, ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดั ะทะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั.
ะััะฑัะบ ะดะพ 10%
ะัะพะธะณัะฐะปะธ? ะะต ะฑะตะดะฐ! ะ Lucky Jet ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฒะตัะฝััั ัะฐััั ะฟะพัะตััะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะธััะตะผะต ะบััะฑัะบะฐ. ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒะฐะผ ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐัะธัะปััััั ะดะพ 10% ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะพั ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะฐะฒะพะบ.
ะกะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ! ะั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปัะตะผ ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฝะต ัะฟัััะธัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ัะฐะผัะผะธ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพะผะพ. ะะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒะพััะธ ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฑััั ะฒ ะฒัะธะณัััะต!
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะฐะนัะต ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet!
ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะะพัะพะฒั ะธัะฟััะฐัั ัะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒัะธะณัะฐัั ะฟะพ-ะบััะฟะฝะพะผั? ะกะปะตะดัะนัะต ััะธะผ ะฟัะพัััะผ ัะฐะณะฐะผ:
ะะฐัะตะณะธัััะธััะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ัะฐะนัะต 1win. ะัะพัะตัั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฟะฐัั ะผะธะฝัั.
ะะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ััะตั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ: ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะฐััะพะน, ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ะบะพัะตะปัะบะฐะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะพะน.
ะัะบัะพะนัะต Lucky Jet ะฒ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะต ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธะณะพัะพะฒััะตัั ะบ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะพะผั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะผั ะฟัะพัะตััั.
ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบั ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ัะพััะพะผ ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ. ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะพะฝ ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐะตััั โ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฐั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะธะณััั.
ะัะฒะตะดะธัะต ะฒัะธะณััั ะดะพ ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ Lucky Jet ะฒะทะปะตัะธั! ะะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะถะฐะดะฝะธัะฐัั ะธ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั, ะธะฝะฐัะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะณะพัะธั.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ัััะฐัะตะณะธะธ, ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธััะนัะต ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะธััะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั!
Lucky Jet โ ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ะฑะพะปััะธะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ!
ะะพะฟัะพะฑัะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐัััั ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัั ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั! ะ ะตะณะธัััะธััะนัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธ ะฑะพะฝัั ะดะพ 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั ั ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดะพะผ: LuckyJetTeam.
ะปะฐะบะธ ะดะถะตั
ะะฑ ะธะณัะต
Lucky Jet โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะตะต ะฟัะธะบะปััะตะฝะธะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ัะตัะฐััะธะผ! ะญัะฐ ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัะฐ ะฑัะพัะฐะตั ะฒัะทะพะฒ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะธะฝััะธะฝะบัะฐะผ ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััะธ ะฑััััะพ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะธะณัั โ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะฐั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะบะฐ, ะณะดะต ะธะณัะพะบะธ ััะฐะฒัั ะฝะฐ ัะพัั ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ, ะฝะพ ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะฝะต ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะถะดะฐัั ะดะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ, ะฐ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะฒัะฒะตััะธ ัะฒะพะน ะฒัะธะณััั, ะฟัะตะถะดะต ัะตะผ ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะถ ะฒะทะปะตัะธั ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฒััะพะบะพ ะธ ัะปััะธััั ะบัะฐั .
ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝั, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะฐ! ะะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต: ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฐะทะฐััะฝะพะผ ะฟััะตัะตััะฒะธะธ ะฒะฐะถะตะฝ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั, ะฒะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ัะตัะธั, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะตะปะธะบ ะฑัะดะตั ะฒะฐั ะฒัะธะณััั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะบะพัะพััั ะธ ัะดะฐัั! ะัะพัััะต ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ, ะฑัััััะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ โ ะฒะพั ะฟะพัะตะผั ะธะณัะพะบะธ ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั Lucky Jet.
ะะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะ Lucky Jet ะฒะฐั ะถะดัั ัะตะดััะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ัะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฒะฐั ะฑะฐะปะฐะฝั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะธัั ัะดะพะฒะพะปัััะฒะธะต ะพั ะธะณัั! ะั ัะตะฝะธะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟััะบะฐะตะผ ะฝะพะฒัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฒะฐั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะตัะต ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะตะต.
ะะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั
ะะพะฝัั 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะด LuckyJetTeam ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ััะตัะฐ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะต ะดะตะฟะพะทะธัะฐ ะฒ 5 ัะฐะท! ะญัะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัั ั ัะพะปะธะดะฝัะผ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะพะผ.
ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ ะธ ััะธัะฟะธะฝั
ะงะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒั ะธะณัะฐะตัะต, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพะดะฐัะบะพะฒ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัะต! ะฃัะฐััะฒัะนัะต ะฒ ัะตะณัะปััะฝัั ะฟัะพะผะพ-ะฐะบัะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะฐะนัะต ััะธัะฟะธะฝั, ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดั ะทะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั.
ะััะฑัะบ ะดะพ 10%
ะัะพะธะณัะฐะปะธ? ะะต ะฑะตะดะฐ! ะ Lucky Jet ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฒะตัะฝััั ัะฐััั ะฟะพัะตััะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะธััะตะผะต ะบััะฑัะบะฐ. ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒะฐะผ ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐัะธัะปััััั ะดะพ 10% ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะพั ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะฐะฒะพะบ.
ะกะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ! ะั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปัะตะผ ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฝะต ัะฟัััะธัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ัะฐะผัะผะธ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพะผะพ. ะะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒะพััะธ ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฑััั ะฒ ะฒัะธะณัััะต!
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะฐะนัะต ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet!
ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะะพัะพะฒั ะธัะฟััะฐัั ัะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒัะธะณัะฐัั ะฟะพ-ะบััะฟะฝะพะผั? ะกะปะตะดัะนัะต ััะธะผ ะฟัะพัััะผ ัะฐะณะฐะผ:
ะะฐัะตะณะธัััะธััะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ัะฐะนัะต 1win. ะัะพัะตัั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฟะฐัั ะผะธะฝัั.
ะะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ััะตั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ: ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะฐััะพะน, ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ะบะพัะตะปัะบะฐะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะพะน.
ะัะบัะพะนัะต Lucky Jet ะฒ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะต ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธะณะพัะพะฒััะตัั ะบ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะพะผั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะผั ะฟัะพัะตััั.
ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบั ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ัะพััะพะผ ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ. ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะพะฝ ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐะตััั โ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฐั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะธะณััั.
ะัะฒะตะดะธัะต ะฒัะธะณััั ะดะพ ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ Lucky Jet ะฒะทะปะตัะธั! ะะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะถะฐะดะฝะธัะฐัั ะธ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั, ะธะฝะฐัะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะณะพัะธั.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ัััะฐัะตะณะธะธ, ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธััะนัะต ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะธััะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั!
Lucky Jet โ ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ะฑะพะปััะธะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ!
ะะพะฟัะพะฑัะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐัััั ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัั ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั! ะ ะตะณะธัััะธััะนัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธ ะฑะพะฝัั ะดะพ 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั ั ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดะพะผ: LuckyJetTeam.
lucky jet ะธะณัะฐัั
ะะฑ ะธะณัะต
Lucky Jet โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะตะต ะฟัะธะบะปััะตะฝะธะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ัะตัะฐััะธะผ! ะญัะฐ ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัะฐ ะฑัะพัะฐะตั ะฒัะทะพะฒ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะธะฝััะธะฝะบัะฐะผ ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััะธ ะฑััััะพ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะธะณัั โ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะฐั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะบะฐ, ะณะดะต ะธะณัะพะบะธ ััะฐะฒัั ะฝะฐ ัะพัั ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ, ะฝะพ ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะฝะต ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะถะดะฐัั ะดะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ, ะฐ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะฒัะฒะตััะธ ัะฒะพะน ะฒัะธะณััั, ะฟัะตะถะดะต ัะตะผ ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะถ ะฒะทะปะตัะธั ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฒััะพะบะพ ะธ ัะปััะธััั ะบัะฐั .
ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝั, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะฐ! ะะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต: ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฐะทะฐััะฝะพะผ ะฟััะตัะตััะฒะธะธ ะฒะฐะถะตะฝ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั, ะฒะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ัะตัะธั, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะตะปะธะบ ะฑัะดะตั ะฒะฐั ะฒัะธะณััั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะบะพัะพััั ะธ ัะดะฐัั! ะัะพัััะต ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ, ะฑัััััะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ โ ะฒะพั ะฟะพัะตะผั ะธะณัะพะบะธ ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั Lucky Jet.
ะะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะ Lucky Jet ะฒะฐั ะถะดัั ัะตะดััะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ัะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฒะฐั ะฑะฐะปะฐะฝั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะธัั ัะดะพะฒะพะปัััะฒะธะต ะพั ะธะณัั! ะั ัะตะฝะธะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟััะบะฐะตะผ ะฝะพะฒัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฒะฐั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะตัะต ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะตะต.
ะะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั
ะะพะฝัั 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะด LuckyJetTeam ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ััะตัะฐ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะต ะดะตะฟะพะทะธัะฐ ะฒ 5 ัะฐะท! ะญัะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัั ั ัะพะปะธะดะฝัะผ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะพะผ.
ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ ะธ ััะธัะฟะธะฝั
ะงะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒั ะธะณัะฐะตัะต, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพะดะฐัะบะพะฒ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัะต! ะฃัะฐััะฒัะนัะต ะฒ ัะตะณัะปััะฝัั ะฟัะพะผะพ-ะฐะบัะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะฐะนัะต ััะธัะฟะธะฝั, ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดั ะทะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั.
ะััะฑัะบ ะดะพ 10%
ะัะพะธะณัะฐะปะธ? ะะต ะฑะตะดะฐ! ะ Lucky Jet ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฒะตัะฝััั ัะฐััั ะฟะพัะตััะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะธััะตะผะต ะบััะฑัะบะฐ. ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒะฐะผ ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐัะธัะปััััั ะดะพ 10% ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะพั ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะฐะฒะพะบ.
ะกะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ! ะั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปัะตะผ ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฝะต ัะฟัััะธัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ัะฐะผัะผะธ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพะผะพ. ะะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒะพััะธ ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฑััั ะฒ ะฒัะธะณัััะต!
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะฐะนัะต ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet!
ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะะพัะพะฒั ะธัะฟััะฐัั ัะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒัะธะณัะฐัั ะฟะพ-ะบััะฟะฝะพะผั? ะกะปะตะดัะนัะต ััะธะผ ะฟัะพัััะผ ัะฐะณะฐะผ:
ะะฐัะตะณะธัััะธััะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ัะฐะนัะต 1win. ะัะพัะตัั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฟะฐัั ะผะธะฝัั.
ะะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ััะตั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ: ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะฐััะพะน, ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ะบะพัะตะปัะบะฐะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะพะน.
ะัะบัะพะนัะต Lucky Jet ะฒ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะต ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธะณะพัะพะฒััะตัั ะบ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะพะผั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะผั ะฟัะพัะตััั.
ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบั ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ัะพััะพะผ ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ. ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะพะฝ ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐะตััั โ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฐั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะธะณััั.
ะัะฒะตะดะธัะต ะฒัะธะณััั ะดะพ ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ Lucky Jet ะฒะทะปะตัะธั! ะะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะถะฐะดะฝะธัะฐัั ะธ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั, ะธะฝะฐัะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะณะพัะธั.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ัััะฐัะตะณะธะธ, ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธััะนัะต ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะธััะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั!
Lucky Jet โ ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ะฑะพะปััะธะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ!
ะะพะฟัะพะฑัะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐัััั ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัั ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั! ะ ะตะณะธัััะธััะนัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธ ะฑะพะฝัั ะดะพ 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั ั ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดะพะผ: LuckyJetTeam.
lucky jet
ะะฑ ะธะณัะต
Lucky Jet โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะตะต ะฟัะธะบะปััะตะฝะธะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ัะตัะฐััะธะผ! ะญัะฐ ะบัะฐั-ะธะณัะฐ ะฑัะพัะฐะตั ะฒัะทะพะฒ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะธะฝััะธะฝะบัะฐะผ ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััะธ ะฑััััะพ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะธะณัั โ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะฐั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะบะฐ, ะณะดะต ะธะณัะพะบะธ ััะฐะฒัั ะฝะฐ ัะพัั ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ, ะฝะพ ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะฝะต ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะถะดะฐัั ะดะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ, ะฐ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะฒัะฒะตััะธ ัะฒะพะน ะฒัะธะณััั, ะฟัะตะถะดะต ัะตะผ ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะถ ะฒะทะปะตัะธั ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฒััะพะบะพ ะธ ัะปััะธััั ะบัะฐั .
ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝั, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะฐ! ะะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต: ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฐะทะฐััะฝะพะผ ะฟััะตัะตััะฒะธะธ ะฒะฐะถะตะฝ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั, ะฒะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ัะตัะธั, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะตะปะธะบ ะฑัะดะตั ะฒะฐั ะฒัะธะณััั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะธะณัะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะบะพัะพััั ะธ ัะดะฐัั! ะัะพัััะต ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ, ะฑัััััะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒัะธะณัััะธ โ ะฒะพั ะฟะพัะตะผั ะธะณัะพะบะธ ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั Lucky Jet.
ะะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะ Lucky Jet ะฒะฐั ะถะดัั ัะตะดััะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ัะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะดั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฒะฐั ะฑะฐะปะฐะฝั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะธัั ัะดะพะฒะพะปัััะฒะธะต ะพั ะธะณัั! ะั ัะตะฝะธะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะธะณัะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟััะบะฐะตะผ ะฝะพะฒัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฒะฐั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะตัะต ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะตะต.
ะะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั
ะะพะฝัั 500% ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะดะตะฟะพะทะธั
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฟัะพะผะพะบะพะด LuckyJetTeam ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ััะตัะฐ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะต ะดะตะฟะพะทะธัะฐ ะฒ 5 ัะฐะท! ะญัะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัั ั ัะพะปะธะดะฝัะผ ะทะฐะฟะฐัะพะผ.
ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝัะต ะฐะบัะธะธ ะธ ััะธัะฟะธะฝั
ะงะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒั ะธะณัะฐะตัะต, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพะดะฐัะบะพะฒ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัะต! ะฃัะฐััะฒัะนัะต ะฒ ัะตะณัะปััะฝัั ะฟัะพะผะพ-ะฐะบัะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะฐะนัะต ััะธัะฟะธะฝั, ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดั ะทะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั.
ะััะฑัะบ ะดะพ 10%
ะัะพะธะณัะฐะปะธ? ะะต ะฑะตะดะฐ! ะ Lucky Jet ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฒะตัะฝััั ัะฐััั ะฟะพัะตััะฝะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะธััะตะผะต ะบััะฑัะบะฐ. ะะถะตะฝะตะดะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒะฐะผ ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐัะธัะปััััั ะดะพ 10% ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะพั ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะฝะฝัั ััะฐะฒะพะบ.
ะกะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ! ะั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปัะตะผ ะฑะพะฝััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฝะต ัะฟัััะธัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒะพัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ัะฐะผัะผะธ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะพะผะพ. ะะพะดะฟะธััะฒะฐะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒะพััะธ ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธัะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฑััั ะฒ ะฒัะธะณัััะต!
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฑะพะฝััั ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะฐะนัะต ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั ะฒ Lucky Jet!
ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ Lucky Jet
ะะพัะพะฒั ะธัะฟััะฐัั ัะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒัะธะณัะฐัั ะฟะพ-ะบััะฟะฝะพะผั? ะกะปะตะดัะนัะต ััะธะผ ะฟัะพัััะผ ัะฐะณะฐะผ:
ะะฐัะตะณะธัััะธััะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ัะฐะนัะต 1win. ะัะพัะตัั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฟะฐัั ะผะธะฝัั.
ะะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ััะตั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ: ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะฐััะพะน, ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ะบะพัะตะปัะบะฐะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะพะน.
ะัะบัะพะนัะต Lucky Jet ะฒ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะต ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธะณะพัะพะฒััะตัั ะบ ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะพะผั ะธะณัะพะฒะพะผั ะฟัะพัะตััั.
ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบั ะธ ัะปะตะดะธัะต ะทะฐ ัะพััะพะผ ะบะพัััะธัะธะตะฝัะฐ. ะงะตะผ ะฒััะต ะพะฝ ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐะตััั โ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฐั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะธะณััั.
ะัะฒะตะดะธัะต ะฒัะธะณััั ะดะพ ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ Lucky Jet ะฒะทะปะตัะธั! ะะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะถะฐะดะฝะธัะฐัั ะธ ะฒะพะฒัะตะผั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั, ะธะฝะฐัะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะณะพัะธั.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ัััะฐัะตะณะธะธ, ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธััะนัะต ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะต ัะฐัะฝะดั ะธ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะธััะนัะต ััะฐะฒะบะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะดั!
http://yiquan.org.ru/yiquan/content/klyuchi-aktivatsii-vindovs-10
SuperBet Brasil: A Melhor Plataforma de Apostas com Bonus Gratis de Ate R$ 500!
Seja voce um novato ou um apostador experiente, a SuperBet oferece ferramentas e recursos para todos os niveis de experiencia. Novos jogadores encontrarao uma interface amigavel e recursos uteis, enquanto os especialistas podem aproveitar estrategias avancadas de apostas e eventos exclusivos.
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O que e SuperBet?
A SuperBet e a casa de apostas oficial brasileira que criou um aplicativo movel exclusivo para apostas esportivas e jogos de cassino. A singularidade deste aplicativo esta na sua simplicidade, conveniencia, rapidez e acessibilidade. No aplicativo SuperBet voce encontrara muitos recursos interessantes, uma grande selecao de jogos e apostas esportivas.
SuperBet e seguro
A SuperBet e totalmente autorizada e regulamentada para operar dentro do arcabouco legal do Brasil. Ela opera sob a gestao da SPRBT INTERACTIVE BRASIL LTDA, que e registrada e licenciada para garantir servicos seguros e confiaveis.
Conformidade e Autorizacao no Brasil
Administracao: SPRBT INTERACTIVE BRASIL LTDA, sediada na Alameda Rio Claro, Sao Paulo/SP.
Autorizacao: As operacoes da SuperBet sao oficialmente autorizadas pela Secretaria de Premios e Apostas pela Resolucao SPA/MF n.? 2090/2024.
Compromisso com a confiabilidade
A SuperBet adere a padroes regulatorios rigorosos, garantindo:
Transparencia: Total conformidade legal e operacional.
Seguranca: Adesao aos requisitos legais do Brasil para operacoes seguras.
Confiabilidade: Uma estrutura solida apoiada por autorizacoes e licencas oficiais.
Transparencia: Total conformidade legal e operacional. Seguranca: Adesao aos requisitos legais do Brasil para operacoes seguras. Confiabilidade: Uma estrutura solida apoiada por autorizacoes e licencas oficiais.
Por que escolher a SuperBet?
Se voce esta procurando uma plataforma confiavel, rapida e segura para apostar em esportes e jogar jogos de cassino, a SuperBet e a escolha perfeita. Aqui esta o porque:
Bonus de ate R$ 500: Ganhe uma aposta gratis ao se inscrever.
Velocidade e estabilidade: A SuperBet e altamente produtiva gracas as tecnologias mais recentes e avancadas. Quer voce esteja apostando em esportes, assistindo a transmissoes ao vivo ou jogando cassino ao vivo, a plataforma oferece tempos de carregamento rapidos.
Seguranca garantida: O aplicativo e o site usam criptografia AES de 256 bits e criptografia RSA para garantir sua privacidade e seguranca. Com a SuperBet, seus dados pessoais e transacoes financeiras estao sempre protegidos.
Facilidade de uso: Navegar na plataforma SuperBet e muito facil. O aplicativo e o site tem um design intuitivo e muitos recursos convenientes. Transmissao de esportes ao vivo e cassino ao vivo em qualidade HD.
Betao: A Melhor Plataforma de Apostas e Cassino Online no Brasil
betao plataforma
O aplicativo movel Betao e apresentado como a melhor plataforma de apostas esportivas e cassino online no Brasil, conhecido por oferecer opcoes de apostas profissionais, jogos de cassino de alta qualidade e ofertas de bonus atrativas. A plataforma e muito popular entre os jogadores brasileiros, oferecendo estrategias eficazes para maximizar lucros e ajudando os usuarios a aproveitarem ao maximo suas apostas. O Betao e a melhor escolha para os jogadores que desejam ter sucesso em 2025, especialmente para aqueles que buscam previsoes confiaveis, oportunidades de apostas lucrativas e um aplicativo movel facil de usar.
Interface e Design do Usuario
O Aplicativo de Apostas Esportivas Betao foi projetado para oferecer uma experiencia de usuario elegante, moderna e intuitiva, facilitando a navegacao pelos diversos esportes e jogos de cassino. Combinando visuais dinamicos, tipografia limpa e modo escuro, o app apresenta um visual polido e envolvente, alem de opcoes de personalizacao para atender as preferencias individuais.
Navegacao Facil
O Betao se destaca por sua navegacao intuitiva, garantindo que os usuarios encontrem rapidamente o que procuram. As categorias de esportes do app sao organizadas por esportes gerais, eventos em alta e principais ligas, com filtros praticos como Mais Populares, Apostas Ao Vivo e Proximos Eventos. Esses recursos permitem que os usuarios entrem diretamente na acao. A separacao entre apostas esportivas e jogos de cassino e clara, com filtros para ambas as categorias, garantindo uma experiencia organizada e fluida.
Para quem prefere velocidade e eficiencia, as opcoes avancadas de busca e classificacao do aplicativo permitem que os usuarios encontrem seus times, esportes e eventos favoritos com apenas alguns toques.
Design Responsivo
O Aplicativo de Apostas Esportivas Betao oferece um desempenho excepcional em diferentes dispositivos. Usuarios de iOS geralmente experimentam velocidades mais rapidas e mais estabilidade devido a integracao otimizada de hardware e software, incluindo recursos integrados como Apple Pay e Face ID. No Android, o desempenho do app pode variar dependendo das especificacoes do dispositivo, mas o design responsivo garante que ele se adapte suavemente tanto para as orientacoes retrato quanto paisagem em celulares e tablets.
Seja no celular ou no tablet, o app ajusta automaticamente seus elementos de interface para garantir uma experiencia consistente e fluida, independentemente do dispositivo.
Opcoes de Personalizacao
O Betao oferece um alto grau de personalizacao, garantindo que os usuarios possam ajustar o app conforme suas preferencias. Temas como modo claro e escuro estao disponiveis, permitindo que os usuarios troquem conforme seu conforto ou preferencias esteticas. Alem disso, os apostadores podem personalizar suas opcoes de apostas, incluindo formatos de odds preferidos e tipos de apostas, tornando o app ainda mais adequado aos estilos individuais de apostas.
Para uma experiencia ainda mais personalizada, o app permite que os usuarios salvem seus esportes, times e eventos favoritos. Esse recurso facilita o acesso rapido as opcoes de apostas preferidas e eventos ao vivo, com o minimo de navegacao possivel.
Games โ sua melhor escolha para apostas e cassino no Brasil!
7games Brasil
Vamos dar uma olhada na melhor plataforma brasileira para apostas esportivas e jogos de cassino online! Esta plataforma e simplesmente incrivel, com um aplicativo movel, as melhores opcoes de apostas esportivas, os melhores jogos de cassino e as melhores ofertas de bonus!
Estamos falando de uma plataforma profissional de apostas no Brasil, utilizada diariamente por milhoes de jogadores experientes para fazer previsoes sobre eventos esportivos e maximizar seus lucros todos os dias!
Nesta analise, voce recebera informacoes exclusivas e completas sobre o melhor site de apostas do Brasil, que as pessoas usam para ganhar todos os dias! Depois de ler nossa avaliacao, voce tambem sera capaz de fazer suas apostas esportivas de forma mais lucrativa e eficaz, nao importa o dia da semana ou a epoca do ano!
Queremos economizar seu tempo precioso, por isso vamos direto ao ponto e apresentar a analise detalhada dessa plataforma! Mas antes de comecarmos, vamos focar em uma coisa importante.
Muitos jogadores fazem as mesmas perguntas com frequencia:
“Onde eu encontro o melhor site para ganhar muito mais?”
“Onde eu encontro as melhores estrategias para vencer?” e ” Como faco para ganhar dinheiro no cassino?”
Por isso, nesta analise, vamos responder a essas perguntas e mostrar a voce a plataforma mais eficaz e melhor para apostas esportivas!
Se voce quer ganhar nas apostas em 2025 e, claro, na proxima temporada de futebol, voce tem uma oportunidade unica de ler nossa valiosa analise e obter as informacoes que voce precisa. Tenha certeza de que as melhores previsoes, as melhores apostas e os melhores jogos de cassino que voce vai encontrar nesta plataforma vao te ajudar a comecar a ganhar dinheiro todos os dias.
O site onde voce pode ganhar e o conhecido 7Games no Brasil, ?7games-login.com
Sao muitas as razoes pelas quais o 7Games e o melhor site de apostas do Brasil. Agora, vamos dar uma olhada mais de perto em todas as vantagens e provar por que o 7Games e a escolha certa para voce.
BetBoom 2025: A Plataforma Definitiva para Apostas Esportivas e Jogos de Cassino
betboom brasil
O aplicativo BetBoom e uma plataforma confiavel para apostas esportivas online e jogos de cassino no Brasil. Conhecido por suas opcoes de apostas profissionais e interface intuitiva, o BetBoom ajuda os usuarios a maximizar suas apostas com previsoes confiaveis e oportunidades lucrativas. Os jogadores podem iniciar sua experiencia com um bonus de R$500, tornando-o uma excelente escolha para apostadores em busca de sucesso em 2025. O app combina navegacao organizada com recursos personalizados para garantir uma experiencia eficiente e facil de usar para todos.
Cadastre-se no BetBoom: 3 passos faceis para comecar a apostar e jogar no cassino!
Ao se registrar uma conta na BetBoom, voce tera acesso a todas as apostas esportivas e jogos de cassino!
Como criar uma conta na BetBoom?
Para criar uma conta, clique no botao ยซCadastre-seยป no canto superior direito da pagina principal do site e insira todas as informacoes necessarias.
Preencha o formulario de registro rapido!
Digite o seu numero de CPF
Escolha a sua data de nascimento (DD.MM.AAAA)
Indique o genero (Sr./Sra.)
Digite o seu CEP
E clique no botao “Proximo Passo”!
Se voce tem um codigo promocional, insira o nome dele no campo especial.
Em seguida, aceite os termos do Betboom marcando as caixas:
Eu concordo com os Termos, 18+, Politica de Privacidade, Jogo Responsavel (obrigatorio)
Eu concordo em receber mensagens de marketing e publicidade (opcional)
E clique no botao “Proximo Passo”!
Passo #2: Informacoes de contato
Digite seu nome e sobrenome
Digite seu numero de telefone e clique em “confirmar” (Voce recebera um codigo de confirmacao no e-mail informado)
Digite o codigo enviado por SMS
Digite seu e-mail e clique em “confirmar” (Voce recebera um codigo de confirmacao no e-mail informado)
Digite o codigo enviado para o seu e-mail
Crie uma senha (min. 8 caracteres)
Digite a cidade e o endereco
UTLH:??????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????UTLH ??????“??”??,????????????,??????,??????????????????????????1. UTLH — ???????????1.1. ????(UFA)????????????????????,UTLH ?:?????????????????????:????????????,????????????1.2. UTL Club ?????????????????,UTLH ?????????????,???????????????????:?????,??????????????????2. ?????:???????????2.1. ???????? 957,315 ? UTLH ??,?????????????????????,????????“??”????2.2. ??????????????????????????? UTLH ???????????????????????????????3. Staking:?????,???3.1. ?? 24%(?? 2%)?????:?????? UTLH ??? staking ?,????????????????????:? 1 ?????????,????????????????????3.2. ???????Binance Smart Chain(BSC)?????????????????????:staking ????,???????????????4. ????:???????4.1. UTLH ??,?????????? UTLH ????,??????????????????:???????????????????????????????4.2. ??????????????,??????????????,???????,??????????5. ????:Binance Smart Chain (BSC)5.1. ????????????“???”????,BSC ??????????? staking UTLH,???????5.2. ?????????UTLH ????? DEX(? PancakeSwap)??? DeFi ???????????????????,????????????6. ???????6.1. ??????????????,UTLH ????????????:????(UFA)???????????Staking ??????????,?????,????????6.2. ?????????????????????????????,?????????,???????????????????????,? UTLH ??????????????7. ??????????? BSC ??(? MetaMask ? Trust Wallet)???????????????????? UTLH??? staking:24%?????????????????????????:????????????????????,UTLH ??????????????,??????????UTLH ????????????????????????????????????????????????? staking????????????????(Binance Smart Chain),UTLH ????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????,???????????????——UTLH ??????????????????????
โIโm very impulsiveโ: Why this American woman moved to France at the age of 70
ะณะตะน ะฟะพัะฝะพ
Sheโd dreamed of living in France for years, but according to Janice Deerwester, originally from Texas, life always seemed to get in the way.
In 2021, Janice, who has been a widow since 2012, found herself lying on her bed with the lyrics to โIs That All There Is?,โ a song about dissatisfaction that was a hit for country singer Peggy Lee back in 1969, playing in her head.
โI hated that song when it came out, but all of a sudden it came to my mind,โ Janice, who was based in Georgia at the time, tells CNN Travel. โI thought, โIs this all there is?โ I work, come home tired. I get up. Is this it?โ
Realizing that she wanted more from life, Janice decided there and then that she would relocate to Fontainebleau โ the French town sheโd had her heart set on since a 2018 visit. Less than a year later, at the age of 70, she did just that.
โIโm very impulsive so that kind of followed the rule,โ she adds.
Now happily settled in Fontainebleau, located southeast of Paris, Janice feels that she โmade the best choice everโ and is incredibly grateful to be living out her fantasy.
โI am the luckiest woman I feel that ever was,โ she says. โAnd why I have this, and why I was given this, I have no idea. But Iโm just blessed every day that I get to live here.โ
Janice goes on to explain that she wasnโt necessarily unhappy back in Georgia, and enjoyed living on a horse ranch in the country, which she had been renting since selling her home, but was overcome with the feeling that โthereโs got to be moreโ to life.
Velocidad critica
Dispositivos de equilibrado: clave para el rendimiento suave y efectivo de las dispositivos.
En el mundo de la avances contemporรกnea, donde la productividad y la estabilidad del sistema son de suma relevancia, los sistemas de calibraciรณn cumplen un papel vital. Estos dispositivos dedicados estรกn creados para ajustar y estabilizar partes mรณviles, ya sea en maquinaria productiva, automรณviles de traslado o incluso en equipos hogareรฑos.
Para los expertos en soporte de aparatos y los ingenieros, utilizar con equipos de equilibrado es fundamental para garantizar el rendimiento fluido y fiable de cualquier dispositivo mรณvil. Gracias a estas soluciones innovadoras sofisticadas, es posible minimizar sustancialmente las vibraciones, el ruido y la tensiรณn sobre los soportes, prolongando la duraciรณn de elementos importantes.
Tambiรฉn importante es el tarea que cumplen los sistemas de calibraciรณn en la servicio al cliente. El soporte tรฉcnico y el soporte regular utilizando estos sistemas permiten proporcionar prestaciones de alta estรกndar, mejorando la bienestar de los clientes.
Para los titulares de empresas, la aporte en unidades de ajuste y dispositivos puede ser clave para optimizar la rendimiento y desempeรฑo de sus aparatos. Esto es especialmente importante para los dueรฑos de negocios que gestionan modestas y medianas organizaciones, donde cada aspecto es relevante.
Tambiรฉn, los aparatos de calibraciรณn tienen una extensa utilizaciรณn en el sector de la fiabilidad y el monitoreo de nivel. Habilitan encontrar potenciales problemas, reduciendo mantenimientos costosas y daรฑos a los aparatos. Mรกs aรบn, los indicadores recopilados de estos equipos pueden aplicarse para mejorar mรฉtodos y incrementar la exposiciรณn en motores de investigaciรณn.
Las zonas de aplicaciรณn de los aparatos de balanceo incluyen diversas รกreas, desde la fabricaciรณn de bicicletas hasta el seguimiento ambiental. No importa si se considera de enormes producciones industriales o pequeรฑos espacios de uso personal, los equipos de calibraciรณn son esenciales para promover un desempeรฑo productivo y sin detenciones.
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L’avenir de UTLH : previsions des experts et plan de developpement du projetLe token UTLH gagne rapidement en popularite et s’est impose comme un instrument prometteur pour les investissements a long terme et le developpement financier. Cependant, le plus interessant reste a venir : le projet avance activement vers de nouveaux horizons et dispose d’une feuille de route claire, confirmee par les avis d’experts et le soutien d’une communaute dynamique. Dans cet article, nous examinerons les principales orientations du developpement du projet, les previsions pour les prochains mois et annees, ainsi que le role de la communaute et de l’expansion internationale du UTL Club.Feuille de route : que reserve l’avenir proche pour UTLH ?1.1. Expansion des fonctionnalites et des produits de stakingStaking ameliore. L’un des principaux avantages de UTLH est le staking avec un rendement de 24% par an (2% par mois). A l’avenir, l’equipe prevoit de lancer des produits supplementaires bases sur le staking, notamment des plans flexibles permettant de choisir la duree de verrouillage des tokens et le niveau de rendement.Expansion de l’ecosysteme UTL Club. Il est prevu de lancer de nouveaux services financiers au sein du club : des programmes supplementaires d’epargne, d’assurance et d’entraide, reposant sur le token UTLH comme instrument de garantie.1.2. Nouvelles integrations et partenariatsPlateformes DeFi et NFT. L’equipe UTLH envisage de penetrer le secteur des finances decentralisees (DeFi) et meme de s’integrer au marche des NFT, si cela peut apporter une reelle valeur ajoutee aux detenteurs. Ces demarches permettront d’augmenter la liquidite et d’ajouter de nouveaux scenarios d’utilisation du token.Collaborations avec des services externes. Parmi les projets, la collaboration avec des services de paiement, des portefeuilles crypto et des places de marche afin de permettre l’utilisation de UTLH dans differents domaines, tels que les paiements, les reductions et les bonus.1.3. Listing sur des grandes boursesExpansion sur les CEX (bourses centralisees). L’equipe mene des negociations avec plusieurs bourses reputees pour assurer la liquidite et l’accessibilite de UTLH a un large public. Un listing sur une grande bourse est une etape cruciale pour la croissance du prix et l’attraction de nouveaux investisseurs.Soutien sur les DEX (bourses decentralisees). UTLH est deja disponible sur Binance Smart Chain (BSC), ce qui le rend compatible avec de nombreuses DEX populaires. A l’avenir, une integration plus approfondie avec celles-ci est prevue pour faciliter l’echange du token.Avis des experts : previsions et evaluations des perspectives2.1. Experts internes et membres de l’equipeLes developpeurs de UTLH soulignent le potentiel du token de garantie dans le cadre du programme Universal Financial Assistance (UFA). Selon eux, l’utilite reelle du token, son emission limitee et la demande constante pour cet actif de garantie creent une base pour une croissance significative de son prix.Les conseillers financiers du club mentionnent la strategie “Buy & Stake” : posseder des tokens et participer au staking s’est deja revele efficace en tant qu’outil de revenu passif. Le soutien d’eventuels partenariats futurs et la croissance de la communaute stimuleront la demande pour le token.2.2. Analystes externes et specialistes du secteurLes analystes crypto considerent UTLH comme un actif prometteur, mettant en avant la stabilite des rendements du staking et son application reelle en tant que garantie. Selon plusieurs analystes, la dynamique des prix pourrait atteindre X2-X5 dans les 6-12 prochains mois, et avec une expansion du club et un listing reussi sur des grandes bourses, cela pourrait aller jusqu’a X10-X50 sur un horizon de 2-3 ans.Les blogueurs en investissement soulignent la combinaison d’une offre limitee et d’une demande croissante au sein de la communaute fermee : ยซ UTLH comble une niche de financement a faible cout avec garantie dans le domaine de la cryptomonnaie, un marche au potentiel immense. ยปLe role de la communaute et le plan de developpement international3.1. La communaute UTL Club : un pilier du succesPlus de 100 000 residents. Une telle base d’utilisateurs assure une demande continue pour UTLH dans le cadre du programme UFA. Chaque nouveau resident represente un nouveau potentiel acheteur de token.Education et entraide. Le club organise activement des webinaires, des briefings et des conferences sur les investissements, les cryptomonnaies et l’entrepreneuriat. L’accent est mis sur l’utilisation de UTLH comme outil de constitution de capital et de resolution des problemes financiers.3.2. Expansion sur le marche internationalExpansion mondiale. Grace a sa nature decentralisee et a la disponibilite de Binance Smart Chain, UTLH franchit facilement les frontieres. L’equipe prevoit de promouvoir activement le token dans les pays d’Europe, d’Asie et d’Amerique latine, ou l’interet pour les sources alternatives de financement est en forte croissance.Support multilingue. Le site web, le tableau de bord personnel et les principales ressources du club sont deja traduits en plusieurs langues. A l’avenir, la creation de communautes locales representatives est prevue pour assurer le confort des investisseurs de differentes regions.3.3. Initiatives de l’equipe et objectifs a long termeDeveloppement du reseau international de partenaires. Recherche d’entreprises fiables pretes a accepter UTLH comme moyen de paiement ou garantie pour divers services.Unification des communautes crypto. Participation a des conferences specialisees, hackathons et evenements pour renforcer les liens et la reconnaissance de la marque UTLH.Principaux moteurs et risques potentiels4.1. Ce qui soutient la croissance de UTLHEmission limitee : Moins de 1 million de tokens.Burning (destruction) : Reduction constante de l’offre.Demande provenant du programme UFA : Chaque emprunteur a besoin d’un certain nombre de UTLH pour garantir son pret.Staking : Le rendement de 2% par mois incite les detenteurs a ne pas vendre, mais a conserver leurs tokens, reduisant ainsi l’offre sur le marche.Communaute loyale et croissante : Le soutien du club, pret a s’etendre a l’echelle mondiale.4.2. Defis potentielsRegulations : Les changements dans la regulation des cryptomonnaies dans differents pays peuvent affecter la vitesse de croissance internationale.Concurrence : L’emergence de projets similaires pourrait diminuer l’attention portee a UTLH si l’equipe ne met pas en place de nouvelles fonctionnalites a temps.Dependance a la volatilite du marche : Malgre l’utilite du token, les tendances globales du marche des cryptomonnaies influent egalement sur le prix (croissance ou baisse du secteur en general).Conclusion : une preparation pour un essor futurLe token UTLH a deja prouve sa viabilite en tant qu’outil de financement garanti et de staking avec un rendement attractif. Cependant, les changements les plus significatifs sont encore a venir โ l’equipe et les experts sont convaincus qu’une combinaison d’expansion des fonctionnalites, de listing sur de grandes bourses et de popularite mondiale du club UTL permettra de multiplier la valeur du token. La feuille de route inclut le developpement du staking, l’entree dans DeFi, des integrations avec des services de paiement et des plateformes NFT, ainsi que des listings sur des bourses. Les experts (internes et externes) prevoient un grand potentiel de croissance : de X2โX5 a court terme a X50 a moyen terme. La communaute joue un role crucial dans la dynamique du projet, assurant une demande constante pour le token et creant un environnement favorable pour ses detenteurs. L’expansion internationale, la localisation et les partenariats permettront a UTLH de se faire connaitre a l’echelle mondiale. Si vous recherchez un actif prometteur sur le marche des cryptomonnaies, soutenu par une reelle utilite, une equipe solide et une communaute active, UTLH merite toute votre attention. Son avenir s’annonce brillant et prometteur, et avec un plan de developpement bien elabore, ce projet pourrait devenir l’un des plus grands succes dans le domaine de la finance decentralisee.
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ะะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ: ะญัะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฐัะฟะตะบัั ะธ ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธั
ะ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะผะธัะต ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ะพัะทัะฒั ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะน ััะฐะปะธ ะฒะฐะถะฝะตะนัะธะผ ัะปะตะผะตะฝัะพะผ ะฒ ัะพัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ. ะะฝะธ ะฒะปะธััั ะฝะฐ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ, ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ, ะฝะฐ ะดะพั ะพะดั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธััะธะน. ะะตัะดะธะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ, ััะพ ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะธ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะธ ะฟัะธะฑะตะณะฐัั ะบ ะฝะฐะบัััะบะต ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ััะฐ ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะฐ ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตั ัะตััะตะทะฝัะต ััะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะธ ะผะพะถะตั ะธะผะตัั ะฝะตะณะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธั.
ะะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ
ะงัะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะฝะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ?
ะะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ โ ััะพ ะฟัะพัะตัั ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะธั ัะฐะปััะธะฒัั ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ ะดะปั ะธัะบััััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะดัะบัะฐ. ะญัะธ ะพัะทัะฒั ะผะพะณัั ะฑััั ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ะฟะพะฒััะธัั ัะตะนัะธะฝะณ, ะธะปะธ ะพััะธัะฐัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ะฟะพะฝะธะทะธัั ัะตะนัะธะฝะณ ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะกััะตััะฒััั ัะฐะทะฝัะต ัะฟะพัะพะฑั ะฝะฐะบัััะบะธ ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ:
ะกะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะต ัะฐะปััะธะฒัั ะฐะบะบะฐัะฝัะพะฒ: ะัะดะธ ะธะปะธ ะฑะพัั ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ ะฐะบะบะฐัะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ ะธ ะพััะฐะฒะปััั ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธะธ.
ะัะฟะปะตะฝะฝัะต ะพัะทัะฒั: ะะฟะปะฐัะฐ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผ ะทะฐ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะฐัะธั ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ.
ะะฐะฝะธะฟัะปััะธั ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะพัะทัะฒะฐะผะธ: ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ัะดะฐะปะตะฝะธะต ะพััะธัะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ ะธะปะธ ะธัะบััััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะฒัะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝัั .
ะญัะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธั
ะะฑะผะฐะฝ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปะตะน: ะะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ ะฒะฒะพะดะธั ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปะตะน ะฒ ะทะฐะฑะปัะถะดะตะฝะธะต, ะทะฐััะฐะฒะปัั ะธั ะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะพััะพะฒะตัะฝัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะฟัะธ ะฟัะธะฝััะธะธ ัะตัะตะฝะธะน ะพ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะต.
ะะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะธั: ะัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ัะฐะปััะธะฒัั ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ ะดะปั ะดะธัะบัะตะดะธัะฐัะธะธ ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐัััะฐะตั ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟั ัะตััะฝะพะน ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะธะธ, ะฟะพะดััะฒะฐะตั ะดะพะฒะตัะธะต ะบ ััะฝะบั ะธ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟัะธะฒะตััะธ ะบ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒัะผ ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธัะผ.
ะฃัะพะฝ ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะธ: ะะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐะบัััะบะฐ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ัะฒะฝะพะน, ััะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฝะฐะฝะตััะธ ัะตัััะทะฝัะน ััะพะฝ ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ. ะะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปะธ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐัั ะฒะพัะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะตัะตััะฝัั, ััะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฝะธะถะฐะตั ััะพะฒะตะฝั ะดะพะฒะตัะธั ะธ ะปะพัะปัะฝะพััะธ.
ะัะฐะฒะพะฒัะต ะฐัะฟะตะบัั
ะะฐััะดั ั ััะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ, ะฝะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ ัะฐะบะถะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒัะต ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธั. ะะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัััะฐะฝะฐั ะพะฝะฐ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตััั ะบะฐะบ ัะพัะผะฐ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตััะฒะฐ, ะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ัะปะธัะตะฝะฝัะต ะฒ ััะพะน ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะต, ะผะพะณัั ััะพะปะบะฝััััั ั ัััะฐัะฐะผะธ ะธ ะดะฐะถะต ััะดะตะฑะฝัะผะธ ะธัะบะฐะผะธ. ะะฐะบะพะฝั, ัะตะณัะปะธััััะธะต ะบะพะผะผะตััะตัะบัั ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบั, ััะฐะฝะพะฒัััั ะฒัั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัััะพะณะธะผะธ. ะะปะฐััะพัะผั ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฑะพััััั ั ะฝะฐะบัััะบะพะน, ะฟัะธะผะตะฝัั ะฐะปะณะพัะธัะผั, ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝัะต ะฒััะฒะปััั ะธ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะฐะปััะธะฒัะต ะพัะทัะฒั, ัะปัััะฐั ัะฐะบะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะผ ะดะพะฒะตัะธะต ะบ ัะฒะพะตะผั ะบะพะฝัะตะฝัั.
ะะฐะบ ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะฝะตะณะฐัะธะฒะฝัั ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธะน
ะงะตััะฝะฐั ัััะฐัะตะณะธั: ะะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผ ัะปะตะดัะตั ัะพะบััะธัะพะฒะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ัะปัััะตะฝะธะธ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ ัะฒะพะธั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ะธ ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะญัะพ ะปัััะธะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะทะฐัะปัะถะธัั ะธัะบัะตะฝะฝะธะต ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะทัะฒั.
ะะปะธะตะฝััะบะฐั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะฐ: ะะบัะธะฒะฝะฐั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ั ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะพัะทัะฒะฐะผะธ, ะดะฐะถะต ะพััะธัะฐัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ, ัะฟะพัะพะฑััะฒัะตั ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะธ. ะัะฒะตัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะผะตัะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะถะฐะปะพะฑั ะดะตะผะพะฝัััะธัััั ะทะฐะฑะพัั ะพ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐั ะธ ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธะต ัะปัััะฐัััั.
ะัะพะทัะฐัะฝะพััั: ะกะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะต ะดะพะฒะตัะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะน ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ ัะตัะตะท ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝัะต ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะธ ะฒะตะดะตะฝะธั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ัะฟะพัะพะฑััะฒัะตั ะฟะพะฒััะตะฝะธั ะปะพัะปัะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะบัะตะฟะปะตะฝะธั ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะธ ะฑะตะท ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐะบัััะบะต.
ะ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต, ะฝะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ, ั ะพัั ะธ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐัััั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝัะผ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ ะฑััััะพะณะพ ะฟะพะฒััะตะฝะธั ัะตะนัะธะฝะณะฐ, ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฝะตัััะพะนัะธะฒะพะน ะธ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ัะฐะทัััะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะพะน. ะะพะปะณะพััะพัะฝัะน ััะฟะตั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ัััะพะธััั ะฝะฐ ัะตััะฝะพััะธ, ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะธ ัะฒะฐะถะตะฝะธะธ ะบ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปัะผ.
ะขัั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะพะฑัะตััะธ ัะตะนั ะฒะทะปะพะผะพััะพะนะบะธะน ัะตะฝะฐ ัะตะนัั ะฒะทะปะพะผะพััะพะนะบะธะต
The fish collectors hoping to save rare species from extinction
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In the rural town of Petersham, Massachusetts, 78-year-old Peter George keeps 1,000 fish in his basement.
โBaseball, sex, fish,โ he says, listing his lifeโs great loves. โMy single greatest attribute is that I am passionate about things. That sort of defines me.โ
All of Georgeโs fish are endangered Rift Lake cichlids: colorful, freshwater fish native to the Great Lakes of East Africa. Inside his 42 tanks, expertly squeezed into a single subterranean room, the fish shimmer under artificial lights, knowing nothing of the expansive waters in which their ancestors once swam, thousands of miles away.
Due to pollution, climate change and overfishing, freshwater fish are thought to be the second most endangered vertebrates in the world. In Lake Victoria, a giant lake shared between Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, over a quarter of endemic species, including countless cichlids, are either critically endangered or extinct.
But for some species, there is still hope. A community of rare fish enthusiasts collect endangered species of freshwater fish from the lakes and springs of East Africa, Mexico and elsewhere, and preserve them in their personal fish tanks in the hope that they might one day be reintroduced in the wild.
โIโm a hard ass,โ George says. โThere is hope.โ
Insurance
George has been collecting fish since 1948 when, as a four-year-old in the Bronx, he would look after his grandmotherโs rainbow fish. He soon developed โmultiple tank syndromeโ โ a colloquial term used by fish collectors to denote the spiral commonly experienced after acquiring oneโs first tank, which involves the sufferer buying many more tanks within a short space of time. He has not stopped collecting since.
Now, George sees himself as a conservationist; his tanks contain what is known as โinsurance populationsโ โ populations of endangered fish that are likely to go extinct in their natural habitats. He believes that when the time is right, they can be taken from his collection and returned to their homes. โI would never accept the fact that they couldnโt be reintroduced,โ he says.
A librarian ran off with a yacht captain in the summer of 1968. It was the start of an incredible love story
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The first time Beverly Carriveau saw Bob Parsons, she felt like a โthunderboltโ passed between them.
โThis man stepped out of a taxi, and we both just stared at each other,โ Beverly tells CNN Travel today. โYou have to remember, this is the โ60s. Girls didnโt stare at men. But it was a thunderbolt.โ
It was June 1968. Beverly was a 23-year-old Canadian university librarian on vacation in Mazatlan, Mexico, with a good friend in tow.
Beverly had arrived in Mazatlan that morning. Sheโd been blown away by the Pacific Ocean views, the colorful 19th-century buildings, the palm trees.
Now, Beverly was browsing the hotel gift store, admiring a pair of earrings, when she looked up and spotted the man getting out of the taxi. The gift shop was facing the parking lot, and there he was.
โI was riveted,โ says Beverly. โHe was tall, handsomeโฆโ
Eventually, Beverly tore away her gaze, bought the earrings and dashed out of the store.
โWe locked eyes so long, I was embarrassed,โ she says.
No words had passed between them. They hadnโt even smiled at each other. But Beverly felt like sheโd revealed something of herself. She felt like something had happened, but she couldnโt describe it.
Beverly rushed to meet her friend, still feeling flustered. Over dinner in the hotel restaurant, Beverly confided in her friend about the โthunderboltโ moment.
โI told my girlfriend, โSomething just happened to me. I stared at this man, and I couldnโt help myself.โโ
Then, the server approached Beverlyโs table.
โHe said, โI have some wine for you, from a man over there.โโ
The waiter was holding a bottle of white wine, indicating at the bar, which was packed with people.
As a rule, Beverly avoided accepting drinks from men in bars. She never felt especially comfortable with the power dynamic โ plus, she had a long-term partner back in Canada.
โI had a serious boyfriend at home and thought my life was on course,โ she says.
Xavier completes thrilling comeback, Mount St. Maryโs advances as menโs First Four comes to a close
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Wednesday saw the menโs First Four come to a close which means only one thing: the 64-team bracket is officially set following No. 11 Xavierโs thrilling come from behind win over No. 11 Texas and No. 16 Mount St. Maryโs victory over No. 16 American in Dayton, Ohio.
The Musketeers trailed by as many as 13 points, but their offense came alive in the second half behind guard Marcus Foster and forward Zach Freemantle to down the Longhorns 86-80.
The senior Foster scored a team-high 22 points while Freemantle, on his way to 15 points, threw down a dunk with a second left to seal the comeback win and ignite the fans at UD Arena, which is just over 50 miles away from campus in Cincinnati, Ohio.
With just under four minutes remaining, Xavier went on an 8-2 run to take a 78-74 lead, their first since the early going of the first half.
Musketeers head coach Sean Miller crowned Wednesdayโs game as โone of the bestโ heโs been a part of.
โI thought we were dead in the water two different times,โ Miller told the truTV broadcast after the game. โBut thatโs the one thing about our team โ the resiliency of our group has always won out for us. Just when you thought we werenโt gonna make the tournament, we kept winning. Even in this game, just when youโre like, โItโs not gonna work out,โ we have a funny way of staying with it.โ
The Longhorns did not go down without a fight as guard Tre Johnson scored a game-high 23 points in the loss.
Xavier will face No. 6 Illinois in the first round on Friday at the Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee.
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?? ?? ??? ???, ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??, ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ???, UTLH ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? UTLH ?? ???? ????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????UTLH ???? ???? ??? UTLH ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? Binance Smart Chain (BEP-20) ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? UTL Club ?? ??? ?????????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?????????????? ???? ??, ????? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? (UFA) ????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?? UTLH ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???, ????? ???? ??? ??? ???, ?? ???????????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? UTLH ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? – ???? ????????, ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????????? UTLH ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???:????? ??????? – ???? 957,315 ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ?????????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????UFA ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? – ?? ???? ?? ??????????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??, ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? – ???? 24% ??????? (2% ?????) ??????? ???? ???, ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???UFA ?????????: ????????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ?????????? ????????? (UFA) ????????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? UTLH ???? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??, ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???-??? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? UTLH ????:???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???;?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????, ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???;?? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????, UTLH ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??, ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ??????????? ?? ??????? UTLH ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? UTLH ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ???? UTLH ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? – ???????? ?????????, ?? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??:??????? ??? ???? 1 UTLH?????????? ?????? – 24% ??????? (2% ?????)?12 ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???????? UTLH ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????? UTLH ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??, ?????? 160,000 ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???, ????? ?????? ?? ??????-?????? ??? ??? ??:????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ????? ?? ????? UTLH ?? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???:??????? ?? ???? – ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ????, UFA ????????? ?? UTLH ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????????????? ?? ????? – ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???, ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? – ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????UTLH ?? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? ?? 5 ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????????? ?? ??????????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????UFA ????????? ??? ???????? ?????, ?? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ???Binance Smart Chain ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????????????: UTLH – ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? UTLH ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???, ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??? ???, ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? UTLH ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ? ????? – ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????!
Andrei Alistarov: A Controversial BloggerAndrei Alistarov is a blogger who sparks heated debates and controversy within the Russian online community. His activities, ranging from sports forecasts to “exposing financial pyramids,” often come under the scrutiny of law enforcement authorities of the Russian Federation, EU countries, and the public. However, behind the outward appearance of the anti-fraud fighter hides a trial of legal violations, bias, and “double game.” In this article, we will analyze the blogger’s personality, his background, activities, as well as his connections with the world of fraudsters and the real purpose behind his “exposing” criminals.Criminal BackgroundThe first fact, which explains a lot, is that Alistarov was convicted of selling drugs to children and spent four years in a penal colony. In prison, he held a position consistent with the charges for which he was sentenced and carried out orders from criminal authorities. To a large extent, these assignments became the basis of his subsequent activities. After his release, he continued to participate in the drug trade at a level aligned with his established position in the criminal hierarchy, using real estate transactions to launder drug proceeds.Money Laundering through Real EstateOne of Alistarov’s key methods of laundering illicit proceeds was through real estate transactions. He manipulated small real estate transactions in Russia and Dubai, UAE. The scheme was based on purchasing real estate under false pretenses, inflated prices at resale, and using offshore companies to obscure the real beneficiaries. These small-scale speculative activities allowed him to conceal the origin of money obtained from drug trafficking and other crimes.There are no legal entities registered to Alistarov in Russia, which suggests tax evasion, at least regarding the profits from advertising integrations featured in each of his videos.Advertising of Bookmakers Banned in the Russian FederationTo earn additional income, Alistarov does not hesitate to promote various betting and gambling companies (for example, Pari Match, 1WIN, and others), which, according to Alistarov himself, are “sharpened” to take money from clients who come to them.Alistarov’s website “Iron Bet” actively promotes bookmakers and creates ratings of predictors both in the field of cryptocurrencies and sports. Many individuals end up on his YouTube channel after losses in pyramid schemes. Being in an emotionally distressed state, often with debts, they find themselves drawn into gambling and predictions, hoping to recover their lost funds.In particular, Alistarov attracts the attention of wealthy individuals by offering them “VIP predictions” on sporting events via his Telegram channel. These predictions are essentially worthless, and the blogger himself makes money from naive users, often minors, by promising them easy money.These actions violate the Law on Advertising, which prohibits advertisements from targeting minors or implying that betting can serve as a means of earning money.Alistarov cooperates with the Telegram channel ‘Satoshi’s Tears’ (Slyozy Satoshi/ะกะปะตะทั ะกะฐัะพัะธ), which deals with selective exposure of fraudulent projects. Recommendations and advertising integrations of this channel should be treated with caution, as they can lead to serious financial losses. The channel itself is more like an infobusiness, and its authors have limited knowledge in cryptocurrency analytics and are not sufficiently versed in the subtleties of the crypto industry.Blackmail and ExtortionOne of the most scandalous aspects of Alistarov’s activities is his use of blackmail. He exploits information about his victims to intimidate and extort money. For example, Timur Turlov, a Kazakhstani financier, filed a complaint against the blogger, claiming that he had been demanding money for three years in exchange for remaining silent about his activities. Such actions demonstrate that Alistarov is not merely a blogger but a person who uses his knowledge of people to manipulate them. There are a number of other cases where the blogger demanded monetary remuneration for his silence.Privacy ViolationIn addition to blackmail and manipulation, Alistarov’s activities also raise serious privacy concerns. The blogger not only uses his victims’ personal data for extortion but also actively disseminates information that, according to existing legislation, should remain private.Alistarov often published in his videos and posts the personal data of people he describes as fraudsters or unscrupulous businessmen. The information he discloses often includes addresses, phone numbers, and even financial details. Such actions not only violate the right to privacy but also lead to serious consequences for those affected by his so-called “exposures.”Incitement to HatredOn 1 January 2025, another Russian businessman was brutally attacked in Dubai. Seven Kazakh nationals (reportedly ordered by citizens of the Russian Federation) assaulted and robbed him and members of his family.Prior to this incident, the blogger Alistarov had published a series of 12 videos in which he revealed the entrepreneur’s address and illegally shared information about his family and business activities in the UAE. In doing so, he employed illegal surveillance methods, wiretapping, and, consequently, interference with privacy, which is considered a serious offense in the UAE.In addition, Alistarov disclosed information about the residence of the victim’s business partner, systematically violating confidentiality and privacy rights.Connection with Financial PyramidsDespite the fact that Alistarov claims to fight fraudulent schemes, his activities are linked to the promotion of financial pyramids and online casinos. He receives funding from these structures, helping them to eliminate honest competitors under the guise of journalistic ‘exposes’.Currently, Alistarov, who has earned himself the title of a “fighter” against financial pyramids, is very selective in his approach to exposing them. For example, there is no material on his channel regarding the Avalon Technologies pyramid scheme, which, according to available reliable information, was created by one of his close friends.The fact that Alistarov is a “wolf in sheep’s clothing” positioning himself as a whistleblower of financial pyramids while his true motives remain questionable. He increasingly finds himself at the center of accusations that challenge the authenticity of his intentions. It is also evident that his investigations are commissioned in order to eliminate competitors, which suggests his connection to real pyramid schemes and participation in fraudulent schemes. Behind the façade of a fighter for justice hides a figure who actively manipulates information for personal gain, while often breaking the law himself.
2743 437667Some truly valuable details in there. Why not hold some sort of contest for your readers? 987440
At this time it sounds like Expression Engine is the preferred blogging platform out there right now. (from what I’ve read) Is that what you’re using on your blog?
Arctic auroras
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For getting around during winter, the Inuit here nowadays prefer snowmobiles, although they still keep their sled dogs. During winter theyโll offer intrepid visitors, wrapped up warm against the deep-freeze temperatures, dog-sledding jaunts. These can last either an hour or be part of expeditions over several days, sometimes with the added experience of learning how to build an igloo. Sisimiut on the west coast and Tasilaq in the southeast are active winter centers for dog sledding.
Winterโs most stellar attraction, though, is northern lights watching. With little urban light pollution, Greenland is a dark canvas for spectacular displays, and aurora borealis-watching vacations are becoming more popular.
Staying outdoors, Greenland is developing a reputation among adventure enthusiasts: from long-distance skiing expeditions and heliskiing on the icecap to hiking the 100-mile-long Arctic Circle Trail from Kangerslussuaq, where firearms need to be carried for warning shots in case of polar bear encounters.
Life is definitely changing here. The climate crisis is eating away at its icecap and Greenland may well end up as a pawn in a game of geopolitical chess. But for now, the bright glare of international attention should shine a favorable light on one of the wildest travel destinations on Earth.
Travel writer Mark Stratton is an Arctic specialist who has traveled to Greenland six times and counting. Heโs marveled at the aurora borealis, sailed to Disko Island, dog-sledded with the Inuit, and once got stuck in an icefloe.
While the Cumberland sample may contain longer chains of fatty acids, SAM is not designed to detect them. But SAMโs ability to spot these larger molecules suggests it could detect similar chemical signatures of past life on Mars if theyโre present, Williams said.
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โCuriosity is not a life detection mission,โ Freissinet said. โCuriosity is a habitability detection mission to know if all the conditions were right โฆ for life to evolve. Having these results, itโs really at the edge of the capabilities of Curiosity, and itโs even maybe better than what we had expected from this mission.โ
Before sending missions to Mars, scientists didnโt think organic molecules would be found on the red planet because of the intensity of radiation Mars has long endured, Glavin said.
Curiosity wonโt return to Yellowknife Bay during its mission, but there are still pristine pieces of the Cumberland sample aboard. Next, the team wants to design a new experiment to see what it can detect. If the team can identify similar long-chain molecules, it would mark another step forward that might help researchers determine their origins, Freissinet said.
โThatโs the most precious sample we have on board โฆ waiting for us to run the perfect experiment on it,โ she said. โIt holds secrets, and we need to decipher the secrets.โ
Briony Horgan, coinvestigator on the Perseverance rover mission and professor of planetary science at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, called the detection โa big win for the whole team.โ Horgan was not involved the study.
โThis detection really confirms our hopes that sediments laid down in ancient watery environments on Mars could preserve a treasure trove of organic molecules that can tell us about everything from prebiotic processes and pathways for the origin of life, to potential biosignatures from ancient organisms,โ Horgan said.
Dr. Ben K.D. Pearce, assistant professor in Purdueโs department of Earth, atmospheric, and planetary sciences and leader of the Laboratory for Origins and Astrobiology Research, called the findings โarguably the most exciting organic detection to date on Mars.โ Pearce did not participate in the research.
Everyone is talking about Greenland. Hereโs what itโs like to visit
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A few months ago, Greenland was quietly getting on with winter, as the territory slid deeper into the darkness that envelops the worldโs northerly reaches at this time of year.
But President Donald Trumpโs musings about America taking over this island of 56,000 largely Inuit people, halfway between New York and Moscow, has seen Greenland shaken from its frozen Arctic anonymity.
Denmark, for whom Greenland is an autonomous crown dependency, has protested itโs not for sale. Officials in Greenland, meanwhile, have sought to assert the territoryโs right to independence.
The conversation continues to intensify. A contentious March 28 visit to a US military installation by Usha Vance, the second lady, accompanied by her husband, Vice President JD Vance, was the latest in a series of events to focus attention on Trumpโs ambitions for Greenland.
The visit was originally planned as a cultural exchange, but was shortened following complaints from Greenland Prime Minister Mute B. Egede.
Had the Vances prolonged their scheduled brief visit, they wouldโve discovered a ruggedly pristine wildernesses steeped in rich Indigenous culture.
An inhospitable icecap several miles deep covers 80% of Greenland, forcing the Inuit to dwell along the shorelines in brightly painted communities. Here, they spend brutally cold winters hunting seals on ice under the northern lights in near perpetual darkness. Although these days, they can also rely on community stores.
The problem for travelers over the years has been getting to Greenland via time-consuming indirect flights. Thatโs changing. Late in 2024, the capital Nuuk opened a long-delayed international airport. From June 2025, United Airlines will be operating a twice-weekly direct service from Newark to Nuuk.
Two further international airports are due to open by 2026 โ Qaqortoq in South Greenland and more significantly in Ilulissat, the islandโs only real tourism hotspot.
A long time in the making
Curiosity landed in Gale Crater on August 6, 2012. More than 12 years later, the rover has driven over 21 miles (34 kilometers) to ascend Mount Sharp, which is within the crater. The featureโs many layers preserve millions of years of geological history on Mars, showing how it shifted from a wet to a dry environment.
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Perhaps one of the most valuable samples Curiosity has gathered on its mission to understand whether Mars was ever habitable was collected in May 2013.
The rover drilled the Cumberland sample from an area within a crater called Yellowknife Bay, which resembled an ancient lake bed. The rocks from Yellowknife Bay so intrigued Curiosityโs science team that it had the rover drive in the opposite direction to collect samples from the area before heading to Mount Sharp.
Since collecting the Cumberland sample, Curiosity has used SAM to study it in a variety of ways, revealing that Yellowknife Bay was once the site of an ancient lake where clay minerals formed in water. The mudstone created an environment that could concentrate and preserve organic molecules and trapped them inside the fine grains of the sedimentary rock.
Freissinet helped lead a research team in 2015 that was able to identify organic molecules within the Cumberland sample.
The instrument detected an abundance of sulfur, which can be used to preserve organic molecules; nitrates, which are essential for plant and animal health on Earth; and methane composed of a type of carbon associated with biological processes on Earth.
โThere is evidence that liquid water existed in Gale Crater for millions of years and probably much longer, which means there was enough time for life-forming chemistry to happen in these crater-lake environments on Mars,โ said study coauthor Daniel Glavin, senior scientist for sample return at NASAโs Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, in a statement.
Iceberg flotillas
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Located on the west coast, Ilulissat is a pretty halibut- and prawn-fishing port on a dark rock bay where visitors can sit in pubs sipping craft beers chill-filtered by 100,000-year-old glacial ice.
Itโs a place to be awed by the UNESCO World Heritage Icefjord where Manhattan skyscraper-sized icebergs disgorge from Greenlandโs icecap to float like ghostly ships in the surrounding Disko Bay.
Small boats take visitors out to sail closely among the bayโs magnificent iceberg flotilla. But not too close.
โI was on my boat once and saw one of these icebergs split in two. The pieces fell backwards into the sea and created a giant wave,โ said David Karlsen, skipper of the pleasure-boat, Katak. โโฆI didnโt hang around.โ
Disko Bayโs other giants are whales. From June to September breaching humpback whales join the likes of fin and minke whales feasting on plankton. Whale-watching is excellent all around Greenlandโs craggy coastline.
Whales are eaten here. Visitors shouldnโt be surprised to encounter the traditional Greenlandic delicacy of mattak โ whale-skin and blubber that when tasted is akin to chewing on rubber. Inuit communities have quotas to not only hunt the likes of narwhals but also polar bears, musk-ox and caribou โ which can also appear on menus.
Water and life
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Lightning is a dramatic display of electrical power, but it is also sporadic and unpredictable. Even on a volatile Earth billions of years ago, lightning may have been too infrequent to produce amino acids in quantities sufficient for life โ a fact that has cast doubt on such theories in the past, Zare said.
Water spray, however, would have been more common than lightning. A more likely scenario is that mist-generated microlightning constantly zapped amino acids into existence from pools and puddles, where the molecules could accumulate and form more complex molecules, eventually leading to the evolution of life.
โMicrodischarges between obviously charged water microdroplets make all the organic molecules observed previously in the Miller-Urey experiment,โ Zare said. โWe propose that this is a new mechanism for the prebiotic synthesis of molecules that constitute the building blocks of life.โ
However, even with the new findings about microlightning, questions remain about lifeโs origins, he added. While some scientists support the notion of electrically charged beginnings for lifeโs earliest building blocks, an alternative abiogenesis hypothesis proposes that Earthโs first amino acids were cooked up around hydrothermal vents on the seafloor, produced by a combination of seawater, hydrogen-rich fluids and extreme pressure.
Researchers identified salt minerals in the Bennu samples that were deposited as a result of brine evaporation from the asteroidโs parent body. In particular, they found a number of sodium salts, such as the needles of hydrated sodium carbonate highlighted in purple in this false-colored image โ salts that could easily have been compromised if the samples had been exposed to water in Earthโs atmosphere.
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Yet another hypothesis suggests that organic molecules didnโt originate on Earth at all. Rather, they formed in space and were carried here by comets or fragments of asteroids, a process known as panspermia.
โWe still donโt know the answer to this question,โ Zare said. โBut I think weโre closer to understanding something more about what could have happened.โ
Though the details of lifeโs origins on Earth may never be fully explained, โthis study provides another avenue for the formation of molecules crucial to the origin of life,โ Williams said. โWater is a ubiquitous aspect of our world, giving rise to the moniker โBlue Marbleโ to describe the Earth from space. Perhaps the falling of water, the most crucial element that sustains us, also played a greater role in the origin of life on Earth than we previously recognized.โ
Josh Giddey hits halfcourt buzzer-beater over LeBron James to cap wild finale as the Bulls stun the Lakers
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Josh Giddey hit a game-winning, halfcourt buzzer-beater over LeBron James as the Chicago Bulls stunned the Los Angeles Lakers in one of the wildest endings to an NBA game you are ever likely to see.
Trailing 115-110 with 12.6 seconds remaining, Giddeyโs inbound pass found Nikola Vucevic, who pushed the ball to a wide-open Patrick Williams for a corner three-pointer.
James then fluffed the Lakers inbound pass from the baseline, allowing Giddey to steal the ball and find Coby White for a second Bulls triple in quick succession to put Chicago up 116-115 with 6.1 seconds remaining.
Austin Reaves then made a driving layup to put the Lakers ahead 117-116 with 3.3 seconds left, but the game wasnโt done yet.
With no timeouts remaining, Giddey inbounded the ball to Williams from the baseline, got the pass back, took one dribble and launched a shot from beyond halfcourt.
Supporters in the stands seemed frozen in anticipation as the ball sailed through the air, and the United Center then erupted as it fell through the net. After the dramatic win, Giddey found himself being swarmed by his teammates.
โSpecial moment to do it with these guys, this team,โ Giddey said, per ESPN. โWeโve shown over the last month to six weeks that we can beat anybody. The way we play the game, I think it wears people down.
โWe get up and down. We run. We put heat on them to get back. A lot of veteran teams donโt particularly want to get back and play in transition.โ
Giddey later told the Bulls broadcast that heโd โnever made a game-winner before.โ
The ending capped an incredible couple of games for the Lakers, who had themselves won their last game against the Indiana Pacers on Wednesday with a buzzer-beating tip-in from James.
Curiosity has maintained pristine pieces of the Cumberland sample in a โdoggy bagโ so that the team could have the rover revisit it later, even miles away from the site where it was collected. The team developed and tested innovative methods in its lab on Earth before sending messages to the rover to try experiments on the sample.
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In a quest to see whether amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, existed in the sample, the team instructed the rover to heat up the sample twice within SAMโs oven. When it measured the mass of the molecules released during heating, there werenโt any amino acids, but they found something entirely unexpected.
An intriguing detection
The team was surprised to detect small amounts of decane, undecane and dodecane, so it had to conduct a reverse experiment on Earth to determine whether these organic compounds were the remnants of the fatty acids undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid and tridecanoic acid, respectively.
The scientists mixed undecanoic acid into a clay similar to what exists on Mars and heated it up in a way that mimicked conditions within SAMโs oven. The undecanoic acid released decane, just like what Curiosity detected.
Each fatty acid remnant detected by Curiosity was made with a long chain of 11 to 13 carbon atoms. Previous molecules detected on Mars were smaller, meaning their atomic weight was less than the molecules found in the new study, and simpler.
โItโs notable that non-biological processes typically make shorter fatty acids, with less than 12 carbons,โ said study coauthor Dr. Amy Williams, associate professor of geology at the University of Florida and assistant director of the Astraeus Space Institute, in an email. โLarger and more complex molecules are likely what are required for an origin of life, if it ever occurred on Mars.โ
Remote and rugged
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A more organic way to see this coast is by the multi-day coastal ferry, the long-running Sarfaq Ittuk, of the Arctic Umiaq Line. Itโs less corporate than the modern cruise ships and travelers get to meet Inuit commuters. Greenland is pricey. Lettuce in a local community store might cost $10, but this coastal voyage wonโt break the bank.
The hot ticket currently for exploring Greenlandโs wilder side is to head to the east coast facing Europe. Itโs raw and sees far fewer tourists, with a harshly dramatic coastline of fjords where icebergs drift south. There are no roads and the scattered population of just over 3,500 people inhabit a coastline roughly the distance from New York to Denver.
A growing number of small expedition vessels probe this remote coast for its frosted scenery and wildlife. Increasingly popular is the worldโs largest fjord system of Scoresby Sound with its sharp-fanged mountains and hanging valleys choked by glaciers. Sailing north is the prosaically named North East Greenland National Park, fabulous for spotting wildlife on the tundra.
Travelers come to see polar bears which, during the northern hemisphereโs summer, move closer to land as the sea-ice melts. There are also musk oxen, great flocks of migrating geese, Arctic foxes and walrus.
Some of these animals are fair game for the local communities. Perhaps Greenlandโs most interesting cultural visit is to a village that will take longer to learn how to pronounce than actually walk around โ Ittoqqortoormiit. Five hundred miles north of its neighboring settlement, the 345 locals are frozen in for nine months of the year. Ships sail in to meet them during the brief summer melt between June and August.
Locked in by ice, theyโve retained traditional habits.
โMy parents hunt nearly all their food,โ said Mette Barselajsen, who owns Ittoqqortoormiitโs only guesthouse. โThey prefer the old ways, burying it in the ground to ferment and preserve it. Just one muskox can bring 440 pounds of meat.โ
Wellness perfectionism doesnโt exist. Focus on these sustainable habits
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ouโre scrolling through your phone when you stumble upon the next viral trend: an influencer claiming that following their incredibly strict diet will help you achieve their jaw-dropping physique. Or you see a fresh-faced runner swearing you can run a marathon without any training โ just like they did.
Whether or not youโre actively searching for wellness advice, itโs nearly impossible to avoid hearing about the latest health craze making bold guarantees of transformation.
As you wonder if these claims hold any truth, you might also question why people often feel motivated to dive into intense challenges โ when seemingly simple habits, such as getting enough sleep or eating more vegetables, often feel much harder to tackle.
Many of us are drawn to these extreme challenges because weโre craving radical change, hoping it will help prove something to ourselves or to others, experts say.
โWe always see these kinds of challenges as opportunities for growth, particularly if weโre in a phase of our life where weโve let ourselves go,โ said Dr. Thomas Curran, associate professor of psychology at the London School of Economics and Political Science and an expert on perfectionism. โMaybe we feel that we need to be healthier, or we just had a breakup or (major) life event.โ
With social media amplifying these movements, itโs easy to see why people are increasingly drawn to the idea of achieving the โperfectโ version of themselves. But before jumping into a new wellness challenge, itโs important to take a moment, reflect on your goals, and consider where youโre starting from.
Tesla is bringing its electric cars to oil-rich Saudi Arabia amid falling global sales
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Tesla will start selling its electric vehicles in Saudi Arabia, entering the Gulf regionโs largest economy as the companyโs global sales are sliding and CEO Elon Musk courts controversy with his role in the US government.
The carmaker announced Wednesday that it would host a launch event in the kingdom on April 10, where it will showcase its EVs. Attendees will also have the chance to โexperience the future of autonomous driving with Cybercab and meet Optimus, our humanoid robot, as we showcase whatโs next in AI and robotics,โ Tesla (TSLA) said.
Tesla may struggle to gain market share in oil-rich Saudi Arabia as EVs make up a little over 1% of all car sales in the country, according to a report by consultancy PwC published in September.
Teslaโs entry into the new market comes as the company fights battles on several fronts.
Last year, it recorded the first annual decline in sales in its history as a public company, posting a drop of 1%.
The company is facing intensifying competition in China, the worldโs largest auto market. On Tuesday, BYD, a Chinese maker of electric and hybrid cars, reported $107 billion in annual sales for 2024, beating the near-$98 billion notched by Tesla.
And last week, BYD unveiled an ultra-fast charging system, which it said was capable of adding 250 miles (402 km) of range in just five minutes, easily outdoing Teslaโs charging technology. Teslaโs Superchargers take 15 minutes to charge an EV, providing a range of 200 miles.
Tesla has also suffered slumping sales in Europe. In February, the carmaker sold around 40% fewer vehicles on the continent compared with the same month in 2024, according to the European Automobile Manufacturersโ Association.
Challenging our perceptions of โperfectionโ
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With health influencers raising the bar for success, the wellness space now often feels like a performative space where people strive to showcase peak physical and mental strength.
While seeing othersโ achievements can be motivating, it can also be discouraging if your progress doesnโt match theirs.
Each person is chasing the perfect version of themselves โ whether itโs a body or a lifestyle โ which is dangerous because this is typically an impossible or dangerous version to achieve, Curran said. He added that this type of comparison creates a dangerous cycle in which people constantly feel dissatisfied with their own progress.
โItโs a fantasy in many ways, and once you start chasing after it, you constantly find yourself embroiled in a sense of doubt and deficit,โ he said.
Curran also noted that wellness challenges can be particularly damaging for women who struggle with perfectionism, as they tend to be bombarded with impossible beauty standards and societal expectations.
Renee McGregor, a UK-based dietitian who specializes in eating disorders and athlete performance, encourages people to approach wellness trends with curiosity and skepticism. Thatโs because some influencers and celebrities could be promoting products because thereโs a financial benefit for them.
โThe thing to ask yourself about the person youโre taking advice from is what do they gain from it?โ McGregor said. โIf they are going to gain financially, then you know that they (could be willing) to sell you a lie.โ
Whether you want to try a new challenge or product that promises amazing results, McGregor suggests doing your research and seeking diverse perspectives, including consulting with doctors when possible.
Curiosity rover makes โarguably the most exciting organic detection to date on Marsโ
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The NASA Curiosity rover has detected the largest organic molecules found to date on Mars, opening a window into the red planetโs past. The newly detected compounds suggest complex organic chemistry may have occurred in the planetโs past โ the kind necessary for the origin of life, according to new research.
The organic compounds, which include decane, undecane and dodecane, came to light after the rover analyzed a pulverized 3.7 billion-year-old rock sample using its onboard mini lab called SAM, short for Sample Analysis at Mars.
Scientists believe the long chains of molecules could be fragments of fatty acids, which are organic molecules that are chemical building blocks of life on Earth and help form cell membranes. But such compounds can also be formed without the presence of life, created when water interacts with minerals in hydrothermal vents.
The molecules cannot currently be confirmed as evidence of past life on the red planet, but they add to the growing list of compounds that robotic explorers have discovered on Mars in recent years. A study detailing the findings was published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The detection of the fragile molecules also encourages astrobiologists that if any biosignatures, or past signs of life, ever existed on Mars, they are likely still detectable despite the harsh solar radiation that has bombarded the planet for tens of millions of years.
โAncient life, if it happened on Mars, it would have released some complex and fragile molecules,โ said lead study author Dr. Caroline Freissinet, research scientist at the French National Centre for Scientific Research in the Laboratory for Atmospheres, Observations, and Space in Guyancourt, France. โAnd because now we know that Mars can preserve these complex and fragile molecules, it means that we could detect ancient life on Mars.โ
Scientists redid an experiment that showed how life on Earth could have started. They found a new possibility
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In the 1931 movie โFrankenstein,โ Dr. Henry Frankenstein howling his triumph was an electrifying moment in more ways than one. As massive bolts of lightning and energy crackled, Frankensteinโs monster stirred on a laboratory table, its corpse brought to life by the power of electricity.
Electrical energy may also have sparked the beginnings of life on Earth billions of years ago, though with a bit less scenery-chewing than that classic film scene.
Earth is around 4.5 billion years old, and the oldest direct fossil evidence of ancient life โ stromatolites, or microscopic organisms preserved in layers known as microbial mats โ is about 3.5 billion years old. However, some scientists suspect life originated even earlier, emerging from accumulated organic molecules in primitive bodies of water, a mixture sometimes referred to as primordial soup.
But where did that organic material come from in the first place? Researchers decades ago proposed that lightning caused chemical reactions in ancient Earthโs oceans and spontaneously produced the organic molecules.
Now, new research published March 14 in the journal Science Advances suggests that fizzes of barely visible โmicrolightning,โ generated between charged droplets of water mist, could have been potent enough to cook up amino acids from inorganic material. Amino acids โ organic molecules that combine to form proteins โ are lifeโs most basic building blocks and would have been the first step toward the evolution of life.
Why thereโs a huge collection of vintage cars stored in the middle of the desert
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Back at the turn of the 21st century, Qatar was a country with few cultural attractions to keep visitors and residents entertained. Yet the Sheikh Faisal Bin Qassim Al Thani Museum โ known as the FBQ Museum โ was a place that most people visited as an alternative to the then-still rather ramshackle National Museum of Qatar.
You had to make an appointment, and drive out into the desert, getting lost a few times along the way, but then you were welcomed to the lush Al Samriya Farm with a cup of tea and some cake. The highlight was being allowed into a space crammed full with shelves and vitrines holding all sorts of eclectic artifacts from swords to coins โ with the odd car and carriage standing in the grounds.
It wasnโt necessarily the kind of museum youโd find elsewhere in the world, but it was definitely a sight that needed seeing.
Today, it has grown and now claims to be one of the worldโs largest private museums. It holds over 30,000 items, including a fleet of traditional dhow sailboats, and countless carpets. Thereโs also an entire house that once stood in Damascus, Syria.
There are archaeological finds dating to the Jurassic age, ancient copies of the Quran, a section that details the importance of pearling within Qatarโs history, and jewelry dating to the 17th century.
There are also items from 2022โs FIFA World Cup in Qatar including replica trophies, balls used in the games, entry passes, football jerseys and even shelves full of slightly creepy dolls and childrenโs plush animals.
Some of the more disturbing exhibits include various items of Third Reich paraphernalia in the wartime room, and, strangely enough, several showcases of birdsโ legs with marking rings on them. Basically, whatever you can think of, you have a very good chance of finding it here.
Rumor even has it that behind a locked door is a room filled with the late Princess Dianaโs dresses and other memorabilia, accessible only to a select few visitors. Another door hides a room, no longer open to the public, filled with collectibles of the late Saddam Hussein.
Mist and microlightning
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To recreate a scenario that may have produced Earthโs first organic molecules, researchers built upon experiments from 1953 when American chemists Stanley Miller and Harold Urey concocted a gas mixture mimicking the atmosphere of ancient Earth. Miller and Urey combined ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), hydrogen (H2) and water, enclosed their โatmosphereโ inside a glass sphere and jolted it with electricity, producing simple amino acids containing carbon and nitrogen. The Miller-Urey experiment, as it is now known, supported the scientific theory of abiogenesis: that life could emerge from nonliving molecules.
For the new study, scientists revisited the 1953 experiments but directed their attention toward electrical activity on a smaller scale, said senior study author Dr. Richard Zare, the Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor of Natural Science and professor of chemistry at Stanford University in California. Zare and his colleagues looked at electricity exchange between charged water droplets measuring between 1 micron and 20 microns in diameter. (The width of a human hair is 100 microns.)
โThe big droplets are positively charged. The little droplets are negatively charged,โ Zare told CNN. โWhen droplets that have opposite charges are close together, electrons can jump from the negatively charged droplet to the positively charged droplet.โ
The researchers mixed ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen in a glass bulb, then sprayed the gases with water mist, using a high-speed camera to capture faint flashes of microlightning in the vapor. When they examined the bulbโs contents, they found organic molecules with carbon-nitrogen bonds. These included the amino acid glycine and uracil, a nucleotide base in RNA.
โWe discovered no new chemistry; we have actually reproduced all the chemistry that Miller and Urey did in 1953,โ Zare said. Nor did the team discover new physics, he added โ the experiments were based on known principles of electrostatics.
โWhat we have done, for the first time, is we have seen that little droplets, when theyโre formed from water, actually emit light and get this spark,โ Zare said. โThatโs new. And that spark causes all types of chemical transformations.โ
A tiny rainforest country is growing into a petrostate. A US oil company could reap the biggest rewards
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Guyanaโs destiny changed in 2015. US fossil fuel giant Exxon discovered nearly 11 billion barrels of oil in the deep water off the coast of this tiny, rainforested country.
It was one of the most spectacular oil discoveries of recent decades. By 2019, Exxon and its partners, US oil company Hess and China-headquartered CNOOC, had started producing the fossil fuel.? They now pump around 650,000 barrels of oil a day, with plans to more than double this to 1.3 million by 2027.
Guyana now has the worldโs highest expected oil production growth through 2035.
This country โ sandwiched between Brazil, Venezuela and Suriname โ has been hailed as a climate champion for the lush, well-preserved forests that carpet nearly 90% of its land. It is on the path to becoming a petrostate at the same time as the impacts of the fossil fuel-driven climate crisis escalate.
While the government says environmental protection and an oil industry can go hand-in-hand, and low-income countries must be allowed to exploit their own resources, critics say itโs a dangerous path in a warming world, and the benefits may ultimately skew toward Exxon โ not Guyana.
Siham Haleem, a private tour guide for 15 years, says that Doha now has many world-class, modern museums โ the National Museum of Qatar being a firm personal favorite. And yet he says that visiting Sheikh Faisalโs museum should still be on everybodyโs to-do list.
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โFor those eager to learn about Qatarโs โ and the regionโs โ heritage and beyond, the museum is an ideal destination,โ he says. โPersonally, Iโm captivated by the car collection, the fossils, and especially the Syrian house, painstakingly transported and reassembled piece by piece.โ
Stephanie Y. Martinez, a Mexican-American student mobility manager at Texas A&M University in Qatar likes the museum so much she includes it on all of her itineraries for students visiting from the main campus in Texas.
โThe guided tours are very detailed, and the collections found at the museum have great variety and so many stories to unfold,โ she says. โTruly, the museum has something to pique everyoneโs interest. My favorites are the cars and the furniture exhibits showcasing wood and mother-of-pearl details. Definitely one of my favorite museums in Qatar, every time I visit I learn something new.โ
Raynor Abreu, from India, also had praise for the unusual and immense collection.
โEach item has its own story, making the visit even more interesting,โ he says. โItโs also impressive to know that Sheikh Faisal started collecting these unique pieces when he was very young. Knowing this makes the museum even more special, as it reflects his lifelong passion for history and culture.โ
It takes time and dedication to truly examine the many collections within the museum โ especially since most of them are simply on display without explanation.
Eclectic it may be, but itโs hard to fault the determination of Sheikh Faisal, who has brought together items that tell the story of Qatar and the Middle East.
Sarah Bayley, from the UK, says she visited the museum recently with her family, including 16 and 19-year-old teenagers, and was won over by its sheer eccentricity.
โAmazing. Loved it. It is a crazy place.โ
Family affair
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Americans Brittany and Blake Bowen had never even been to Ecuador when in 2021 they decided to move to the South American country with their four children.
Tired of โlong commutes and never enough moneyโ in the US, the Bowens say they love their new Ecuadorian life. โWe hope that maybe weโll have grandkids here one day.โ
Erik and Erin Eagleman moved to Switzerland from Wisconsin with their three children in 2023.
โIt feels safe here,โ they tell CNN of their new outdoorsy lifestyle in Basel, close to the borders with France and Germany. Their youngest daughter even walks to elementary school by herself.
For adventures with your own family, be it weekend breaks or something longer-term, our partners at CNN Underscored, a product review and recommendations guide owned by CNN, have this roundup of the best kidsโ luggage sets and bags.
Starry, starry nights
For close to 100 years, Michelin stars have been a sign of culinary excellence, awarded only to the great and good.
Georges Blanc, the worldโs longest-standing Michelin-starred restaurant, has boasted a three-star rating since 1981, but this month the Michelin guide announced that the restaurant in eastern France was losing a star.
More culinary reputations were enhanced this week, when Asiaโs 50 best restaurants for 2025 were revealed. The winner was a Bangkok restaurant which is no stranger to garlands, while second and third place went to two Hong Kong eateries.
You donโt need to go to a heaving metropolis for excellent food, however. A 200-year-old cottage on a remote stretch of Irelandโs Atlantic coast has been given a Michelin star. At the time of awarding, Michelin called it โsurely the most ruralโ of its newest winners.
New design revealed for Airbus hydrogen plane
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In travel news this week: Bhutanโs spectacular new airport, the worldโs first 3D-printed train station has been built in Japan, plus new designs for Airbusโ zero-emission aircraft and Franceโs next-generation high-speed trains.
Grand designs
European aerospace giant Airbus has revealed a new design for its upcoming fully electric, hydrogen-powered ZEROe aircraft. powered by hydrogen fuel cells.
The single-aisle plane now has four engines, rather than six, each powered by their own fuel cell stack.
The reworked design comes after the news that the ZEROe will be in our skies later than Airbus hoped.
The plan was to launch a zero-emission aircraft by 2035, but now the next-generation single-aisle aircraft is slated to enter service in the second half of the 2030s.
Over in Asia, the Himalayan country of Bhutan is building a gloriously Zen-like new airport befitting a nation with its very own happiness index.
Gelephu International is designed to serve a brand new โmindfulness city,โ planned for southern Bhutan, near its border with India.
In rail travel, Japan has just built the worldโs first 3D-printed train station, which took just two and a half hours to construct, according to The Japan Times. Thatโs even shorter than the whizzy six hours it was projected to take.
Franceโs high-speed TGV rail service has revealed its next generation of trains, which will be capable of reaching speeds of up to 320 kilometers an hour (nearly 200 mph).
The stylish interiors have been causing a stir online, as has the double-decker dining car.
Finally, work is underway in London on turning a mile-long series of secret World War II tunnels under a tube station into a major new tourist attraction. CNN took a look inside.
Greenlandโs leader says US officialsโ visit is โhighly aggressive.โ Trump says itโs โfriendliness, not provocationโ
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Greenlandโs prime minister said a planned visit to the island by US officials, including second lady Usha Vance, is โhighly aggressive,โ plunging relations to a new low after President Donald Trump vowed to annex the autonomous Danish territory.
But despite the backlash, Trump has insisted the visit is about โfriendliness, not provocationโ โ and claims the US team was โinvited.โ
Vance, the wife of US Vice President JD Vance, will travel to Greenland this week to watch the islandโs national dogsled race and โcelebrate Greenlandic culture and unity,โ according to a statement from the White House. National security adviser Mike Waltz is also expected to visit the territory this week, according to a source familiar with the trip.
Greenland Prime Minister Mute B. Egede called the US delegationโs trip to the island โhighly aggressiveโ in an interview with Greenlandic newspaper Sermitsiaq on Sunday, and raised particular objection to Waltzโs visit.
โWhat is the national security adviser doing in Greenland? The only purpose is to demonstrate power over us,โ Egede said. โHis mere presence in Greenland will no doubt fuel American belief in Trumpโs mission โ and the pressure will increase.โ
Trump claimed on Monday that people in Greenland have responded warmly to the USโs recent interest in the territory. โTheyโre calling us. Weโre not calling them. And we were invited over there,โ he said.
โWeโre dealing with a lot of people from Greenland that would like to see something happen with respect to them being properly protected and properly taken care of,โ Trump told reporters following a meeting with his Cabinet.
โI think Greenland is going to be something that maybe is in our future,โ Trump added.
The president said he believes Secretary of State Marco Rubio would be traveling to Greenland too.
Trumpโs idea to annex Greenland has thrown an international spotlight on the territory, which holds vast stores of rare earth minerals critical for high-tech industries, and has raised questions about the islandโs future security as the US, Russia and China vie for influence in the Arctic. Trump has repeatedly expressed interest in the US taking the island by force or economic coercion, even as Denmark and Greenland have firmly rejected the idea.
ะฏ ั ะพัะตะป ะฑั ะฒััะฐะทะธัั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐัะตะปัะฝะพััั ะฐะฒัะพัั ะทะฐ ะตะณะพ ะณะปัะฑะพะบะพะต ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ัะตะผั ะธ ะตะณะพ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะน ะตะต ะฟะพะปะฝะพัะต. ะฏ ะฟะพ-ะฝะฐััะพััะตะผั ะฝะฐัะปะฐะดะธะปัั ััะพะน ััะฐััะตะน ะธ ัะทะฝะฐะป ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะฝะพะฒะพะณะพ!
Mindful wellness challenges
If youโre the type of person who thrives on challenges and pushing your limits, this doesnโt mean you need to shy away from wellness challenges altogether. But before diving in, take a step back and ask yourself if youโre pursuing the challenge for the right reasons, McGregor said.
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Some people want to try these challenges because they believe something is missing from their life, and theyโre looking to attain โworthโ or receive validation, McGregor noted.
A good way to assess your motivation is by considering whether the challenge will benefit your health or if itโs about showcasing your accomplishments on social media or some other reason.
Before trying any new trend, make sure you have the foundation to handle it and be aware of any potential risks, McGregor said.
For casual runners, this might mean signing up for a 5K but building your endurance gradually while incorporating other strength training exercises into your routine. For more intense challenges, such as a marathon, McGregor encourages people to consult with professionals or a coach who can monitor your progress and condition along the way.
Focusing on sustainable habits
Both McGregor and Curran emphasize the importance of fostering sustainable health habits before embarking on more extreme challenges.
Rather than chasing the idea of being โhealthy,โ McGregor suggests focusing on actual healthful behaviors and starting small.
If youโre a highly sedentary person and want to add more movement to your day, try doing lunges while brushing your teeth or taking short walks throughout your typical routine.
Of course, he said yes to coming back to the series, which eventually required him to live in Italy for a few months for filming.
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During production, White revealed to Gries that Greg is โvery sinister.โ That became rather irrefutable by the seasonโs climax, which saw Tanyaโs demise orchestrated by her now-husband.
Come Season 3, Gries had to rewrite Gregโs backstory again, this time drawing from some unlikely sources for inspiration, like HBO docuseries โThe Jinx,โ about late convicted killer Robert Durst, and the case involving the man who came to be known as the Tinder Swindler.
Gries said he was struck by Durstโs โkind of seemingly even keel personality,โ which served as a model for where Greg was headed, someone โwho doesnโt really show a great deal of emotion, doesnโt seem to get too angry, just gets a little bit irritated and is dangerous.โ
โThereโs a bridled rage underneath. And those kind of people I find โ at least with respect to Gary, Greg, Gary โ fascinating,โ he said.
And yet, while searching for an empathetic way back to portraying his character, Gries kept wondering if there was anything still redeeming about Greg.
An important โwake up momentโ came during a decisive conversation he had with White just before filming in Thailand, in which the showโs creator said of Greg, in no uncertain terms: โHeโs a psychopath.โ
โAnd that was it. It was like, โback to the drawing board.โ And it really did help me,โ Gries said.
The penultimate episode of the series will air on Sunday, an evening that thanks to โLotusโ and other shows has again become a night of appointment viewing amid a general move away from binge watching. Gries said he appreciates the shift.
โWeโre a society that in a weird way doesnโt understand the beauty of waiting. The beauty of the space between the notes,โ he shared. โIf I binged (โWhite Lotusโ) Iโd feel like I just ate too many chocolates. It just wouldnโt be the same. You need to process this.โ
โThe White Lotusโ airs Sundays at 9 p.m. EDT on HBO, with the episode available to stream on Max. HBO and Max, like CNN, are owned by the same parent company, Warner Bros. Discovery.
โWhite Lotusโ villain Jon Gries reveals the true crimes that inspired his twisty take on Greg/Gary
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When Season 3 of โThe White Lotusโ premiered last month, the shock was palpable when returning character Belinda recognized a familiar face at the resort in Thailand: Greg Hunt, the wily suitor of the late Tanya McQuoid.
As the season has unfolded, Greg (played by Jon Gries) has emerged as an antagonist, particularly after Belinda dove into the investigation surrounding Tanyaโs death and learned that Greg, who now goes by Gary, evaded questioning by authorities.
On a show famous for reinventing itself, the same has been asked of the actor, who says that playing the ever-shifting character has been a welcome challenge and, like โWhite Lotusโ itself, full of twists.
โIn the beginning, I totally played him for a guy who was, you know, on his last legs,โ Gries said in a recent interview with CNN, referencing Gregโs very apparent ill health in the first season of โWhite Lotus,โ which premiered to rave reviews in summer 2021. He added: โWhen you play a character, you want to find his empathetic side, and you want to understand where they came from, and what got them to where they are.โ
But when he was contacted by creator Mike White about appearing in Season 2, Gries realized he would have to adjust his framing of Greg, despite having previously imagined a โcomprehensive historyโ for him on his own.
โ(White) said, โIโm writing it right now, and Iโm writing you, and I just need to know here and now: If youโre in, Iโll continue writing. If not, Iโll stop,โโ Gries recalled.
The voice of โWhite Lotusโ star Walton Goggins is the lullaby we didnโt know we needed
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While his โWhite Lotusโ character Rick has been the source of some stress this season, Walton Goggins is here to soothe us into a state of dreamy sleep to make up for it.
The actor has partnered with relaxation and meditation app Calm for one of their famed Sleep Stories, lending his smoky voice to a fable titled โThe Yard Sale.โ
Goggins announced the Sleep Story on his verified Instagram on Tuesday, writing, โA friend once said to me the first question you ask someone shouldnโt be, โHow are you?โ but rather, โHow did you sleep last night?โ I agree.โ
The post included an excerpt from the story, in which Goggins is heard languidly instructing listeners to relax their bodies and get into bed. โYou could even climb into a hammock,โ he added. โI wouldnโt do that because Iโve never gracefully got in or out of one.โ
In the caption, the actor also wrote that he โwanted to create a Sleep Story that feels dreamlike, helping people slow their minds down by wandering through a yard sale (which happens to be one of my favorite things to do), uncovering hidden treasures.โ
โItโs the Walton Goggins version of counting sheep. I hope you enjoy,โ he added.
Other celebrities who have read bedtime stories in the hopes of putting audiences to sleep include Dolly Parton and the late Jimmy Stewart, whose voice was featured in a Calm Christmas Sleep Story in 2023 thanks to generative AI technology.
Goggins currently stars on โThe White Lotus,โ where his character is often the most stressed out and tortured of the ensemble, at one point setting a slew of snakes free.
A tiny rainforest country is growing into a petrostate. A US oil company could reap the biggest rewards
kyberswap
Guyanaโs destiny changed in 2015. US fossil fuel giant Exxon discovered nearly 11 billion barrels of oil in the deep water off the coast of this tiny, rainforested country.
It was one of the most spectacular oil discoveries of recent decades. By 2019, Exxon and its partners, US oil company Hess and China-headquartered CNOOC, had started producing the fossil fuel.? They now pump around 650,000 barrels of oil a day, with plans to more than double this to 1.3 million by 2027.
Guyana now has the worldโs highest expected oil production growth through 2035.
This country โ sandwiched between Brazil, Venezuela and Suriname โ has been hailed as a climate champion for the lush, well-preserved forests that carpet nearly 90% of its land. It is on the path to becoming a petrostate at the same time as the impacts of the fossil fuel-driven climate crisis escalate.
While the government says environmental protection and an oil industry can go hand-in-hand, and low-income countries must be allowed to exploit their own resources, critics say itโs a dangerous path in a warming world, and the benefits may ultimately skew toward Exxon โ not Guyana.
Since Exxonโs transformative discovery, Guyanaโs government has tightly embraced oil as a route to prosperity. In December 2019, then-President David Granger said in a speech, โpetroleum resources will be utilized to provide the good life for all โฆ Every Guyanese will benefit.โ
Itโs a narrative that has continued under current President Mohamed Irfaan Ali, who says new oil wealth will allow Guyana to develop better infrastructure, healthcare and climate adaptation.
โYou have a government that is reckless about what is going to happen to Guyana,โ said Melinda Janki, an international lawyer in Guyana who is handling several lawsuits against Exxon. Itโs pursuing โa supposed course of development that is actually backward and destructive,โ she told CNN.
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And while plenty of Guyanese people welcome the new oil industry, some say Guyanaโs startling economic statistics do not reflect a real-world prosperity for ordinary people, many of whom are struggling with the higher prices accompanying the oil boom. Inflation rose 6.6% in 2023, with prices of some foods shooting up much more rapidly.
โSince the oil extraction began in Guyana, we have noticed that our cost of living has gone sky high,โ said Wintress White, of Red Thread, a non-profit that focuses on improving living conditions for Guyanese women. โThe money is not trickling down to the masses,โ she told CNN.
CNN contacted President Ali, the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Finance for comment but received no response.
Guyana, a former Dutch then British colony which gained independence in 1966, is one of only a handful of countries that is a โcarbon sink,โ meaning it stores more planet-heating pollution than it produces. This is due to its vast rainforest; trees remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow.
The country has protected its biodiversity where others have destroyed theirs, President Ali said in a BBC interview last year. In 2009, the country signed an agreement with Norway, which promised Guyana more than $250 million to preserve its 18.5 million hectares, or nearly 46 million acres, of forests.
Ali insists the country can balance climate leadership and fossil fuel exploitation. The new oil wealth will allow Guayana to develop, including building climate adaptations such as sea walls, he has said. He has also pointed to the continued failures of wealthy countries, already grown rich on their own fossil fuels, to help poorer countries with climate finance.
But there are concerns Guyana could fall victim to the โresource curse,โ in which vast, new wealth ?can actually make life worse for those who live there.
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Equipos de equilibrado: esencial para el funcionamiento fluido y eficiente de las maquinarias.
En el entorno de la innovacion avanzada, donde la productividad y la confiabilidad del aparato son de gran trascendencia, los aparatos de ajuste tienen un tarea vital. Estos aparatos especificos estan desarrollados para equilibrar y estabilizar elementos dinamicas, ya sea en dispositivos de fabrica, automoviles de transporte o incluso en aparatos de uso diario.
Para los especialistas en soporte de sistemas y los profesionales, trabajar con aparatos de balanceo es importante para garantizar el desempeno fluido y estable de cualquier mecanismo dinamico. Gracias a estas alternativas avanzadas modernas, es posible disminuir notablemente las movimientos, el zumbido y la tension sobre los sujeciones, prolongando la duracion de componentes caros.
Tambien importante es el papel que cumplen los equipos de ajuste en la soporte al usuario. El asistencia experto y el mantenimiento permanente utilizando estos sistemas permiten ofrecer prestaciones de alta estandar, mejorando la satisfaccion de los consumidores.
Para los propietarios de negocios, la financiamiento en equipos de calibracion y medidores puede ser fundamental para optimizar la productividad y productividad de sus equipos. Esto es particularmente trascendental para los emprendedores que gestionan medianas y intermedias emprendimientos, donde cada aspecto importa.
Tambien, los equipos de calibracion tienen una gran aplicacion en el area de la prevencion y el control de nivel. Facilitan identificar eventuales errores, previniendo reparaciones elevadas y perjuicios a los aparatos. Incluso, los datos generados de estos equipos pueden aplicarse para perfeccionar procedimientos y incrementar la visibilidad en motores de busqueda.
Las areas de implementacion de los equipos de ajuste comprenden numerosas ramas, desde la fabricacion de bicicletas hasta el supervision de la naturaleza. No afecta si se trata de enormes fabricaciones manufactureras o pequenos locales hogarenos, los equipos de equilibrado son esenciales para garantizar un operacion efectivo y sin presencia de detenciones.
โWe donโt want the American Dream for our kidsโ: Why this couple left the US for Ecuador with their children four years ago
ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั ั ะฒัะนััะบะพะฒะธั ัะฟัะฐะฒะฐั ะะฐะฟะพััะถะถั ะฟัะธะทะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐ
Theyโd never even visited Ecuador before, but Brittany and Blake Bowen, from the United States, decided to move to the South American country in 2021 to give their four children a completely different upbringing.
The Bowens, who were previously based in the state of Washington, have been living in Loja, a small city based in the southern section of the Andes Mountains, ever since, and say that they are in it for the long haul.
โWe love this little country,โ Brittany tells CNN Travel. โWe hope that maybe weโll have grandkids here one day.โ
Before the move, the couple, whoโve been married for nearly 17 years, say that they were becoming increasingly concerned about the pressures placed on children by โmodern American societyโ and wanted to try something new.
โWe did not like what weโd seen develop over the course of the last couple decadesโฆโ adds Brittany, explaining that they felt that young people in the United States were becoming โmore isolated.โ
โWe werenโt confident that our kids would enjoy the same sort of potential trajectory that previous generations had shared.
โAnd the more we considered things like that, the more we wondered, โIs that even what we want? Do we even want them to be on a fast track to the American Dream?โ
The couple were also frustrated with living what they describe as the โstandard American life.โ
โLong commutes and never enough money,โ says Blake. โAll those usual problemsโฆ I was working in a career that was very time consuming, and took me away from home a lot. So we didnโt want that anymore.โ
So why did they choose Ecuador as their โnew homeโ?
Critics say this power imbalance is clear in the 2016 contract Guyana signed with Exxon. Under the agreement, Exxon keeps 75% of everything it makes from its oil operations in Guyana, with the remaining 25% shared equally between the company and the government, which also takes a 2% royalty.
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โIt was a bad deal,โ Ali said in the BBC interview, but he has rejected the idea of unilaterally changing the agreement, which was signed by the previous government. He says the next contract with Exxon will be on different terms.
An Exxon spokesperson said the contract is โglobally competitive for countries at a similar stage of explorationโ and said Guyana is averaging $1 billion a year in โoil profits.โ
Exxon has also faced a number of lawsuits over its potential environmental impact, many filed by Melinda Janki, a Guyanese international lawyer, who drafted the countryโs Environmental Protection Act back in the 1990s.
A big victory for Guyanaโs people and environment came in 2023, when the court ruled Exxon should have unlimited liability for the costs of any oil spill. Exxon has since appealed the ruling and has posted a $2 billion guarantee while it awaits the appeal outcome.
Exxon said this commitment supplements โits robust balance sheets โฆ and the insurance policies they already had in place.โ Janki says this isnโt enough. Offshore oil spills can be extremely expensive to deal with, the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill cost nearly $70 billion to clean up.
The push and pull between those who say oil offers Guyana a brighter future and those who fear the industryโs impact will continue.
Exxon said itโs had a positive impact on the country, including employing more than 6,200 people, investing more than $2 billion with local Guyanese businesses since 2015 and spending more than $43 million on community projects.
Tyler OโNeill hits record-extending sixth straight Opening Day home run
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For six seasons in a row, Tyler OโNeill has homered on MLB Opening Day.
Making his debut for the Baltimore Orioles on Thursday, OโNeill started the season with his record-extending sixth straight home run on Opening Day during his teamโs 12-2 win against the Toronto Blue Jays.
No other player has homered on more than four consecutive Opening Days, with the 29-year-old outfielderโs three-run shot sending the Orioles into a 5-0 lead at the top of the third at Rogers Centre.
Todd Hundley (1994-97), Gary Carter (1977-80) and Yogi Berra (1955-58) all hit four consecutive home runs on Opening Day, while the Major League Baseball record for the total number of Opening Day home runs is held jointly by Adam Dunn, Ken Griffey Jr. and Frank Robinson on eight.
โIโm just not trying to make too much of it,โ OโNeill told reporters about his streak. โIโm just trying to go out, have a good first at-bat and see what the game gives me from there.
โObviously, I understand whatโs going on, but itโs not like Iโm going out there trying to do anything crazy.โ
OโNeill, who signed a three-year, $49.5 million contract to join Baltimore from the Boston Red Sox in the offseason, finished three-for-three with three RBIs and two walks against the Blue Jays.
โItโs a little different when the lights turn on and youโve got to show up, so it was really cool to see all the guys show up today,โ he said. โWe got after it out there.โ
While the first two games of the MLB regular season took place between the Chicago Cubs and Los Angeles Dodgers in Tokyo last week, Thursday marked the first official day of the season in the United States.
Aged 15, New Zealander Sam Ruthe has already run a four-minute mile. He would โlove to try and qualifyโ for the 2028 Olympics
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Sam Ruthe had the eyes of thousands on him when he stepped onto a running track in Auckland just over a week ago.
Undaunted by the occasion, Ruthe went on to become the first 15-year-old to run a sub-four-minute mile, even managing a nonchalant shrug of the shoulders as he crossed the finish line.
The race was almost entirely engineered for the high school student to break the fabled four-minute barrier โ a feat first achieved by Roger Bannister more than 70 years ago โ but the weight of running history was a burden that Ruthe seemed to bear lightly.
The first three laps, he later said in a video documenting the race, โfelt pretty comfortable โ nothing too crazy.โ
Perhaps the most intimidating part of his achievement occurred when Ruthe returned to school the next day, only to be immediately called into the principalโs office.
โHeโs like, โAlright, so youโre gonna have to go up on stage and weโll get the whole school to clap you,โโ Ruthe tells CNN Sportsโ Patrick Snell. โIt was really scary, actually. I headed into class and everyone thought I was famous.โ
Itโs easy to forget, given his history-making performance last week, that Ruthe is like most other 15-year-olds in New Zealand. He goes to school, spends time with his friends, and helps with chores around the house.
He also just happens to be one of the most exciting middle-distance runners on the planet, one of the latest star athletes to emerge from sports-mad New Zealand.
โEvery morning I come downstairs and heโs already done the dishwasher, heโs already packed his lunch, and heโs ready to go,โ Rutheโs father, Ben, tells CNN Sports.
โHeโs just a disciplined kid. He goes to bed early, he looks after himself, he eats well, he looks after his sister. Heโs just a good kid around the house in all ways, really. Weโre very lucky.โ
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Ruthe is next due to compete in the 1,500 meters at the Maurie Plant Meet in Melbourne on Saturday, and one target time to aim for will be his dadโs fastest time of 3:41.22 โ three hundredths of a second faster than Rutheโs current personal best.
But he still has a way to go before he can call himself the most decorated runner in his family. Dad Ben and mom Jess are both former national champions who represented New Zealand on the world stage, while his maternal grandparents won European championship medals for Great Britain.
His grandmother, Rosemary Stirling, arguably had the most impressive achievement: an 800m Commonwealth Games title from 1970.
Despite his family pedigree, Ruthe was never under any pressure to take running seriously. His parents, in fact, didnโt allow him or his sister Daisy to train at all until they were 13, never wanting their identities to be tied solely to running.
โIt feels like itโs the right decision about now,โ says Ben.
But as he gradually starts to realize his potential, Ruthe, when pushed, admits to having big goals in the sport.
โIf I had to pick one thing, definitely Olympic gold,โ he says. โI feel like thatโs most runnersโ dream and the biggest thing you can actually win. So thatโll definitely be the top of my bucket list.โ
The 2032 Olympics in Brisbane, Ruthe adds, would be a nice target. And as for the Los Angeles Games in three yearsโ time? โIโd actually love to try and qualify for LA 28,โ he says. โI feel like thatโll be a tough goal. But if I do that, Iโll be really happy.โ
Already, Rutheโs name is being mentioned in the same breath as Norwayโs Jakob Ingebrigtsen, the most successful middle-distance of this generation. It was his record as the youngest-ever four-minute miler that Ruthe took last week, and the New Zealander also beat Ingebrigtsenโs 1,500m record for a 15-year-old earlier this year.
Ingebrigtsenโs success, Ruthe says, has given him hope that he too can โhave a good futureโ in the sport. But his biggest source of motivation comes not from the two-time Olympic champion, but from those closest to him โ his training group led by coach Craig Kirkwood and athlete Sam Tanner.
The pair were instrumental in Rutheโs recent mile time of 3:58.35, and it was five-time national champion Tanner who paced him perfectly around four laps of the track on his way to the record.
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ะขะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ «ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด» – «ะะตัะผะตั» – «ะะตัั ะะตะน» ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตั ัะฒะพั ะบัะพะฒะฐะฒัั ะถะฐัะฒั – ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะผะฐััะฐ ัะผะตั ะพั ัะฐะบะฐ, ะฑััััะพ ัะฟัะพะณัะตััะธัะพะฒะฐะฒัะตะณะพ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัััะตััะฐ, ะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะกะพะฒะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ «ะะตัั ะะตะน», ะดะตะฟััะฐั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั VII ัะพะทัะฒะฐ ะกะตัะณะตะน ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธั ะัััะตะบ. ะะพะปัะพัะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ัะผะตัะปะฐ ะถะตะฝะฐ ะกะตัะณะตั ะัััะตะบะฐ – ัะตัะดัะต ะฝะต ะฒัะดะตัะถะฐะปะพ ะฟะพัะปะต ะพะฑััะบะพะฒ ั ะฝะธั ะดะพะผะฐ ะธ ะดะพะฟัะพัะพะฒ ะผัะถะฐ. ะกัะด ะฝะธ ะบ ัะตะผั ะฝะต ะฒะตะดะตั ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะดะตะนััะฒะพะฒะฐะปะพ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะถะตััะบะพ. ะั ะพะฑััะบะพะฒ ั ะฟัะธัััะฐััะธะตะผ ะฒ 2023 ะณะพะดั ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะปะธ ัะพัะฝะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะฝะฐ ัะบะฐะผัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฝะธ ะฒ ัะตะผ ะฝะตะฟะพะฒะธะฝะฝัะต ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ – ะฟะพะผะพัะฝะธะบ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั, ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะฑัั ะณะฐะปัะตัะพะฒ, ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะตั ัะฐะนัะฐ ะธ ะบะพะฝัะตัะตะฝัะธะน, ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะตะน, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต 83-ะปะตัะฝะธะน ะพัะตั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ «ะะตัั ะะตะน» ะธ ะฑัะฒัะตะณะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ «ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะณัะด» ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ – ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตั ะะธะบัะพั ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. ะะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะดะพะฟัะฐัะธะฒะฐะฒัะธั ัั – ะจะฐะผะธะปั ะคะฐั ััะปะปะธะฝ, ัะผะตั ะฟะพัะปะต ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะพั ัะตัะดะตัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะธัััะฟะฐ, ะฒ ะบัะธัะธัะตัะบะพะผ ัะพััะพัะฝะธะธ ะฟะพัะปะต 12-ัะฐัะพะฒะพะณะพ ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะะพั ะกะตะผะตะฝะพะฒะฐ, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต ัะฒะพะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั, ะดะฐะฝะฝัะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั (ัะฐะบะธั ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณัะธั – ะดะตัััะบะธ). ะะฐะผะฐ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะะฐัะธัะฐ ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะพะฒะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ััะพะปะบะฝัะปะฐัั ั ะฝะฐััะพััะธะผะธ ะฟััะบะฐะผะธ – ัะฒะธะฒัะธัั ะบ ะฝะตะน ะฒ ะฟััั ัััะฐ, ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะธะบะธ ะทะฐััะฐะฒะธะปะธ ะตะต ะฟะตัะตะพะดะตะฒะฐัััั ะฟัะธ ะฝะธั , ัะฐะทะดะตะฒัะธัั ะดะพะณะพะปะฐ, ะฐ ะฒ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ ะตะต ะฝะฐ ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัะฐัะพะฒ ะฟะพัะฐะดะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ัััะป ัะพ ัะปะพะผะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะฝะพะถะบะพะน ะธ ะฝะต ะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะฟะธัั. ะะฝะฐ ะฟะพัะตััะปะฐ ัะพะทะฝะฐะฝะธะต, ะธ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพัะปะต ััะพะณะพ ะตะน ัะดะฐะปะพัั ะฒัะนัะธ ะธะท ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะกะปััะฐะตะฒ ะธะทะดะตะฒะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ะธ ะฟััะพะบ ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฒ ััะดะต, ะบะพัะพััะน ะธะดะตั ั ะบะพะฝัะฐ ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะดะตะปะพ ะพัะบัะพะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ัะฐะทะฒะฐะปะธะฒะฐะตััั – ั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ัะฒะพะธั ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะน, ะพะฝะธ ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ะฟะตัะตะบัะตััะฝัั ะดะพะฟัะพัะพะฒ ะพะดะธะฝ ะทะฐ ะดััะณะธะผ ะฟะพะฟะฐะดะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะปะถะธ. ะะฐ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะต ััะดั ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ะฒัะต ะผะตะฝััะต ะธ ะผะตะฝััะต ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั – ะฟะพะด ัะฐะทะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะพะณะฐะผะธ ะพะฝะธ ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัััั, ััะพะฑั ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ะปะถะธะฒัั ะฒะตััะธั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฑะตะท ะฒะธะฝั ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฐััั ะกะตัะณะตะน ะัััะตะบ ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะธะป ะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะธะน ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ – 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตั ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐั ัััะฐะฝั – ะฒะตัะฝะพะน 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฒ ะฟะตัะธะพะด ะพัััะพะณะพ ะบัะธะทะธัะฐ, ะฟะพัะปะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ััะพ ะฟัะพัะตะดัะตะณะพ ะฟะตัะฒะพะณะพ ะพะฑััะบะฐ ะฒ ะพัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะฑัะปะธ ะธะทัััั ะฒัั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐัะธั, ะฑะฐะทั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั , ัะตัะฒะตัั, ะดะฐะถะต ะปะธัะฝัะต ะฒะตัะธ ะธ ัััะดะพะฒัะต ะบะฝะธะถะบะธ ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะพะฒ (ะธ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะตะฝะพ: ะฒัะต ััะตัะฝัะต ะทะฐะฟะธัะธ ะฟัะธัะปะพัั ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐัั ั ะฝัะปั). ะะฝ ะธ ัะฐะผ ััะฐะป ะถะตััะฒะพะน ะพะฑััะบะพะฒ ะฒ ัะฒะพะตะผ ะฟะพะดะผะพัะบะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต – ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ะบะพัะพััั ะฑัะปะฐ ะธะทัััะฐ ะธ ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะตะฝะฐ ะบะพะปะปะตะบัะธั ะฝะฐะณัะฐะด. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั «ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต» ะฟะพ ัััะฐะฝะฝะพะผั ััะตัะตะฝะธั ะพะฑััะพััะตะปัััะฒ – ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ะพะฑััะฒะปะตะฝ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะตะน, ะฐััะธะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ั ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน «ะะตัะผะตั», ะฐ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะพัะฒะตัะธัั ะฟะพ ะตะต ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐะผ – ั ะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะฑัะป ัะฒัะทะฐะฝ ั «ะะตัะผะตัะพะผ» ะฝะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะพะฝะฝะพ, ะฝะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพ: ะธะผะตะป ัะพะปัะบะพ ะพะฑััั ัะธััะตะผั ะฟัะพะดะฐะถ ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ัะตัะตะท ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ัะธัะผั «ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด». ะฃ «ะะตัะผะตัะฐ» ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะปะธ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะฐะผะธ ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะผ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ะฟะพัะปะต ะฒะทะปะพะผะฐ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ัะตะณะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ัะธััะตะผะฝัะผ ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะพัะพะผ ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะตะผ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ – ัะธััะตะผะฐ ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟะตัะตััะฐะปะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั, ะธ ะฟะพัะฒะธะปะฐัั ะบะฐััะธะฝะบะฐ ั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะตะผ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั. ะขะพะปัะบะพ ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะธะปะธัั ะฝะต ะดะพ ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ะฐ ะฟะพัะปะต ะฝะธั . ะะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะปะฐ ัะธััะฐัะธั ัะพ ะกะะ ะธ ัะฐะฝะบัะธัะผะธ ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฐ, ะบัะฐะนะฝะต ะทะฐัััะดะฝะธะฒัะฐั ััะฐะฝัะณัะฐะฝะธัะฝัะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะต ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ. ะะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ «ะะตัั ะะตะน» ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฒัะฟะปะฐั ะฝะต ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะฐะป, ะพะฝ ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต, ะฒัะต ะตะณะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะ ะดะฐะถะต ะตัะปะธ ััะตััั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะบ ะฝะตะผั ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะปะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั, ัะพ ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะธัะธะฝ ะดะปั ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ: ัะพะฒะพะบัะฟะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะฒ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะผ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะธ – 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธัะพะผ ััะพ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ – ะฑะพะปะตะต 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน. ะญัะฐ ััะผะผะฐ ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ัะฒะตะปะธัะธะฒะฐะตััั, ะธ ะตัะต 600 ะผะปะฝ – ะดะตะฑะธัะพััะบะฐั ะทะฐะดะพะปะถะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะฐ ัะตะณะพะดะฝััะฝะธะน ะดะตะฝั. 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน ะผะพะณะปะธ ะฑััั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะตัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะฐะบะบัะผัะปะธัััััั ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะธะท ัะปะตะฝัะบะธั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ, ะฟัะตะดะฝะฐะทะฝะฐัะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะปั ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธั, – ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะธัะธะฝ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฒัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ! ะขะตะผ ะฝะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ััะพ ะดะปะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ะฒัะตะผั ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธะปะพ. ะกััะฐั ะธ ะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปะตะน ะงัะพ ััะพะธั ะทะฐ ะฟัะตัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ัะธัะผั «ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด», ััะฟะตัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะฒัะตะน ั 2014 ะดะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ; ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ «ะะตัะผะตั», ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฒะตัั ััะพั ะถะต ะฟะตัะธะพะด ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝัะปะฐ ัะฒะพะธ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ; ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ «ะะตัั ะะตะน», ะบ ะบะพัะพัะพะผั ะฒะพะพะฑัะต ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน, ะบัะพะผะต ะบะฐะบ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ัะตั , ะบะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ัะฑะตะดะธะปะพ, ััะพ ัะฐะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะน, ะพะฝะธ ัะผะพะณัั ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั ะธ ะตัะต ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะปัะดะตะน, ะบะพัะพััะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะทะฐะฑะพัััั ะพ ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะฝะพััะธ, ะฝะต ะดะฐะป ะบัะฟะธัั ะพะฑัะตะบั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ั ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะบะพะน? ะงัะพ ััะพะธั ะทะฐ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะพะน ะฒะปะฐัััั ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ? ะัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณ, ะปัะดะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟััะฐัััั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะบะพะฝััะพะปั ะฝะฐะด ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะฝัะผะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฐะผะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟัะธะผะบะฝัะฒัะธะต ะบ ะฝะธะผ ัะธะปะพะฒะธะบะธ. ะะพ ะฟะพั ะพะถะต ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒะปะฐััั ะพัะตะฝั ะพะฑะตัะฟะพะบะพะธะป ะฟะพะปะธัะธัะตัะบะธะน ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะป, ััะพััะธะน ะทะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, – ะฒัะต ััะธ ะผะฝะพะณะพัััััะฝัะต ัะพะฑัะฐะฝะธั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ััะฐะดะธะพะฝะฐั . ะกะพะฑัะฐะฝะธั ะปัะดะตะน, ะบะพัะพััะผ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฝะฐะดะพ ะพั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ – ะพะฝะธ ะณะพัะพะฒั ัะฐะผะธ, ะฒัะบะปะฐะดัะธะฝั, ัะตัะฐัั ัะฒะพะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะต ะธ ะธะฝัะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั. ะะพะณะพ-ัะพ ะธะท ะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปะตะน ััะพ ะธัะฟัะณะฐะปะพ ะธ ััะฐะปะพ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะพะน ะทะตะปะตะฝะพะณะพ ัะฒะตัะฐ ะดะปั ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะฒััะพะบะพะฟะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝัั ัะธะปะพะฒะธะบะพะฒ. ะะถะตัะบัะฟะตััั ะธ ะปะถะตะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ «ะะตัะผะตั», ะฑัะป ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ัะฒะปัะตััั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะพะน. ะัะธะณะปะฐัะตะฝะฝัะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ัะบัะฟะตัั ะธะท ะกะะฑะะฃ ะะฐะตะฒัะบะธะน ะฟะพััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะป ะทะฐะบัััะพะณะพ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั – ััะพะฑั ะฝะธะบัะพ ะฝะต ัะปััะฐะป, ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ะฟะปะฐะฒะฐะตั ะฒ ัะตะผะต. ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธั ััะฐััะผ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธะปะพ ะทะฐ ััะตั ะฝะพะฒัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ: ะฝะต ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะตั, ััะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะทะฐ ััะตั ะฝะพะฒัั ะฟะพัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ะพั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะทะฐ ััะตั ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะตะน ะทะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั. ะ ั ะพัะตะฝะธ 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ – ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ, ะฟะพััะธ ะธัะบะปััะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะทะฐ ััะตั ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะตะน ะพั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะผ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะฝะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะปะฐ. ะะฑัััะฝะตะฝะธั ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ััะฐะปะธ ะดะปั ััะพะณะพ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธััะฐ ะพัะบัะพะฒะตะฝะธะตะผ. ะะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ัััะตะผะธััั ััะบะพัะธัั ะฟะพะณะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะดะพะปะณะฐ ะฟะตัะตะด ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ัะบะพัะตะต ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั – ะฒะตะดั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐะตััั ะฟะพััะธ ะฑะตะท ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั. ะะตัะตะฟะปะฐัั ัะฒัะทะฐะฝั ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะพ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะผะธ ะฒะทะฝะพัะฐะผะธ; ะฝะฐะปะพะณะฐะผะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะปะฐััััั ะฟะพ ัะฐัะธัะฐะผ ะดะปั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะณะพ ะปะธัะฐ; ะพะฟะปะฐัะพะน ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ัะธััะพัั ะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพะน ะพัะตะฝะบะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ. ะก ะฒะตัะฝั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะธะป ะฟัะธะตะผ ะฝะพะฒัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะตะณะพ ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะฝะพััะธ ััะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ัะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั: ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะปะธ ัะฐััะธ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ ััะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะฑะพัะปะธัั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะฝะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ััะตัะฐ ะธ ะฒะฝะพััั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะธ ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะตะนัะฐั. ะกะฟะฐัะธัะตะปั ะก ะฒะตัะฝั 2022-ะณะพ ะดะพ ะทะธะผั 2025 ะณะพะดะฐ ััะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะผะธ ะฟะตัะตััะฒะฐะผะธ ะฑัะปะธ ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ – ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐะปะธัั ะดะฐะถะต ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฟะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะปะธััะฐะผ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟัะธะฝัะปะธ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฑัะปะธ, ัะฐะบะถะต ั ะฟะตัะตััะฒะฐะผะธ, ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟัะธะฝะฐะดะปะตะถะฐัะธะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั, ะฝะฐ 12 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน. ะะพะด ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพะผ ะกะตัะณะตั ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธัะฐ ะัััะตะบะฐ ัะดะฐะปะพัั ะดะพะฑะธัััั ะฒ ััะดะฐั ัะฝััะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ั ะบะฒะฐััะธั, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ัะฐััะธัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฝััะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ัะพ ััะตัะพะฒ, ัะฐะทัะตัะตะฝะธั ั ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ััะผะผ ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐัั ะฟะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะปะธััะฐะผ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะตัะตะท ััะด ะดะพะฑะธะปะธัั ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ (ะฒ ััะพะผ ะธะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะป ัะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ), ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ ะธ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐัั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะงะฐััะธัะฝะพะต «ะพัะฒะพะฑะพะถะดะตะฝะธะต» ััะตัะพะฒ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธะปะพ ะพัััะตััะฒะปััั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ, ะฟัะธะฝัะฒัะธะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะต ัะฒะพะธั ััะตะดััะฒ. ะขะฐะบะธั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะพะบะพะปะพ 2,5 ััั., ะพะฑัะธะน ะพะฑัะตะผ ะฒัะฟะปะฐั ะธะผ – ะฟะพััะดะบะฐ 1,5 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะธะท ะฝะธั ัะถะต ะฟะพะปััะธะปะฐ ัะฒะพะธ ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ – ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ะพะณัะพะผะฝัะต ัััะดะฝะพััะธ ั ะฟะตัะตัะธัะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะตะดััะฒ ะฟะพ 115-ะคะ: ะดะตะปะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดัะตััั ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ – ะฟะพ ัั. 174 ะฃะ (ั ะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะดะตะฝะตะณ ะทะฐ ััะฑะตะถ ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดะธะป), ะพัะบัััะพ ะธ ะฝะพะฒะพะต ะดะตะปะพ ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ะพั «ะะตัะผะตัะฐ», ะฝะต ะฟะพะฟะฐะฒัะธะผ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตััั ััะดะพะผ. ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะธะดะตั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะน ะฟัะพัะตัั ะฟะพ ะธัะบั ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั, ะฑะปะพะบะธััััะตะผั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะตะผะฐ ะฝะพะฒัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ. ะ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ััะธ ัััะดะฝะพััะธ, ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะปัะฒัะธะนัั ะดะพ ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะตะณะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะกะตัะณะตะตะผ ะัััะตะบะพะผ, ะตะถะตะดะฝะตะฒะฝะพ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะตั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฒัั ะพะดััะธะผ ะธะท ะฝะตะณะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะธ ััะฟะตัะฝะพ ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐะตั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั. ะะฐะถะฝะตะนัะตะต ะดะพััะธะถะตะฝะธะต ะัััะตะบะฐ – ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะต ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผะฐ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฟัะธ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ, ะบะพัะพััะผ ัะถะต ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝั ะพะฑัะตะบัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ, ะฟะพะปััะธะปะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟะพะณะฐัะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ะดะพะปะณ ะฟะตัะตะด ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะธ ะฟะตัะตะพัะพัะผะปััั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะทะฐ ััะตั ััะตะดััะฒ ะดััะณะธั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัั ะธะผ ัะฒะพะธ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะฐ ะฒะทะฐะผะตะฝ ะฟะพะปััะฐัั ะถะธะฒัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพั ััะฐััะปะธะฒัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัะตะปะตะน ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะขะฐะบะธะผ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ัะดะฐะปะพัั ะฟะพะณะฐัะธัั ะดะพะปะณ ะฟะตัะตะด ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะธ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะฟะตัะตะฒะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฟะพ ะดะตัััะบะฐะผ ะพะฑัะตะบัะพะฒ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพะด ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพะผ ะกะตัะณะตั ะัััะตะบะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฝะฐะด ัะตะผ, ััะพะฑั ะฒะฝะพะฒั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ััะพัั ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะฟะตัะฒัะผะธ. ะขะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ััะพ ััะด ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฑัะดะตั ะพัะฒะพะฑะพะถะดะตะฝ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐัั ะทะฐ ะฝะธั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะธัะบะปััะตะฝั ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะพะผ ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ััะตะดััะฒ. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะฟะพ ะผะฝะตะฝะธั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะถะธะฒ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะพะน ะพะณัะพะผะฝะพะน ัะฐะฑะพัะต, ะบะพัะพััั ะฟัะพะดะตะปะฐะป ะกะตัะณะตะน ะัััะตะบ ั ะฒะตัะฝั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟะพ ะฒะตัะฝั 2025-ะณะพ, ััะฟะตัะฝะพะผั ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพััะพัะฝะธั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะปั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั. ะะตะดะฐัะพะผ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะป ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธะผะตะฝะตะผ ะกะตัะณะตั ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธัะฐ.
ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ัั ัั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต
ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ัั ัั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต โ ััะพ ะดะพัััะฟะฝัะน ะธ ัะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะฒัะตะผั ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะดะต, ะฝะฐัะปะฐะถะดะฐััั ะถะธะฒะพะฟะธัะฝัะผะธ ะฟะตะนะทะฐะถะฐะผะธ ััะพะปะธัั ะธ ะตะต ะพะบัะตััะฝะพััะตะน. ะฏั ัั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะดะปั ะพัะดัั ะฐ, ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะน ะธ ัะพะผะฐะฝัะธัะตัะบะธั ะฟัะพะณัะปะพะบ. ะก ะบะฐะถะดัะผ ะณะพะดะพะผ ะฒัะต ะฑะพะปััะต ะปัะดะตะน ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั ะฐัะตะฝะดั ัั ั, ััะพะฑั ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะฝะตะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะตะผัะต ะฒะพัะฟะพะผะธะฝะฐะฝะธั, ะฑัะดั ัะพ ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะดะฝั ัะพะถะดะตะฝะธั, ัะฒะฐะดัะฑั ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพััะพ ะพัะดัั ั ะดััะทััะผะธ.
ัะฝััั ัั ัั ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะกะฝััั ัั ัั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต
ะงัะพะฑั ัะฝััั ัั ัั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต, ะฒะฐะผ ะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝะพ ััะธััะฒะฐัั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะบะปััะตะฒัั ะผะพะผะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะะพ-ะฟะตัะฒัั , ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะธัั ัะธะฟ ัั ัั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฒะฐะผ ะฝัะถะตะฝ. ะกััะตััะฒััั ะผะพัะพัะฝัะต, ะฟะฐัััะฝัะต ะธ ัะบัะบัััะธะพะฝะฝัะต ัั ัั, ะบะฐะถะดะฐั ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐะตั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพัััะผะธ ะธ ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐะผะธ. ะะปั ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน ะฟะพะดะพะนะดัั ัััะฝัะต ะผะพัะพัะฝัะต ัั ัั, ะฐ ะดะปั ะฑะพะปััะธั ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะน โ ะฟัะพััะพัะฝัะต ะฟะฐัััะฝัะต ะธะปะธ ะบะฐัะฐะผะฐัะฐะฝั ั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธะผะธ ะฟะฐะปัะฑะฐะผะธ.
ะัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะฐัะตะฝะดั ัั ัั:
ะะพะผัะพััะฐะฑะตะปัะฝะพััั: ะกะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะต ัั ัั ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฒัะตะผ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะผ ะดะปั ะบะพะผัะพััะฝะพะณะพ ะฒัะตะผัะฟัะตะฟัะพะฒะพะถะดะตะฝะธั: ัััะฝัะต ะบะฐััั, ะบัั ะฝั, ะพัะดะตะปัะฝัะต ัะฐะฝะธัะฐัะฝัะต ัะทะปั ะธ ะทะพะฝั ะดะปั ะพัะดัั ะฐ.
ะญััะตัะธะบะฐ: ะัะพะณัะปะบะธ ะฝะฐ ัั ัะต ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปััั ะฝะฐัะปะฐะดะธัััั ะฒะตะปะธะบะพะปะตะฟะฝัะผะธ ะฒะธะดะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐ ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะต ะผะพัะต, ะฟะฐัะบ ะะพะปะพะผะตะฝัะบะพะต ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะถะธะฒะพะฟะธัะฝัะต ัะณะพะปะบะธ.
ะะธะฑะบะพััั ะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ: ะั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะผะฐััััั, ััะพะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะธัั ะฟะพะฝัะฐะฒะธะฒัะธะตัั ะผะตััะฐ ะธะปะธ ััััะพะธัั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะธ ะดะปั ะบัะฟะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะพัะดัั ะฐ.
ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ัั ั ะฒ ะะพะดะผะพัะบะพะฒัะต
ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ัั ั ะฒ ะะพะดะผะพัะบะพะฒัะต โ ััะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะดะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ั ะพัะตั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะฒัะตะผั ะฒะดะฐะปะธ ะพั ะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ััะตัั. ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฒะพะดะพะตะผั ะฒ ััะพะผ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะต ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดัั ะดะปั ัั ัะตะฝะฝัั ะฟัะพะณัะปะพะบ. ะััะปะตะดัั ะะพะดะผะพัะบะพะฒัะต, ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฝะฐัะปะฐะดะธัััั ะบัะฐัะธะฒัะผะธ ะฟัะธัะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะฟะตะนะทะฐะถะฐะผะธ, ัะฒะธะดะตัั ะธััะพัะธัะตัะบะธะต ะผะตััะฐ ะธ ะฟัะพััะพ ัะฐััะปะฐะฑะธัััั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธัะพะดะต.
ะะพัะตะผั ััะพะธั ะฐัะตะฝะดะพะฒะฐัั ัั ัั ะฒ ะะพะดะผะพัะบะพะฒัะต:
ะ ะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะธะต ะผะฐัััััะพะฒ: ะ ะะพะดะผะพัะบะพะฒัะต ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ ัะตะบ ะธ ะฒะพะดะพะตะผะพะฒ, ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ัะตะบะฐ ะะพัะบะฒะฐ, ะะพะปะณะฐ, ะะบะฐ ะธ ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะดััะณะธะต, ะบะพัะพััะต ะพัะบััะฒะฐัั ะฟะตัะตะด ะฒะฐะผะธ ัะธัะพะบะธะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะผะฐัััััะพะฒ.
ะกะฟะพะบะพะนััะฒะธะต ะธ ัะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธะต: ะั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะพัะดะพั ะฝััั ะฒ ัะธัะธะฝะต ะฟัะธัะพะดั, ะฝะฐัะปะฐะดะธัััั ะฐัะผะพััะตัะพะน ัะดะฐะปะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ััะพ ัะฐะบ ะฟัะธััะฝะพ ะฟะพัะปะต ะฝะฐะฟััะถะตะฝะฝัั ะฑัะดะฝะตะน.
ะัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะน: ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ัั ัั ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะผ ะดะปั ะฟัะพะฒะตะดะตะฝะธั ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ, ะดะฝะธ ัะพะถะดะตะฝะธั, ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะธัะฝัั ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะน ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพััะพ ะดะปั ัะพะผะฐะฝัะธัะตัะบะพะณะพ ัะถะธะฝะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะดะต.
ะััะตะพะฟะฐัะธัะตัะบะพะต ะปะตัะตะฝะธะต: ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟั, ะผะตัะพะดั ะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั
ะััะตะพะฟะฐัะธั โ ััะพ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝั, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะต ะฝะฐ ัะตะปะพััะฝะพะผ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะต ะบ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผั. ะะฝะฐ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตั ัะตะปะพ ะบะฐะบ ะตะดะธะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั, ะณะดะต ะดะธัััะฝะบัะธั ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฒะปะธัะตั ะฝะฐ ะดััะณะธะต. ะััะตะพะฟะฐัะธัะตัะบะพะต ะปะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฑะฐะปะฐะฝัะฐ, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะฐัะธั ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ัะตััััะพะฒ ะธ ััััะฐะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธัะธะฝ ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ะฐ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะธั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผะพะฒ.
ะดะตัะตะน ะธ ะฒะทัะพัะปัั ะปะตัะตะฝะธะต ััะฐะฒะผั ะฟะพะทะฒะพะฝะพัะฝะธะบะฐ
1. ะัะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟั ะพััะตะพะฟะฐัะธะธ
ะััะตะพะฟะฐัะธั ะฑะฐะทะธััะตััั ะฝะฐ ััะตั ะบะปััะตะฒัั ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟะฐั :
1. ะะดะธะฝััะฒะพ ัะตะปะฐ โ ะฒัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั, ะผัััั, ะบะพััะธ ะธ ะฝะตัะฒั ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพัะฒัะทะฐะฝั.
2. ะกัััะบัััะฐ ะธ ััะฝะบัะธั โ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะต ะฐะฝะฐัะพะผะธะธ (ัะผะตัะตะฝะธะต, ะฝะฐะฟััะถะตะฝะธะต) ะฒะตะดะตั ะบ ะดะธัััะฝะบัะธะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐ.
3. ะกะฐะผะพัะตะณัะปััะธั โ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะตะฝ ัะฐะผะพะฒะพัััะฐะฝะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐัััั ะฟัะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะผ ะฒะพะทะดะตะนััะฒะธะธ.
2. ะะตัะพะดั ะพััะตะพะฟะฐัะธัะตัะบะพะณะพ ะปะตัะตะฝะธั
ะััะตะพะฟะฐัะธั ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะน:
ะกัััะบัััะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะพััะตะพะฟะฐัะธั
โข ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ั ะพะฟะพัะฝะพ-ะดะฒะธะณะฐัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะผ (ััััะฐะฒั, ะฟะพะทะฒะพะฝะพัะฝะธะบ, ะผัััั).
โข ะัะธะผะตะฝัะตััั ะฟัะธ ะพััะตะพั ะพะฝะดัะพะทะต, ัะบะพะปะธะพะทะต, ะฑะพะปัั ะฒ ัะฟะธะฝะต, ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธัั ััะฐะฒะผ.
ะะธััะตัะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะพััะตะพะฟะฐัะธั
โข ะะพะทะดะตะนััะฒะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั (ะฟะตัะตะฝั, ะฟะพัะบะธ, ะถะตะปัะดะพะบ).
โข ะะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะฟัะธ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัั ะฟะธัะตะฒะฐัะตะฝะธั, ัะฟะฐะนะบะฐั , ะทะฐััะพะนะฝัั ัะฒะปะตะฝะธัั .
ะัะฐะฝะธะพัะฐะบัะฐะปัะฝะฐั ัะตัะฐะฟะธั
โข ะะพััะตะบัะธั ัะธัะผะพะฒ ัะตัะตะฟะฐ ะธ ะบัะตัััะฐ.
โข ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะตััั ะฟัะธ ะผะธะณัะตะฝัั , ะฑะตััะพะฝะฝะธัะต, ะฝะตะฒัะพะทะฐั , ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธัั ัะพะดะพะฒัั ััะฐะฒะผ.
3. ะะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะบ ะพััะตะพะฟะฐัะธัะตัะบะพะผั ะปะตัะตะฝะธั
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะฟะพะทะฒะพะฝะพัะฝะธะบะฐ (ะณััะถะธ, ะฟัะพัััะทะธะธ, ัะฐะดะธะบัะปะธั).
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัั ะฑะพะปะตะน ะธ ะผะธะณัะตะฝะธ.
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธั ะพัะฐะฝะบะธ (ัะบะพะปะธะพะท, ะบะธัะพะท).
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะตะน ััััะฐะฒะพะฒ (ะฐัััะพะท, ะฐัััะธั).
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ะะะข (ะทะฐะฟะพัั, ะดะธัะบะธะฝะตะทะธั ะถะตะปัะตะฒัะฒะพะดััะธั ะฟััะตะน).
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธะน ััะฐะฒะผ (ะฟะตัะตะปะพะผั, ัะฐัััะถะตะฝะธั, ะะขะ).
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธะธะฝะตะบะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะธั ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัั (ะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะตะฝะฝัะต ะผะตัััะฝัะต, ัะฟะฐะนะบะธ).
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธ ะฝะตะฒัะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะธั ัะฐััััะพะนััะฒะฐั (ะฑะตััะพะฝะฝะธัะฐ, ะะกะ). ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะธะฝะดัะพะผ ั ัะพะฝะธัะตัะบะพะน ัััะฐะปะพััะธ (ะฒัะณะพัะฐะฝะธะต, ัััะตััั).
4. ะะฐะบ ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธั ัะตะฐะฝั ะพััะตะพะฟะฐัะธะธ?
1. ะะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะฐ โ ะฒัะฐั ะพััะตะพะฟะฐั ััะบะฐะผะธ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปัะตั ะทะพะฝั ะฝะฐะฟััะถะตะฝะธั ะธ ะดะธัััะฝะบัะธะธ.
2. ะะพััะตะบัะธั โ ะผัะณะบะธะต ะผะฐะฝัะฐะปัะฝัะต ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ (ะฑะตะท ัะตะทะบะธั ะดะฒะธะถะตะฝะธะน!).
3. ะ ะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดะฐัะธะธ โ ัะพะฒะตัั ะฟะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทั ะถะธะทะฝะธ, ัะฟัะฐะถะฝะตะฝะธัะผ.
ะะปะธัะตะปัะฝะพััั: 40โ60 ะผะธะฝัั.
ะััั: ะพะฑััะฝะพ 3โ8 ัะตะฐะฝัะพะฒ ั ะธะฝัะตัะฒะฐะปะพะผ ะฒ 1โ2 ะฝะตะดะตะปะธ.
5. ะัะพัะธะฒะพะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั
? ะััััะต ะธะฝัะตะบัะธะธ (ัะตะผะฟะตัะฐัััะฐ, ะฒะพัะฟะฐะปะตะฝะธะต).
? ะััะตะพะฟะพัะพะท ะฒ ััะถะตะปะพะน ัะพัะผะต.
? ะะฟัั ะพะปะธ, ััะพะผะฑะพะทั.
? ะัะธั ะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐััััะพะนััะฒะฐ.
6. ะััะตะพะฟะฐัะธั ะดะปั ะดะตัะตะน
ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะฐ ะฟัะธ:
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะพะดะพะฒัั ััะฐะฒะผะฐั .
โข ะัะธะฒะพัะตะต.
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะณะธะฟะตัะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััะธ (ะกะะะ).
โข ะะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธ ะทะฐะดะตัะถะบะต ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธั.
7. ะัะปะธัะธะต ะพััะตะพะฟะฐัะธะธ ะพั ะผะฐะฝัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ัะตัะฐะฟะธะธ
ะัะธัะตัะธะน ะััะตะพะฟะฐัะธั ะะฐะฝัะฐะปัะฝะฐั ัะตัะฐะฟะธั
ะะพะดั ะพะด ะฆะตะปะพััะฝัะน, ะผัะณะบะธะน ะะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน, ะถะตััะบะธะน
ะขะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะะตะทะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะตะฝะฝัะต ะะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะดะธัะบะพะผัะพัั
ะฆะตะปั ะฃัััะฐะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธัะธะฝั ะกะฝััะธะต ัะธะผะฟัะพะผะพะฒ
8. ะัะฒะพะด
ะััะตะพะฟะฐัะธั โ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝัะน ะธ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝัะน ะผะตัะพะด ะปะตัะตะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟัะธ ะฑะพะปัั ะฒ ัะฟะธะฝะต, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฟัะธ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ั ัะพะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธัั . ะะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะฐ ั ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝัะบะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ.
ะั ัััะตะผะธะผัั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฟัะพัะตัั ัะตะผะพะฝัะฐ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑัััััะผ ะธ ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะัะต ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝััััั ั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะพัะธะณะธะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะทะฐะฟัะฐััะตะน ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัั ะฐะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒ, ะฒ ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ ะพั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ.
https://iphone-remont.by/remont-iphone/16-pro/zamena-katushki-besprovodnoi-zaryadkiะทะฐะผะตะฝะฐ ะบะฐัััะบะธ ะฑะตัะฟัะพะฒะพะดะฝะพะน ะทะฐััะดะบะธ ะฐะนัะพะฝ 16 ะัะพ ะะธะฝัะบ
ะะฐัะฐ ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดะฐ ะณะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒะฐะผ ัะตัะธัั ะปัะฑัะต ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ั iPhone, iPad, MacBook ะธ ะดััะณะธะผะธ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐะผะธ. ะั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธััะตะผ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะฝัั ัะฐะฑะพั ะธ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะต ะฒะธะดั ััะปัะณ.
ะะฐะถะฝะพ: i-Guru ะฝะต ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฐะฒัะพัะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะผ ัะตะฝััะพะผ Apple ะธ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฟััะผัั ัะฒัะทะตะน ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน Apple Inc. ะั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผัะต ััะปัะณะธ ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ััััะพะนััะฒ.
Axolotl problems
As Mexico City grew and became more industrialized, the need for water brought pumps and pipes to the lake, and eventually, โit was like a bad, smelly pond with rotten water,โ Zambrano said. โAll of our aquatic animals suffer with bad water quality, but amphibians suffer more because they have to breathe with the skin.โ
ััััะบะพะต ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะถะตััะพะบ
To add to the axolotlsโ problems, invasive fish species such as carp and tilapia were introduced to the lake, where they feed on axolotl eggs. And a 1985 earthquake in Mexico City displaced thousands of people, who found new homes in the area around the lake, further contributing to the destruction of the axolotlsโ habitat.
These combined threats have devastated axolotl populations. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, there are fewer than 100 adult axolotls left in the wild. The species is considered critically endangered.
While the wild axolotls of Lake Xochimilco have dwindled to near-extinction, countless axolotls have been bred for scientific laboratories and the pet trade. โThe axolotl essentially helped establish the field of experimental zoology,โ Voss said.
In 1864, a French army officer brought live axolotls back to Europe, where scientists were surprised to learn that the seemingly juvenile aquatic salamanders were capable of reproduction. Since then, scientists around the world have studied axolotls and their DNA to learn about the salamandersโ unusual metamorphosis (or lack thereof) as well as their ability to regrow injured body parts.
In addition to their role in labs, axolotls have become popular in the exotic pet trade (though they are illegal to own in California, Maine, New Jersey and Washington, DC). However, the axolotls you might find at a pet shop are different from their wild relatives in Lake Xochimilco. Most wild axolotls are a dark grayish brown. The famous pink axolotls, as well as other color variants such as white, blue, yellow and black, are genetic anomalies that are rare in the wild but selectively bred for in the pet trade.
Whatโs more, โmost of the animals in the pet trade have a very small genetic variance,โ Zambrano said. Pet axolotls tend to be inbred and lack the wide flow of different genes that makes up a healthy population in the wild. That means that the axolotl extinction crisis canโt simply be solved by dumping pet axolotls into Lake Xochimilco. (Plus, the pet axolotls likely wouldnโt fare well with the poor habitat conditions in the lake.)
Fame and misfortune
The difficulties that axolotls face in the wild are almost diametrically opposed to the fame theyโve found in recent years. Axolotls have captured the human imagination for centuries, as evidenced by their roles in Aztec religion and stories, but the early 21st century seems to be a high point for them. An axolotl graces the 50 peso bill. There are axolotl-inspired Pokemon, and Reddit commenters have noted that the character Toothless from the โHow to Train Your Dragonโ movie series is distinctly axolotl-like.
The introduction of axolotls to Minecraft in 2021 neatly mapped onto an uptick in Google searches for the animals, and social media makes it easy for people to gain access to photos and videos of the salamanders, particularly the photogenic pink ones often kept as pets.
The axolotl pet trade probably doesnโt directly harm the wild populations since wild salamanders arenโt being poached or taken from Lake Xochimilco. However, Zambrano said, axolotlsโ ubiquity in pop culture and pet stores might make people assume that because axolotls โlive in all the tanks around the world, they are not in danger.โ
Why axolotls seem to be everywhere โ except in the one lake they call home
ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะธะน ะฐะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะบั
Scientist Dr. Randal Voss gets the occasional reminder that heโs working with a kind of superstar. When he does outreach events with his laboratory, he encounters people who are keen to meet his research subjects: aquatic salamanders called axolotls.
The amphibiansโ fans tell Voss that they know the animals from the internet, or from caricatures or stuffed animals, exclaiming, โโTheyโre so adorable, we love them,โโ said Voss, a professor of neuroscience at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine. โPeople are drawn to them.โ
Take one look at an axolotl, and itโs easy to see why itโs so popular. With their wide eyes, upturned mouths and pastel pink coloring, axolotls look cheerful and vaguely Muppet-like.
Theyโve skyrocketed in pop culture fame, in part thanks to the addition of axolotls to the video game Minecraft in 2021. These unusual salamanders are now found everywhere from Girl Scout patches to hot water bottles. But thereโs more to axolotls than meets the eye: Their story is one of scientific discovery, exploitation of the natural world, and the work to rebuild humansโ connection with nature.
A scientific mystery
Axolotl is a word from Nahuatl, the Indigenous Mexican language spoken by the Aztecs and an estimated 1.5 million people today. The animals are named for the Aztec god Xolotl, who was said to transform into a salamander. The original Nahuatl pronunciation is โAH-show-LOATโ; in English, โACK-suh-LAHT-uhlโ is commonly used.
Axolotls are members of a class of animals called amphibians, which also includes frogs. Amphibians lay their jelly-like eggs in water, and the eggs hatch into water-dwelling larval states. (In frogs, these larvae are called tadpoles.)
Most amphibians, once they reach adulthood, are able to move to land. Since they breathe, in part, by absorbing oxygen through their moist skin, they tend to stay near water.
Axolotls, however, never complete the metamorphosis to a land-dwelling adult form and spend their whole lives in the water.
โThey maintain their juvenile look throughout the course of their life,โ Voss said. โTheyโre teenagers, at least in appearance, until they die.โ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
Water and life
Ethereum Mixer
Lightning is a dramatic display of electrical power, but it is also sporadic and unpredictable. Even on a volatile Earth billions of years ago, lightning may have been too infrequent to produce amino acids in quantities sufficient for life โ a fact that has cast doubt on such theories in the past, Zare said.
Water spray, however, would have been more common than lightning. A more likely scenario is that mist-generated microlightning constantly zapped amino acids into existence from pools and puddles, where the molecules could accumulate and form more complex molecules, eventually leading to the evolution of life.
โMicrodischarges between obviously charged water microdroplets make all the organic molecules observed previously in the Miller-Urey experiment,โ Zare said. โWe propose that this is a new mechanism for the prebiotic synthesis of molecules that constitute the building blocks of life.โ
However, even with the new findings about microlightning, questions remain about lifeโs origins, he added. While some scientists support the notion of electrically charged beginnings for lifeโs earliest building blocks, an alternative abiogenesis hypothesis proposes that Earthโs first amino acids were cooked up around hydrothermal vents on the seafloor, produced by a combination of seawater, hydrogen-rich fluids and extreme pressure.
Yet another hypothesis suggests that organic molecules didnโt originate on Earth at all. Rather, they formed in space and were carried here by comets or fragments of asteroids, a process known as panspermia.
โWe still donโt know the answer to this question,โ Zare said. โBut I think weโre closer to understanding something more about what could have happened.โ
Though the details of lifeโs origins on Earth may never be fully explained, โthis study provides another avenue for the formation of molecules crucial to the origin of life,โ Williams said. โWater is a ubiquitous aspect of our world, giving rise to the moniker โBlue Marbleโ to describe the Earth from space. Perhaps the falling of water, the most crucial element that sustains us, also played a greater role in the origin of life on Earth than we previously recognized.โ
Water and life
Eth Mixer
Lightning is a dramatic display of electrical power, but it is also sporadic and unpredictable. Even on a volatile Earth billions of years ago, lightning may have been too infrequent to produce amino acids in quantities sufficient for life โ a fact that has cast doubt on such theories in the past, Zare said.
Water spray, however, would have been more common than lightning. A more likely scenario is that mist-generated microlightning constantly zapped amino acids into existence from pools and puddles, where the molecules could accumulate and form more complex molecules, eventually leading to the evolution of life.
โMicrodischarges between obviously charged water microdroplets make all the organic molecules observed previously in the Miller-Urey experiment,โ Zare said. โWe propose that this is a new mechanism for the prebiotic synthesis of molecules that constitute the building blocks of life.โ
However, even with the new findings about microlightning, questions remain about lifeโs origins, he added. While some scientists support the notion of electrically charged beginnings for lifeโs earliest building blocks, an alternative abiogenesis hypothesis proposes that Earthโs first amino acids were cooked up around hydrothermal vents on the seafloor, produced by a combination of seawater, hydrogen-rich fluids and extreme pressure.
Yet another hypothesis suggests that organic molecules didnโt originate on Earth at all. Rather, they formed in space and were carried here by comets or fragments of asteroids, a process known as panspermia.
โWe still donโt know the answer to this question,โ Zare said. โBut I think weโre closer to understanding something more about what could have happened.โ
Though the details of lifeโs origins on Earth may never be fully explained, โthis study provides another avenue for the formation of molecules crucial to the origin of life,โ Williams said. โWater is a ubiquitous aspect of our world, giving rise to the moniker โBlue Marbleโ to describe the Earth from space. Perhaps the falling of water, the most crucial element that sustains us, also played a greater role in the origin of life on Earth than we previously recognized.โ
ะะพัะตะผั ะะณัะพััะฟ ะทะฐะบััะปัั? ะะปะธ ะพะฝ ะตัะต ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั?
https://vk.com/public229902184
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ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท
ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท .
An astronautโs awe-inspiring views from life in space
ะถะตััะบะพะต ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะฑะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะพ
Longtime NASA astronaut Don Pettit, who has ventured to space four times, returned to Earth on Saturday night from the International Space Station. Pettit, who turned 70 on Sunday, landed at 9:20 p.m. ET in a Soyuz spacecraft with Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin and Ivan Vagner near Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan, after a seven-month stay aboard the orbiting laboratory.
The scientist invented the first object patented in space โ called the Capillary Beverage, Space Cup or Zero-G cup, which makes it easier to drink beverages in the absence of gravity, and he is also a celebrated astrophotographer known for capturing unique views of the cosmos.
โOne of the things I like to do with my astrophotography is to have a composition and a perspective thatโs different than an Earth-centric one, typically showing an Earth horizon with the atmosphere on edge, the limb, and then some kind of astronomy, astrophotography, in relationship to that,โ Pettit said from the space station during an April 3 interview with astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson.
โEarth is amazingly beautiful when your feet are firmly planted on the ground, and itโs beautiful from space,โ Pettit said. โAnd itโs hard to say what is more beautiful. I think itโs because space is a unique opportunity we seek to focus on the beauty of being in orbit. If we had people living their whole life in orbit, when they come down to Earth, they would probably think that was the most beautiful perspective theyโd ever seen.โ
Pettit takes his photos from the cupola on the space station, a favorite of crew members due to its seven windows that overlook Earth.
Here are some of his most unforgettable views of what itโs like to live in space that he captured over the past seven months.
ะะฐะบะฐะถะธัะต ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะปัััะธะต ัะตะฝั.
ะะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธะตะน ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ.
ะะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพะด ะฒะฐั ะธะฝัะตััะตั.
ะจัะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะพะน, ะฒััะพะบะพะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒ.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะดะปั ะบัั ะฝะธ, ั ััะตัะพะผ ะผะพะดะฝัั ััะตะฝะดะพะฒ.
ะะฐะดะตะถะฝะพะต ะธะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฑััััะพ ะธ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะดะปั ะฝะตััะฐะฝะดะฐััะฝัั ะพะบะพะฝ, ะฟะพ ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั.
ะจัะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะพะผ, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั.
ะะปะฐััะธัะตัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะฟัะพะตะบัั.
ะจัะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ััะตัะพะผ ะฒะฐัะธั ะฟะพะถะตะปะฐะฝะธะน, ะพั ะฒะตะดััะธั ะผะฐััะตัะพะฒ.
ะัะตะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธะตะน ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ.
ะะพัััะฟะฝัะต ัะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ั ะฒััะพะบะธะผ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพะผ.
ะกัะธะปัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะฟัะพะตะบัั, ะพั ะฒะตะดััะธั ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะตัะพะฒ.
ะะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะปัััะธั ัะบะฐะฝะตะน.
ะจัะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะพะน ะธ ะผะพะฝัะฐะถะพะผ, ะฟะพะด ะฒะฐั ะฒะบัั.
ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะดะปั ะฟะพัะธะฒะฐ ััะพั, ั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธะตะน ะดะพะปะณะพะฒะตัะฝะพััะธ.
ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท . ะัะพะบะฐัะฝะธะท
ะ ะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฟะพ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผั ะฟัะพะตะบัั
ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท .
ะัะตะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ะธะดะตะธ ััะพั ะดะปั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะผะฐ
ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต .”ะขะบะฐัะบะธะน”
ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ัะฐะทะผะตัะฐะผ
ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท .
ะัะตะผะธะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะธะฝัะตััะตัะฐ, ะดะปั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั.
ะัะตะผะธะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธะตะน ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฟะพ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผั ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝั, ะฟะพะด ะฒะฐั ะธะฝัะตััะตั.
ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐััะธะต ะฒะฐั ััะธะปั.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะดะปั ะบัั ะฝะธ, ั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะพะผ.
ะะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ ััะพั, ะฑััััะพ ะธ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ.
ะกะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะต ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะธะท ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ัะบะฐะฝะตะน, ะฟะพ ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั.
ะะพะดะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั.
ะะธะฝะธะผะฐะปะธััะธัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑะพะน ะธะฝัะตััะตั.
ะจัะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ััะตัะพะผ ะฒะฐัะธั ะฟะพะถะตะปะฐะฝะธะน, ั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพัััั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะฐ.
ะัะตะผะธะฐะปัะฝัะต ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะดะปั ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑะพะน ะธะฝัะตััะตั.
ะะพัััะฟะฝัะต ัะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ั ะฒััะพะบะธะผ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพะผ.
ะญะปะตะณะฐะฝัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพะด ะฒะฐั ะฑัะดะถะตั.
ะะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะฟัะพะตะบัั.
ะกะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะต ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัั ััะพั ะดะปั ะปัะฑะพะน ะบะพะผะฝะฐัั, ะฟะพะด ะฒะฐั ะฒะบัั.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะพะผ, ั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธะตะน ะดะพะปะณะพะฒะตัะฝะพััะธ.
ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท . Prokarniz
ะัะฑะธัะฐะตะผ ััะพัั ะดะปั ะดะฐัะธ ะธ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะผะฐ
ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต .ะขะบะฐัะบะธะน
ะกัะธะปัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท โ ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั
ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท . ะขะบะฐัะบะธะน
ะัััะธะต ััะพัั ะดะปั ัะฟะพะบะพะนััะฒะธั ะธ ัััะฐ, ัะพะทะดะฐะนัะต ััั, ะปัััะธะต ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปั ะดะปั ััะพั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝัั ะดะพะผะฐั , ัะตะฟะปะพัะฐ ะธ ััั, ััะธะปั ะธ ัะดะพะฑััะฒะพ, ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะดะปั ััะพั, ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝัะต ััะพัั ะดะปั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะผะฐ, ะผะพะดะฝัะต ััะตะฝะดั ะฒ ััะพัะฝะพะผ ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะต, ะฒัะฑะธัะฐะตะผ ััะพัั ะดะปั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะน ะณะพััะธะฝะพะน, ะฟัะธะผะตัั ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะบะพะฝ ั ััะพัะฐะผะธ, ััะพัั ะธะท ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ัะบะฐะฝะตะน, ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐัะธัะตัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะดะปั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะผะฐ, ะฟะพะดะฑะธัะฐะตะผ ััะพัั ะฟะพะด ะธะฝัะตััะตั, ัะบัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะพะบะพะฝ ััะพัะพะผ, ัะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ะฒัะฑะพั ะฒ ะฟะพะปัะทั ัััะฝัั ััะพั, ะปัััะธะต ะธะดะตะธ ะดะปั ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะบะพะฝ, ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฒะธะดะพะฒ ััะพั ะดะปั ะดะฐัะธ, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝะธัะต ะฐัั ะธัะตะบัััั ะดะพะผะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ััะพั, ะธะดะตะธ ัะตะทะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะบะพะฝ
ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต .
ะะพะฟะปะพัะธัะต ะผะตััั ะพ ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝัั ััะพัะฐั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท
ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท . “ะขะบะฐัะบะธะน”
Mixing Bitcoins is made simpler with Mixero. A mixer available both on the Clearnet and the Tor network. Offers complete control over the time-delays and fund-distribution. Charges a static fee of 0.3%. Maximum number of output addresses allowed is 10. Each address is charged an additional 0.0001BTC. Largest possible mix is 100 BTC, while smallest accepted deposit is 0.002 BTC. No registration required. Has a No Logs Policy, retains logs for 7-days by default. Although users can delete logs anytime before the 7-day period manually. Does provide Certificate of Origin. Also has an โInstant Dispatchโ feature of delivering coins without any delay. Yomix : It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit Coin Mixer : Fast payouts Coinmize : Zero-log policy Mixero : Excellent customer support Bitcoin Laundry : Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions 1. Yomix – It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitYomix is another simple yet trustworthy Bitcoin Tumbler service. And one of the primary differences it has compared to the other platforms on this list is that it can accommodate really โlarge volume transactionsโ. There is no maximum transaction limit as such, considering how their reserve is really huge and youโll need to be a millionaire before you can run them out of funds. If any limit is breached, you are notified before you make the payment. The minimum transaction 0.001BTC, any amount lower than this is is considered a donation, like in the case of PriveCoin, and isnโt sent back to the customer. The minimum fee is 0.5%, with an additional 0.0005BTC for every deposited transaction. You can set a custom fee for added anonymity and they also provide a letter or guarantee like all the mentionable Bitcoin Tumblers out there.Being honest, this isnโt the most feature-rich or control-rich Yomix mixer thatโs available out there. However, it still averages mixes over 700Bitcoin/day (claimed, not verified). The coins are claimed to be sourced from mining pools in the U.S, China and Europe. Obviously they do not keep any logs. Unfortunately, only 1 output address is allowed which is a bit of a downer. The time-delay can fully be set manually. It can be as low as 0 hours, or as high as 48 hours. Any other delay between this frame can be set using the provided slider. The fee isnโt randomized, neither is it user-controlled. Itโs set at a solid 0.1% for all transactions. Accepts a minimum Bitcoin deposit of 0.010BTC. Maximum funds which can be currently mixed stand at 677 BTC. Number of required confirmations depend on the amount. Only 1 is required for mixes below 2.5BTC. For 25 BTC it needs 3 confirmations. 4 confirmations for 40BTC and 5 confirmations for 50 BTC are required respectively. Doesnโt require registrations.One of the most currency-rich mixers in the industry, letting us Mix not just Bitcoin but Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash and Ethereum (coming soon) is what Yomix is. Also flaunts probably the most colourful and easy to use Interfaces Iโve ever seen. Provides 100% Control to users regarding every aspect of the mix. As in, users control the exact amount of fee (to the 4th decimal point!), the exact time-delay (by the minute and not just hours) and also the Percentage distribution. Itโs transparent and even has a โfee calculatorโ which displays the exact amount of funds a user would receive on each additional address, as well as the total service and the address-fee. Maximum 8 total output addresses allowed. The minimum service fee a user can pay is 1%, with the maximum being 5%. The additional address fee is 0.00045529 BTC, 0.01072904 LTC, and 0.00273174 BCH for Bitcoin, Litecoin and Bitcoin Cash respectively. Has three fund-pools, and they all have funds from different sources in them which have different levels of anonymity. Does have a โNo Logs Policyโ. No registration required.Yomix currently only supports Bitcoin mixes, however, it has plans to bring in ETH mixes in the near future. It has been featured on Bitcoin.com/ News BTC/ Crypto News/ The Next Web etc. hence building a bit of trust. Very modern, advanced, user-controlled interface. Allows upto 5 output addresses. Obviously, doesnโt keep any logs whatsoever. The user-control is impressive. You get to control the fund-distribution, as well as the time-delay for each output address manually. Even the fee can be set manually. The cheapest allowed fee is 0.5% which is more than acceptable. The highest is set at 5%. Obviously the 0.25mBTC blockchain transaction fee is attached on top of the selected fee. It even has a โstrength meterโ which shows how strong your mix is, based on all the factors youโve selected. No registration required whatsoever. And it does provide the mixing code to ensure all outputs are fresh and not linked to any of your previous deposits. Pros: Has impressive time delaysUser-controlled time delays 2. Coin Mixer – Fast payouts Coin Mixer works by removing the link between your old and current addresses. Since the mixer destroys any connection between them, your traces of transactions and your identity become untraceable. The main advantage is the low commission. Bitcoin Laundry is a donation platform. They charge no service fees, only a transaction fee of 0.0002 BTC to the exit address, while transactions from 0.0005 to 38 BTC are supported. You can set 5 addresses and specify what percentage of the total amount will be returned to each address. You can select predefined or random payment delays for each address, making it even more difficult to track the transaction. Bitcoin Laundry boasts a โno logโ retention period policy and also allows users to manually delete logs with just one click if they wish.And last but not least, there is a coin mixer with a number of cryptocurrencies to tumbler named Coin Mixer. At the moment, there are three currencies and Ethereum is going to be represented in future. This mixer offers a very simple user-interface, as well as the opportunity to have control over all steps of the mixing process. A user can select a delay not just by hours, but by the minute which is very useful. The tumbler gives the opportunity to use a calculator to understand the amount of money a user finally receives. The service fee is from 1 % to 5 % with fees for extra addresses (0.00045529 BTC, 0.01072904 LTC, and 0.00273174 BCH). Having funds from different resources helps the crypto mixer to keep userโs personal information undiscovered. This last mixer does not offer its users a Letter of Guarantee.Mixing Bitcoins is made simpler with Coin Mixer. A mixer available both on the Clearnet and the Tor network. Offers complete control over the time-delays and fund-distribution. Charges a static fee of 0.3%. Maximum number of output addresses allowed is 10. Each address is charged an additional 0.0001BTC. Largest possible mix is 100 BTC, while smallest accepted deposit is 0.002 BTC. No registration required. Has a No Logs Policy, retains logs for 7-days by default. Although users can delete logs anytime before the 7-day period manually. Does provide Certificate of Origin. Also has an โInstant Dispatchโ feature of delivering coins without any delay.Coin Mixer is a simple service that will increase your privacy while using Ethereum and making Ether transactions. Every single person have its right for a personal privacy even when transacting, trading or donating Ether. Due to ethereum blockchain features you are not completely anonymous while using ETH and here comes Ethereum Mixing Service to help you cut all ties between your old and fresh mixed ETH coins. Using Coin Mixer mixer makes almost impossible to trace your new Ethereum Address.. Pros: Doesnโt require registrationZero-log policy 3. Coinmize – Zero-log policy Coinmize offers a unique service with a high degree of confidentiality, which will ensure the anonymity of your payments, by using the mixing of multiple Bitcoin addresses. Our system works quickly, reliably and with a small commission โ only after the transfer and receipt of funds to the final address. Of course, all of the data about your transaction will be irretrievably deleted.Coinmize currently only supports Bitcoin mixes, however, it has plans to bring in ETH mixes in the near future. It has been featured on Bitcoin.com/ News BTC/ Crypto News/ The Next Web etc. hence building a bit of trust. Very modern, advanced, user-controlled interface. Allows upto 5 output addresses. Obviously, doesnโt keep any logs whatsoever. The user-control is impressive. You get to control the fund-distribution, as well as the time-delay for each output address manually. Even the fee can be set manually. The cheapest allowed fee is 0.5% which is more than acceptable. The highest is set at 5%. Obviously the 0.25mBTC blockchain transaction fee is attached on top of the selected fee. It even has a โstrength meterโ which shows how strong your mix is, based on all the factors youโve selected. No registration required whatsoever. And it does provide the mixing code to ensure all outputs are fresh and not linked to any of your previous deposits.This is by far the most unique Coinmize Iโve ever encountered till date; thatโs so pertaining to its โTime-travelโ feature! (Whoa!) Basically instead of operating on the traditional receive unclean coins > send clean coins process, it instead uses a create wallet > fund it with chips beforehand > receive unclean coins > grant access to the pre-funded wallet process! This lets users spend the clean coins even before the unclean coins were sent to the mixer (because the wallet was pre-funded) and thatโs the reason I termed it the time-travel mixer. Also it funds the wallets with โchipsโ which are not the same thing as Bitcoins, theyโre basically the private keys which can be exported to your Bitcoin wallets to fund your wallets with the amount the chips were worth. It also lets users bet their Chips which has a chance of doubling the worth of their chips, other advanced features include merging which lets users combine two big chips into one single chip, or splitting which divides one big chip into two smaller chips. Its fee structure too is an unique- โPay what you likeโ feature, which not only adds to user anonymity by randomizing the fee but also makes the service more affordable and customizable. Because users completely control when or how much funds they wish to withdraw, it translates into 100% user control on time-delays and distribution control. No logs are kept after a 7-day retention period; or there also is an option to manually scrub all logs whenever you wish prior to this 7-day period. The minimum deposit limit on the platform is 0.0001BTC.Coinmize bitcoin mixer is one of the few that allows large-volume transactions. The minimum size for a mixing operation is 0.001 BTC, any amount below this level is considered a donation and is not sent back to the client, there is no maximum transfer limit. The minimum commission is 0.5% with an additional fee of 0.0005 BTC for each incoming transaction. During the transaction, you will receive a letter of guarantee, as in all previously mentioned mixers. Pros: Proven track recordAllows extra payout addresses 4. Mixero – Excellent customer support Mixero supports Bitcoin and Litecoin cryptocurrencies bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.005 BTC, 0.015 LTC and the transaction fee is from 0.4% to 4% + mining fee 0.0003 for BTC, from 2% to 20% + mining fee 0.0003 for LTC. It supports multiple addresses of up to 5 and requires confirmation from 1 till 6. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program as well as a letter of guarantee.Mixero offers a good number of features and has a no logs policy. To get started, youโll need to deposit a minimum of 0.0015 BTC with no transaction fees charged. As an added plus, Mixero supports multiple addresses with a maximum of 5. You wonโt have to register to use this service โ which is great for those who prize their privacy. However, the site does not offer a referral program.Mixero is one of those mixing services that keep your crypto safe. The platform will take your bitcoin, mix it with other deposits, and give you the same amount of bitcoin in return. Itโs designed to reduce bitcoin tracking, โcleanโ your coins, and help ensure anonymity on the transparent bitcoin network. A bitcoin mixer service like BitMix.Biz will take your bitcoin, then give you different bitcoin in return. The platform collects everyoneโs bitcoin deposits, mixes them up into one central account, and then returns the bitcoins to users. You get the same amount of bitcoin (minus a fee), but different bitcoin from different parts of the blockchain. With BitMix.Biz, you get a letter of guarantee. That letter of guarantee is proof of BitMix.Bizโs obligations. When they give you their bitcoin address, theyโll provide a digitally-signed confirmation that this address has genuinely been generated by the server. That letter is always signed from the BitMix.Biz main bitcoin account (that account is publicly available on BitMix.Biz). The platform also uses a special 12 symbol โcodeโ to ensure you get your bitcoin back every time you use the service. You save that code. That code also 100% excludes you from receiving your own coins anytime in the future. With Mixero you will get: Fully Anonymity After your order is invalid, BitMix.Biz will remove any information about your transactions. Absolutely no logs or personality identifying information is kept regarding your use of the BitMix.Biz service. Instant Transfer Money is instantly transferred to your address after your transaction is confirmed. Partner Program Mixero pays users when they refer others to the platform. Theyโll pay for every transaction made by an invited user. The platform charges a mining fee of 0.4 to 4%. You can set the fee manually when youโre mixing your bitcoins. The address fee is 0.0005 BTC per output address to cover any transaction fees charged by miners. BitMix.Bizโs mixing process takes up to 24 hours, although itโs usually โalmost instantโ depending on the current service load. Youโre required to mix a minimum of 0.007 BTC and a maximum of 1000 BTC. Transactions outside this range will not be accepted.Mixero has a Bitcoin reserve of its own, consider it a chain of Bitcoins, when you send your BTC to Blender.io it sends your coins to the end of the chain and sends you fresh, new, unlinked coins from the beginning of the chain. Hence thereโs no link between the coins going in, and the coins coming out. Hence the public ledger would only be able to track the coins going from your wallet to the address of Blender.io but no further. Blender.io doesnโt require you to signup, register, or provide any kind of detail except the โreceiving addressโ! Thatโs the only thing it needs, there canโt be a better form of anonymity if you ask me. Since you provide no personal details, thereโs no way your identity can be compromised. Nor can it be linked back to you, since Mixero doesnโt know who you are. Blender.io is one of the most accommodating tumblers in this sense as well, most other tumblers offer 3-4 sets of delays, Blender.io offers as many as 24, yes one for each hour. It also lets you add as many as 8 new addresses for each transaction (most other tumblers allow no more than 5 addresses). Pros: Excellent customer support Offers a low minimum deposit of 0.002 BTC 5. Bitcoin Laundry – Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Bitcoin Laundry is a Bitcoin cleaner, tumbler, shifter, mixer and a lot more. It has a completely different working principal than most other mixers on this list. So, it has two different reserves of coins, one for Bitcoin and the other for Monero. It cleans coins by converting them to the other Cryptocurrency. So, you can either clean your Bitcoins and receive Monero in return, or vice-versa. The interface is pretty straight-forward. You simply choose your input and output coins, and enter your output address. For now, only 1 output address is supported which we believe simplifies things. The fee is fixed which further makes it easier to use. You either pay 0.0002 BTC when converting BTC to XMR, or 0.03442 XMR when converting XMR to BTC. It also provides a secret key which can be used to check transaction status, or get in touch with support. The process doesnโt take long either, Bitcoin Laundry only demands 1 confirmation before processing the mixes. Bitcoin amounts as low as 0003BTC and XMR as low as 0.05 can be mixed. It doesnโt require any registrations so obviously thereโs no KYC. The company seems to hate the govt. and has a strict no-log policy as well.Bitcoin Laundry is unique in the sense that it offers support for both Bitcoin and Ethereum. The site does not require registration and has a minimum deposit requirement of 0.2 BTC. Transaction fees range from 2 โ 5% depending on the amount that is being transferred. There is no referral program offer for Bitcoin Laundry and multiple addresses are not supported. Finally, letters of guarantee are not provided.Bitcoin Laundry is one of the most reputable and most user-friendly (in terms of the process and the rate of the fees per transaction) Bitcoin mixing platform available for users right now. It offers a straightforward process and flexible service fees that can be determined by the users themselves, depending on the service that they want.Letโs take a look at another one of the leading bitcoin mixers which is incredibly easy to operate. Bitcoin Laundry has a straightforward interface and it is worth mentioning that the service fee is the lowest possible, it is 0.0% with 0.0002 BTC per extra address. Retention period is 7 days when it is easy for a user to manually remove all the logs which are saved for this period because of any future transaction-related problems. There is a time-delay feature, however, it is not possible to be controlled by a user but the mixing platform only. Pros: It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitSecure Exchange
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What marks Mixer Money out from the crowd is the fact that this crypto mixer is able to process transactions for Bitcoin and Litecoin. There is a minimum deposit requirement for both Bitcoin and Litecoin. The site is able to support a maximum of 5 multiple addresses with confirmation required for all addresses. No site registration is required and there is a referral program in place. Additionally, Mixer Money can provide clients with a letter of guarantee. Yomix : Zero-log policy Mixero : Excellent customer support Bitcoin Laundry : Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Bitcoin Mixer : It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit Coin Mixer : Fast payouts 1. Yomix – Zero-log policy Another coin scrambler Mixtum offers you a so-called free trial period what means that there are no service or transaction fee charged. The process of getting renewed coins is also quite unique, as the tumbler requires a request to be sent over Tor or Clearnet and renewed coins are acquired from stock exchanges.Grams itself is a brand on the Darknet so I believe not much needs to be said about it. Grams Helix is one of its subsidiaries and is one of the most reputed and widely used Yomix services out there, itโs simple, modern, and definitely trustworthy. Grams supports only Bitcoins for now. It needs 2 confirmations before it cleans and sends you your coins. It obviously supports time-delay, but itโs automatically set to โ2 hoursโ for some reasons. It also supports โRandom transactionsโ for the deposit, the deposit address changes after each transaction and allows you to send more than 1 transactions to Grams Helix instead of sending in all your coins in a single go. The same is also supported for the โoutput addressesโ (where you receive coins) and you can input as many as 5 different BTC addresses where your coins are sent after cleaning them. The coin-deposit address is valid for 8 hours, and any transaction not done within these 8 hours wonโt be received by the platform.Yomix is unique in the sense that it offers support for both Bitcoin and Ethereum. The site does not require registration and has a minimum deposit requirement of 0.2 BTC. Transaction fees range from 2 โ 5% depending on the amount that is being transferred. There is no referral program offer for Yomix and multiple addresses are not supported. Finally, letters of guarantee are not provided.Yomix supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.001 BTC and the transaction fee is 0.5โ3%. It supports multiple addresses of up to 10 and requires confirmation. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program. Letter of guarantee is provided. Pros: Zero-log policy Proven track record 2. Mixero – Excellent customer support Compared to other Bitcoin tumblers, Mixero stands out from the crowd thanks to the additional anonymity offered. Users are given the option to split and merge coins into different wallets to various addresses. Additionally, Mixero provides support for unlimited addresses and does not require user registration. Although only Bitcoin is supported and there are no referral programs, ChipMixer does not charge users with any service fees. With the option to donate BTCs being made available.Another trustworthy mixer is Mixero which supports two cryptocurrencies with Ethereum to be added soon. The mixing process is quite typical and similar to the processes on other tumblers. It is possible to set a time-delay option up to 72 hours and a sender has an opportunity to split the transaction, so the funds are sent to several addresses. Thus, senderโs funds are more secured and untraceable.Another coin scrambler Mixtum offers you a so-called free trial period what means that there are no service or transaction fee charged. The process of getting renewed coins is also quite unique, as the tumbler requires a request to be sent over Tor or Clearnet and renewed coins are acquired from stock exchanges.Mixero works by removing the link between your old and current addresses. Since the mixer destroys any connection between them, your traces of transactions and your identity become untraceable. The main advantage is the low commission. Bitcoin Laundry is a donation platform. They charge no service fees, only a transaction fee of 0.0002 BTC to the exit address, while transactions from 0.0005 to 38 BTC are supported. You can set 5 addresses and specify what percentage of the total amount will be returned to each address. You can select predefined or random payment delays for each address, making it even more difficult to track the transaction. Bitcoin Laundry boasts a โno logโ retention period policy and also allows users to manually delete logs with just one click if they wish. Pros: It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitExcellent customer support 3. Bitcoin Laundry – Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Bitcoin Laundry provides all the anonymity and protection that comes standard with a Bitcoin mixer, as well as many optional features and benefits that you wonโt find anywhere else. If you use a new address for withdrawal, the coins you receive back are completely separated from your previous history on the blockchain, so it is almost impossible to link the transaction history with your personality. SmartMix commission is only 0.5% of the deposit amount plus 0.0001 BTC / 0.00005 BCH for each exit address. 5 output addresses can be set. The privacy policy makes it possible to delete all mixing information as soon as it is completed. The resource provides fast and reliable mixing of bitcoins through a simple and attractive user interface. Bitcoin Laundry has made two additional functions for its clients in contrast to its colleagues: 1. Affiliate program. Share your anonymous referral link and earn cryptocurrency bonuses. For each mixing operation performed on your link, you receive 50% of the service fee. 2. Loyalty reward program. Use your anonymous SmartClub code with every mixing operation to receive service charge discounts. The more you mix, the more you save.Letโs take a look at another one of the leading bitcoin mixers which is incredibly easy to operate. Bitcoin Laundry has a straightforward interface and it is worth mentioning that the service fee is the lowest possible, it is 0.0% with 0.0002 BTC per extra address. Retention period is 7 days when it is easy for a user to manually remove all the logs which are saved for this period because of any future transaction-related problems. There is a time-delay feature, however, it is not possible to be controlled by a user but the mixing platform only.Bitcoin Laundry runs on the Darknet and is one of the most popular Bitcoin toggle switches. This dark service uses new technology, it doesnโt just clean up your coins, you get brand new coins that have never been on the dark web. The cleaning process can take no more than 4 hours. To carry out cleaning on Helix in the basic version of Grams, you need to register, in the versions of Helix Light and Helix Market this is not necessary. If you still decide to use the Grams version, you will have to pay an entrance fee of 0.01 BTC. Helix has an additional feature (Auto-Helix) that allows you to specify which addresses your coins will be mixed with when they are credited to your account. Helix also enforces a โno logโ policy, all logs are deleted automatically after 7 days or by the user immediately after completion of the output. Helix has a third party server not connected to Grams. A number of Bitcoin client programs that he uses are located on a completely separate server from Helix and Grams. Even if Grams is attacked or compromised, Helix will not be affected.Bitcoin Laundry is unique in the sense that it offers support for both Bitcoin and Ethereum. The site does not require registration and has a minimum deposit requirement of 0.2 BTC. Transaction fees range from 2 โ 5% depending on the amount that is being transferred. There is no referral program offer for Bitcoin Laundry and multiple addresses are not supported. Finally, letters of guarantee are not provided. Pros: Excellent customer support Fast payouts 4. Bitcoin Mixer – It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitBased on the experience of many users on the Internet, Bitcoin Mixer is one of the leading Bitcoin tumblers that has ever appeared. This scrambler supports not only Bitcoins, but also other above-mentioned cryptocurrencies. Exactly this platform allows a user to exchange the coins, in other words to send one type of coins and get them back in another type of coins. This process even increases userโs anonymity. Time-delay feature helps to make a transaction untraceable, as it can be set up to 24 hours. There is a transaction fee of 0.0005 for each extra address.Being honest, this isnโt the most feature-rich or control-rich Bitcoin Mixer mixer thatโs available out there. However, it still averages mixes over 700Bitcoin/day (claimed, not verified). The coins are claimed to be sourced from mining pools in the U.S, China and Europe. Obviously they do not keep any logs. Unfortunately, only 1 output address is allowed which is a bit of a downer. The time-delay can fully be set manually. It can be as low as 0 hours, or as high as 48 hours. Any other delay between this frame can be set using the provided slider. The fee isnโt randomized, neither is it user-controlled. Itโs set at a solid 0.1% for all transactions. Accepts a minimum Bitcoin deposit of 0.010BTC. Maximum funds which can be currently mixed stand at 677 BTC. Number of required confirmations depend on the amount. Only 1 is required for mixes below 2.5BTC. For 25 BTC it needs 3 confirmations. 4 confirmations for 40BTC and 5 confirmations for 50 BTC are required respectively. Doesnโt require registrations.Bitcoin Mixer supports Bitcoin and Litecoin cryptocurrencies bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.005 BTC, 0.015 LTC and the transaction fee is from 0.4% to 4% + mining fee 0.0003 for BTC, from 2% to 20% + mining fee 0.0003 for LTC. It supports multiple addresses of up to 5 and requires confirmation from 1 till 6. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program as well as a letter of guarantee.In the past, Bitcoin Mixer was one of the most popular Bitcoin mixers available in the cryptocurrency world. The first of its kind, this bitcoin mixer was shut down temporarily before returning to limited service. Nowadays, Bitcoin Mixer is primarily used to facilitate anonymous individual transactions. Pros: Offers a low minimum deposit of 0.002 BTC Excellent customer support 5. Coin Mixer – Fast payouts Coin Mixer is a Bitcoin mixing service that provides privacy by using the โBitcoin Mixer 2.0โ algorithm to shuffle bitcoins. Unlike other similar tumbling services that mix your coins with the coins of other users, this platform mixes your crypto with the crypto bought by them directly from the cryptocurrency stock exchanges. Coin Mixer verifies the newly purchased coins with a scoring system with the help of innovative algorithms and outfoxes such technologies as blockchain volume analysis, cluster analysis, taint analysis, etc. It means that you will receive your BTC back split into random parts, and even at the different addresses if needed. Consequently, your privacy is protected as there is no connection to you. And it takes up to 6 hours to complete your request. Another privacy feature of this mixer service is that it does not require registration and it does not store logs. All the transactions are digitally signed with letters of guarantee that you can check on the website at any moment. They also provide 24/7 technical support. MixTum.io will charge you a 5% Fee from your transaction as well as a network fee of 0.00015 BTC. The platform provides two versions โ for Clearnet and Tor browsers.Bitcoin Blender isnโt as heavily decorated as Coin Mixer, as far as the webpage design goes. But the services and reviews are in no way less as compared to any of the top Bitcoin Tumbler services on the web. Itโs a service functional since 2014, and offers two different kind of accounts: Quickmix: Requires no login, but offers lesser control Login enabled account: Requires you to login, provides for more control than the quickmix account. The mixing service is only accessible from its Onion URL, and even though it has a clearnet URL, it primarily only serves an educational purpose. Itโs exclusively a Bitcoin mixing service, and supports only Bitcoin. As for the fee, it doesnโt have anything specific, and charges a random fee between 1-3%. This is done to keep our Bitcoins anonymous and more secure, rather than tagging them with a specific fee. Although thereโs a special program, or incentive so to say, if amounts worth more than 10 BTC are deposited within a time-frame of 7 days, the fee is reduced by half! Obviously, there also is the time-delay feature, allowing us to delay the transaction by as much as 24 hours. As for security, it supports 2-factor authentication, facilitated with a customized PGP key which ensures only the holder of the PGP key along with the knowledge of the password can access your accounts. It also supports as many as 5 simultaneous deposit addresses, which get you the power to deposit unmixed funds by splitting them into more than one single transaction. And finally, thereโs a no logs policy as well, and all the data including deposit addresses and support messages are deleted after 10 days.Coin Mixer has a deposit requirement of 0.001 BTC and supports a maximum of 2 different addresses. Registration is not compulsory but there is a service charge of 4 โ 5% on the amount being transferred. For those with a need for additional privacy, Coin Mixer also accepts Bitcoins with a no log policy.Coin Mixer bitcoin mixer is one of the few that allows large-volume transactions. The minimum size for a mixing operation is 0.001 BTC, any amount below this level is considered a donation and is not sent back to the client, there is no maximum transfer limit. The minimum commission is 0.5% with an additional fee of 0.0005 BTC for each incoming transaction. During the transaction, you will receive a letter of guarantee, as in all previously mentioned mixers. Pros: 24/7 customer support User-controlled time delays
Coinmize is a Bitcoin mixing service that provides privacy by using the โBitcoin Mixer 2.0โ algorithm to shuffle bitcoins. Unlike other similar tumbling services that mix your coins with the coins of other users, this platform mixes your crypto with the crypto bought by them directly from the cryptocurrency stock exchanges. Coinmize verifies the newly purchased coins with a scoring system with the help of innovative algorithms and outfoxes such technologies as blockchain volume analysis, cluster analysis, taint analysis, etc. It means that you will receive your BTC back split into random parts, and even at the different addresses if needed. Consequently, your privacy is protected as there is no connection to you. And it takes up to 6 hours to complete your request. Another privacy feature of this mixer service is that it does not require registration and it does not store logs. All the transactions are digitally signed with letters of guarantee that you can check on the website at any moment. They also provide 24/7 technical support. MixTum.io will charge you a 5% Fee from your transaction as well as a network fee of 0.00015 BTC. The platform provides two versions โ for Clearnet and Tor browsers. Yomix : Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Coinmize : Zero-log policy Coin Mixer : Fast payouts Bitcoin Mixer : It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit Mixero : Excellent customer support 1. Yomix – Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Straight off, Yomix is the only Bitcoin Tumbler weโve ever crossed paths with which offers a โFree trialโ! The free trial obviously doesnโt mean theyโll just send you free money; rather no fee or commission is charged for this free trial although itโs limited to, and is exclusive for 0.0001BTC tumbling only. Their process of acquiring the clean coins is quite unique, obtained from various stock exchanges such as DigiFinex, Cryptonex, Binance and so on; ensuring cleaner coins than some other questionable sources pertaining to their claimed check using a proprietary algorithm. In the background, a userโs money is first mixed in their pre-mixer with other coins; then sent to the stock exchanges for further mixing with other tradersโ coins and then summoned back to be sent back to the users. The major flaw with the tumbler however is its lack of user-control, users have absolutely no control over the time-delays meaning you canโt specify the duration gap between the outputs rather itโs randomized between 1-6 hours. Distribution-control too canโt be controlled and the mixer sends randomized outputs to the addresses. The fee canโt be controlled by the users either and is again randomly set between 4-5%+ 0.00015 BTC network fee, truth be told itโs one of the highest tumbler fee weโve ever seen. The minimum deposit limit is 0.0001 BTC and the maximum being 50BTC/ transaction.How it works: unlike other mixers, this site cleans coins with bitcoins purchased by them on cryptocurrency exchanges. Yomix io examines purchased coins using a scoring system with innovative algorithms and the use of technologies such as blockchain volume analysis, cluster analysis, pollution analysis, etc. After that, you will receive your BTC back, divided into random parts, and even sent in different addresses, if necessary. The whole process takes about 6 hours. The mixer does not require registration and does not store any logs. After each mixing operation, a letter of guarantee is sent, and information about it is eliminated after 24 hours, ensuring complete anonymity. The service also provides round-the-clock technical support. MixTum io charges a flat fee of 5% of the transaction, as well as a network fee of 0.00015 BTC. The program has two versions โ for regular browsers and Tor.Bitcoin Blender isnโt as heavily decorated as Yomix, as far as the webpage design goes. But the services and reviews are in no way less as compared to any of the top Bitcoin Tumbler services on the web. Itโs a service functional since 2014, and offers two different kind of accounts: Quickmix: Requires no login, but offers lesser control Login enabled account: Requires you to login, provides for more control than the quickmix account. The mixing service is only accessible from its Onion URL, and even though it has a clearnet URL, it primarily only serves an educational purpose. Itโs exclusively a Bitcoin mixing service, and supports only Bitcoin. As for the fee, it doesnโt have anything specific, and charges a random fee between 1-3%. This is done to keep our Bitcoins anonymous and more secure, rather than tagging them with a specific fee. Although thereโs a special program, or incentive so to say, if amounts worth more than 10 BTC are deposited within a time-frame of 7 days, the fee is reduced by half! Obviously, there also is the time-delay feature, allowing us to delay the transaction by as much as 24 hours. As for security, it supports 2-factor authentication, facilitated with a customized PGP key which ensures only the holder of the PGP key along with the knowledge of the password can access your accounts. It also supports as many as 5 simultaneous deposit addresses, which get you the power to deposit unmixed funds by splitting them into more than one single transaction. And finally, thereโs a no logs policy as well, and all the data including deposit addresses and support messages are deleted after 10 days.It is one of the best tumblers with a good number of features. It supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.0015 BTC and the transaction fee is 0.0% service fee along with an additional 0.0002 BTC per payout address. It supports multiple addresses of up to 5 and requires confirmation. No registration is required and Yomix does not offer a referral program. Pros: No-logs policiExcellent customer support 2. Coinmize – Zero-log policy The principle of operation of the resource is that Coinmize sends coins of all users to a single account, mixes them, and then distributes coins to users. You get the same amount (minus commission) of already cleared bitcoins, including several from different parts of the blockchain. Which makes it almost impossible to analyze it. The mixer also sends you a letter of guarantee. This letter of guarantee is a confirmation of the obligations of BitMix biz and that the service has generated an address for the user to send. This email is always signed from the main bitcoin account Coinmize (publicly available at BitMix biz). The service also uses a unique code of 12 characters, after that, this user will never receive exactly his own coins back. Save this code it will be needed for the affiliate program. BitMix biz includes an affiliate program and pays users when they bring other users to the platform. You will receive a fee for every transaction you refer to. BitMix bizโs robust privacy policy is backed by several points: No registration and identity verification required. Transaction history is deleted after 72 hours. The randomization function makes the analysis of the protocol more difficult. Tor browser support.It is a simple service with a high level of anonymity. The Coinmize mixing process is very simple and only takes a couple of minutes. You need to select one of the three supported cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash), enter the withdrawal address, set the transaction delay for any time up to 72 hours, send the coins to the specified address and wait for their delivery to the destination. This site is unlike the other three mixing pools. You can mix userโs coins: with incoming coins of other customers, private reserves of the service and investor coins. The service does not require registration. The mixing commission is not large and is taken from the mining commission, which is very convenient. The referral program at SmartMixer is one of the most profitable, during the first mixing operation you receive a smart code that is required to receive a discount on the commission, this discount can reach โ 70%. After each transaction, the user receives a letter of guarantee. All data about it is deleted after a day, while maintaining the complete anonymity of the client.Coinmize is another simple yet trustworthy Bitcoin Tumbler service. And one of the primary differences it has compared to the other platforms on this list is that it can accommodate really โlarge volume transactionsโ. There is no maximum transaction limit as such, considering how their reserve is really huge and youโll need to be a millionaire before you can run them out of funds. If any limit is breached, you are notified before you make the payment. The minimum transaction 0.001BTC, any amount lower than this is is considered a donation, like in the case of PriveCoin, and isnโt sent back to the customer. The minimum fee is 0.5%, with an additional 0.0005BTC for every deposited transaction. You can set a custom fee for added anonymity and they also provide a letter or guarantee like all the mentionable Bitcoin Tumblers out there.And last but not least, there is a coin mixer with a number of cryptocurrencies to tumbler named Coinmize. At the moment, there are three currencies and Ethereum is going to be represented in future. This mixer offers a very simple user-interface, as well as the opportunity to have control over all steps of the mixing process. A user can select a delay not just by hours, but by the minute which is very useful. The tumbler gives the opportunity to use a calculator to understand the amount of money a user finally receives. The service fee is from 1 % to 5 % with fees for extra addresses (0.00045529 BTC, 0.01072904 LTC, and 0.00273174 BCH). Having funds from different resources helps the crypto mixer to keep userโs personal information undiscovered. This last mixer does not offer its users a Letter of Guarantee. Pros: Available in Tor Fast payouts 3. Coin Mixer – Fast payouts Coin Mixer offers a unique service with a high degree of confidentiality, which will ensure the anonymity of your payments, by using the mixing of multiple Bitcoin addresses. Our system works quickly, reliably and with a small commission โ only after the transfer and receipt of funds to the final address. Of course, all of the data about your transaction will be irretrievably deleted.It is a simple service with a high level of anonymity. The Coin Mixer mixing process is very simple and only takes a couple of minutes. You need to select one of the three supported cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash), enter the withdrawal address, set the transaction delay for any time up to 72 hours, send the coins to the specified address and wait for their delivery to the destination. This site is unlike the other three mixing pools. You can mix userโs coins: with incoming coins of other customers, private reserves of the service and investor coins. The service does not require registration. The mixing commission is not large and is taken from the mining commission, which is very convenient. The referral program at SmartMixer is one of the most profitable, during the first mixing operation you receive a smart code that is required to receive a discount on the commission, this discount can reach โ 70%. After each transaction, the user receives a letter of guarantee. All data about it is deleted after a day, while maintaining the complete anonymity of the client.Two cryptocurrencies are also supported on Coin Mixer mixing service. This scrambler is listed because it works quickly and it is reliable. The transaction fee is really low, only the amount of 0.0001 BTC needs to be sent for every extra address. Splitting deposited coins between 5 addresses is also extremely helpful for keeping userโs anonymity. Every user is able to choose an additional option of delaying the payment meaning that the transaction is becoming even more anonymous.Another trustworthy mixer is Coin Mixer which supports two cryptocurrencies with Ethereum to be added soon. The mixing process is quite typical and similar to the processes on other tumblers. It is possible to set a time-delay option up to 72 hours and a sender has an opportunity to split the transaction, so the funds are sent to several addresses. Thus, senderโs funds are more secured and untraceable. Pros: Excellent customer support Provides user-controlled time delays 4. Bitcoin Mixer – It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitBitcoin Mixer is one of the most reputable and most user-friendly (in terms of the process and the rate of the fees per transaction) Bitcoin mixing platform available for users right now. It offers a straightforward process and flexible service fees that can be determined by the users themselves, depending on the service that they want.And last but not least, there is a coin mixer with a number of cryptocurrencies to tumbler named Bitcoin Mixer. At the moment, there are three currencies and Ethereum is going to be represented in future. This mixer offers a very simple user-interface, as well as the opportunity to have control over all steps of the mixing process. A user can select a delay not just by hours, but by the minute which is very useful. The tumbler gives the opportunity to use a calculator to understand the amount of money a user finally receives. The service fee is from 1 % to 5 % with fees for extra addresses (0.00045529 BTC, 0.01072904 LTC, and 0.00273174 BCH). Having funds from different resources helps the crypto mixer to keep userโs personal information undiscovered. This last mixer does not offer its users a Letter of Guarantee.How it works: it has its own cryptocurrency reserve, which can be represented as a chain of bitcoins. When you transfer your funds to the Blender io, the resource sends your funds to the end of the chain and sends you new coins from the beginning of the chain that have nothing to do with the old coins. therefore, there can be no connection between incoming and outgoing coins. Only coins that go from your wallet to the Bitcoin Mixer address can be tracked through the public ledger, but no further. Blender io does not require you to register or provide any information other than the โreceiving addressโ! It does not require identity confirmation and registration, but it is mandatory to provide in addition to the โreceiving addressโ. The additional withdrawal delay feature has been extended to the maximum and offers installation up to 24 times a day. Other servers do not have such a wide range of latencies. Each set of unrefined coins can be split into as many as 8 pieces and sent to different addresses with an additional fee of 0.00008 BTC per address.How it works: you fill in the whole amount of the resource account and the Bitcoin Mixer system divides it into small amounts and distributes them to different wallets, mixing them with the coins of other clients or with bitcoins taken on a foreign cryptocurrency exchange, you also get them in small portions to your wallet already washed. This process increases the anonymity of your coins. Features of the service: The main difference between this server is that it has 2 different mixing modes. Cleaning is carried out automatically.In one of the modes, pure BTC is received through foreign cryptocurrency exchanges. Guarantees with PGP signatures are used. Low and high minimum and maximum entry thresholds from 0.001 BTC to 50 BTC. The mixing procedure takes up to 6 hours. Note that there are services that offer to wait 1-2 days. Registration on this platform is not required. Cleaning is carried out automatically. Data encryption is practiced. At the time of writing, Bitcoin Mixer is one of the best BTC mixing services out there. We definitely recommend it. Pros: Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Offers a low minimum deposit of 0.002 BTC 5. Mixero – Excellent customer support One absolutely unique crypto mixing service is Mixero because it is based on the totally different principle comparing to other services. A user does not just deposit coins to mix, but creates a wallet and funds it with chips from 0.01 BTC to 8.192 BTC which a user can break down according to their wishes. After chips are included in the wallet, a wallet holder can deposit coins to process. As the chips are sent to the mixing service beforehand, next transactions are nowhere to be found and there is no opportunity to connect them with the wallet owner. There is no usual fee for transactions on this mixing service: it uses โPay what you likeโ feature. It means that the fee is randomized making transactions even more incognito and the service itself more affordable. Retention period is 7 days and every user has a chance to manually clear all logs prior to this period.How it works: you fill in the whole amount of the resource account and the Mixero system divides it into small amounts and distributes them to different wallets, mixing them with the coins of other clients or with bitcoins taken on a foreign cryptocurrency exchange, you also get them in small portions to your wallet already washed. This process increases the anonymity of your coins. Features of the service: The main difference between this server is that it has 2 different mixing modes. Cleaning is carried out automatically.In one of the modes, pure BTC is received through foreign cryptocurrency exchanges. Guarantees with PGP signatures are used. Low and high minimum and maximum entry thresholds from 0.001 BTC to 50 BTC. The mixing procedure takes up to 6 hours. Note that there are services that offer to wait 1-2 days. Registration on this platform is not required. Cleaning is carried out automatically. Data encryption is practiced. At the time of writing, Mixero is one of the best BTC mixing services out there. We definitely recommend it.Bitcoin Mixer as the name suggests is another mixer, which lets us mix Mixero. Itโs an onion-only service, and the lack of a clearnet version increases anonymity. Offers quite a bit of control to the users regarding percentage distribution and time-delays. Percentage distribution can be specified manually, while time-delays can only be โselectedโ from the provided options. Minimum possible delay is 1hour, maximum being 24 Hours, with multiple choices in between. Although โinstantโ payouts without any delay are possible as well. A total of 5 output addresses can be specified for each mix. The fee isnโt user-controlled, and is set at 1% of the mix. Each additional address costs an additional 0.000001 BTC. They do not store any logs whatsoever. The minimum deposit requirement is 0.0002 BTC, smaller deposits are considered donations and arenโt refunded.If youโre looking for a mixer which neither keeps any logs, nor asks you to register; Mixero is an option you can peek at. It does offer registrations in case youโd want to keep things professional, organized and are a frequent mixer. Itโs one of the very few mixers which offer โmultiple deposit addressesโ (upto 5); so you can break the deposit into multiple parts which add upto your total amount. Even offers 2-FA (via PGP) for account security. It also acts as a BTC aXMR a BTC convertor which further adds anonymity. The fee is randomized between a minimum 1% and a maximum 4%. Minimum Withdrawal and deposit limits are acceptable, currently 0.00045 BTC and 0.0018 BTC respectively. Upto 10 additional addresses supported for each output. Time-delays arenโt completely user-controlled, yet users get to specify the maximum delay they want for the total output. All outputs are processed before this timer is reached. Instant withdrawal too available. Pros: Has impressive time delaysIt offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit
Another coin scrambler Mixtum offers you a so-called free trial period what means that there are no service or transaction fee charged. The process of getting renewed coins is also quite unique, as the tumbler requires a request to be sent over Tor or Clearnet and renewed coins are acquired from stock exchanges. Yomix : Fast payouts Coinmize : Zero-log policy Mixero : Excellent customer support Bitcoin Laundry : Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Bitcoin Mixer : It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit 1. Yomix – Fast payouts Yomix supports Bitcoin and Litecoin cryptocurrencies bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.005 BTC, 0.015 LTC and the transaction fee is from 0.4% to 4% + mining fee 0.0003 for BTC, from 2% to 20% + mining fee 0.0003 for LTC. It supports multiple addresses of up to 5 and requires confirmation from 1 till 6. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program as well as a letter of guarantee.Yomix offers a good number of features and has a no logs policy. To get started, youโll need to deposit a minimum of 0.0015 BTC with no transaction fees charged. As an added plus, Yomix supports multiple addresses with a maximum of 5. You wonโt have to register to use this service โ which is great for those who prize their privacy. However, the site does not offer a referral program.Yomix is a Bitcoin cleaner, tumbler, shifter, mixer and a lot more. It has a completely different working principal than most other mixers on this list. So, it has two different reserves of coins, one for Bitcoin and the other for Monero. It cleans coins by converting them to the other Cryptocurrency. So, you can either clean your Bitcoins and receive Monero in return, or vice-versa. The interface is pretty straight-forward. You simply choose your input and output coins, and enter your output address. For now, only 1 output address is supported which we believe simplifies things. The fee is fixed which further makes it easier to use. You either pay 0.0002 BTC when converting BTC to XMR, or 0.03442 XMR when converting XMR to BTC. It also provides a secret key which can be used to check transaction status, or get in touch with support. The process doesnโt take long either, Yomix only demands 1 confirmation before processing the mixes. Bitcoin amounts as low as 0003BTC and XMR as low as 0.05 can be mixed. It doesnโt require any registrations so obviously thereโs no KYC. The company seems to hate the govt. and has a strict no-log policy as well.Straight off, Yomix is the only Bitcoin Tumbler weโve ever crossed paths with which offers a โFree trialโ! The free trial obviously doesnโt mean theyโll just send you free money; rather no fee or commission is charged for this free trial although itโs limited to, and is exclusive for 0.0001BTC tumbling only. Their process of acquiring the clean coins is quite unique, obtained from various stock exchanges such as DigiFinex, Cryptonex, Binance and so on; ensuring cleaner coins than some other questionable sources pertaining to their claimed check using a proprietary algorithm. In the background, a userโs money is first mixed in their pre-mixer with other coins; then sent to the stock exchanges for further mixing with other tradersโ coins and then summoned back to be sent back to the users. The major flaw with the tumbler however is its lack of user-control, users have absolutely no control over the time-delays meaning you canโt specify the duration gap between the outputs rather itโs randomized between 1-6 hours. Distribution-control too canโt be controlled and the mixer sends randomized outputs to the addresses. The fee canโt be controlled by the users either and is again randomly set between 4-5%+ 0.00015 BTC network fee, truth be told itโs one of the highest tumbler fee weโve ever seen. The minimum deposit limit is 0.0001 BTC and the maximum being 50BTC/ transaction. Pros: Proven track recordProvides user-controlled time delays 2. Coinmize – Zero-log policy It is one of the best tumblers with a good number of features. It supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.0015 BTC and the transaction fee is 0.0% service fee along with an additional 0.0002 BTC per payout address. It supports multiple addresses of up to 5 and requires confirmation. No registration is required and Coinmize does not offer a referral program.Coinmize only supports Bitcoin transactions and requires customers to deposit a minimum of 0.001 BTC. Transaction fees range from 0.5 to 3% depending on the amount that is being transferred. This Bitcoin mixer supports multiple addresses and custom options (max of 10). Nonetheless, confirmation is required. Coinmize does not have a referral program in place.Coinmize is one of its kind and requires special mention. It supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency and is clearly unknown on the point of no logs policy. It requires a deposit of at least 0.01 BTC and the transaction fee is 2% along with the 0.0004 BTC network fee. It supports multiple addresses of up to 10 and requires confirmation of 1. No registration is required and it does not offer a referral program. However, the letter of guarantee is provided.Two cryptocurrencies are also supported on Coinmize mixing service. This scrambler is listed because it works quickly and it is reliable. The transaction fee is really low, only the amount of 0.0001 BTC needs to be sent for every extra address. Splitting deposited coins between 5 addresses is also extremely helpful for keeping userโs anonymity. Every user is able to choose an additional option of delaying the payment meaning that the transaction is becoming even more anonymous. Pros: It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitIt has a positive reputation among the Bitcoin community 3. Mixero – Excellent customer support Mixero is a coin cleaning service that can hide your footprints in the cryptocurrency world. Currently, Mixero has a minimum withdrawal threshold of 0.03500000 BTC, so users are advised to transfer more than the entry threshold plus commission, otherwise they will not be able to withdraw funds. The client is given 5 exit addresses to be set. If for some reason, even after a delay of two hours, the userโs balance does not update, then the client can contact the support service to take action. For users who have been inactive for several days, it can take up to 15 minutes after logging in before you see outstanding deposits. The logs are kept for 7 days after which they are automatically deleted. The platform runs on a dedicated server that is openly connected via the Internet (you donโt need to do this when using the Tor browser). The Bitcoin mixer runs on a different machine, all suspicious activity is monitored and the website is automatically blocked on any signal that it is under intrusion.Mixero is one of the most reputable and most user-friendly (in terms of the process and the rate of the fees per transaction) Bitcoin mixing platform available for users right now. It offers a straightforward process and flexible service fees that can be determined by the users themselves, depending on the service that they want.This is by far the most unique Mixero Iโve ever encountered till date; thatโs so pertaining to its โTime-travelโ feature! (Whoa!) Basically instead of operating on the traditional receive unclean coins > send clean coins process, it instead uses a create wallet > fund it with chips beforehand > receive unclean coins > grant access to the pre-funded wallet process! This lets users spend the clean coins even before the unclean coins were sent to the mixer (because the wallet was pre-funded) and thatโs the reason I termed it the time-travel mixer. Also it funds the wallets with โchipsโ which are not the same thing as Bitcoins, theyโre basically the private keys which can be exported to your Bitcoin wallets to fund your wallets with the amount the chips were worth. It also lets users bet their Chips which has a chance of doubling the worth of their chips, other advanced features include merging which lets users combine two big chips into one single chip, or splitting which divides one big chip into two smaller chips. Its fee structure too is an unique- โPay what you likeโ feature, which not only adds to user anonymity by randomizing the fee but also makes the service more affordable and customizable. Because users completely control when or how much funds they wish to withdraw, it translates into 100% user control on time-delays and distribution control. No logs are kept after a 7-day retention period; or there also is an option to manually scrub all logs whenever you wish prior to this 7-day period. The minimum deposit limit on the platform is 0.0001BTC.Mixero is unique in the sense that it offers support for both Bitcoin and Ethereum. The site does not require registration and has a minimum deposit requirement of 0.2 BTC. Transaction fees range from 2 โ 5% depending on the amount that is being transferred. There is no referral program offer for Mixero and multiple addresses are not supported. Finally, letters of guarantee are not provided. Pros: Zero-log policy It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit 4. Bitcoin Laundry – Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Mixing Bitcoins is made simpler with Bitcoin Laundry. A mixer available both on the Clearnet and the Tor network. Offers complete control over the time-delays and fund-distribution. Charges a static fee of 0.3%. Maximum number of output addresses allowed is 10. Each address is charged an additional 0.0001BTC. Largest possible mix is 100 BTC, while smallest accepted deposit is 0.002 BTC. No registration required. Has a No Logs Policy, retains logs for 7-days by default. Although users can delete logs anytime before the 7-day period manually. Does provide Certificate of Origin. Also has an โInstant Dispatchโ feature of delivering coins without any delay.As well as others, Bitcoin Laundry has both a clear-web CryptoMixer. This mixing service is notable for accommodating extremely large-volume transactions. After public verification of their reserve of 2000 BTC there is no doubt that users can trust this mixing service and their cryprocurrencies will not be taken. The number of needed confirmations differs depending on the deposited amount, e.g. for depositing less that 25 BTC there is only 1 confirmation needed, in case of sending more than 1000 BTC a user needs to gather 5 confirmations. To use this platform, a Bitcoin Laundry code needs to be created. A user should note it, so it is easy to use it next time. After entering a CryptoMixer code, users need to provide the output address or several of them and then set a time-delay feature. A delay time is determined automatically and a user can modify it if needed. A service fee can be also selected from the table depending on the sent sum. Each transaction requires additional fee of 0.0005 BTC. Also, a calculator on the main page helps every user to see the amount of crypto money sent and got back after mixing.Bitcoin Mixer as the name suggests is another mixer, which lets us mix Bitcoin Laundry. Itโs an onion-only service, and the lack of a clearnet version increases anonymity. Offers quite a bit of control to the users regarding percentage distribution and time-delays. Percentage distribution can be specified manually, while time-delays can only be โselectedโ from the provided options. Minimum possible delay is 1hour, maximum being 24 Hours, with multiple choices in between. Although โinstantโ payouts without any delay are possible as well. A total of 5 output addresses can be specified for each mix. The fee isnโt user-controlled, and is set at 1% of the mix. Each additional address costs an additional 0.000001 BTC. They do not store any logs whatsoever. The minimum deposit requirement is 0.0002 BTC, smaller deposits are considered donations and arenโt refunded.Bitcoin Laundry is one of its kind and requires special mention. It supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency and is clearly unknown on the point of no logs policy. It requires a deposit of at least 0.01 BTC and the transaction fee is 2% along with the 0.0004 BTC network fee. It supports multiple addresses of up to 10 and requires confirmation of 1. No registration is required and it does not offer a referral program. However, the letter of guarantee is provided. Pros: It has a positive reputation among the Bitcoin communityUser-controlled time delays 5. Bitcoin Mixer – It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitBitcoin Mixer is another simple yet trustworthy Bitcoin Tumbler service. And one of the primary differences it has compared to the other platforms on this list is that it can accommodate really โlarge volume transactionsโ. There is no maximum transaction limit as such, considering how their reserve is really huge and youโll need to be a millionaire before you can run them out of funds. If any limit is breached, you are notified before you make the payment. The minimum transaction 0.001BTC, any amount lower than this is is considered a donation, like in the case of PriveCoin, and isnโt sent back to the customer. The minimum fee is 0.5%, with an additional 0.0005BTC for every deposited transaction. You can set a custom fee for added anonymity and they also provide a letter or guarantee like all the mentionable Bitcoin Tumblers out there.Bitcoin Mixer is a Bitcoin mixing service that provides privacy by using the โBitcoin Mixer 2.0โ algorithm to shuffle bitcoins. Unlike other similar tumbling services that mix your coins with the coins of other users, this platform mixes your crypto with the crypto bought by them directly from the cryptocurrency stock exchanges. Bitcoin Mixer verifies the newly purchased coins with a scoring system with the help of innovative algorithms and outfoxes such technologies as blockchain volume analysis, cluster analysis, taint analysis, etc. It means that you will receive your BTC back split into random parts, and even at the different addresses if needed. Consequently, your privacy is protected as there is no connection to you. And it takes up to 6 hours to complete your request. Another privacy feature of this mixer service is that it does not require registration and it does not store logs. All the transactions are digitally signed with letters of guarantee that you can check on the website at any moment. They also provide 24/7 technical support. MixTum.io will charge you a 5% Fee from your transaction as well as a network fee of 0.00015 BTC. The platform provides two versions โ for Clearnet and Tor browsers.It is one of the best tumblers with a good number of features. It supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.0015 BTC and the transaction fee is 0.0% service fee along with an additional 0.0002 BTC per payout address. It supports multiple addresses of up to 5 and requires confirmation. No registration is required and Bitcoin Mixer does not offer a referral program.Letโs take a look at another one of the leading bitcoin mixers which is incredibly easy to operate. Bitcoin Mixer has a straightforward interface and it is worth mentioning that the service fee is the lowest possible, it is 0.0% with 0.0002 BTC per extra address. Retention period is 7 days when it is easy for a user to manually remove all the logs which are saved for this period because of any future transaction-related problems. There is a time-delay feature, however, it is not possible to be controlled by a user but the mixing platform only. Pros: 24/7 customer support Extensive FAQ section
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ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะบะฐ Somfy ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะบะฐ Somfy . ะัะพะบะฐัะฝะธะท
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ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต .
ะัััะธะต ัะธััะตะผั ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะพั Somfy
ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะบะฐ Somfy ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะบะฐ Somfy . Prokarniz
ะะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ โ ะบะพะผัะพัั ะธ ัะดะพะฑััะฒะพ ะฒ ะฒะฐัะตะผ ะดะพะผะต
ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ . Prokarniz
ะะตัะตะฒัะฝะฝัะต ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะฐะปัะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะดะพะผ ะดะปั ะดะพะผะฐ
ะะตัะตะฒัะฝะฝัะต ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะฐะปัะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะดะพะผ ะะตัะตะฒัะฝะฝัะต ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะฐะปัะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะดะพะผ . +7 (499) 638-25-37
ะะฑะปะตะณัะธัะต ะถะธะทะฝั ั ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ โ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะธ ัะดะพะฑะฝะพ
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ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั . “ะขะบะฐัะบะธะน”
ะญะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะด ะดะปั ะถะฐะปัะทะธ: ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะต ัะตั ะฝะพะปะพะณะธะธ
ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะด ะดะปั ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะฐะปัะฝัั ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะด ะดะปั ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะฐะปัะฝัั ะถะฐะปัะทะธ .
ะกะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะต ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะดั ะดะปั ะถะฐะปัะทะธ
ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะด ะดะปั ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะฐะปัะฝัั ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะด ะดะปั ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะฐะปัะฝัั ะถะฐะปัะทะธ .
ะฃะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ะฑะตะท ััะธะปะธะน ั ะผะพัะพัะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ ัะธััะตะผะฐะผะธ
ะผะพัะพัะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ะผะพัะพัะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ . ะัะพะบะฐัะฝะธะท
ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะทะฐัะธั ะพะบะฝะฐ: ะผะพัะพัะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ
ะผะพัะพัะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ะผะพัะพัะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ . Prokarniz
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ะะตัะตะฒัะฝะฝัะต ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะฐะปัะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะดะพะผ ะะตัะตะฒัะฝะฝัะต ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะฐะปัะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ัะปะตะบััะพะฟัะธะฒะพะดะพะผ . +7 (499) 638-25-37
ะะดะตะธ ะดะปั ััะพั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝะธัะต ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ, ะฟะพะดะฑะธัะฐะตะผ ััะพัั ะดะปั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะผะฐ, ััะธะปัะฝัะน ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ ััะพั, ััะธะปั ะธ ัะดะพะฑััะฒะพ, ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะต ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปั ะดะปั ััะพั, ััะพัั ะดะปั ะทะฐัะธัั ะพั ัะพะปะฝัะฐ, ะธะดะตะธ ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะฐ ััะพั, ะปัััะธะต ััะพัั ะดะปั ะบัั ะฝะธ ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะฟัะธะผะตัั ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะบะพะฝ ั ััะพัะฐะผะธ, ััะพัั ะธะท ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ัะบะฐะฝะตะน, ัะดะพะฑะฝัะต ัะธััะตะผั ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ััะพัะฐะผะธ, ะณะฐัะผะพะฝะธั ััะพั ะธ ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ, ัะบัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะพะบะพะฝ ััะพัะพะผ, ัะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ะฒัะฑะพั ะฒ ะฟะพะปัะทั ัััะฝัั ััะพั, ััะตะฝะดั ะฒ ััะพัะฝะพะผ ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะต 2025, ะฟะปััั ะธ ะผะธะฝััั ัะฐะทะฝัั ะฒะธะดะพะฒ ััะพั, ัะพะทะดะฐะนัะต ััั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัั ััะพั, ััะพัั ะดะปั ะทะธะผะฝะตะณะพ ัััะฐ ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต
ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต .
ะัััะธะต ะผะฐััะตััะบะธะต ะฟะพ ะฟะพัะธะฒั ััะพั, ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั..
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ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟะพัะธะฒะต ััะพั, ั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะปัััะธั ัะบะฐะฝะตะน..
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ะกะพะทะดะฐะตะผ ััะพัั ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะผะตััะฐะผ, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ..
ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะน ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ ััะพั, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ัะฐะทะผะตัะฐะผ..
ะัััะธะต ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะดะปั ะฟะพัะธะฒะฐ ััะพั, ะพั ะปัััะธั ะผะฐััะตัะพะฒ..
ะะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพ ะพะฟัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ัะตะฝะต..
ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั . ะขะบะฐัะบะธะน
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั Apple iPhone ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั iphone ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะดะปั ััะพั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝัั ะดะพะผะฐั
ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต .+7 (499) 460-69-87
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั Apple iPhone ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฐะนัะพะฝะฐ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะดะปั ััะพั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝัั ะดะพะผะฐั
ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต [url=https://zagorodshtory.ru/]ััะพัั ะฒ ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต[/url] .”ะขะบะฐัะบะธะน”
ะัะตะผะธะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะธะฝัะตััะตัะฐ, ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพะดั ะพะด.
ะะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธะตะน ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ.
ะะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ัะฐะทะผะตัะฐะผ.
ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐััะธะต ะฒะฐั ััะธะปั.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะดะปั ะบัั ะฝะธ, ั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะพะผ.
ะะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ ััะพั, ะฑััััะพ ะธ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ.
ะะฐะบะฐะท ััะพั ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะตะบัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐ, ั ััะตัะพะผ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธั.
ะจัะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะพะผ, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั.
ะะปะฐััะธัะตัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑะพะน ะธะฝัะตััะตั.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะฟะพ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะผะตัะบะฐะผ, ะพั ะฒะตะดััะธั ะผะฐััะตัะพะฒ.
ะะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะฝะฐ ะปัะฑะพะน ะฒะบัั, ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑะพะน ะธะฝัะตััะตั.
ะะพัััะฟะฝัะต ัะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ั ะฒััะพะบะธะผ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพะผ.
ะญะปะตะณะฐะฝัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะพั ะฒะตะดััะธั ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะตัะพะฒ.
ะัะตะผะธัะผ ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะฟัะพะตะบัั.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฟะพ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผั ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝั, ะฟะพะด ะฒะฐั ะฒะบัั.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะพะผ, ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑะพะน ััะธะปั.
ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท . ะฟัะพะบะฐัะฝะธะท
ะญะปะตะบััะธัะตัะบะธะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ โ ะบะพะผัะพัั ะฒ ะบะฐะถะดะพะผ ะดะพะผะต
ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ . ะัะพะบะฐัะฝะธะท
ะะพะดะฝัะต ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝะธัะต ััะธะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะธะฝัะตััะตัะฐ
ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ [url=https://pult-zhaluzi.ru/]ะถะฐะปัะทะธ ั ะฟัะปััะพะผ[/url] . ะฟัะพะบะฐัะฝะธะท
ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะธััะตะผั ะพั Somfy โ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะธ ะธะฝะฝะพะฒะฐัะธะธ
ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะบะฐ Somfy ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะบะฐ Somfy . Prokarniz
ะะพะฒะตัััะตัั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะฐะผ: ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะบะฐ Somfy
ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะบะฐ Somfy ะะฒัะพะผะฐัะธะบะฐ Somfy . +7 (499) 638-25-37
ะฃััะฝัะต ััะพัั ะดะปั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพััะตะดะถะฐ
ััะพัั ะดะปั ะบะพััะตะดะถะฐ ััะพัั ะดะปั ะบะพััะตะดะถะฐ .
ะะฑ ััะพะผ ะบะฒะพัะบะต
ะัะฟะพะปะฝั ะฟัะพะณะพะฝ ะฅััะผะตัะพะผ ะฟะพ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธัะผ. ะัะพะณะพะฝ ัะฐะนัะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฐะฝะบะพัะฝัะผ ะธะปะธ ะฑะตะทะฐะฝะบะพัะฝัะผ. ะะพ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะฐะผ ะฟัะพะณะพะฝะฐ ะฒั ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะฝัะน ะพัััั ะฒ ัะพัะผะฐัะต txt.
ะะฐัะตะผ ะฝัะถะฝั ะฟัะพะณะพะฝั XRumer?
ะฏ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัั ะฟัะพะณะพะฝั ะฅััะผะตัะพะผ ะดะปั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธั ะทะฐะดะฐั, ะดะปั ะบะพัะพััั ะฅััะผะตั ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธั ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝะพ:
ะะฝะบะพัะฝัะน ะฟัะพะณะพะฝ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัั ัะฐะนัะพะฒ ะฟะพ ะพัะตะฝั ัะธัะพะบะพะน ัะตะผะฐะฝัะธะบะต (ัะฒะพะธ ัะฐะนัั ะฟัะพะณะพะฝัั ะฟะพ 80% ะฒัะตะน ะธะผะตััะตะนัั ัะตะผะฐะฝัะธะบะธ);
ะะตะทะฐะฝะบะพัะฝัะน ะฟัะพะณะพะฝ ะปัะฑัั ัะฐะนัะพะฒ (ะดะปั ัะฐัะบัััะบะธ ะธ ััะบะพัะตะฝะธั ะธะฝะดะตะบัะฐัะธะธ ะฑะตะปัั ัะฐะนัะพะฒ, ะดะพัะฒะตะตะฒ, ะฝะฐะบัััะบะธ ะฟัะทะพะผะตัะพะบ, ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธั ะธ ัะฐะทะฑะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ัััะปะพัะฝะพะน ะผะฐััั);
ะัะพะณะพะฝ ะฅััะผะตัะพะผ ะดะปั ััะบะพัะตะฝะธั ะธะฝะดะตะบัะฐัะธะธ ะฑะธัะถะตะฒัั ัััะปะพะบ (ะตัะปะธ ะฝะฐะบัะฟะธะปะธ ะฑะธัะถะตะฒะพะณะพ ั ะปะฐะผะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝะต ั ะพัะตั ะฟะพะฟะฐะดะฐัั ะฒ ะธะฝะดะตะบั);
ะะฝะพะณะพััะพะฒะฝะตะฒัะต ัััะปะบะธ (ัััะฐะฝะธัะฐ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ัะฐะนัะฐ โ 10 ะดะพัะพะณะธั ะฐะฝะบะพัะฝัั ัััะปะพะบ โ 100 ะดะตัะตะฒัั ัััะปะพะบ โ ะฟัะพะณะพะฝ ะฅััะผะตัะพะผ);
ะัะพะณะพะฝ ะฅััะผะตัะพะผ ะพัะดะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะผะตะฝะฐ ั ะฟะพัััะฐะฝะธัะฝัะผ ัะตะดะธัะตะบัะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะน ัะฐะนั (ะพัะดะตะปัะฝัะน ะดะพะผะตะฝ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะตะธััะพะฒะพ ะณะพะฝััั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะพะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะพัะบะปะตะตะฝ ะพั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะนัะฐ, ะบ ัะพะผั ะถะต, ััะธ ัััะปะบะธ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะบัััั ะพั ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะพะฒ).
ะ ะปั ััะธั ะทะฐะดะฐั ะฟัะพะณะพะฝ ะฅััะผะตัะพะผ โ ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะพะณะพะฝััั ะฅััะผะตัะพะผ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ัััะฐะฝะธัั ัะฐะนัะฐ, ะฝะพ ะธ YouTube-ะฒะธะดะตะพ, ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะฐัะธะธ ะฒ Pinterest ะธะปะธ ะดััะณะธั ัะพััะตััั .
ะจัะพัั ะดะปั ะบะพััะตะดะถะฐ: ัะพะฒะตัั ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะตัะพะฒ
ััะพัั ะดะปั ะบะพััะตะดะถะฐ ััะพัั ะดะปั ะบะพััะตะดะถะฐ .
ะญะปะธัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะดะปั ะฒะทััะบะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ
ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท . +7 (499) 460-69-87
ะบะพัะพัะบะธะต ะธ ะบัะฐัะธะฒัะต ะฝะธะบะธ
ะะตััะพะฝะฐะปะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะดะปั ะปัะฑะพะณะพ ะฑัะดะถะตัะฐ
ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท . ะขะบะฐัะบะธะน
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผัะบ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัััะธะต ัะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฟะพะด ะทะฐะบะฐะท
ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท .
ะขะะ ะขะ ะะะยป โ ะฒะฐั ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ะฟะฐััะฝะตั ะฒ ะณััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะฐั ะฝะตะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ
ะณััะทะพะฒัะต ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ
ะขัะฐะฝัะฟะพััะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะฝะตะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ ะฐะฒัะพะผะพะฑะธะปัะฝัะผ ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะพะผ โ ัะปะพะถะฝะฐั ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ, ััะตะฑัััะฐั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะฝะฐะฒัะบะพะฒ.
ะัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ะฐัะตะฝะดั ััะฐะปะฐ ( ะฝะธะทะบะพัะฐะทะผะตัะฝัะน ) ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะฝะตะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ, ัะฟะตััะตั ะฝะธะบะธ. ะขะตะฟะตัั ะั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะฑะตะท ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ะพัััะตััะฒะปััั ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะณััะทะพะฒ ะปัะฑัั ัะฐะทะผะตัะพะฒ ะธ ัะพัะผ. ะะฐัะธ ััะฐะปั ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐะตั ะฒััะพะบะพะน ะณััะทะพะฟะพะดัะตะผะฝะพัััั ะธ ัะธัะพะบะพะน ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะพะน, ััะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพ ะธ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะธัั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัะต ะฒะธะดั ะฝะตะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ััะปัะณะธ ะฐัะตะฝะดั ััะฐะปะฐ ะฟะพ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะผ ัะตะฝะฐะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะดะพัััะฟะฝั ะดะปั ะปัะฑะพะณะพ ะฑัะดะถะตัะฐ. ะะฐัะฐ ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดะฐ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน ั ะผะฝะพะณะพะปะตัะฝะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธััะตั ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝัั ะธ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัั ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบั ะะฐัะธั ะณััะทะพะฒ. ะั ะทะฝะฐะตะผ, ะบะฐะบ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐัััั ั ะฝะตะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัะผะธ ะณััะทะฐะผะธ ะธ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธัั ะธั ัะพั ัะฐะฝะฝะพััั.
ะะฐัะต ะฒัะตะผั ัะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะปั ะฝะฐั! ะั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฟัะธะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ัะพะณะปะฐัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ััะพะบะพะฒ ะธ ะณะพัะพะฒั ะบ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะผั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐ. ะะต ัะตััะนัะต ะฒัะตะผั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะธัะบ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝัั ัะตัะตะฝะธะน, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะตัั ะบ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะฐะผ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธั. ะั ะณะพัะพะฒั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธัั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะปะพะฒะธั ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะตััะฒะฐ ะธ ัะฐะทัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะพะฟัะธะผะฐะปัะฝัะน ะผะฐััััั ะดะปั ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะบะพะฝะบัะตัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐ. ะั ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะตะผ, ััะพ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะณััะท ัะฝะธะบะฐะปะตะฝ, ะธ ะณะพัะพะฒั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพะดั ะพะด.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธั ัะตะฝััั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะกะพะทะดะฐะนัะต ััั ั ัะธะผัะบะธะผะธ ััะพัะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท
ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ัะธะผัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท .
ะกััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะผะฐะปะพััะฐะถะฝัั ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะฟะพะด ะบะปัั
ะฟัะพะตะบัั ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัั ะดะพะผะพะฒ
ะะฐั ะดะพะผ โ ะฒะฐัะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ:
ะฒัะฑะธัะฐะนัะต, ะบะฐะบ ะฑััััะพ
ั ะพัะธัะต ะทะฐะตั ะฐัั
ะั ัะฐะผะธ ัะตัะฐะตัะต, ะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบะพะผ ััะฐะฟะต ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ. ะะพะผ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฒ ะฑะฐะทะพะฒะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฐัะธะธ, ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝัะผ ะบ ัะธััะพะฒะพะน ะพัะดะตะปะบะต ะธะปะธ ัะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะบ ะทะฐัะตะปะตะฝะธั
ะคะธะบัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ััะพะบะธ ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธ ััะพะธะผะพััั ะฟะพ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัั ะดะปั ะปัะฑะพะณะพ ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะฐ ะณะพัะพะฒะฝะพััะธ.
ะัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั, ะบะพะฝััะพะปั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะตั ััะฐะฟะฐั ะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัะต ัะตั ะฝะพะปะพะณะธะธ โ ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟั, ะบะพัะพััะต
ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธะปะธ ะฝะฐะผ ัะพะทะดะฐัั ัะพัะฝะธ ัััะฝัั ะธ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัั ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน, ะขะฒะตััะบะพะน, ะฏัะพัะปะฐะฒัะบะพะน, ะขัะปััะบะพะน, ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธัะพะฒัะบะพะน, ะะฐะปัะถัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท
ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท .
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผัะบ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะฃะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฟะพะด ะทะฐะบะฐะท
ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท .
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
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ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะทะฐ ัะธัััะน ะฑะธะทะฝะตั ะกะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะธัะฟะพะฒะตะดะพะฒะฐะป ะธ ะธัะฟะพะฒะตะดัะตั ะทะฐ ัะธัััะน, ัะตััะฝัะน, ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝัะน ะฑะธะทะฝะตั ะกะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฒััััะฟะฐะป ะทะฐ ัะธัััะน, ัะตััะฝัะน ะฑะธะทะฝะตั, ัััะตะผะธะปัั ะบ ัะพะผั, ััะพะฑั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ัะตะฐะปะธะทะพะฒัะฒะฐะปะธัั ะฟะพััะตะฑะฝะพััะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ. ะะณะพ ัะตััะฝะพะต ะธะผั, ัะธััะพะต ะฟัะพัะปะพะต ะธ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ััะฐะปะธ ะบะปััะตะฒัะผะธ ะฐัะณัะผะตะฝัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัั ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะฝะฐะฒะตัะพะฒ ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะตัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ัะพะดะธะปัั ะฒ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดะต ะฒ ัะตะผัะต ะพัะธัะตัะพะฒ ะผะพััะบะพะน ะฐะฒะธะฐัะธะธ. ะจะบะพะปัะฝัะต ะณะพะดั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะพะฒะตะป ะฒ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ะณะฐัะฝะธะทะพะฝะฐั ะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ัะบะพะปั ะฟะพัะตะป ะฟะพ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ััะตะทะต – ะฟะพัััะฟะธะป ะฒ ะฏัะพัะปะฐะฒัะบะพะต ะฒัััะตะต ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะต ััะธะปะธัะต ะธะผ. ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปะฐ ะฐัะผะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะฅััะปะตะฒะฐ ะธ ััะฟะตัะฝะพ ะพะบะพะฝัะธะป ะตะณะพ. ะะพ ะพะบะพะฝัะฐะฝะธะธ ััะธะปะธัะฐ ัะปัะถะธะป ะฒ ัะฐัััั ะะะค ะพัะธัะตัะพะผ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ัะปัะถะฑั. ะะบะพะฝัะธะป ัะปัะถะฑั ะฒ ะฑะตะทะฒัะตะผะตะฝัะต 90-ั ะณะพะดะพะฒ – ัะฒะพะปะธะปัั ะฒ ะทะฐะฟะฐั ั ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน (ะัะพะฝััะฐะดััะบะพะน) ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพ-ะผะพััะบะพะน ะฑะฐะทั ะะฐะปัะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ัะปะพัะฐ ะฒ ะทะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะบะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฐ III ัะฐะฝะณะฐ. ะะพัะปะต ัะฒะพะปัะฝะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะทะฐะฟะฐั ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปัั ะฟัะพะดะฐะถะฐะผะธ, ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธัะผะธ ั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพัััั. ะะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐะป ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะผะตัะพะดะธะบะธ ะฒะตะดะตะฝะธั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ. ะะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพ ะธะทััะฐะป ะผะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัะน ะพะฟัั, ะฟะพะปััะฐะป ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะทะฐ ััะฑะตะถะพะผ: ะฒ ัะฐััะฝะพััะธ, ะพะบะพะฝัะธะป ะะฒัะพะฟะตะนัะบัั ะฐะบะฐะดะตะผะธั ะตััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะฝะฐัะบ ะฒ ะะฐะฝะฝะพะฒะตัะต. ะฃัะธะปัั ะฝะฐ ััะถะธั ะธ ัะฒะพะธั ะพัะธะฑะบะฐั . ะะพััะตะฟะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒััะพั ะดะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ัะพะฒะปะฐะดะตะปััะฐ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ. ะกัะฐะป ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ััะตะฝะตัะพะผ – ะฒ 2009 ะณะพะดั ัะพะทะดะฐะป ะะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัั ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะฐะบะฐะดะตะผะธั (IBะ), ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟะพะปััะธะปะฐ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ะปะธัะตะฝะทะธั. ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะพะผ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะพะผ ัะฝะธะฒะตััะธัะตัะต ะทะฐัะธัะฐะตั ะดะธััะตััะฐัะธั ะฝะฐ ัะพะธัะบะฐะฝะธะต ััะตะฝะพะน ััะตะฟะตะฝะธ ะบะฐะฝะดะธะดะฐัะฐ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะธั ะฝะฐัะบ, ะฟะพะทะถะต ะทะฐัะธัะฐะตั ะฒ ะะฒัะพะฟะต ะดะธััะตััะฐัะธั ะฝะฐ ัะพะธัะบะฐะฝะธะต ััะตะฝะพะน ัััะฟะตะฝะธ ะดะพะบัะพัะฐ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะธ, ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต ะฟะพะปััะฐะตั ัะฐะบะถะต ััะตะฟะตะฝั ะผะฐะณะธัััะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ. ะะฝ ะฝะฐะณัะฐะถะดะตะฝ ะณะตัะผะฐะฝัะบะพะน ะผะตะดะฐะปัั ะะฐัะปะฐ ะะฐัะบัะฐ ะทะฐ ะฒะบะปะฐะด ะฒ ะฝะฐัะบั. ะ 2014 ะณะพะดั ัะพะทะดะฐะป ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั «ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด», ะผะธััะธั ะบะพัะพัะพะน – ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒ ะดะพััะธะถะตะฝะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ััะฟะตั ะฐ ะทะฐ ััะตั ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะพะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะธ ะตะณะพ ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะผะธ ะธ ะทะฐััะฑะตะถะฝัะผะธ ะบะพะปะปะตะณะฐะผะธ ะผะตัะพะดะพะปะพะณะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะธั, ะทะฐ ััะตั ะฝะฐะธะปัััะธั ะฝะฐ ััะฝะบะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ. ะะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพ ะฑัะป ะฝะฐัะฐั ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฝะตะบะพะผะผะตััะตัะบะธะน ะฟัะพะตะบั – ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะน (ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะน) ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ «ะะตัั ะะตะน». ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ั ะัะฝะพะปัะดะพะผ ะจะฒะฐััะตะฝะตะณะณะตัะพะผ ะฃะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะพะตะบั ะััะฟะฝะตะนัะฐั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะฐั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะฐ – ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต ะดะพััะธะถะตะฝะธะต ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. ะะพ ะตะต ะธะดะตะพะปะพะณะธะธ ัะพะทะดะฐะฝั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต, ะััะณัะทััะฐะฝะต ะธ ะดััะณะธั ัััะฐะฝะฐั . ะะดะตั ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐ ัะพััะพะธั ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะฒัะบะปะฐะดัะธะฝั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะดะปั ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะธะท ัะปะตะฝะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ. ะะฐะนัะธะบ ะฒะฝะพัะธั 35–50% ะพั ััะพะธะผะพััะธ ะถะตะปะฐะตะผะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะพััะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะปัะตั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธะท ะฟะฐะตะฒะพะณะพ ัะพะฝะดะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ัะพัะผะธััะตััั ะบะฐะบ ะทะฐ ััะตั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ ะฝะพะฒัั ัะปะตะฝะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะทะฐ ััะตั ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะตะน ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะผ ัะถะต ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั – ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะฑะตัะตั ะฟัะพัะตะฝั ะทะฐ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ. ะะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐะตััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะฟะพ ะฝะพะผะธะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ััะพะธะผะพััะธ ั ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะพะน, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝะพะน ั ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะผะธ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะผะธ ะฒะทะฝะพัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ั ะพะฟะปะฐัะพะน ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ, ะตะต ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพะน ะพัะตะฝะบะธ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะพะน ะฝะฐะปะพะณะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝัะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะฐ ะตะณะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะฟัะตะฒััะฐัั 20 ะผะปัะด. ะะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐะปะฐัั ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะฝะตั ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐ, ะณะดะต ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฑั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. «ะะตัั ะะตะน» – ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝะฐั ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะฐ, ะฑะตัะฟัะตัะตะดะตะฝัะฝะฐั ะฒ ะผะธัะต, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ั ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะพะน ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะดะปั ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝัั ะบะฐัะตะณะพัะธะน ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐัั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ ะถะธะปัะตะผ ะฑะตะท ะดะพัะพะณะพััะพััะตะน ะธะฟะพัะตะบะธ. ะกะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝัะน ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะพะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ «ะะตัั ะะตะน» ััะฐะป ะปะฐััะตะฐัะพะผ ะฝะฐัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะผะธะน «ะคะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะน ะะปะธะผะฟ» ะธ «ะญะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะฐั ะพะฟะพัะฐ ะ ะพััะธะธ». ะะฐััะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปัััะฒั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ััะฟะตัะฝะพ ัะฐะทะฒะธะฒะฐะตั ะบะฐััะตัั ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะบะพััะฐ ะธ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ. ะะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐััะตะณะพัั ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพัััั ะธ ะบะพะฝััะปััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ, ะฟัะธะฝะพัะธะปะฐ ะตะผั ะตะถะตะณะพะดะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด ะพั 150 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ั ะบะพัะพััั ะพะฝ ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพ ัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะป ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ. ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ – ัะพะทะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะฒะตะดััะธะน ะฟัะตะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐัะตะปั ะะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะน ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะฐะบะฐะดะตะผะธะธ (ะะะ), ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐััะตะน ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะปะธัะตะฝะทะธะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ: ะฐะบะฐะดะตะผะธะธ ะปะธะดะตัะพะฒ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธ ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะณะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะญัะฐ ะฐะบะฐะดะตะผะธั ัะธัะพะบะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะฐะผะธ, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะพะฑััะฐัััั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะธ ะธ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝัั ัะพ ะฒัะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะัััั ะฒ ะฐะบะฐะดะตะผะธะธ ะฒะตะปะธ ัะฐะบะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะต ะผะธัะพะฒัะต ัะบัะฟะตััั, ะบะฐะบ ะะปะฐะฝ ะะธะท, ะะฐะณ ะะธะด, ะะพะฑ ะะพะนะป, ะ ะพะฝ ะะถะพะฝัะพะฝ, ะะฝะดัะตะฐั ะะธะฝั ะธ ะดััะณะธะต. ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฒััััะฟะฐะป ะบะฐะบ ะปะตะบัะพั ะฝะฐ ะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะธั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธั ะฟะปะพัะฐะดะบะฐั , ะฒะบะปััะฐั «ะัะถะฝะธะบะธ», «ะะปะธะผะฟะธะนัะบะธะน» ะธ «ะะฐะทะฟัะพะผ ะัะตะฝั». ะะณะพ ะผะพัะธะฒะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัะต ะฒััััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ัะพะฑะธัะฐะปะธ ะผะฝะพะณะพัััััะฝัะต ะฐัะดะธัะพัะธะธ. ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฒะตะดะตั ะฑะปะพะณะธ ะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััั , ั ะบะพัะพััั ะผะธะปะปะธะพะฝะฝัะต ะฟัะพัะผะพััั. ะ ัะฒะพะธั ะฑะปะพะณะฐั ะพะฝ ะดะตะปะธััั ะพะฟััะพะผ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ะธ ะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ััะฟะตั ะฐ. ะะณะพ ะบะพะฝัะตะฝั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐะตั ะผะฝะพะณะพะผะธะปะปะธะพะฝะฝัั ะฐัะดะธัะพัะธั. ะะฝ ะฐะฒัะพั ะฑะตัััะตะปะปะตัะฐ «ะั ะพัะฝะธะบ ะทะฐ ััะฟะตั ะพะผ». ะญัะฐ ะบะฝะธะณะฐ ะฟัะธะฝะตัะปะฐ ะตะผั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะณะพะฝะพัะฐัั, ั ัะธะปัะผะฐ, ัะฝััะพะณะพ ะฟะพ ะบะฝะธะณะต, – ะฑะพะปะตะต 27 ะผะปะฝ ะฟัะพัะผะพััะพะฒ. ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ั ะะพะฝะฐะปัะดะพะผ ะขัะฐะผะฟะพะผ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ั ะฒัะดะฐััะธะผัั ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะตะผ ะ ะธัะฐัะดะพะผ ะัะตะฝัะพะฝะพะผ ะะปะฐะณะพัะฒะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพััั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะฟะพัะตัะฝัั ะดะพะปะถะฝะพััั ัะพะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะฒ ะฑะปะฐะณะพัะฒะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะผ ัะพะฝะดะต Mercy Corps, ะพะดะฝะพะน ะธะท ััะฐัะตะนัะธั ะผะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน, ะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐััะธั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะปัะดัะผ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะผะธัั. ะก 2016 ะณะพะดะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะดะตััะผ ั ััะถะตะปัะผะธ ะฝะตะฒัะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธัะผะธ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะฝะฐััะฝัะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ััะตัะต ะดะตััะบะพะน ะฝะตะฒัะพะปะพะณะธะธ. ะ ัะฐะผะบะฐั ััะพะน ะธะฝะธัะธะฐัะธะฒั ะพะฝ ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐะตั ั ะบะปะธะฝะธัะตัะบะธะผ ัะตะฝััะพะผ «ะะพะบััะธะฝะฐ» ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต. ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฒ ะบะปะธะฝะธัะตัะบะพะผ ัะตะฝััะต «ะะพะบััะธะฝะฐ» ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะะฐะปะฐะฐะผัะบะพะผั ะกะฟะฐัะพ-ะัะตะพะฑัะฐะถะตะฝัะบะพะผั ะผะพะฝะฐััััั, ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะตะณะพ ะฑัะฐัะธั. ะก 2013 ะณะพะดะฐ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทัะตั ะบััะฟะฝะพะต ะบัะปััััะฝะพ-ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธัะตัะบะพะต ะผะตัะพะฟัะธััะธะต – «ะัะธัะตััะบะธะน ะฑะฐะป». ะญัะพ ัะพะฑััะธะต, ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝะฝะพะต ะะฝั ะะตะปะธะบะพะน ะะพะฑะตะดั; ะพะฝะพ ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝัะตั ะฒะตัะตัะฐะฝะพะฒ, ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะตะน ะฒะปะฐััะธ ะธ ะผะพะปะพะดะตะถั, ััะพะฑั ะพะฑัะธะผะธ ััะธะปะธัะผะธ ัะพั ัะฐะฝะธัั ะฟะฐะผััั ะพ ะฟะพะดะฒะธะณะฐั ะณะตัะพะตะฒ ะะตะปะธะบะพะน ะัะตัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฒะพะนะฝั. ะะฝ ะฟัะธะฝัะป ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพะต ััะฐััะธะต ะฒ ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ ะะฑะตะปะธัะบะฐ ะกะปะฐะฒั ะฒ ะะตััะธ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฑัะป ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝ ะณะตัะพัะผ ะะตะปะธะบะพะน ะัะตัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฒะพะนะฝั. ะก 2016 ะณะพะดะฐ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ัะฒะปัะปัั ะผะตัะตะฝะฐัะพะผ ะธ ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝัะผ ัะฟะพะฝัะพัะพะผ ัะตััะธะฒะฐะปั ะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะน ะฟะตัะฝะธ «ะะพะฑัะพะฒะธะดะตะฝะธะต», ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ัะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะต ะบัะปััััะฝะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัะปะตะดะธั ะธ ะผัะทัะบะฐะปัะฝัั ััะฐะดะธัะธะน ัะฐะทะฝัั ะฝะฐัะพะดะพะฒ. ะก 2020 ะณะพะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบั ะดะตััะบะพะผั ัะฟะพััั – ะฒ ัะฐััะฝะพััะธ, ั ะพะบะบะตะนะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดะต «ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด» ะธะท ะฃัั. ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฝะฐ ัะตััะธะฒะฐะปะต «ะะพะฑัะพะฒะธะดะตะฝะธะต» ะัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตะถะดะฐะตั ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะทะฐะฑะธัะฐััะธะน ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ั ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝัั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ – ะฒ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะทะฐ ะดะฒะต-ััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ััะพะฑั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะพะดะฝั, ััะฐะป ะบะพัััั ะฒ ะณะพัะปะต ะพะปะธะณะฐัั ะธัะตัะบะพะผั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะผั ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒั. ะะฐะฝะบะธัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒะฐะปะธ ััะฐะฒะปั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฟัะพะปะพะฑะฑะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะธะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะฆะ. ะะพ ะดะฐะถะต ะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ััะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ััะฟะตัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป – ะฟะพะฝะฐะดะพะฑะธะปะพัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะพะฒะฐัั ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝะพะต ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ: ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัั ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั «ะะตัะผะตั», ะบะพัะพััั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะณะฐัั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ัะธัะผะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ – ัะฐะผ ะพะฝ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะป ะบ ะฝะตะน ะฝะธะบะฐะบะพะณะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั, ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะฒะตัะฝัะปะฐ ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฐััะธะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะฐ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ะฟะพ ะตะต ะดะพะปะณะฐะผ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะะบัะธะฒั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธ ััะธ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฑัะปะธ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั, ะฝะพ ะฟะพััะตะฟะตะฝะฝะพ ะฐัะตัั ัะดะฐะตััั ัะฝะธะผะฐัั – ััะด ัะฑะตะถะดะฐะตััั ะฒ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะ ะพััะธะนัะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ «ะะตัั ะะตะน» ะฒะฝะพะฒั ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐะตั ัะฒะพั 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An ancient โterror crocodileโ became a dinosaur-eating giant. Scientists say they now know why
ััััะบะธะน ะฐะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะบั
A massive, extinct reptile that once snacked on dinosaurs had a broad snout like an alligatorโs, but it owed its success to a trait that modern alligators lack: tolerance for salt water.
Deinosuchus was one of the largest crocodilians that ever lived, with a body nearly as long as a bus and teeth the size of bananas. From about 82 million to 75 million years ago, the top predator swam in rivers and estuaries of North America. The skull was wide and long, tipped with a bulbous lump that was unlike any skull structure seen in other crocodilians. Toothmarks on Cretaceous bones hint that Deinosuchus hunted or scavenged dinosaurs.
Despite its scientific name, which translates as โterror crocodile,โ Deinosuchus has commonly been called a โgreater alligator,โ and prior assessments of its evolutionary relationships grouped it with alligators and their ancient relatives. However, a new analysis of fossils, along with DNA from living crocodilians such as alligators and crocodiles, suggests Deinosuchus belongs on a different part of the crocodilian family tree.
Unlike alligatoroids, Deinosuchus retained the salt glands of ancestral crocodilians, enabling it to tolerate salt water, scientists reported Wednesday in the journal Communications Biology. Modern crocodiles have these glands, which collect and release excess sodium chloride.
Salt tolerance would have helped Deinosuchus navigate the Western Interior Seaway that once divided North America, during a greenhouse phase marked by global sea level rise. Deinosuchus could then have spread across the continent to inhabit coastal marshes on both sides of the ancient inland sea, and along North Americaโs Atlantic coast.
The new studyโs revised family tree for crocodilians offers fresh insights into climate resilience in the group, and hints at how some species adapted to environmental cooling while others went extinct.
With salt glands allowing Deinosuchus to travel where its alligatoroid cousins couldnโt, the terror crocodile settled in habitats teeming with large prey. Deinosuchus evolved to become an enormous and widespread predator that dominated marshy ecosystems, where it fed on pretty much whatever it wanted.
โNo one was safe in these wetlands when Deinosuchus was around,โ said senior study author Dr. Marton Rabi, a lecturer in the Institute of Geosciences at the University of Tubingen in Germany. โWe are talking about an absolutely monstrous animal,โ Rabi told CNN. โDefinitely around 8 meters (26 feet) or more total body length.โ
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Yomix – Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Yomix currently only supports Bitcoin mixes, however, it has plans to bring in ETH mixes in the near future. It has been featured on Bitcoin.com/ News BTC/ Crypto News/ The Next Web etc. hence building a bit of trust. Very modern, advanced, user-controlled interface. Allows upto 5 output addresses. Obviously, doesnโt keep any logs whatsoever. The user-control is impressive. You get to control the fund-distribution, as well as the time-delay for each output address manually. Even the fee can be set manually. The cheapest allowed fee is 0.5% which is more than acceptable. The highest is set at 5%. Obviously the 0.25mBTC blockchain transaction fee is attached on top of the selected fee. It even has a โstrength meterโ which shows how strong your mix is, based on all the factors youโve selected. No registration required whatsoever. And it does provide the mixing code to ensure all outputs are fresh and not linked to any of your previous deposits.Yomix is another one of the mixer that deserves to top most Bitcoin mixer charts based. For starters its user-interface is one of the simplest and easiest to understand. Then, it supports as many as 10 additional addresses, which is the maximum most mixers on this list support. Its fee based on address, 0.0002 per address, no service fee. It has a no logs policy with a 7-day default retention of the logs for support and transaction-related issues, although users get to permanently and instantly delete the logs manually whenever they wish anytime before this 7-day auto clear period as well. Does provide distribution control for each individual address separately; time-delay too is available although itโs randomly set by the platform and not user-controlled. The minimum limit too is quite low at just 0.0005BTC while the maximum limit depends on the real-time reserves. Bottom line, apart from lower user-control on fee and time-delays itโs pretty perfect.How it works: you fill in the whole amount of the resource account and the Yomix system divides it into small amounts and distributes them to different wallets, mixing them with the coins of other clients or with bitcoins taken on a foreign cryptocurrency exchange, you also get them in small portions to your wallet already washed. This process increases the anonymity of your coins. Features of the service: The main difference between this server is that it has 2 different mixing modes. Cleaning is carried out automatically.In one of the modes, pure BTC is received through foreign cryptocurrency exchanges. Guarantees with PGP signatures are used. Low and high minimum and maximum entry thresholds from 0.001 BTC to 50 BTC. The mixing procedure takes up to 6 hours. Note that there are services that offer to wait 1-2 days. Registration on this platform is not required. Cleaning is carried out automatically. Data encryption is practiced. At the time of writing, Yomix is one of the best BTC mixing services out there. We definitely recommend it.An interesting cryptocurrency tumbler is Yomix. It supports bitcoin and Ethereum cryptocurrencies bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.2 BTC and the transaction fee is 2โ5%. It does not support multiple addresses and requires 6 confirmations. No registration is required and it does not offer a referral program. Pros: No-logs policiExcellent customer support 2. Coinmize – Zero-log policy Letโs take a look at another one of the leading bitcoin mixers which is incredibly easy to operate. Coinmize has a straightforward interface and it is worth mentioning that the service fee is the lowest possible, it is 0.0% with 0.0002 BTC per extra address. Retention period is 7 days when it is easy for a user to manually remove all the logs which are saved for this period because of any future transaction-related problems. There is a time-delay feature, however, it is not possible to be controlled by a user but the mixing platform only.Compared to other Bitcoin tumblers, Coinmize stands out from the crowd thanks to the additional anonymity offered. Users are given the option to split and merge coins into different wallets to various addresses. Additionally, Coinmize provides support for unlimited addresses and does not require user registration. Although only Bitcoin is supported and there are no referral programs, ChipMixer does not charge users with any service fees. With the option to donate BTCs being made available.Coinmize is one of those mixing services that keep your crypto safe. The platform will take your bitcoin, mix it with other deposits, and give you the same amount of bitcoin in return. Itโs designed to reduce bitcoin tracking, โcleanโ your coins, and help ensure anonymity on the transparent bitcoin network. A bitcoin mixer service like BitMix.Biz will take your bitcoin, then give you different bitcoin in return. The platform collects everyoneโs bitcoin deposits, mixes them up into one central account, and then returns the bitcoins to users. You get the same amount of bitcoin (minus a fee), but different bitcoin from different parts of the blockchain. With BitMix.Biz, you get a letter of guarantee. That letter of guarantee is proof of BitMix.Bizโs obligations. When they give you their bitcoin address, theyโll provide a digitally-signed confirmation that this address has genuinely been generated by the server. That letter is always signed from the BitMix.Biz main bitcoin account (that account is publicly available on BitMix.Biz). The platform also uses a special 12 symbol โcodeโ to ensure you get your bitcoin back every time you use the service. You save that code. That code also 100% excludes you from receiving your own coins anytime in the future. With Coinmize you will get: Fully Anonymity After your order is invalid, BitMix.Biz will remove any information about your transactions. Absolutely no logs or personality identifying information is kept regarding your use of the BitMix.Biz service. Instant Transfer Money is instantly transferred to your address after your transaction is confirmed. Partner Program Coinmize pays users when they refer others to the platform. Theyโll pay for every transaction made by an invited user. The platform charges a mining fee of 0.4 to 4%. You can set the fee manually when youโre mixing your bitcoins. The address fee is 0.0005 BTC per output address to cover any transaction fees charged by miners. BitMix.Bizโs mixing process takes up to 24 hours, although itโs usually โalmost instantโ depending on the current service load. Youโre required to mix a minimum of 0.007 BTC and a maximum of 1000 BTC. Transactions outside this range will not be accepted.Grams itself is a brand on the Darknet so I believe not much needs to be said about it. Grams Helix is one of its subsidiaries and is one of the most reputed and widely used Coinmize services out there, itโs simple, modern, and definitely trustworthy. Grams supports only Bitcoins for now. It needs 2 confirmations before it cleans and sends you your coins. It obviously supports time-delay, but itโs automatically set to โ2 hoursโ for some reasons. It also supports โRandom transactionsโ for the deposit, the deposit address changes after each transaction and allows you to send more than 1 transactions to Grams Helix instead of sending in all your coins in a single go. The same is also supported for the โoutput addressesโ (where you receive coins) and you can input as many as 5 different BTC addresses where your coins are sent after cleaning them. The coin-deposit address is valid for 8 hours, and any transaction not done within these 8 hours wonโt be received by the platform. Pros: Proven track recordAllows extra payout addresses 3. Mixero – Excellent customer support Mixero is a Bitcoin mixing service that provides privacy by using the โBitcoin Mixer 2.0โ algorithm to shuffle bitcoins. Unlike other similar tumbling services that mix your coins with the coins of other users, this platform mixes your crypto with the crypto bought by them directly from the cryptocurrency stock exchanges. Mixero verifies the newly purchased coins with a scoring system with the help of innovative algorithms and outfoxes such technologies as blockchain volume analysis, cluster analysis, taint analysis, etc. It means that you will receive your BTC back split into random parts, and even at the different addresses if needed. Consequently, your privacy is protected as there is no connection to you. And it takes up to 6 hours to complete your request. Another privacy feature of this mixer service is that it does not require registration and it does not store logs. All the transactions are digitally signed with letters of guarantee that you can check on the website at any moment. They also provide 24/7 technical support. MixTum.io will charge you a 5% Fee from your transaction as well as a network fee of 0.00015 BTC. The platform provides two versions โ for Clearnet and Tor browsers.Bitcoin Blender isnโt as heavily decorated as Mixero, as far as the webpage design goes. But the services and reviews are in no way less as compared to any of the top Bitcoin Tumbler services on the web. Itโs a service functional since 2014, and offers two different kind of accounts: Quickmix: Requires no login, but offers lesser control Login enabled account: Requires you to login, provides for more control than the quickmix account. The mixing service is only accessible from its Onion URL, and even though it has a clearnet URL, it primarily only serves an educational purpose. Itโs exclusively a Bitcoin mixing service, and supports only Bitcoin. As for the fee, it doesnโt have anything specific, and charges a random fee between 1-3%. This is done to keep our Bitcoins anonymous and more secure, rather than tagging them with a specific fee. Although thereโs a special program, or incentive so to say, if amounts worth more than 10 BTC are deposited within a time-frame of 7 days, the fee is reduced by half! Obviously, there also is the time-delay feature, allowing us to delay the transaction by as much as 24 hours. As for security, it supports 2-factor authentication, facilitated with a customized PGP key which ensures only the holder of the PGP key along with the knowledge of the password can access your accounts. It also supports as many as 5 simultaneous deposit addresses, which get you the power to deposit unmixed funds by splitting them into more than one single transaction. And finally, thereโs a no logs policy as well, and all the data including deposit addresses and support messages are deleted after 10 days.If youโre looking for a mixer which neither keeps any logs, nor asks you to register; Mixero is an option you can peek at. It does offer registrations in case youโd want to keep things professional, organized and are a frequent mixer. Itโs one of the very few mixers which offer โmultiple deposit addressesโ (upto 5); so you can break the deposit into multiple parts which add upto your total amount. Even offers 2-FA (via PGP) for account security. It also acts as a BTC aXMR a BTC convertor which further adds anonymity. The fee is randomized between a minimum 1% and a maximum 4%. Minimum Withdrawal and deposit limits are acceptable, currently 0.00045 BTC and 0.0018 BTC respectively. Upto 10 additional addresses supported for each output. Time-delays arenโt completely user-controlled, yet users get to specify the maximum delay they want for the total output. All outputs are processed before this timer is reached. Instant withdrawal too available.Another trustworthy mixer is Mixero which supports two cryptocurrencies with Ethereum to be added soon. The mixing process is quite typical and similar to the processes on other tumblers. It is possible to set a time-delay option up to 72 hours and a sender has an opportunity to split the transaction, so the funds are sent to several addresses. Thus, senderโs funds are more secured and untraceable. Pros: Customizable mixing settings for better anonymityExtensive FAQ section 4. Coin Mixer – Fast payouts Coin Mixer is a simple service that will increase your privacy while using and transacting Litecoin. Every single person have its right for a personal privacy even when transacting, trading or donating Litecoin. Due to litecoin blockchain features you are not completely anonymous while using LTC and here comes Litecoin Mixing Service to help you cut all ties between your old and fresh mixed LTC coins. Using LTC mixer makes almost impossible third-parties to trace your new Litecoin Address and find out how wealthy you are.Coin Mixer is a very impressive service if you want to maintain your anonymity when you make purchases online. It can also be useful if you want to do p2p payments and donations. The service is used to mix a personโs funds and give this person some fresh bitcoins. The focus here is on making sure that the blender has the ability to confuse the trail as somebody could try to figure out the source. The best mixer is that one that keeps your anonymity at a max. You want each bitcoin transaction to be very hard to trace. This is where using our bitcoin mixing service makes a lot of sense. Protect your income and personal information becomes much easier. The reason why you want to use our service is because you want to hide your coins from hackers and third-parties. They can do a blockchain analysis, they may be able to track your personal data to steal your bitcoins. With our bitcoin tumbler, you donโt have to worry about that anymore.Coin Mixer supports Bitcoin and Litecoin cryptocurrencies bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.005 BTC, 0.015 LTC and the transaction fee is from 0.4% to 4% + mining fee 0.0003 for BTC, from 2% to 20% + mining fee 0.0003 for LTC. It supports multiple addresses of up to 5 and requires confirmation from 1 till 6. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program as well as a letter of guarantee.This Coin Mixer also supports Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies like Ethereum, Bitcoin Cash, and Litecoin bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.005 BTC, 0.01 BCH, 0.1 ETH, 1 LTC, and the transaction fee is 0.5% plus 0.0005 for each extra address. It supports multiple addresses of up to 10 and requires confirmation from 1 to 50. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program. Also, it comes with a letter of guarantee. Pros: Provides user-controlled time delays Zero-log policy 5. Bitcoin Mixer – It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitBitcoin Mixer is an extremely basic mixer. It allows only 1 output address to be specified. The UI too is extremely simple and doesnโt feature any sliders or calculators. Users simply enter their output address and receive the funds as simple as that. The minimum mix amount is 0.001BTC while the maximum is 100BTC. Amounts out of these limits will not be mixed. Users have no control on the fee and itโs randomized between 0.5% and 1%. An additional 0.0005 BTC miner fee also exists. The time-delay too (if any) isnโt user controlled and the mixer sends out funds at its own pace. Its working infrastructure seems to differ from other mixers out there. While most other mixers have a โreserveโ, this platform seems to use miners. The unclean coins are sent to โminersโ, and the clean coins too are claimed to be sent out from โminersโ. It however doesnโt keep any logs and all information is deleted once a transaction is complete.The principle of operation of the resource is that Bitcoin Mixer sends coins of all users to a single account, mixes them, and then distributes coins to users. You get the same amount (minus commission) of already cleared bitcoins, including several from different parts of the blockchain. Which makes it almost impossible to analyze it. The mixer also sends you a letter of guarantee. This letter of guarantee is a confirmation of the obligations of BitMix biz and that the service has generated an address for the user to send. This email is always signed from the main bitcoin account Bitcoin Mixer (publicly available at BitMix biz). The service also uses a unique code of 12 characters, after that, this user will never receive exactly his own coins back. Save this code it will be needed for the affiliate program. BitMix biz includes an affiliate program and pays users when they bring other users to the platform. You will receive a fee for every transaction you refer to. BitMix bizโs robust privacy policy is backed by several points: No registration and identity verification required. Transaction history is deleted after 72 hours. The randomization function makes the analysis of the protocol more difficult. Tor browser support.What marks Bitcoin Mixer out from the crowd is the fact that this crypto mixer is able to process transactions for Bitcoin and Litecoin. There is a minimum deposit requirement for both Bitcoin and Litecoin. The site is able to support a maximum of 5 multiple addresses with confirmation required for all addresses. No site registration is required and there is a referral program in place. Additionally, Bitcoin Mixer can provide clients with a letter of guarantee.Bitcoin Mixer is unique in the sense that it offers support for both Bitcoin and Ethereum. The site does not require registration and has a minimum deposit requirement of 0.2 BTC. Transaction fees range from 2 โ 5% depending on the amount that is being transferred. There is no referral program offer for Bitcoin Mixer and multiple addresses are not supported. Finally, letters of guarantee are not provided. Pros: Available in Tor It has a positive reputation among the Bitcoin community
Bitcoin Blender isnโt as heavily decorated as Mixer Money, as far as the webpage design goes. But the services and reviews are in no way less as compared to any of the top Bitcoin Tumbler services on the web. Itโs a service functional since 2014, and offers two different kind of accounts: Quickmix: Requires no login, but offers lesser control Login enabled account: Requires you to login, provides for more control than the quickmix account. The mixing service is only accessible from its Onion URL, and even though it has a clearnet URL, it primarily only serves an educational purpose. Itโs exclusively a Bitcoin mixing service, and supports only Bitcoin. As for the fee, it doesnโt have anything specific, and charges a random fee between 1-3%. This is done to keep our Bitcoins anonymous and more secure, rather than tagging them with a specific fee. Although thereโs a special program, or incentive so to say, if amounts worth more than 10 BTC are deposited within a time-frame of 7 days, the fee is reduced by half! Obviously, there also is the time-delay feature, allowing us to delay the transaction by as much as 24 hours. As for security, it supports 2-factor authentication, facilitated with a customized PGP key which ensures only the holder of the PGP key along with the knowledge of the password can access your accounts. It also supports as many as 5 simultaneous deposit addresses, which get you the power to deposit unmixed funds by splitting them into more than one single transaction. And finally, thereโs a no logs policy as well, and all the data including deposit addresses and support messages are deleted after 10 days. Yomix : Excellent customer support Bitcoin Mixer : It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit Bitcoin Laundry : Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Coin Mixer : Fast payouts Coinmize : Zero-log policy 1. Yomix – Excellent customer support Yomix is another simple yet trustworthy Bitcoin Tumbler service. And one of the primary differences it has compared to the other platforms on this list is that it can accommodate really โlarge volume transactionsโ. There is no maximum transaction limit as such, considering how their reserve is really huge and youโll need to be a millionaire before you can run them out of funds. If any limit is breached, you are notified before you make the payment. The minimum transaction 0.001BTC, any amount lower than this is is considered a donation, like in the case of PriveCoin, and isnโt sent back to the customer. The minimum fee is 0.5%, with an additional 0.0005BTC for every deposited transaction. You can set a custom fee for added anonymity and they also provide a letter or guarantee like all the mentionable Bitcoin Tumblers out there.Yomix is another one of the mixer that deserves to top most Bitcoin mixer charts based. For starters its user-interface is one of the simplest and easiest to understand. Then, it supports as many as 10 additional addresses, which is the maximum most mixers on this list support. Its fee based on address, 0.0002 per address, no service fee. It has a no logs policy with a 7-day default retention of the logs for support and transaction-related issues, although users get to permanently and instantly delete the logs manually whenever they wish anytime before this 7-day auto clear period as well. Does provide distribution control for each individual address separately; time-delay too is available although itโs randomly set by the platform and not user-controlled. The minimum limit too is quite low at just 0.0005BTC while the maximum limit depends on the real-time reserves. Bottom line, apart from lower user-control on fee and time-delays itโs pretty perfect.One absolutely unique crypto mixing service is Yomix because it is based on the totally different principle comparing to other services. A user does not just deposit coins to mix, but creates a wallet and funds it with chips from 0.01 BTC to 8.192 BTC which a user can break down according to their wishes. After chips are included in the wallet, a wallet holder can deposit coins to process. As the chips are sent to the mixing service beforehand, next transactions are nowhere to be found and there is no opportunity to connect them with the wallet owner. There is no usual fee for transactions on this mixing service: it uses โPay what you likeโ feature. It means that the fee is randomized making transactions even more incognito and the service itself more affordable. Retention period is 7 days and every user has a chance to manually clear all logs prior to this period.Yomix runs on the Darknet and is one of the most popular Bitcoin toggle switches. This dark service uses new technology, it doesnโt just clean up your coins, you get brand new coins that have never been on the dark web. The cleaning process can take no more than 4 hours. To carry out cleaning on Helix in the basic version of Grams, you need to register, in the versions of Helix Light and Helix Market this is not necessary. If you still decide to use the Grams version, you will have to pay an entrance fee of 0.01 BTC. Helix has an additional feature (Auto-Helix) that allows you to specify which addresses your coins will be mixed with when they are credited to your account. Helix also enforces a โno logโ policy, all logs are deleted automatically after 7 days or by the user immediately after completion of the output. Helix has a third party server not connected to Grams. A number of Bitcoin client programs that he uses are located on a completely separate server from Helix and Grams. Even if Grams is attacked or compromised, Helix will not be affected. Pros: No-logs policiProven track record 2. Bitcoin Mixer – It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitBitcoin Mixer is a Bitcoin mixer that processes Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash transactions. The site offers a referral program for new users and supports multiple recipient addresses. Transaction fees start at 0.5% plus an extra 0.0001 BTC for each extra address added.Bitcoin Mixer is one of the best Bitcoin Tumbler services, that Iโm stating based on my personal experiences and the positive reviews of other users on the Internet. It works both as a Bitcoin Tumbler, as well as a swapper, meaning you can clean your coins, and receive them in a different cryptocurrency as well which further adds to their anonymity. As a Bitcoin Tumbler, they let you set a custom service fee, the higher this fee is, the better your coins are anonymized. Thereโs a time-delay option as well which letโs you add an extra layer of protection by delaying your transaction by up to 24 hours, so you receive your coins not instantly but at a later time set by you. As of now, it supports the following coins: Bitcoin Ethereum Bitcoin Cash Litecoin The minimum fee of mixing coins for Bitcoin is 0.8% + 0.0008BTC / forwarding address. Note that there is a minimum transaction limit of 0.01BTC/transaction, and anything below that limit is still accepted but considered โdonationsโ and hence isnโt returned to the senders. As for confirmation, it needs 1 confirmation before it cleans your Bitcoins. And the time needed for the whole process is generally instant, except when youโve manually specified a time-delay. Also, obviously there also is a โGuarantee certificateโ which helps you resolve any future conflicts and issues. It also features a โno logs policyโ like all the other Bitcoin Tumbler services on this list, and automatically deletes your order history and all the other data after 24 hours. Well, this is just one of the many available Bitcoin Tumbler services, so letโs head over to the other available options.Bitcoin Mixer is one of those mixing services that keep your crypto safe. The platform will take your bitcoin, mix it with other deposits, and give you the same amount of bitcoin in return. Itโs designed to reduce bitcoin tracking, โcleanโ your coins, and help ensure anonymity on the transparent bitcoin network. A bitcoin mixer service like BitMix.Biz will take your bitcoin, then give you different bitcoin in return. The platform collects everyoneโs bitcoin deposits, mixes them up into one central account, and then returns the bitcoins to users. You get the same amount of bitcoin (minus a fee), but different bitcoin from different parts of the blockchain. With BitMix.Biz, you get a letter of guarantee. That letter of guarantee is proof of BitMix.Bizโs obligations. When they give you their bitcoin address, theyโll provide a digitally-signed confirmation that this address has genuinely been generated by the server. That letter is always signed from the BitMix.Biz main bitcoin account (that account is publicly available on BitMix.Biz). The platform also uses a special 12 symbol โcodeโ to ensure you get your bitcoin back every time you use the service. You save that code. That code also 100% excludes you from receiving your own coins anytime in the future. With Bitcoin Mixer you will get: Fully Anonymity After your order is invalid, BitMix.Biz will remove any information about your transactions. Absolutely no logs or personality identifying information is kept regarding your use of the BitMix.Biz service. Instant Transfer Money is instantly transferred to your address after your transaction is confirmed. Partner Program Bitcoin Mixer pays users when they refer others to the platform. Theyโll pay for every transaction made by an invited user. The platform charges a mining fee of 0.4 to 4%. You can set the fee manually when youโre mixing your bitcoins. The address fee is 0.0005 BTC per output address to cover any transaction fees charged by miners. BitMix.Bizโs mixing process takes up to 24 hours, although itโs usually โalmost instantโ depending on the current service load. Youโre required to mix a minimum of 0.007 BTC and a maximum of 1000 BTC. Transactions outside this range will not be accepted.As well as others, Bitcoin Mixer has both a clear-web CryptoMixer. This mixing service is notable for accommodating extremely large-volume transactions. After public verification of their reserve of 2000 BTC there is no doubt that users can trust this mixing service and their cryprocurrencies will not be taken. The number of needed confirmations differs depending on the deposited amount, e.g. for depositing less that 25 BTC there is only 1 confirmation needed, in case of sending more than 1000 BTC a user needs to gather 5 confirmations. To use this platform, a Bitcoin Mixer code needs to be created. A user should note it, so it is easy to use it next time. After entering a CryptoMixer code, users need to provide the output address or several of them and then set a time-delay feature. A delay time is determined automatically and a user can modify it if needed. A service fee can be also selected from the table depending on the sent sum. Each transaction requires additional fee of 0.0005 BTC. Also, a calculator on the main page helps every user to see the amount of crypto money sent and got back after mixing. Pros: No logsExcellent customer support 3. Bitcoin Laundry – Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions This Bitcoin Laundry also supports Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies like Ethereum, Bitcoin Cash, and Litecoin bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.005 BTC, 0.01 BCH, 0.1 ETH, 1 LTC, and the transaction fee is 0.5% plus 0.0005 for each extra address. It supports multiple addresses of up to 10 and requires confirmation from 1 to 50. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program. Also, it comes with a letter of guarantee.How it works: you fill in the whole amount of the resource account and the Bitcoin Laundry system divides it into small amounts and distributes them to different wallets, mixing them with the coins of other clients or with bitcoins taken on a foreign cryptocurrency exchange, you also get them in small portions to your wallet already washed. This process increases the anonymity of your coins. Features of the service: The main difference between this server is that it has 2 different mixing modes. Cleaning is carried out automatically.In one of the modes, pure BTC is received through foreign cryptocurrency exchanges. Guarantees with PGP signatures are used. Low and high minimum and maximum entry thresholds from 0.001 BTC to 50 BTC. The mixing procedure takes up to 6 hours. Note that there are services that offer to wait 1-2 days. Registration on this platform is not required. Cleaning is carried out automatically. Data encryption is practiced. At the time of writing, Bitcoin Laundry is one of the best BTC mixing services out there. We definitely recommend it.Bitcoin Laundry is a Bitcoin mixing service that provides privacy by using the โBitcoin Mixer 2.0โ algorithm to shuffle bitcoins. Unlike other similar tumbling services that mix your coins with the coins of other users, this platform mixes your crypto with the crypto bought by them directly from the cryptocurrency stock exchanges. Bitcoin Laundry verifies the newly purchased coins with a scoring system with the help of innovative algorithms and outfoxes such technologies as blockchain volume analysis, cluster analysis, taint analysis, etc. It means that you will receive your BTC back split into random parts, and even at the different addresses if needed. Consequently, your privacy is protected as there is no connection to you. And it takes up to 6 hours to complete your request. Another privacy feature of this mixer service is that it does not require registration and it does not store logs. All the transactions are digitally signed with letters of guarantee that you can check on the website at any moment. They also provide 24/7 technical support. MixTum.io will charge you a 5% Fee from your transaction as well as a network fee of 0.00015 BTC. The platform provides two versions โ for Clearnet and Tor browsers.Supporting multiple types of cryptocurrency, Bitcoin Laundry is one of the most flexible Bitcoin tumblers available today. Besides requiring a minimum deposit, service fees are charged, and users are required to register to use this site. Referral programs are also on offer along with support for multiple recipient addresses (max 10). Pros: Provides user-controlled time delays It has a positive reputation among the Bitcoin community 4. Coin Mixer – Fast payouts Coin Mixer is a simple service that will increase your privacy while using and transacting Litecoin. Every single person have its right for a personal privacy even when transacting, trading or donating Litecoin. Due to litecoin blockchain features you are not completely anonymous while using LTC and here comes Litecoin Mixing Service to help you cut all ties between your old and fresh mixed LTC coins. Using LTC mixer makes almost impossible third-parties to trace your new Litecoin Address and find out how wealthy you are.Coin Mixer offers a unique service with a high degree of confidentiality, which will ensure the anonymity of your payments, by using the mixing of multiple Bitcoin addresses. Our system works quickly, reliably and with a small commission โ only after the transfer and receipt of funds to the final address. Of course, all of the data about your transaction will be irretrievably deleted.Coin Mixer is a simple service that will increase your privacy while using Ethereum and making Ether transactions. Every single person have its right for a personal privacy even when transacting, trading or donating Ether. Due to ethereum blockchain features you are not completely anonymous while using ETH and here comes Ethereum Mixing Service to help you cut all ties between your old and fresh mixed ETH coins. Using Coin Mixer mixer makes almost impossible to trace your new Ethereum Address..Coin Mixer runs on the Darknet and is one of the most popular Bitcoin toggle switches. This dark service uses new technology, it doesnโt just clean up your coins, you get brand new coins that have never been on the dark web. The cleaning process can take no more than 4 hours. To carry out cleaning on Helix in the basic version of Grams, you need to register, in the versions of Helix Light and Helix Market this is not necessary. If you still decide to use the Grams version, you will have to pay an entrance fee of 0.01 BTC. Helix has an additional feature (Auto-Helix) that allows you to specify which addresses your coins will be mixed with when they are credited to your account. Helix also enforces a โno logโ policy, all logs are deleted automatically after 7 days or by the user immediately after completion of the output. Helix has a third party server not connected to Grams. A number of Bitcoin client programs that he uses are located on a completely separate server from Helix and Grams. Even if Grams is attacked or compromised, Helix will not be affected. Pros: It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit24/7 customer support 5. Coinmize – Zero-log policy Coinmize supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.001 BTC and the transaction fee is 0.5โ3%. It supports multiple addresses of up to 10 and requires confirmation. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program. Letter of guarantee is provided.Coinmize is a coin cleaning service that can hide your footprints in the cryptocurrency world. Currently, Coinmize has a minimum withdrawal threshold of 0.03500000 BTC, so users are advised to transfer more than the entry threshold plus commission, otherwise they will not be able to withdraw funds. The client is given 5 exit addresses to be set. If for some reason, even after a delay of two hours, the userโs balance does not update, then the client can contact the support service to take action. For users who have been inactive for several days, it can take up to 15 minutes after logging in before you see outstanding deposits. The logs are kept for 7 days after which they are automatically deleted. The platform runs on a dedicated server that is openly connected via the Internet (you donโt need to do this when using the Tor browser). The Bitcoin mixer runs on a different machine, all suspicious activity is monitored and the website is automatically blocked on any signal that it is under intrusion.Being one of the earliest crypto coin tumblers, Coinmize continues to be a easy-to-use and functional crypto coin mixer. There is a possibility to have two accounts, with and without registration. The difference is that the one without registration is less controllable by a user.The mixing process can be performed and the transaction fee is charged randomly from 1% to 3% which makes the transaction more anonymous. Also, if a user deposits more than 10 BTC in a week, the mixing service reduces the fee by half. With a time-delay feature the transaction can be delayed up to 24 hours. A Bitcoin holder should worry security leak as there is a 2-factor authentication when a sender becomes a holder of a PGP key with password. However, this mixing platform does not have a Letter of Guarantee which makes it challenging to address this tumbler in case of scams.Another solid Bitcoin Tumbler option, Coinmize requires a minimum deposit of 0.01 BTC to be made but makes up for this with a lower transaction fee of 2% coupled with a 0.0004 BTC network fee. Support for multiple addresses and customer options is provided with users required to provide confirmation for only 1 address. While there is no referral program available, Coinmize does offer users with a letter of guarantee for their peace of mind. Pros: It has a positive reputation among the Bitcoin communityIt offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit
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ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะกะบะพะปัะบะพ ััะพะธั ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ: ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐ
ััะพะธะผะพััั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ ะดะปั ััะฝะดะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะผัะบ
ะกััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ โ ััะพ ัะปะพะถะฝัะน ะฟัะพัะตัั, ะบะพัะพััะน ััะตะฑัะตั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒ. ะะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ะฒะฐะถะฝัั ัะปะตะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฟัะธ ะฒะพะทะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะธ ะทะดะฐะฝะธะน ัะฒะปัะตััั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะตััั ะดะปั ัะพัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ััะฝะดะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะบะพะฝััััะบัะธะน. ะ ััะพะน ััะฐััะต ะผั ัะฐััะผะพััะธะผ, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะฐัะตะฝะดะฐ ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะพะฟัะธะผะฐะปัะฝัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐ.
ะะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ โ ััะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝััััะบัะธั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ัะปัะถะธั ัะพัะผะพะน ะดะปั ะทะฐะปะธะฒะบะธ ะฑะตัะพะฝะฝะพะน ัะผะตัะธ. ะะฝะฐ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัั ะณะตะพะผะตััะธั ะธ ะฟะพะฒะตัั ะฝะพััั ััะฝะดะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะทะฐัะธัะฐะตั ะฑะตัะพะฝ ะพั ะดะตัะพัะผะฐัะธะน ะฟัะธ ะทะฐัะฒะตัะดะตะฒะฐะฝะธะธ. ะะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ ะฝะฐะฟััะผัั ะฒะปะธัะตั ะฝะฐ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะณะพัะพะฒะพะณะพ ััะฝะดะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ, ะบะพะปะพะฝะฝ, ะฟะตัะตะบัััะธะน, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะบ ะตั ะฒัะฑะพัั ะธ ะผะพะฝัะฐะถั ัะปะตะดัะตั ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธัั ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ.
ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะฒัั ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะตะดะธ ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน ะธ ัะฐััะฝัั ะทะฐัััะพะนัะธะบะพะฒ. ะญัะพ ะพะฑััะปะพะฒะปะตะฝะพ ััะดะพะผ ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะฐัะตะฝะดะฐ ะฟะพ ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั ั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะพะน ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ.
1. ะกะฝะธะถะตะฝะธะต ะทะฐััะฐั. ะะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ะณะปะฐะฒะฝัั ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒ ะฐัะตะฝะดั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ัััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ัะฝะธะทะธัั ะทะฐััะฐัั ะฝะฐ ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ. ะะผะตััะพ ัะพะณะพ ััะพะฑั ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัั ะดะพัะพะณะพััะพััะตะต ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพััะตะฑะพะฒะฐัััั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพัะบะธะน ััะพะบ, ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฐัะตะฝะดะพะฒะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพะต ะฒัะตะผั. ะญัะพ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะพ ะดะปั ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน ะธ ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั, ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝัััะธั ัะฐะทะพะฒัะต ะฟัะพะตะบัั.
2. ะััััััะฒะธะต ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ ะฒ ั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะธ ะธ ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะธ. ะัะตะฝะดะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะต ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะต ะฝัะถะฝะพ ั ัะฐะฝะธัั ะธ ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐัั ะฟะพัะปะต ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐ. ะญัะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ัะฐัั ะพะดะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะพัะฒะพะฑะพะถะดะฐะตั ะผะตััะพ ะฝะฐ ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะปะพัะฐะดะบะต ะธ ะฒ ัะบะปะฐะดัะบะธั ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธัั .
3. ะะธะฑะบะพััั ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ. ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพะต ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฝัะถะฝะพะผ ะพะฑััะผะต ะธ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฐัะธะธ. ะัะปะธ ะฒ ะฟัะพัะตััะต ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฟะพัะฒะธััั ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััั ะฒ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบััััะธั , ะฐัะตะฝะดะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััััะพ ะธั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั. ะญัะพ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐะตั ะณะธะฑะบะพััั ะธ ะฐะดะฐะฟัะธะฒะฝะพััั ะบ ะธะทะผะตะฝัััะธะผัั ััะปะพะฒะธัะผ ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐ.
4. ะะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐั ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฐัะตะฝะดะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ััะปัะณะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะญัะพ ัะฟัะพัะฐะตั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝัั ัะฐะฑะพั ะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธั ะฒัะตะผั ะธ ัะธะปั ะฝะฐ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ.
5. ะะพัััะฟ ะบ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะผั ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะัะตะฝะดะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพ ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปััั ัะฒะพะน ะฟะฐัะบ, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฒั ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัะต ะดะพัััะฟ ะบ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะผ ะธ ั ะพัะพัะพ ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะตะผัะผ ัะธััะตะผะฐะผ ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ. ะญัะพ ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธััะตั ะฒััะพะบะพะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะธ ะฝะฐะดัะถะฝะพััั ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะต ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะผ ััะฐะฝะดะฐััะฐะผ ะธ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ.
ะะธะดั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ ะดะปั ะฐัะตะฝะดั
ะกััะตััะฒัะตั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะธะดะพะฒ ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะพัะปะธัะฐัััั ะฟะพ ะบะพะฝััััะบัะธะธ, ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผ ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑั ะผะพะฝัะฐะถะฐ. ะ ะฐััะผะพััะธะผ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝัะฝะฝัะต ะฒะธะดั:
ะะพ ะพะฑะพัะฐัะธะฒะฐะตะผะพััะธ
ะกััะผะฝะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ โ ัะฐะทะฑะพัะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝััััะบัะธั ะดะปั ะผะฝะพะณะพะบัะฐัะฝะพะณะพ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะพะปะธัะตััะฒะพ ัะธะบะปะพะฒ ะผะพะถะตั ะดะพััะธะณะฐัั 200 ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต. ะัะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะฟะพะดะฒะธะดั:
– ะะตะปะบะพัะธัะพะฒะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ;
– ะััะฟะฝะพัะธัะพะฒะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ.
ะะตัััะผะฝะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ โ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะตััั ะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ, ะพััะฐัััั ัะฐัััั ะบะพะฝััััะบัะธะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ะทะฐะปะธะฒะบะธ ะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ.
ะะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผ ะธะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั
– ััะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
– ะฟะปะฐััะธะบะพะฒะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
– ะฐะปัะผะธะฝะธะตะฒะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
– ะดะตัะตะฒัะฝะฝะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
ะะพ ะบะพะฝััััะบัะธะธ
– ะผะตะปะบะพัะธัะพะฒะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
– ะบััะฟะฝะพัะธัะพะฒะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
– ะฑะฐะปะพัะฝะพ-ัะธะณะตะปัะฝะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
– ัะฐะดะธััะฝะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
– ัะบะพะปัะทััะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
– ะบะฐัััะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ
– ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ ะฟะตัะตะบัััะธะน (ัะตะปะตัะบะพะฟะธัะตัะบะธะต ััะพะนะบะธ, ะพะฑัะตะผะฝะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ).
ะฃัะปะพะฒะธั ะฐัะตะฝะดั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฒะฐััะธัะพะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ ะพั ะฐัะตะฝะดะพะดะฐัะตะปั. ะะฑััะฝะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฒะบะปััะฐัั ะฒ ัะตะฑั:
– ััะพะธะผะพััั ะฐัะตะฝะดั ะทะฐ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝะฝัะน ะฟะตัะธะพะด ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ.
– ััะปะพะฒะธั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
– ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธะธ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ ะธ ะฝะฐะดัะถะฝะพััะธ ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ.
– ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธะน.
ะัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพ ะฒัะฑัะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะธ ัะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะฐ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธั ะฒััะพะบะพะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะธ ะฟัะพัะฝะพััั ะบะพะฝััััะบัะธะธ, ััะพ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะพะน ะดะปั ะฒัะตะณะพ ะทะดะฐะฝะธั.
ะัะตะฝะดะฐ ะพะฟะฐะปัะฑะบะธ โ ััะพ ัะดะพะฑะฝะพะต ะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะธ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะดะปั ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพะตะบัะพะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะผะฐัััะฐะฑะฐ. ะัะฑัะฐะฒ ะฝะฐัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ะฒั ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ะดะพัััะฟ ะบ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะผั ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะต, ััะพ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธั ััะฟะตัะฝะพะต ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐ.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะขะฒะตัะธ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั CENTEK
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
Equilibrado de piezas
El Balanceo de Componentes: Elemento Clave para un Desempeรฑo รptimo
ยฟ Has percibido alguna vez temblores inusuales en un equipo industrial? ยฟO sonidos fuera de lo comรบn? Muchas veces, el problema estรก en algo tan bรกsico como una irregularidad en un componente giratorio . Y crรฉeme, ignorarlo puede costarte mรกs de lo que imaginas.
El equilibrado de piezas es un procedimiento clave en la producciรณn y cuidado de equipos industriales como ejes, volantes, rotores y partes de motores elรฉctricos . Su objetivo es claro: impedir oscilaciones que, a la larga, puedan provocar desperfectos graves.
ยฟPor quรฉ es tan importante equilibrar las piezas?
Imagina que tu coche tiene un neumรกtico con peso desigual. Al acelerar, empiezan las vibraciones, el volante tiembla, e incluso puedes sentir incomodidad al conducir . En maquinaria industrial ocurre algo similar, pero con consecuencias mucho mรกs graves :
Aumento del desgaste en cojinetes y rodamientos
Sobrecalentamiento de componentes
Riesgo de fallos mecรกnicos repentinos
Paradas imprevistas que exigen arreglos costosos
En resumen: si no se corrige a tiempo, una leve irregularidad puede transformarse en un problema grave .
Mรฉtodos de equilibrado: cuรกl elegir
No todos los casos son iguales. Dependiendo del tipo de pieza y su uso, se aplican distintas tรฉcnicas:
Equilibrado dinรกmico
Ideal para piezas que giran a alta velocidad, como rotores o ejes . Se realiza en mรกquinas especializadas que detectan el desequilibrio en dos o mรกs planos . Es el mรฉtodo mรกs exacto para asegurar un movimiento uniforme .
Equilibrado estรกtico
Se usa principalmente en piezas como ruedas, discos o volantes . Aquรญ solo se corrige el peso excesivo en una sola superficie . Es รกgil, prรกctico y efectivo para determinados sistemas.
Correcciรณn del desequilibrio: cรณmo se hace
Taladrado selectivo: se quita peso en el punto sobrecargado
Colocaciรณn de contrapesos: tal como en neumรกticos o perfiles de poleas
Ajuste de masas: tรญpico en bielas y elementos estratรฉgicos
Equipos profesionales para detectar y corregir vibraciones
Para hacer un diagnรณstico certero, necesitas herramientas precisas. Hoy en dรญa hay opciones econรณmicas pero potentes, tales como:
โ Balanset-1A โ Tu compaรฑero compacto para medir y ajustar vibraciones
https://www.zambianews.net/newsr/15871
https://kmbbb47.com/your-guide-to-free-spins-no-deposit-bonuses-in-canada-updated-weekly/
Equilibrado de piezas
El Equilibrado de Piezas: Clave para un Funcionamiento Eficiente
ยฟ En algรบn momento te has dado cuenta de movimientos irregulares en una mรกquina? ยฟO tal vez escuchaste ruidos anรณmalos? Muchas veces, el problema estรก en algo tan bรกsico como una falta de simetrรญa en un elemento mรณvil. Y crรฉeme, ignorarlo puede costarte caro .
El equilibrado de piezas es una tarea fundamental tanto en la fabricaciรณn como en el mantenimiento de maquinaria agrรญcola, ejes, volantes, rotores y componentes de motores elรฉctricos . Su objetivo es claro: evitar vibraciones innecesarias que pueden causar daรฑos serios a largo plazo .
ยฟPor quรฉ es tan importante equilibrar las piezas?
Imagina que tu coche tiene un neumรกtico con peso desigual. Al acelerar, empiezan los temblores, el manubrio se mueve y hasta puede aparecer cierta molestia al manejar . En maquinaria industrial ocurre algo similar, pero con consecuencias mucho mรกs graves :
Aumento del desgaste en bearings y ejes giratorios
Sobrecalentamiento de elementos sensibles
Riesgo de colapsos inesperados
Paradas sin programar seguidas de gastos elevados
En resumen: si no se corrige a tiempo, una leve irregularidad puede transformarse en un problema grave .
Mรฉtodos de equilibrado: cuรกl elegir
No todos los casos son iguales. Dependiendo del tipo de pieza y su uso, se aplican distintas tรฉcnicas:
Equilibrado dinรกmico
Perfecto para elementos que operan a velocidades altas, tales como ejes o rotores . Se realiza en mรกquinas especializadas que detectan el desequilibrio en varios niveles simultรกneos. Es el mรฉtodo mรกs exacto para asegurar un movimiento uniforme .
Equilibrado estรกtico
Se usa principalmente en piezas como llantas, platos o poleas . Aquรญ solo se corrige el peso excesivo en una รบnica direcciรณn. Es rรกpido, fรกcil y funcional para algunos equipos .
Correcciรณn del desequilibrio: cรณmo se hace
Taladrado selectivo: se perfora la regiรณn con exceso de masa
Colocaciรณn de contrapesos: tal como en neumรกticos o perfiles de poleas
Ajuste de masas: habitual en ejes de motor y partes relevantes
Equipos profesionales para detectar y corregir vibraciones
Para hacer un diagnรณstico certero, necesitas herramientas precisas. Hoy en dรญa hay opciones accesibles y muy efectivas, como :
โ Balanset-1A โ Tu compaรฑero compacto para medir y ajustar vibraciones
https://www.snabco.ru/fw/inc/promokod_pokerdom_oficialnuy_sayt.html
ะัั ะพ ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะต ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ: ะฟัะพะตะบัั, ัะตะฝั ะธ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพััะธ
ะกััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะฒัั ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัะผ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐะผ: ัะฝะตัะณะพัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััะธ, ัะบะพะปะพะณะธัะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะฑััััะพัะต ะฒะพะทะฒะตะดะตะฝะธั. ะะธะถะต ะฒั ะฝะฐะนะดะตัะต ะฟะพะดัะพะฑะฝัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฐัะฟะตะบัะฐั ััะพะณะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐ ะธ ััะปัะณะฐั , ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัั ั ะตะณะพ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ.
ะดะพะผะฐ ะฟะพะด ะบะปัั ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะปะพะบะฐ
ะะพัะตะผั ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝ ะดะปั ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะดะพะผะฐ?
ะะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝ โ ััะพ ะปะตะณะบะธะน ััะตะธัััะน ะฑะตัะพะฝ, ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐััะธะน ะพัะปะธัะฝัะผะธ ัะตะฟะปะพะธะทะพะปััะธะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ัะฒะพะนััะฒะฐะผะธ, ะฒััะพะบะพะน ะฟัะพัะฝะพัััั ะธ ัะบะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะพะน ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพัััั. ะะฝ ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธั ะดะปั ะฒะพะทะฒะตะดะตะฝะธั ะบะฐะบ ะพะดะฝะพััะฐะถะฝัั , ัะฐะบ ะธ ะดะฒัั ััะฐะถะฝัั ะดะพะผะพะฒ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะดะปั ัะตะฐะปะธะทะฐัะธะธ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฐัั ะธัะตะบัััะฝัั ะฟัะพะตะบัะพะฒ.
ะะธะดั ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ
ะะดะฝะพััะฐะถะฝัะต ะดะพะผะฐ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ
ะัะพะตะบัั ะพะดะฝะพััะฐะถะฝัั ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ โ ะพะฟัะธะผะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะดะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ัะตะฝะธั ะบะพะผัะพัั ะธ ะฟัะพััะพัั.
ะะพะผ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ ะฟะพะด ะบะปัั โ ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะฒัะต ััะฐะฟั ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธ ะพัะดะตะปะบะธ.
ะฆะตะฝะฐ ะดะพะผะฐ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ ะฟะพะด ะบะปัั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะธ ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ โ ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ะพั ะฟะปะพัะฐะดะธ, ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐ ะธ ะฒัะฑัะฐะฝะฝัั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒ.
ะะฒัั ััะฐะถะฝัะต ะดะพะผะฐ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ
ะัะพะตะบัั ะดะฒัั ััะฐะถะฝัั ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ โ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปััั ัะตะฐะปะธะทะพะฒะฐัั ะฟัะพััะพัะฝัะต ะถะธะปัะต ะฟัะพัััะฐะฝััะฒะฐ.
ะกััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ โ ะฑััััะพะต ะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต.
ะกััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะฟะพะด ะบะปัั: ััะฐะฟั ะธ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพััะธ
ะคัะฝะดะฐะผะตะฝั ะดะปั ะดะพะผะฐ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ โ ะปะตะฝัะพัะฝัะน ััะฝะดะฐะผะตะฝั ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัะผ ะธ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะผ.
ะกััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ โ ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะฒะพะทะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะต ััะตะฝ, ััะตะฟะปะตะฝะธะต, ะพัะดะตะปะพัะฝัะต ัะฐะฑะพัั.
ะกัะพะธะผะพััั ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะดะพะผะฐ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ ะฟะพะด ะบะปัั โ ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ะพั ะฟะปะพัะฐะดะธ, ัะปะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะพะตะบัะฐ ะธ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐ.
ะฆะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะฟะพะด ะบะปัั
ะ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะธ ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ โ ะพั 25 000 ะดะพ 45 000 ััะฑ. ะทะฐ ะผ?.
ะ ะดััะณะธั ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐั โ ัะตะฝั ะผะพะณัั ะฑััั ะฝะธะถะต.
ะะพัะตะผั ััะพะธั ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะดะพะผะฐ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ ะฟะพะด ะบะปัั?
ะญะบะพะฝะพะผะธั ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะธ ัะธะป โ ะฒัะต ััะฐะฟั ะพั ะฟัะพะตะบัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะพ ะพัะดะตะปะบะธ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝััััั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะฐะผะธ.
ะะฐัะฐะฝัะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ โ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟัะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะพะปะพะณะธะน ะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒ.
ะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะณะพัะพะฒัะน ะฟัะพะตะบั ะธะปะธ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ.
ะะพะถะฝะพ ะปะธ ะฟะพัััะพะธัั ะดะพะผ ะธะท ะณะฐะทะพะฑะตัะพะฝะฐ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ััะบะฐะผะธ?
ะขะตะพัะตัะธัะตัะบะธ โ ะดะฐ, ะฟัะธ ะฝะฐะปะธัะธะธ ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะฝะฐะฒัะบะพะฒ ะธ ะพะฟััะฐ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะดะปั ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธั ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะฝะพัะผ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะดะพะฒะตัะธัั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะฐะผ.
Equilibrar rรกpidamente
Equilibrado dinรกmico portรกtil:
Soluciones rรกpidas sin desmontar mรกquinas
Imagina esto: tu rotor empieza a temblar, y cada minuto de inactividad cuesta dinero. ยฟDesmontar la mรกquina y esperar dรญas por un taller? Olvรญdalo. Con un equipo de equilibrado portรกtil, resuelves sobre el terreno en horas, sin alterar su posiciรณn.
ยฟPor quรฉ un equilibrador mรณvil es como un “herramienta crรญtica” para mรกquinas rotativas?
Fรกcil de transportar y altamente funcional, este dispositivo es la herramienta que todo tรฉcnico deberรญa tener a mano. Con un poco de prรกctica, puedes:
โ Evitar fallos secundarios por vibraciones excesivas.
โ Minimizar tiempos muertos y mantener la operaciรณn.
โ Trabajar en lugares remotos, desde plataformas petroleras hasta plantas eรณlicas.
ยฟCuรกndo es ideal el equilibrado rรกpido?
Siempre que puedas:
– Contar con visibilidad al sistema giratorio.
– Instalar medidores sin obstรกculos.
– Ajustar el peso (aรฑadiendo o removiendo masa).
Casos tรญpicos donde conviene usarlo:
La mรกquina rueda mรกs de lo normal o emite sonidos extraรฑos.
No hay tiempo para desmontajes (operaciรณn prioritaria).
El equipo es costoso o difรญcil de detener.
Trabajas en รกreas donde no hay asistencia mecรกnica disponible.
Ventajas clave vs. llamar a un tรฉcnico
| Equipo portรกtil | Servicio externo |
|—————-|——————|
| โ Rรกpida intervenciรณn (sin demoras) | โ Demoras por agenda y logรญstica |
| โ Monitoreo preventivo (evitas fallas mayores) | โ Suele usarse solo cuando hay emergencias |
| โ Ahorro a largo plazo (menos desgaste y reparaciones) | โ Gastos periรณdicos por externalizaciรณn |
ยฟQuรฉ mรกquinas se pueden equilibrar?
Cualquier sistema rotativo, como:
– Turbinas de vapor/gas
– Motores industriales
– Ventiladores de alta potencia
– Molinos y trituradoras
– Hรฉlices navales
– Bombas centrรญfugas
Requisito clave: hรกbitat adecuado para trabajar con precisiรณn.
Tecnologรญa que simplifica el proceso
Los equipos modernos incluyen:
Apps intuitivas (guรญan paso a paso, sin cรกlculos manuales).
Anรกlisis en tiempo real (grรกficos claros de vibraciones).
Autonomรญa prolongada (ideales para trabajo en campo).
Ejemplo prรกctico:
Un molino en una mina empezรณ a generar riesgos estructurales. Con un equipo portรกtil, el tรฉcnico detectรณ un desbalance en 20 minutos. Lo corrigiรณ aรฑadiendo contrapesos y impidiรณ una interrupciรณn prolongada.
ยฟPor quรฉ esta versiรณn es mรกs efectiva?
– Estructura mรกs dinรกmica: Listas, tablas y negritas mejoran la legibilidad.
– Enfoque prรกctico: Ofrece aplicaciones tangibles del mรฉtodo.
– Lenguaje persuasivo: Frases como “recurso vital” o “evitas fallas mayores” refuerzan el valor del servicio.
– Detalles tรฉcnicos รบtiles: Se especifican requisitos y tecnologรญas modernas.
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ะััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ: ะะฐะดะตะถะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะดะปั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ะธ ัะฐััะฝัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ
ะััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ โ ััะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะฐั ัะพััะฐะฒะปัััะฐั ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะน ะปะพะณะธััะธะบะธ, ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐััะฐั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบั ัะพะฒะฐัะพะฒ ะธ ะณััะทะพะฒ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต, ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธ ะทะฐ ะตั ะฟัะตะดะตะปะฐะผะธ. ะ ััะปะพะฒะธัั ะดะธะฝะฐะผะธัะฝะพะณะพ ััะฝะบะฐ ะธ ัะฐััััะธั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะบ ัะบะพัะพััะธ ะธ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะพะบ, ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ัะธัะพะบะธะน ัะฟะตะบัั ััะปัะณ, ะฐะดะฐะฟัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑัะต ะฝัะถะดั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ.
ััะฐะป ััะพ
ะััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะธ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ
ะัะพะฑะพะต ะทะฝะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะธะผะตะตั ะณััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะธ ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะะดะตัั ะฒะพัััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะต ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะบััะฟะฝัะต, ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะฐ ััะฐะฝะบะพะฒ ะธะปะธ ะฝะตะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ. ะะปั ััะพะณะพ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทััั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัะต ะฒะธะดั ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ััะฐะป โ ะฝะธะทะบะพัะฐะผะฝัะน ััะฐะป, ะฟัะตะดะฝะฐะทะฝะฐัะตะฝะฝัะน ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ัะฟะตััะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะธ ะบััะฟะฝะพะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ. ะขัะฐะป โ ััะพ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะดะปั ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะธัะพะฒะบะธ ััะถะตะปัั ะธ ะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ, ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ััะฐะฝััะพัะผะฐัะพัั ะธะปะธ ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะฐ.
ะะตะถะดัะณะพัะพะดะฝะธะต ะณััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ
ะััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ ััะตะฑััั ะพัะพะฑะพะณะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะฐ, ะฟะพัะบะพะปัะบั ัััะฐะฝะฐ ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐะตั ะพะณัะพะผะฝะพะน ัะตััะธัะพัะธะตะน ะธ ัะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะฝัะผะธ ะบะปะธะผะฐัะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ััะปะพะฒะธัะผะธ. ะขัะฐะฝัะฟะพััะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ััะปัะณะธ ะฟะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะต ะณััะทะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะปัะฑัะต ัะฐัััะพัะฝะธั, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะผะตะถะดัะณะพัะพะดะฝะธะต ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบั ะณััะทะพะฒ ะธะท ะะพัะบะฒั ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝั ััะปัะณะธ ะฟะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะต ะณััะทะพะฒ ะดะพ 20 ัะพะฝะฝ, ััะพ ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธั ะดะปั ะผะฐะปะพะณะพ ะธ ััะตะดะฝะตะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ.
ะะธะดั ะณััะทะพะฒัั ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะพะบ ะธ ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ
ะะปั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ัะธะฟะพะฒ ะณััะทะพะฒ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทััััั ัะฐะทะฝัะต ะฒะธะดั ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะฐ:
ะะฒัะพะผะพะฑะธะปัะฝัะต ะณััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ โ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝะฝัะน ะฒะธะด, ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธั ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะณััะทะพะฒ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะธ ะ ะพััะธะธ.
ะ ะตััะธะถะตัะฐัะพัะฝัะต ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ โ ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ัะบะพัะพะฟะพััััะธั ัั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ.
ะะธะทะบะพัะฐะผะฝัะต ััะฐะปั โ ะดะปั ััะถะตะปัั ะธ ะฝะตะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ.
ะะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะฐ ะพะฟะฐัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ โ ั ัะพะฑะปัะดะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฒัะตั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ.
ะะตะดะพัะพะณะธะต ะณััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะบะปะธะตะฝัั ะธััั ะณััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะธ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฝะตะดะพัะพะณะพ. ะกะตะณะพะดะฝั ัััะตััะฒัะตั ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน, ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐััะธั ััะปัะณะธ ะฟะพ ัะฐะทัะผะฝัะผ ัะตะฝะฐะผ, ัะพั ัะฐะฝัั ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฒััะพะบะธะน ััะพะฒะตะฝั ัะตัะฒะธัะฐ. ะะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะณััะทะพะฒัั ะผะฐัะธะฝั ะธะปะธ ััะปัะณั ะฟะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะตัะตะท ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ะทะฐัะฒะบะธ, ััะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฟัะพัะฐะตั ะฟัะพัะตัั.
ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ
ะะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะณััะทะพะฒ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะธ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ โ ะฑััััะพ ะธ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝะพ.
ะะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะฐ ะฝะตะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะธ ะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝัั ะณััะทะพะฒ โ ั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ััะฐะปะพะฒ.
ะะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะฐ ััะฐะฝะบะพะฒ ะธ ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั โ ั ััะตัะพะผ ะฒัะตั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ.
ะขัะฐะฝัะฟะพััะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐัั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะน ัะตะณะธะพะฝ ัััะฐะฝั.
ะะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฝะตะดะพัะพะณะพ โ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะพะฟัะธะผะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะผะฐัััััะพะฒ ะธ ะฐะฒัะพะฟะฐัะบะฐ.
ะัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ััะปัะณะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝะถะตะฝะตัะพะฒ ะพัะธัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะผะฐััะตััะบะพะน.
ะัะปะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั ั ะพะปะพะดะธะปัะฝะธะบะพะฒ gorenje ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต, ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟะพัะผะพััะตัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต: ัะตะผะพะฝั ั ะพะปะพะดะธะปัะฝะธะบะพะฒ gorenje ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ยฟMovimientos irregulares en tu equipo industrial? Servicio de balanceo dinรกmico en campo y comercializaciรณn de dispositivos especializados.
ยฟHas notado oscilaciones anรณmalas, ruidos extraรฑos o desgaste acelerado en tus equipos? Estos son seรฑales claras de que tu equipo industrial necesita un ajuste de precisiรณn especializado.
Sin necesidad de desinstalar y transportar tus mรกquinas a un taller, nosotros vamos hasta tu planta industrial con herramientas de vanguardia para resolver el problema sin afectar tu operaciรณn.
Beneficios de nuestro servicio de equilibrado in situ
โ Evitamos desarmados y transportes โ Realizamos el servicio en tu locaciรณn.
โ Anรกlisis exacto โ Utilizamos tecnologรญa avanzada para localizar el fallo.
โ Soluciones rรกpidas โ Soluciones rรกpidas en cuestiรณn de horas.
โ Documentaciรณn tรฉcnica โ Documentamos los resultados antes y despuรฉs del equilibrado.
โ Experiencia multidisciplinar โ Solucionamos problemas en maquinaria pesada y liviana.
La Nivelaciรณn de Partes Mรณviles: Esencial para una Operaciรณn Sin Vibraciones
ยฟ En algรบn momento te has dado cuenta de movimientos irregulares en una mรกquina? ยฟO tal vez escuchaste ruidos anรณmalos? Muchas veces, el problema estรก en algo tan bรกsico como una irregularidad en un componente giratorio . Y crรฉeme, ignorarlo puede costarte mรกs de lo que imaginas.
El equilibrado de piezas es una tarea fundamental tanto en la fabricaciรณn como en el mantenimiento de maquinaria agrรญcola, ejes, volantes, rotores y componentes de motores elรฉctricos . Su objetivo es claro: evitar vibraciones innecesarias que pueden causar daรฑos serios a largo plazo .
ยฟPor quรฉ es tan importante equilibrar las piezas?
Imagina que tu coche tiene un neumรกtico con peso desigual. Al acelerar, empiezan los temblores, el manubrio se mueve y hasta puede aparecer cierta molestia al manejar . En maquinaria industrial ocurre algo similar, pero con consecuencias considerablemente mรกs serias:
Aumento del desgaste en soportes y baleros
Sobrecalentamiento de elementos sensibles
Riesgo de averรญas sรบbitas
Paradas sin programar seguidas de gastos elevados
En resumen: si no se corrige a tiempo, un pequeรฑo desequilibrio puede convertirse en un gran dolor de cabeza .
Mรฉtodos de equilibrado: cuรกl elegir
No todos los casos son iguales. Dependiendo del tipo de pieza y su uso, se aplican distintas tรฉcnicas:
Equilibrado dinรกmico
Recomendado para componentes que rotan rรกpidamente, por ejemplo rotores o ejes. Se realiza en mรกquinas especializadas que detectan el desequilibrio en mรบltiples superficies . Es el mรฉtodo mรกs exacto para asegurar un movimiento uniforme .
Equilibrado estรกtico
Se usa principalmente en piezas como llantas, platos o poleas . Aquรญ solo se corrige el peso excesivo en una รบnica direcciรณn. Es รกgil, prรกctico y efectivo para determinados sistemas.
Correcciรณn del desequilibrio: cรณmo se hace
Taladrado selectivo: se quita peso en el punto sobrecargado
Colocaciรณn de contrapesos: como en ruedas o anillos de volantes
Ajuste de masas: tรญpico en bielas y elementos estratรฉgicos
Equipos profesionales para detectar y corregir vibraciones
Para hacer un diagnรณstico certero, necesitas herramientas precisas. Hoy en dรญa hay opciones econรณmicas pero potentes, tales como:
โ Balanset-1A โ Tu asistente mรณvil para analizar y corregir oscilaciones
analizador de vibrasiones
Equilibrado dinรกmico portรกtil:
Reparaciรณn รกgil sin desensamblar
Imagina esto: tu rotor comienza a vibrar, y cada minuto de inactividad genera pรฉrdidas. ยฟDesmontar la mรกquina y esperar dรญas por un taller? Descartado. Con un equipo de equilibrado portรกtil, corriges directamente en el lugar en horas, sin mover la maquinaria.
ยฟPor quรฉ un equilibrador mรณvil es como un “paquete esencial” para mรกquinas rotativas?
Fรกcil de transportar y altamente funcional, este dispositivo es la herramienta que todo tรฉcnico deberรญa tener a mano. Con un poco de prรกctica, puedes:
โ Evitar fallos secundarios por vibraciones excesivas.
โ Minimizar tiempos muertos y mantener la operaciรณn.
โ Actuar incluso en sitios de difรญcil acceso.
ยฟCuรกndo es ideal el equilibrado rรกpido?
Siempre que puedas:
– Tener acceso fรญsico al elemento rotativo.
– Instalar medidores sin obstรกculos.
– Realizar ajustes de balance mediante cambios de carga.
Casos tรญpicos donde conviene usarlo:
La mรกquina presenta anomalรญas auditivas o cinรฉticas.
No hay tiempo para desmontajes (proceso vital).
El equipo es difรญcil de parar o caro de inmovilizar.
Trabajas en campo abierto o lugares sin talleres cercanos.
Ventajas clave vs. llamar a un tรฉcnico
| Equipo portรกtil | Servicio externo |
|—————-|——————|
| โ Sin esperas (acciรณn inmediata) | โ Retrasos por programaciรณn y transporte |
| โ Monitoreo preventivo (evitas fallas mayores) | โ Suele usarse solo cuando hay emergencias |
| โ Ahorro a largo plazo (menos desgaste y reparaciones) | โ Gastos periรณdicos por externalizaciรณn |
ยฟQuรฉ mรกquinas se pueden equilibrar?
Cualquier sistema rotativo, como:
– Turbinas de vapor/gas
– Motores industriales
– Ventiladores de alta potencia
– Molinos y trituradoras
– Hรฉlices navales
– Bombas centrรญfugas
Requisito clave: espacio para instalar sensores y realizar ajustes.
Tecnologรญa que simplifica el proceso
Los equipos modernos incluyen:
Software fรกcil de usar (con instrucciones visuales y automatizadas).
Diagnรณstico instantรกneo (visualizaciรณn precisa de datos).
Baterรญa de larga duraciรณn (perfecto para zonas remotas).
Ejemplo prรกctico:
Un molino en una mina comenzรณ a vibrar peligrosamente. Con un equipo portรกtil, el tรฉcnico identificรณ el problema en menos de media hora. Lo corrigiรณ aรฑadiendo contrapesos y impidiรณ una interrupciรณn prolongada.
ยฟPor quรฉ esta versiรณn es mรกs efectiva?
– Estructura mรกs dinรกmica: Formato claro ayuda a captar ideas clave.
– Enfoque prรกctico: Incluye casos ilustrativos y contrastes รบtiles.
– Lenguaje persuasivo: Frases como “herramienta estratรฉgica” o “previenes consecuencias crรญticas” refuerzan el valor del servicio.
– Detalles tรฉcnicos รบtiles: Se especifican requisitos y tecnologรญas modernas.
ยฟNecesitas ajustar el tono (mรกs tรฉcnico) o aรฑadir keywords especรญficas? ยกAquรญ estoy para ayudarte! ๏ธ
Ofrecemos equipos de equilibrio!
Somos fabricantes, elaborando en tres paรญses a la vez: Portugal, Argentina y Espaรฑa.
โจContamos con maquinaria de excelente nivel y debido a que somos productores directos, nuestro precio es inferior al de nuestros competidores.
Hacemos entregas internacionales a cualquier paรญs, lea la descripciรณn de nuestros equipos de equilibrio en nuestro sitio web.
El equipo de equilibrio es transportable, liviano, lo que le permite equilibrar cualquier rotor en cualquier condiciรณn.
Equilibrio in situ
El Equilibrado de Piezas: Clave para un Funcionamiento Eficiente
ยฟAlguna vez has notado vibraciones extraรฑas en una mรกquina? ยฟO tal vez ruidos que no deberรญan estar ahรญ? Muchas veces, el problema estรก en algo tan bรกsico como un desequilibrio en alguna pieza rotativa . Y crรฉeme, ignorarlo puede costarte caro .
El equilibrado de piezas es una tarea fundamental tanto en la fabricaciรณn como en el mantenimiento de maquinaria agrรญcola, ejes, volantes, rotores y componentes de motores elรฉctricos . Su objetivo es claro: evitar vibraciones innecesarias que pueden causar daรฑos serios a largo plazo .
ยฟPor quรฉ es tan importante equilibrar las piezas?
Imagina que tu coche tiene una rueda desequilibrada . Al acelerar, empiezan las vibraciones, el volante tiembla, e incluso puedes sentir incomodidad al conducir . En maquinaria industrial ocurre algo similar, pero con consecuencias mucho mรกs graves :
Aumento del desgaste en bearings y ejes giratorios
Sobrecalentamiento de componentes
Riesgo de colapsos inesperados
Paradas sin programar seguidas de gastos elevados
En resumen: si no se corrige a tiempo, un pequeรฑo desequilibrio puede convertirse en un gran dolor de cabeza .
Mรฉtodos de equilibrado: cuรกl elegir
No todos los casos son iguales. Dependiendo del tipo de pieza y su uso, se aplican distintas tรฉcnicas:
Equilibrado dinรกmico
Perfecto para elementos que operan a velocidades altas, tales como ejes o rotores . Se realiza en mรกquinas especializadas que detectan el desequilibrio en mรบltiples superficies . Es el mรฉtodo mรกs preciso para garantizar un funcionamiento suave .
Equilibrado estรกtico
Se usa principalmente en piezas como neumรกticos, discos o volantes de inercia. Aquรญ solo se corrige el peso excesivo en un plano . Es rรกpido, fรกcil y funcional para algunos equipos .
Correcciรณn del desequilibrio: cรณmo se hace
Taladrado selectivo: se elimina material en la zona mรกs pesada
Colocaciรณn de contrapesos: como en ruedas o anillos de volantes
Ajuste de masas: tรญpico en bielas y elementos estratรฉgicos
Equipos profesionales para detectar y corregir vibraciones
Para hacer un diagnรณstico certero, necesitas herramientas precisas. Hoy en dรญa hay opciones accesibles y muy efectivas, como :
โ Balanset-1A โ Tu aliado portรกtil para equilibrar y analizar vibraciones
Soluciรณn rรกpida de equilibrio:
Respuesta inmediata sin mover equipos
Imagina esto: tu rotor inicia con movimientos anormales, y cada minuto de inactividad cuesta dinero. ยฟDesmontar la mรกquina y esperar dรญas por un taller? Descartado. Con un equipo de equilibrado portรกtil, corriges directamente en el lugar en horas, sin mover la maquinaria.
ยฟPor quรฉ un equilibrador mรณvil es como un “kit de supervivencia” para mรกquinas rotativas?
Fรกcil de transportar y altamente funcional, este dispositivo es una pieza clave en el arsenal del ingeniero. Con un poco de prรกctica, puedes:
โ Evitar fallos secundarios por vibraciones excesivas.
โ Minimizar tiempos muertos y mantener la operaciรณn.
โ Trabajar en lugares remotos, desde plataformas petroleras hasta plantas eรณlicas.
ยฟCuรกndo es ideal el equilibrado rรกpido?
Siempre que puedas:
– Tener acceso fรญsico al elemento rotativo.
– Instalar medidores sin obstรกculos.
– Ajustar el peso (aรฑadiendo o removiendo masa).
Casos tรญpicos donde conviene usarlo:
La mรกquina muestra movimientos irregulares o ruidos atรญpicos.
No hay tiempo para desmontajes (operaciรณn prioritaria).
El equipo es de alto valor o esencial en la lรญnea de producciรณn.
Trabajas en campo abierto o lugares sin talleres cercanos.
Ventajas clave vs. llamar a un tรฉcnico
| Equipo portรกtil | Servicio externo |
|—————-|——————|
| โ Rรกpida intervenciรณn (sin demoras) | โ Demoras por agenda y logรญstica |
| โ Monitoreo preventivo (evitas fallas mayores) | โ Solo se recurre ante fallos graves |
| โ Reducciรณn de costos operativos con uso continuo | โ Costos recurrentes por servicios |
ยฟQuรฉ mรกquinas se pueden equilibrar?
Cualquier sistema rotativo, como:
– Turbinas de vapor/gas
– Motores industriales
– Ventiladores de alta potencia
– Molinos y trituradoras
– Hรฉlices navales
– Bombas centrรญfugas
Requisito clave: espacio para instalar sensores y realizar ajustes.
Tecnologรญa que simplifica el proceso
Los equipos modernos incluyen:
Aplicaciones didรกcticas (para usuarios nuevos o tรฉcnicos en formaciรณn).
Anรกlisis en tiempo real (grรกficos claros de vibraciones).
Autonomรญa prolongada (ideales para trabajo en campo).
Ejemplo prรกctico:
Un molino en una mina comenzรณ a vibrar peligrosamente. Con un equipo portรกtil, el tรฉcnico detectรณ un desbalance en 20 minutos. Lo corrigiรณ aรฑadiendo contrapesos y evitรณ una parada de 3 dรญas.
ยฟPor quรฉ esta versiรณn es mรกs efectiva?
– Estructura mรกs dinรกmica: Organizaciรณn visual facilita la comprensiรณn.
– Enfoque prรกctico: Se aรฑaden ejemplos reales y comparaciones concretas.
– Lenguaje persuasivo: Frases como “recurso vital” o “minimizas riesgos importantes” refuerzan el valor del servicio.
– Detalles tรฉcnicos รบtiles: Se especifican requisitos y tecnologรญas modernas.
ยฟNecesitas ajustar el tono (mรกs comercial) o aรฑadir keywords especรญficas? ยกAquรญ estoy para ayudarte! ๏ธ
El equipo de balanceo Balanset-1A constituye el logro de mucha labor constante y esfuerzo.
Como desarrolladores de esta herramienta puntera, nos sentimos satisfechos de cada modelo que se distribuye de nuestras instalaciones.
No se trata รบnicamente de un bien, sino una soluciรณn que hemos mejorado constantemente para solucionar desafรญos importantes relacionados con desbalances en mรกquinas dinรกmicas.
Sabemos lo frustrante que puede ser enfrentar interrupciones repentinas o mantenimientos caros.
Por eso creamos Balanset-1A pensando en las necesidades reales de los profesionales del sector. โค๏ธ
Distribuimos Balanset 1A desde las oficinas centrales en nuestras sedes en Espaรฑa , Argentina y Portugal , asegurando entregas rรกpidas y eficientes a todos los paรญses del globo.
Nuestros representantes locales estรกn siempre disponibles para ofrecer asistencia tรฉcnica individualizada y asesoramiento en su idioma.
ยกNo somos solo una empresa, sino un grupo humano que estรก aquรญ para asistirte!
Equilibrio in situ
La Nivelaciรณn de Partes Mรณviles: Esencial para una Operaciรณn Sin Vibraciones
ยฟAlguna vez has notado vibraciones extraรฑas en una mรกquina? ยฟO tal vez ruidos que no deberรญan estar ahรญ? Muchas veces, el problema estรก en algo tan bรกsico como un desequilibrio en alguna pieza rotativa . Y crรฉeme, ignorarlo puede costarte bastante dinero .
El equilibrado de piezas es un paso esencial en la construcciรณn y conservaciรณn de maquinaria agrรญcola, ejes, volantes y elementos de motores elรฉctricos. Su objetivo es claro: prevenir movimientos indeseados capaces de generar averรญas importantes con el tiempo .
ยฟPor quรฉ es tan importante equilibrar las piezas?
Imagina que tu coche tiene un neumรกtico con peso desigual. Al acelerar, empiezan los temblores, el manubrio se mueve y hasta puede aparecer cierta molestia al manejar . En maquinaria industrial ocurre algo similar, pero con consecuencias considerablemente mรกs serias:
Aumento del desgaste en bearings y ejes giratorios
Sobrecalentamiento de partes crรญticas
Riesgo de fallos mecรกnicos repentinos
Paradas no planificadas y costosas reparaciones
En resumen: si no se corrige a tiempo, una mรญnima falla podrรญa derivar en una situaciรณn compleja.
Mรฉtodos de equilibrado: cuรกl elegir
No todos los casos son iguales. Dependiendo del tipo de pieza y su uso, se aplican distintas tรฉcnicas:
Equilibrado dinรกmico
Recomendado para componentes que rotan rรกpidamente, por ejemplo rotores o ejes. Se realiza en mรกquinas especializadas que detectan el desequilibrio en dos o mรกs planos . Es el mรฉtodo mรกs exacto para asegurar un movimiento uniforme .
Equilibrado estรกtico
Se usa principalmente en piezas como ruedas, discos o volantes . Aquรญ solo se corrige el peso excesivo en una sola superficie . Es rรกpido, fรกcil y funcional para algunos equipos .
Correcciรณn del desequilibrio: cรณmo se hace
Taladrado selectivo: se elimina material en la zona mรกs pesada
Colocaciรณn de contrapesos: tal como en neumรกticos o perfiles de poleas
Ajuste de masas: habitual en ejes de motor y partes relevantes
Equipos profesionales para detectar y corregir vibraciones
Para hacer un diagnรณstico certero, necesitas herramientas precisas. Hoy en dรญa hay opciones disponibles y altamente productivas, por ejemplo :
โ Balanset-1A โ Tu compaรฑero compacto para medir y ajustar vibraciones
Orbiter Finance: Connecting DeFi Ecosystems
Orbiter Finance is a cutting-edge decentralized finance (DeFi) platform focused on interoperability, liquidity, and seamless asset transfer across multiple blockchains. Its suite of tools and protocols, including Orbiter Swap, Orbiter Fi, and Orbiter Bridge, aims to enhance user experience and expand DeFi capabilities.
orbiter swap
Orbiter Finance Overview
At its core, Orbiter Finance provides a comprehensive ecosystem designed to facilitate cross-chain interactions, liquidity pooling, and decentralized trading. Its primary goal is to enable users to move assets effortlessly between different blockchain networks, ensuring liquidity and accessibility.
Orbiter Swap
Orbiter Swap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) protocol within the Orbiter ecosystem. It allows users to swap tokens across various blockchains with minimal friction, leveraging the platformโs interoperability features. Orbiter Swap emphasizes low slippage, high security, and fast transaction times.
Orbiter Fi
Orbiter Fi is the yield farming and liquidity provision platform of Orbiter Finance. It enables users to stake their tokens, earn rewards, and participate in liquidity pools across multiple chains. Orbiter Fi aims to maximize returns while maintaining cross-chain compatibility.
Orbiter Bridge
Orbiter Bridge is a core component that facilitates cross-chain asset transfers. It acts as a bridge protocol, securely moving tokens and data between different blockchain networks. The Orbiter Bridge ensures interoperability, security, and speed for cross-chain transactions.
Orbiter Finance Bridge
Orbiter Finance Bridge specifically refers to the bridge infrastructure within the Orbiter ecosystem that connects various blockchain networks. It supports seamless transfer of assets, such as tokens and stablecoins, enabling users to leverage DeFi opportunities across multiple chains.
Orbiter Bridge Finance
Orbiter Bridge Finance encompasses the entire cross-chain transfer and interoperability infrastructure provided by Orbiter. It integrates with Orbiter Swap and Orbiter Fi to create a unified DeFi experience, allowing users to access liquidity, earn yields, and swap tokens across different blockchain ecosystems efficiently.
Orbiter Finance: Connecting DeFi Ecosystems
Orbiter Finance is a cutting-edge decentralized finance (DeFi) platform focused on interoperability, liquidity, and seamless asset transfer across multiple blockchains. Its suite of tools and protocols, including Orbiter Swap, Orbiter Fi, and Orbiter Bridge, aims to enhance user experience and expand DeFi capabilities.
orbiter swap
Orbiter Finance Overview
At its core, Orbiter Finance provides a comprehensive ecosystem designed to facilitate cross-chain interactions, liquidity pooling, and decentralized trading. Its primary goal is to enable users to move assets effortlessly between different blockchain networks, ensuring liquidity and accessibility.
Orbiter Swap
Orbiter Swap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) protocol within the Orbiter ecosystem. It allows users to swap tokens across various blockchains with minimal friction, leveraging the platformโs interoperability features. Orbiter Swap emphasizes low slippage, high security, and fast transaction times.
Orbiter Fi
Orbiter Fi is the yield farming and liquidity provision platform of Orbiter Finance. It enables users to stake their tokens, earn rewards, and participate in liquidity pools across multiple chains. Orbiter Fi aims to maximize returns while maintaining cross-chain compatibility.
Orbiter Bridge
Orbiter Bridge is a core component that facilitates cross-chain asset transfers. It acts as a bridge protocol, securely moving tokens and data between different blockchain networks. The Orbiter Bridge ensures interoperability, security, and speed for cross-chain transactions.
Orbiter Finance Bridge
Orbiter Finance Bridge specifically refers to the bridge infrastructure within the Orbiter ecosystem that connects various blockchain networks. It supports seamless transfer of assets, such as tokens and stablecoins, enabling users to leverage DeFi opportunities across multiple chains.
Orbiter Bridge Finance
Orbiter Bridge Finance encompasses the entire cross-chain transfer and interoperability infrastructure provided by Orbiter. It integrates with Orbiter Swap and Orbiter Fi to create a unified DeFi experience, allowing users to access liquidity, earn yields, and swap tokens across different blockchain ecosystems efficiently.
Stargate Finance: The Future of Cross-Chain Liquidity
stargate crypto bridge
Stargate Finance is a leading protocol in the decentralized finance (DeFi) space, specializing in seamless cross-chain liquidity transfer and asset swapping. Its innovative solutions, including Stargate Bridge, Stargate Swap, and Stargate Crypto Bridge, aim to revolutionize how users interact with multiple blockchain ecosystems.
Stargate Finance Overview
Stargate Finance provides a unified platform that enables users to transfer assets across different blockchains efficiently and securely. By leveraging its Stargate Bridge and Stargate Swap functionalities, the protocol ensures high liquidity, low slippage, and fast transaction speeds, making cross-chain DeFi more accessible.
Stargate Finance Bridge
The Stargate Bridge is a core component that facilitates cross-chain asset transfers. It allows users to move tokens from one blockchain to another without the need for multiple steps or intermediaries. The bridge is designed for security, speed, and minimal slippage, supporting a wide range of assets.
Stargate Crypto Bridge
Stargate Crypto Bridge refers to the broader infrastructure that enables the transfer of various cryptocurrencies across different chains. It supports interoperability between multiple blockchain networks, allowing users to leverage DeFi opportunities regardless of the native chain of their assets.
Stargate Swap
Stargate Swap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) feature that allows users to swap tokens directly across different chains. It combines liquidity pools with cross-chain capabilities, enabling efficient and low-cost token swaps without leaving the Stargate ecosystem.
Stargate Finance: The Future of Cross-Chain Liquidity
stargate swap
Stargate Finance is a leading protocol in the decentralized finance (DeFi) space, specializing in seamless cross-chain liquidity transfer and asset swapping. Its innovative solutions, including Stargate Bridge, Stargate Swap, and Stargate Crypto Bridge, aim to revolutionize how users interact with multiple blockchain ecosystems.
Stargate Finance Overview
Stargate Finance provides a unified platform that enables users to transfer assets across different blockchains efficiently and securely. By leveraging its Stargate Bridge and Stargate Swap functionalities, the protocol ensures high liquidity, low slippage, and fast transaction speeds, making cross-chain DeFi more accessible.
Stargate Finance Bridge
The Stargate Bridge is a core component that facilitates cross-chain asset transfers. It allows users to move tokens from one blockchain to another without the need for multiple steps or intermediaries. The bridge is designed for security, speed, and minimal slippage, supporting a wide range of assets.
Stargate Crypto Bridge
Stargate Crypto Bridge refers to the broader infrastructure that enables the transfer of various cryptocurrencies across different chains. It supports interoperability between multiple blockchain networks, allowing users to leverage DeFi opportunities regardless of the native chain of their assets.
Stargate Swap
Stargate Swap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) feature that allows users to swap tokens directly across different chains. It combines liquidity pools with cross-chain capabilities, enabling efficient and low-cost token swaps without leaving the Stargate ecosystem.
Keplr Wallet: Your Gateway to Cosmos Ecosystem
keplr wallet staking
Keplr Wallet is a popular browser extension and mobile wallet that provides users with secure access to the Cosmos ecosystem and other compatible blockchains. It enables seamless management of assets, staking, and interaction with decentralized applications (dApps).
Keplr Overview
Keplr serves as a non-custodial wallet that supports multiple chains within the Cosmos ecosystem, including Cosmos Hub, Osmosis, Secret Network, and more. It offers a user-friendly interface for managing tokens, staking, and participating in governance.
Keplr Extension
The Keplr extension is a browser plugin available for Chrome, Firefox, and other browsers. It allows users to connect to dApps, manage assets, and perform transactions directly from their browser with enhanced security.
Keplr Dashboard
The Keplr dashboard provides an overview of your assets, staking status, transaction history, and governance participation. It offers a centralized interface to monitor and manage your crypto holdings within the Keplr wallet.
Keplr Wallet Download
To start using Keplr, you can download the extension from the official website or browser extension stores:
Keplr Official Website
Chrome Web Store
Firefox Add-ons
Keplr Wallet Staking
Keplr supports staking for various Cosmos-based tokens. Users can delegate their tokens to validators, earn staking rewards, and participate in network governance directly through the wallet interface.
Keplr Wallet Login
Logging into Keplr involves:
Installing the extension.
Creating a new wallet or importing an existing seed phrase.
Connecting to supported dApps or networks.
Managing assets and staking directly from the wallet.
Aerodrome Finance: Innovations and Opportunities
In today’s evolving landscape, the development of aerodrome infrastructure and related financial tools is becoming increasingly significant. This article explores key aspects of aerodrome finance, along with emerging trends in decentralized finance (DeFi), such as aerodrome swap, aerodrome exchange, and aerodrome DEX.
aerodrome finance base
What is Aerodrome Finance?
Aerodrome finance refers to the integration of traditional aerodrome operations with modern financial technologies, enabling optimized management of assets, investments, and operations at aerodrome bases. This concept involves creating specialized aerodrome bases that serve as platforms for financial transactions and investment activities.
Aerodrome Base
An aerodrome base is a foundational platform that combines aerodrome infrastructure with financial instruments. It provides transparency, security, and efficiency in asset management and acts as a core for implementing innovative financial solutions.
Aerodrome Swap
An aerodrome swap is a financial instrument allowing participants to exchange assets or liabilities related to aerodrome infrastructure. Such swaps help manage risks associated with fluctuations in asset values or currency exchange rates.
Aerodrome Exchange
An aerodrome exchange is a marketplace for trading assets linked to aerodromes, including tokens representing infrastructure or other financial instruments. It ensures liquidity and market access for investors and operators.
Aerodrome DeFi Solutions
Aerodrome DeFi involves applying decentralized finance protocols within the aerodrome sector. This includes establishing aerodrome finance bases where users can obtain loans, participate in liquidity pools, and earn yields by providing liquidity.
Aerodrome DEX
An aerodrome DEX is a decentralized exchange that facilitates token swaps without intermediaries. This aerodrome DEX promotes local market development and enhances access to financial services for industry participants.
Velodrome Finance: The Next Generation DeFi Platform
velodrome finance exchange
Velodrome Finance is a decentralized finance (DeFi) ecosystem designed to provide efficient, scalable, and user-friendly liquidity and trading solutions. With features like Velodrome Crypto, Velodrome Exchange, and Velodrome Finance Swap, the platform aims to enhance liquidity provision and asset management within the DeFi space.
Velodrome Finance Overview
Velodrome Finance focuses on creating a robust DeFi environment that supports decentralized trading, liquidity pools, and yield farming. Its ecosystem is built to facilitate seamless asset swaps, liquidity provision, and staking, making it a comprehensive platform for DeFi enthusiasts.
Velodrome Crypto
Velodrome Crypto refers to the native tokens and digital assets within the Velodrome ecosystem. These tokens are used for governance, staking, liquidity incentives, and participation in various DeFi activities on the platform.
Velodrome Exchange
Velodrome Exchange is a decentralized trading platform that allows users to swap tokens directly from their wallets. It emphasizes low slippage, high liquidity, and fast transaction speeds, providing a smooth trading experience for DeFi users.
Velodrome Finance Swap
Velodrome Finance Swap is the core swapping protocol within the ecosystem, enabling users to exchange tokens across different pools efficiently. It leverages Velodromeโs liquidity pools to facilitate secure and cost-effective token swaps.
Velodrome Fi
Velodrome Fi encompasses the yield farming, staking, and liquidity mining features of the platform. Users can stake their tokens, earn rewards, and participate in governance, contributing to the growth and security of the Velodrome ecosystem.
Velodrome Finance Exchange
Velodrome Finance Exchange refers to the entire decentralized trading and liquidity platform, integrating swap, staking, and liquidity provision functionalities. It aims to be a comprehensive DeFi hub for traders and liquidity providers.
Aerodrome Finance: Innovations and Opportunities
In today’s evolving landscape, the development of aerodrome infrastructure and related financial tools is becoming increasingly significant. This article explores key aspects of aerodrome finance, along with emerging trends in decentralized finance (DeFi), such as aerodrome swap, aerodrome exchange, and aerodrome DEX.
aerodrome swap
What is Aerodrome Finance?
Aerodrome finance refers to the integration of traditional aerodrome operations with modern financial technologies, enabling optimized management of assets, investments, and operations at aerodrome bases. This concept involves creating specialized aerodrome bases that serve as platforms for financial transactions and investment activities.
Aerodrome Base
An aerodrome base is a foundational platform that combines aerodrome infrastructure with financial instruments. It provides transparency, security, and efficiency in asset management and acts as a core for implementing innovative financial solutions.
Aerodrome Swap
An aerodrome swap is a financial instrument allowing participants to exchange assets or liabilities related to aerodrome infrastructure. Such swaps help manage risks associated with fluctuations in asset values or currency exchange rates.
Aerodrome Exchange
An aerodrome exchange is a marketplace for trading assets linked to aerodromes, including tokens representing infrastructure or other financial instruments. It ensures liquidity and market access for investors and operators.
Aerodrome DeFi Solutions
Aerodrome DeFi involves applying decentralized finance protocols within the aerodrome sector. This includes establishing aerodrome finance bases where users can obtain loans, participate in liquidity pools, and earn yields by providing liquidity.
Aerodrome DEX
An aerodrome DEX is a decentralized exchange that facilitates token swaps without intermediaries. This aerodrome DEX promotes local market development and enhances access to financial services for industry participants.
Velodrome Finance: The Next Generation DeFi Platform
velodrome finance exchange
Velodrome Finance is a decentralized finance (DeFi) ecosystem designed to provide efficient, scalable, and user-friendly liquidity and trading solutions. With features like Velodrome Crypto, Velodrome Exchange, and Velodrome Finance Swap, the platform aims to enhance liquidity provision and asset management within the DeFi space.
Velodrome Finance Overview
Velodrome Finance focuses on creating a robust DeFi environment that supports decentralized trading, liquidity pools, and yield farming. Its ecosystem is built to facilitate seamless asset swaps, liquidity provision, and staking, making it a comprehensive platform for DeFi enthusiasts.
Velodrome Crypto
Velodrome Crypto refers to the native tokens and digital assets within the Velodrome ecosystem. These tokens are used for governance, staking, liquidity incentives, and participation in various DeFi activities on the platform.
Velodrome Exchange
Velodrome Exchange is a decentralized trading platform that allows users to swap tokens directly from their wallets. It emphasizes low slippage, high liquidity, and fast transaction speeds, providing a smooth trading experience for DeFi users.
Velodrome Finance Swap
Velodrome Finance Swap is the core swapping protocol within the ecosystem, enabling users to exchange tokens across different pools efficiently. It leverages Velodromeโs liquidity pools to facilitate secure and cost-effective token swaps.
Velodrome Fi
Velodrome Fi encompasses the yield farming, staking, and liquidity mining features of the platform. Users can stake their tokens, earn rewards, and participate in governance, contributing to the growth and security of the Velodrome ecosystem.
Velodrome Finance Exchange
Velodrome Finance Exchange refers to the entire decentralized trading and liquidity platform, integrating swap, staking, and liquidity provision functionalities. It aims to be a comprehensive DeFi hub for traders and liquidity providers.
1inch Exchange: The Leading DeFi Aggregator
1inch Exchange is a decentralized finance (DeFi) aggregator that sources liquidity from various decentralized exchanges (DEXs) to provide users with the best possible rates for token swaps. Its innovative approach optimizes trading efficiency, minimizes slippage, and enhances user experience across multiple blockchain networks.
1inch exchange
1inch Network
The 1inch network is a decentralized ecosystem comprising multiple components, including the 1inch DEX aggregator, liquidity protocols, and governance mechanisms. It operates across various blockchains, such as Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, Polygon, and more, to facilitate seamless cross-chain trading and liquidity aggregation.
1inch Swap
1inch Swap is the core feature that allows users to exchange tokens directly from their wallets. It intelligently splits orders across multiple DEXs to find the most favorable rates, reducing costs and slippage. This feature is accessible via the 1inch interface or integrated into other DeFi platforms.
1inch Crypto
1inch crypto refers to the native token of the 1inch ecosystem, used for governance, staking, and incentivization. Holding and staking 1inch tokens grants users voting rights on protocol proposals and participation in liquidity mining programs.
1inch DEX
1inch DEX is the decentralized exchange aggregator that connects various liquidity sources to offer optimal trading routes. It enhances liquidity depth and price efficiency by intelligently routing trades across multiple DEXs.
1inch Token
The 1inch token (1INCH) is the governance token of the platform. It enables holders to participate in protocol governance, propose and vote on upgrades, and earn rewards through staking and liquidity mining programs.
Solflare Wallet: Your Gateway to Solana Ecosystem
olflare app
Solflare Wallet is a popular non-custodial wallet designed for managing, staking, and interacting with the Solana blockchain. It offers both a web extension and a mobile app, providing users with a seamless experience for DeFi, NFTs, and staking on Solana.
Solflare Wallet Overview
Solflare supports a wide range of functionalities, including token management, staking SOL, participating in DeFi protocols, and engaging with Solana-based NFTs. Its user-friendly interface makes it accessible for both beginners and experienced users.
Solflare Wallet Extension
The Solflare wallet extension is a browser plugin compatible with Chrome, Firefox, and other browsers. It allows users to connect to Solana dApps, manage assets, and perform transactions directly from their browser securely.
Solflare Wallet Download
You can download the Solflare wallet extension from:
Solflare Official Website
Chrome Web Store
Firefox Add-ons
Additionally, the Solflare app is available for iOS and Android devices, providing mobile access to your wallet on the go.
Solflare Login
To log into Solflare:
Install the extension or open the mobile app.
Create a new wallet or import an existing seed phrase.
Secure your wallet with a password or biometric authentication.
Connect to Solana dApps or manage your assets.
Solflare App
The Solflare app offers a mobile-friendly interface for managing your Solana assets, staking SOL, and participating in DeFi activities. It provides a convenient way to stay connected to the Solana ecosystem from your smartphone.
Aerodrome Finance: Innovations and Opportunities
In today’s evolving landscape, the development of aerodrome infrastructure and related financial tools is becoming increasingly significant. This article explores key aspects of aerodrome finance, along with emerging trends in decentralized finance (DeFi), such as aerodrome swap, aerodrome exchange, and aerodrome DEX.
aerodrome finance
What is Aerodrome Finance?
Aerodrome finance refers to the integration of traditional aerodrome operations with modern financial technologies, enabling optimized management of assets, investments, and operations at aerodrome bases. This concept involves creating specialized aerodrome bases that serve as platforms for financial transactions and investment activities.
Aerodrome Base
An aerodrome base is a foundational platform that combines aerodrome infrastructure with financial instruments. It provides transparency, security, and efficiency in asset management and acts as a core for implementing innovative financial solutions.
Aerodrome Swap
An aerodrome swap is a financial instrument allowing participants to exchange assets or liabilities related to aerodrome infrastructure. Such swaps help manage risks associated with fluctuations in asset values or currency exchange rates.
Aerodrome Exchange
An aerodrome exchange is a marketplace for trading assets linked to aerodromes, including tokens representing infrastructure or other financial instruments. It ensures liquidity and market access for investors and operators.
Aerodrome DeFi Solutions
Aerodrome DeFi involves applying decentralized finance protocols within the aerodrome sector. This includes establishing aerodrome finance bases where users can obtain loans, participate in liquidity pools, and earn yields by providing liquidity.
Aerodrome DEX
An aerodrome DEX is a decentralized exchange that facilitates token swaps without intermediaries. This aerodrome DEX promotes local market development and enhances access to financial services for industry participants.
Solflare Wallet: Your Gateway to Solana Ecosystem
solflare login
Solflare Wallet is a popular non-custodial wallet designed for managing, staking, and interacting with the Solana blockchain. It offers both a web extension and a mobile app, providing users with a seamless experience for DeFi, NFTs, and staking on Solana.
Solflare Wallet Overview
Solflare supports a wide range of functionalities, including token management, staking SOL, participating in DeFi protocols, and engaging with Solana-based NFTs. Its user-friendly interface makes it accessible for both beginners and experienced users.
Solflare Wallet Extension
The Solflare wallet extension is a browser plugin compatible with Chrome, Firefox, and other browsers. It allows users to connect to Solana dApps, manage assets, and perform transactions directly from their browser securely.
Solflare Wallet Download
You can download the Solflare wallet extension from:
Solflare Official Website
Chrome Web Store
Firefox Add-ons
Additionally, the Solflare app is available for iOS and Android devices, providing mobile access to your wallet on the go.
Solflare Login
To log into Solflare:
Install the extension or open the mobile app.
Create a new wallet or import an existing seed phrase.
Secure your wallet with a password or biometric authentication.
Connect to Solana dApps or manage your assets.
Solflare App
The Solflare app offers a mobile-friendly interface for managing your Solana assets, staking SOL, and participating in DeFi activities. It provides a convenient way to stay connected to the Solana ecosystem from your smartphone.
Aave Protocol: Leading DeFi Lending and Borrowing Platform
aave network
Aave Protocol is one of the most prominent decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, renowned for its innovative lending, borrowing, and liquidity solutions. It has established itself as a key player in the DeFi ecosystem, offering a wide range of features including flash loans, liquidity pools, and decentralized exchanges.
Aave Network
The Aave network operates on multiple blockchain networks, primarily Ethereum, but also supports other chains like Polygon, Avalanche, and more. It provides a secure, scalable infrastructure for DeFi activities, enabling users worldwide to lend, borrow, and earn interest on their crypto assets.
Aave DeFi
Aave DeFi refers to the ecosystem of decentralized financial services built around the Aave protocol. It includes lending pools, liquidity provision, yield farming, and innovative products like flash loans, all designed to maximize capital efficiency and decentralization.
Aave Lending
Aave lending allows users to deposit their crypto assets into liquidity pools and earn interest. Borrowers can take out loans against their collateral, often with flexible terms and variable or stable interest rates. This system promotes liquidity and capital efficiency within the DeFi space.
Aave DEX
While Aave itself is primarily a lending protocol, it integrates with decentralized exchanges (DEXs) for seamless asset swaps and liquidity management. Some platforms combine Aaveโs lending features with DEX functionalities, enabling users to swap tokens directly within the ecosystem.
Aave Pool
An Aave pool is a smart contract-based liquidity pool where users deposit assets to earn interest and provide liquidity for borrowing. These pools are the backbone of the Aave protocol, supporting various assets and interest rate models.
Solflare Wallet: Your Gateway to Solana Ecosystem
solflare wallet
Solflare Wallet is a popular non-custodial wallet designed for managing, staking, and interacting with the Solana blockchain. It offers both a web extension and a mobile app, providing users with a seamless experience for DeFi, NFTs, and staking on Solana.
Solflare Wallet Overview
Solflare supports a wide range of functionalities, including token management, staking SOL, participating in DeFi protocols, and engaging with Solana-based NFTs. Its user-friendly interface makes it accessible for both beginners and experienced users.
Solflare Wallet Extension
The Solflare wallet extension is a browser plugin compatible with Chrome, Firefox, and other browsers. It allows users to connect to Solana dApps, manage assets, and perform transactions directly from their browser securely.
Solflare Wallet Download
You can download the Solflare wallet extension from:
Solflare Official Website
Chrome Web Store
Firefox Add-ons
Additionally, the Solflare app is available for iOS and Android devices, providing mobile access to your wallet on the go.
Solflare Login
To log into Solflare:
Install the extension or open the mobile app.
Create a new wallet or import an existing seed phrase.
Secure your wallet with a password or biometric authentication.
Connect to Solana dApps or manage your assets.
Solflare App
The Solflare app offers a mobile-friendly interface for managing your Solana assets, staking SOL, and participating in DeFi activities. It provides a convenient way to stay connected to the Solana ecosystem from your smartphone.
Keplr Wallet: Your Gateway to Cosmos Ecosystem
keplr wallet login
Keplr Wallet is a popular browser extension and mobile wallet that provides users with secure access to the Cosmos ecosystem and other compatible blockchains. It enables seamless management of assets, staking, and interaction with decentralized applications (dApps).
Keplr Overview
Keplr serves as a non-custodial wallet that supports multiple chains within the Cosmos ecosystem, including Cosmos Hub, Osmosis, Secret Network, and more. It offers a user-friendly interface for managing tokens, staking, and participating in governance.
Keplr Extension
The Keplr extension is a browser plugin available for Chrome, Firefox, and other browsers. It allows users to connect to dApps, manage assets, and perform transactions directly from their browser with enhanced security.
Keplr Dashboard
The Keplr dashboard provides an overview of your assets, staking status, transaction history, and governance participation. It offers a centralized interface to monitor and manage your crypto holdings within the Keplr wallet.
Keplr Wallet Download
To start using Keplr, you can download the extension from the official website or browser extension stores:
Keplr Official Website
Chrome Web Store
Firefox Add-ons
Keplr Wallet Staking
Keplr supports staking for various Cosmos-based tokens. Users can delegate their tokens to validators, earn staking rewards, and participate in network governance directly through the wallet interface.
Keplr Wallet Login
Logging into Keplr involves:
Installing the extension.
Creating a new wallet or importing an existing seed phrase.
Connecting to supported dApps or networks.
Managing assets and staking directly from the wallet.
Ethena: The Future of Crypto and DeFi Innovation
Ethena is rapidly emerging as a prominent name in the world of cryptocurrency and decentralized finance (DeFi). With a focus on security, innovation, and user-centric solutions, Ethena is shaping the future of digital assets and financial protocols. Letโs explore the key aspects associated with Ethena, including its platforms, tokens, and ecosystem.
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Ethena Overview
Ethena is a blockchain project dedicated to creating secure, scalable, and user-friendly DeFi solutions. Its ecosystem encompasses various components such as Ethena Fi, Ethena Lab, and its native tokens like Ethena USDE. The project aims to bridge traditional finance with innovative crypto solutions, making decentralized finance accessible to a broader audience.
Ethena Fi
Ethena Fi is the decentralized finance platform built on the Ethena ecosystem. It offers a suite of financial products including lending, borrowing, staking, and yield farming. Ethena Fi emphasizes security and transparency, providing users with reliable tools to grow their crypto assets.
Ethena Finance
Ethena Finance refers to the broader financial ecosystem powered by Ethenaโs blockchain technology. It integrates various DeFi protocols, enabling seamless asset management, liquidity provision, and crypto trading. Ethena Finance aims to create a comprehensive financial environment where users can leverage their crypto holdings efficiently.
Ethena Lab
Ethena Lab is the innovation hub within the Ethena ecosystem. It focuses on research, development, and testing of new blockchain solutions, smart contracts, and DeFi protocols. Ethena Lab drives continuous innovation, ensuring the platform remains at the forefront of crypto technology.
Ethena USDE
Ethena USDE is the native stablecoin of the Ethena ecosystem. Pegged to a stable asset, USDE provides a reliable medium of exchange within the platform, facilitating smooth transactions, lending, and borrowing activities. It aims to maintain stability while offering the benefits of decentralization.
Ethena Finance Crypto
Ethena Finance crypto encompasses the entire range of digital assets, tokens, and protocols developed under the Ethena project. It includes the native tokens, stablecoins, and other crypto assets that facilitate DeFi operations, liquidity pools, and decentralized trading.
Ethena: The Future of Crypto and DeFi Innovation
Ethena is rapidly emerging as a prominent name in the world of cryptocurrency and decentralized finance (DeFi). With a focus on security, innovation, and user-centric solutions, Ethena is shaping the future of digital assets and financial protocols. Letโs explore the key aspects associated with Ethena, including its platforms, tokens, and ecosystem.
ethena finance
Ethena Overview
Ethena is a blockchain project dedicated to creating secure, scalable, and user-friendly DeFi solutions. Its ecosystem encompasses various components such as Ethena Fi, Ethena Lab, and its native tokens like Ethena USDE. The project aims to bridge traditional finance with innovative crypto solutions, making decentralized finance accessible to a broader audience.
Ethena Fi
Ethena Fi is the decentralized finance platform built on the Ethena ecosystem. It offers a suite of financial products including lending, borrowing, staking, and yield farming. Ethena Fi emphasizes security and transparency, providing users with reliable tools to grow their crypto assets.
Ethena Finance
Ethena Finance refers to the broader financial ecosystem powered by Ethenaโs blockchain technology. It integrates various DeFi protocols, enabling seamless asset management, liquidity provision, and crypto trading. Ethena Finance aims to create a comprehensive financial environment where users can leverage their crypto holdings efficiently.
Ethena Lab
Ethena Lab is the innovation hub within the Ethena ecosystem. It focuses on research, development, and testing of new blockchain solutions, smart contracts, and DeFi protocols. Ethena Lab drives continuous innovation, ensuring the platform remains at the forefront of crypto technology.
Ethena USDE
Ethena USDE is the native stablecoin of the Ethena ecosystem. Pegged to a stable asset, USDE provides a reliable medium of exchange within the platform, facilitating smooth transactions, lending, and borrowing activities. It aims to maintain stability while offering the benefits of decentralization.
Ethena Finance Crypto
Ethena Finance crypto encompasses the entire range of digital assets, tokens, and protocols developed under the Ethena project. It includes the native tokens, stablecoins, and other crypto assets that facilitate DeFi operations, liquidity pools, and decentralized trading.
Aave Protocol: Leading DeFi Lending and Borrowing Platform
aave network
Aave Protocol is one of the most prominent decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, renowned for its innovative lending, borrowing, and liquidity solutions. It has established itself as a key player in the DeFi ecosystem, offering a wide range of features including flash loans, liquidity pools, and decentralized exchanges.
Aave Network
The Aave network operates on multiple blockchain networks, primarily Ethereum, but also supports other chains like Polygon, Avalanche, and more. It provides a secure, scalable infrastructure for DeFi activities, enabling users worldwide to lend, borrow, and earn interest on their crypto assets.
Aave DeFi
Aave DeFi refers to the ecosystem of decentralized financial services built around the Aave protocol. It includes lending pools, liquidity provision, yield farming, and innovative products like flash loans, all designed to maximize capital efficiency and decentralization.
Aave Lending
Aave lending allows users to deposit their crypto assets into liquidity pools and earn interest. Borrowers can take out loans against their collateral, often with flexible terms and variable or stable interest rates. This system promotes liquidity and capital efficiency within the DeFi space.
Aave DEX
While Aave itself is primarily a lending protocol, it integrates with decentralized exchanges (DEXs) for seamless asset swaps and liquidity management. Some platforms combine Aaveโs lending features with DEX functionalities, enabling users to swap tokens directly within the ecosystem.
Aave Pool
An Aave pool is a smart contract-based liquidity pool where users deposit assets to earn interest and provide liquidity for borrowing. These pools are the backbone of the Aave protocol, supporting various assets and interest rate models.
Curve Finance: Leading DeFi Liquidity and Stablecoin Protocol
curve finance
Curve Finance is a decentralized exchange (DEX) optimized for stablecoin and low-volatility asset trading. Known for its efficient liquidity pools and low slippage, Curve has become a cornerstone in the DeFi ecosystem for stable asset swaps and liquidity provision.
Curve Fi
Curve Fi refers to the platform’s core protocol that enables users to swap stablecoins and other similar assets with minimal slippage and low fees. It leverages specialized liquidity pools to facilitate efficient trading.
Curve Finance Crypto
Curve finance crypto encompasses the native tokens (such as CRV), liquidity provider tokens, and other assets within the Curve ecosystem. These tokens are used for governance, staking, and earning rewards.
Curve DeFi
Curve DeFi describes the broader decentralized finance ecosystem built around Curveโs liquidity pools and protocols. It includes yield farming, liquidity mining, and integrations with other DeFi platforms like Yearn, Convex, and more.
Curve Finance Liquidity Pool
A Curve liquidity pool is a smart contract that holds assets like stablecoins or similar tokens, allowing users to deposit and earn fees or rewards. These pools are optimized for low slippage and high efficiency, supporting large trading volumes.
Curve Finance Borrow
While primarily known for liquidity provision and swaps, Curve also supports borrowing mechanisms indirectly through integrations with lending protocols like Aave or Compound, where users can collateralize assets and borrow against their liquidity pool tokens.
Curve Finance TVL
Total Value Locked (TVL) in Curve represents the total assets deposited across all its pools. It is a key metric indicating the platformโs liquidity, popularity, and overall health within the DeFi ecosystem.
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Vape Scene in Singapore: Embracing Modern Relaxation
In todayโs fast-paced world, people are always looking for ways to unwind, relax, and enjoy the moment โ and for many, vaping has become a daily habit. In Singapore, where modern life moves quickly, the rise of vaping culture has brought with it a unique form of downtime . It’s not just about the devices or the clouds of vapor โ it’s about flavor, convenience, and finding your own vibe.
Disposable Vapes: Simple, Smooth, Ready to Go
Letโs face it โ nobody wants to deal with complicated setups all the time. Thatโs where disposable vapes shine. Theyโre perfect for those who value simplicity who still want that satisfying hit without the hassle of charging, refilling, or replacing parts.
Popular models like the VAPETAPE UNPLUG / OFFGRID, LANA ULTRA II, and SNOWWOLF SMART HD offer thousands of puffs in one compact design . Whether you’re out for the day or just need something quick and easy, these disposables have got your back.
New Arrivals: Fresh Gear, Fresh Experience
The best part about being into vaping? Thereโs always something new around the corner. The latest releases like the ELFBAR ICE KING and ALADDIN ENJOY PRO MAX bring something different to the table โ whether itโs smarter designs .
The ELFBAR RAYA D2 is another standout, offering more than just puff count โ it comes with dual mesh coils, so you can really make it your own.
Bundles: Smart Choices for Regular Vapers
If you vape often, buying in bulk just makes sense. Combo packs like the VAPETAPE OFFGRID COMBO or the LANA BAR 10 PCS COMBO arenโt just practical โ theyโre also a cost-effective option . No more running out at the worst time, and you save a bit while you’re at it.
Flavors That Speak to You
At the end of the day, itโs all about taste. Some days you want something icy and refreshing from the Cold Series, other times you’re craving the smooth, mellow vibes of the Smooth Series. Then there are those sweet cravings โ and trust us, the Sweet Series delivers.
Prefer the classic richness of tobacco? Thereโs a whole series for that too. And if you’re trying to cut back on nicotine, the Nicotine-Free Range gives you all the flavor without the buzz.
Final Thoughts
Vaping in Singapore isnโt just a passing trend โ itโs a lifestyle choice for many. With so many options available, from pocket-sized disposables to customizable devices, there’s something for everyone. Whether you’re taking your first puff, or an experienced user , the experience is all about what feels right to you โ made personal for you.
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Vape Scene in Singapore: Embracing Modern Relaxation
In todayโs fast-paced world, people are always looking for ways to unwind, relax, and enjoy the moment โ and for many, vaping has become a go-to ritual . In Singapore, where modern life moves quickly, the rise of vaping culture has brought with it a fresh way to relax . It’s not just about the devices or the clouds of vapor โ it’s about flavor, convenience, and finding your own vibe.
Disposable Vapes: Simple, Smooth, Ready to Go
Letโs face it โ nobody wants to deal with complicated setups all the time. Thatโs where disposable vapes shine. Theyโre perfect for busy individuals who still want that satisfying hit without the hassle of charging, refilling, or replacing parts.
Popular models like the VAPETAPE UNPLUG / OFFGRID, LANA ULTRA II, and SNOWWOLF SMART HD offer thousands of puffs in one portable solution . Whether you’re out for the day or just need something quick and easy, these disposables have got your back.
New Arrivals: Fresh Gear, Fresh Experience
The best part about being into vaping? Thereโs always something new around the corner. The latest releases like the ELFBAR ICE KING and ALADDIN ENJOY PRO MAX bring something different to the table โ whether itโs smarter designs .
The ELFBAR RAYA D2 is another standout, offering more than just puff count โ it comes with dual mesh coils, so you can really make it your own.
Bundles: Smart Choices for Regular Vapers
If you vape often, buying in bulk just makes sense. Combo packs like the VAPETAPE OFFGRID COMBO or the LANA BAR 10 PCS COMBO arenโt just practical โ theyโre also a smart investment . No more running out at the worst time, and you save a bit while you’re at it.
Flavors That Speak to You
At the end of the day, itโs all about taste. Some days you want something icy and refreshing from the Cold Series, other times you’re craving the smooth, mellow vibes of the Smooth Series. Then there are those sweet cravings โ and trust us, the Sweet Series delivers.
Prefer the classic richness of tobacco? Thereโs a whole series for that too. And if you’re trying to cut back on nicotine, the Nicotine-Free Range gives you all the flavor without the buzz.
Final Thoughts
Vaping in Singapore isnโt just a passing trend โ itโs a lifestyle choice for many. With so many options available, from pocket-sized disposables to customizable devices, there’s something for everyone. Whether you’re exploring vaping for the first time , or a seasoned vaper , the experience is all about what feels right to you โ tailored to your preferences .
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Vape Scene in Singapore: Embracing Modern Relaxation
In todayโs fast-paced world, people are always looking for ways to unwind, relax, and enjoy the moment โ and for many, vaping has become a go-to ritual . In Singapore, where modern life moves quickly, the rise of vaping culture has brought with it a unique form of downtime . It’s not just about the devices or the clouds of vapor โ it’s about flavor, convenience, and finding your own vibe.
Disposable Vapes: Simple, Smooth, Ready to Go
Letโs face it โ nobody wants to deal with complicated setups all the time. Thatโs where disposable vapes shine. Theyโre perfect for those who value simplicity who still want that satisfying hit without the hassle of charging, refilling, or replacing parts.
Popular models like the VAPETAPE UNPLUG / OFFGRID, LANA ULTRA II, and SNOWWOLF SMART HD offer thousands of puffs in one easy-to-use device. Whether you’re out for the day or just need something quick and easy, these disposables have got your back.
New Arrivals: Fresh Gear, Fresh Experience
The best part about being into vaping? Thereโs always something new around the corner. The latest releases like the ELFBAR ICE KING and ALADDIN ENJOY PRO MAX bring something different to the table โ whether itโs enhanced user experience.
The ELFBAR RAYA D2 is another standout, offering more than just puff count โ it comes with dual mesh coils, so you can really make it your own.
Bundles: Smart Choices for Regular Vapers
If you vape often, buying in bulk just makes sense. Combo packs like the VAPETAPE OFFGRID COMBO or the LANA BAR 10 PCS COMBO arenโt just practical โ theyโre also a smart investment . No more running out at the worst time, and you save a bit while you’re at it.
Flavors That Speak to You
At the end of the day, itโs all about taste. Some days you want something icy and refreshing from the Cold Series, other times you’re craving the smooth, mellow vibes of the Smooth Series. Then there are those sweet cravings โ and trust us, the Sweet Series delivers.
Prefer the classic richness of tobacco? Thereโs a whole series for that too. And if you’re trying to cut back on nicotine, the Nicotine-Free Range gives you all the flavor without the buzz.
Final Thoughts
Vaping in Singapore isnโt just a passing trend โ itโs a lifestyle choice for many. With so many options available, from pocket-sized disposables to customizable devices, there’s something for everyone. Whether you’re just starting out , or an experienced user , the experience is all about what feels right to you โ your way, your flavor, your style .
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Vaping in Singapore: More Than Just a Trend
In todayโs fast-paced world, people are always looking for ways to unwind, relax, and enjoy the moment โ and for many, vaping has become an essential part of their routine . In Singapore, where modern life moves quickly, the rise of vaping culture has brought with it a stylish escape. It’s not just about the devices or the clouds of vapor โ it’s about flavor, convenience, and finding your own vibe.
Disposable Vapes: Simple, Smooth, Ready to Go
Letโs face it โ nobody wants to deal with complicated setups all the time. Thatโs where disposable vapes shine. Theyโre perfect for users who want instant satisfaction who still want that satisfying hit without the hassle of charging, refilling, or replacing parts.
Popular models like the VAPETAPE UNPLUG / OFFGRID, LANA ULTRA II, and SNOWWOLF SMART HD offer thousands of puffs in one compact design . Whether you’re out for the day or just need something quick and easy, these disposables have got your back.
New Arrivals: Fresh Gear, Fresh Experience
The best part about being into vaping? Thereโs always something new around the corner. The latest releases like the ELFBAR ICE KING and ALADDIN ENJOY PRO MAX bring something different to the table โ whether itโs richer flavors .
The ELFBAR RAYA D2 is another standout, offering more than just puff count โ it comes with adjustable airflow , so you can really make it your own.
Bundles: Smart Choices for Regular Vapers
If you vape often, buying in bulk just makes sense. Combo packs like the VAPETAPE OFFGRID COMBO or the LANA BAR 10 PCS COMBO arenโt just practical โ theyโre also a cost-effective option . No more running out at the worst time, and you save a bit while you’re at it.
Flavors That Speak to You
At the end of the day, itโs all about taste. Some days you want something icy and refreshing from the Cold Series, other times you’re craving the smooth, mellow vibes of the Smooth Series. Then there are those sweet cravings โ and trust us, the Sweet Series delivers.
Prefer the classic richness of tobacco? Thereโs a whole series for that too. And if you’re trying to cut back on nicotine, the Zero-Nicotine Line gives you all the flavor without the buzz.
Final Thoughts
Vaping in Singapore isnโt just a passing trend โ itโs a lifestyle choice for many. With so many options available, from pocket-sized disposables to customizable devices, there’s something for everyone. Whether you’re just starting out , or a seasoned vaper , the experience is all about what feels right to you โ uniquely yours .
The Rise of Vaping in Singapore: Not Just a Fad
In todayโs fast-paced world, people are always looking for ways to unwind, relax, and enjoy the moment โ and for many, vaping has become a preferred method . In Singapore, where modern life moves quickly, the rise of vaping culture has brought with it a fresh way to relax . It’s not just about the devices or the clouds of vapor โ it’s about flavor, convenience, and finding your own vibe.
Disposable Vapes: Simple, Smooth, Ready to Go
Letโs face it โ nobody wants to deal with complicated setups all the time. Thatโs where disposable vapes shine. Theyโre perfect for those who value simplicity who still want that satisfying hit without the hassle of charging, refilling, or replacing parts.
Popular models like the VAPETAPE UNPLUG / OFFGRID, LANA ULTRA II, and SNOWWOLF SMART HD offer thousands of puffs in one sleek little package . Whether you’re out for the day or just need something quick and easy, these disposables have got your back.
New Arrivals: Fresh Gear, Fresh Experience
The best part about being into vaping? Thereโs always something new around the corner. The latest releases like the ELFBAR ICE KING and ALADDIN ENJOY PRO MAX bring something different to the table โ whether itโs colder hits .
The ELFBAR RAYA D2 is another standout, offering more than just puff count โ it comes with dual mesh coils, so you can really make it your own.
Bundles: Smart Choices for Regular Vapers
If you vape often, buying in bulk just makes sense. Combo packs like the VAPETAPE OFFGRID COMBO or the LANA BAR 10 PCS COMBO arenโt just practical โ theyโre also a better deal . No more running out at the worst time, and you save a bit while you’re at it.
Flavors That Speak to You
At the end of the day, itโs all about taste. Some days you want something icy and refreshing from the Cold Series, other times you’re craving the smooth, mellow vibes of the Smooth Series. Then there are those sweet cravings โ and trust us, the Sweet Series delivers.
Prefer the classic richness of tobacco? Thereโs a whole series for that too. And if you’re trying to cut back on nicotine, the Zero-Nicotine Line gives you all the flavor without the buzz.
Final Thoughts
Vaping in Singapore isnโt just a passing trend โ itโs a lifestyle choice for many. With so many options available, from pocket-sized disposables to customizable devices, there’s something for everyone. Whether you’re just starting out , or a seasoned vaper , the experience is all about what feels right to you โ your way, your flavor, your style .
Your coffee habit could be linked to healthier aging, study finds
ะณะตะน ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะณะตะตะน
โWomen who drank one to three cups of caffeinated coffee per day in their 50s were more likely to reach older age free from major chronic diseases and with good cognitive, physical, and mental health,โ said lead study author Dr. Sarah Mahdavi, adjunct professor in the faculty of medicine and department of nutritional sciences at the University of Toronto.
Researchers analyzed dietary data from more than 47,000 women who were part of the Nursesโ Health Study, according to the research released Monday at the annual meeting of the American Society for Nutrition in Orlando. The study was presented as an abstract, but a more in-depth manuscript of the investigation will be submitted for peer review in the coming months, Mahdavi said.
โIn this study, we found that moderate caffeinated coffee consumption during midlife was associated with a higher likelihood of healthy aging 30 years later,โ Mahdavi said.
Itโs not just any caffeinated drink
The effects were found in caffeinated coffee in particular, according to the research. The same link was not found for tea or decaffeinated coffee โ and drinking more cola or other caffeinated sodas was tied to a lower chance of healthy aging.
โThis would imply that coffee in particular has health preserving or promoting effects,โ said Dr. David Kao, Jacqueline Marie Schauble Leaffer Endowed Chair in Womenโs Heart Disease and associate professor of medicine at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical School in an email. โAs with other studies, they also appear to have found that coffee has a particular benefit over other caffeinated drinks.โ
That said, the research is high quality, added Kao, who was not involved in the research.
The study is also observational, meaning it is limited in its ability to examine direct cause and effect. The new research can only show that a behavior and an outcome are more likely to occur together.
Curve Finance: Leading DeFi Liquidity and Stablecoin Protocol
curve finance borrow
Curve Finance is a decentralized exchange (DEX) optimized for stablecoin and low-volatility asset trading. Known for its efficient liquidity pools and low slippage, Curve has become a cornerstone in the DeFi ecosystem for stable asset swaps and liquidity provision.
Curve Fi
Curve Fi refers to the platform’s core protocol that enables users to swap stablecoins and other similar assets with minimal slippage and low fees. It leverages specialized liquidity pools to facilitate efficient trading.
Curve Finance Crypto
Curve finance crypto encompasses the native tokens (such as CRV), liquidity provider tokens, and other assets within the Curve ecosystem. These tokens are used for governance, staking, and earning rewards.
Curve DeFi
Curve DeFi describes the broader decentralized finance ecosystem built around Curveโs liquidity pools and protocols. It includes yield farming, liquidity mining, and integrations with other DeFi platforms like Yearn, Convex, and more.
Curve Finance Liquidity Pool
A Curve liquidity pool is a smart contract that holds assets like stablecoins or similar tokens, allowing users to deposit and earn fees or rewards. These pools are optimized for low slippage and high efficiency, supporting large trading volumes.
Curve Finance Borrow
While primarily known for liquidity provision and swaps, Curve also supports borrowing mechanisms indirectly through integrations with lending protocols like Aave or Compound, where users can collateralize assets and borrow against their liquidity pool tokens.
Lido Finance: Leading Liquid Staking Protocol
lido
Lido Finance is a decentralized platform that enables users to stake their cryptocurrencies and earn staking rewards while maintaining liquidity through tokenized assets. It is one of the most popular liquid staking solutions in the DeFi ecosystem, supporting multiple blockchains including Ethereum, Solana, and more.
Lido Overview
Lido allows users to stake their assets without locking them up, providing flexibility and liquidity. When users stake their tokens via Lido, they receive a corresponding staked token (e.g., stETH for Ethereum), which can be used in other DeFi protocols, traded, or held for rewards.
Lido Fi
Lido Fi refers to the broader ecosystem of decentralized finance activities built around Lidoโs staking tokens. It includes yield farming, liquidity pools, and integrations with various DeFi platforms, enabling users to maximize their crypto assets’ utility.
Lido Staking
Lido staking involves depositing supported cryptocurrencies (like ETH, SOL, or others) into the Lido protocol. In return, users receive staked tokens that accrue staking rewards over time. This process is designed to be user-friendly, secure, and accessible to both individual and institutional investors.
Lido Finance ETH Staking
Lido Finance ETH staking is one of its flagship features, allowing users to stake ETH without needing to run a validator node. By staking ETH through Lido, users receive stETH, which represents their staked ETH plus accrued rewards, and can be used across DeFi applications.
Lido Finance Crypto
Lido finance crypto encompasses the native tokens (like stETH for Ethereum, stSOL for Solana, etc.), governance tokens, and other assets within the Lido ecosystem. These tokens facilitate staking, liquidity provision, and governance participation.
Aya Group: ะะฑะทะพั ะธ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ
ะฐะนั ะณััะฟะฟ
Aya Group โ ััะพ ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั ะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะณะพัะพะดะฐั ะพะฝะฐ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะฐะฑะพัะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะดะตะปะพะฒะพะน ะฟะฐััะฝะตั.
ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group
ะะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััััะฐั ะธ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบััััั ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group. ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฒะบะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัะฐ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ, IT ะธ ะดััะณะธั ััะตั. ะะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะฟะพัะตัะธัั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ะธะปะธ ะบััะฟะฝัะต ัะฐะนัั ะฟะพ ัััะดะพััััะพะนััะฒั.
ะะะ ะธ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั
Aya Group ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ ะ ะค, ะธ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะตััั ัะฒะพะน ะะะ. ะะปั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ัะพัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะธัั ัะตัะตะท ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต ะฑะฐะทั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั .
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะะฐะทะฐะฝั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั , ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ะัะทะพะฒะธะบ, ะฏะฝะดะตะบั.ะัะทัะฒั ะธ Google Reviews. ะ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะพัะทัะฒั ะบะฐัะฐัััั ััะปะพะฒะธะน ัะฐะฑะพัั, ััะพะฒะฝั ะทะฐัะฟะปะฐั, ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบัะปััััั ะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ.
ะััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ
Kaz Aya Group โ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ััะพ ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ััััะบัััะฐ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต.
Aya Group Consulting โ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะตัั ะฝะฐ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ััะปัะณะฐั .
ะัะบะพ ะะฐะทะฐะฝั โ ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ.
ะะนั ะััะฟะฟ โ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ััะฐะฝัะปะธัะตัะฐัะธั ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั.
Aya Group: ะะฑะทะพั ะธ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ
aya group
Aya Group โ ััะพ ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั ะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะณะพัะพะดะฐั ะพะฝะฐ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะฐะฑะพัะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะดะตะปะพะฒะพะน ะฟะฐััะฝะตั.
ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group
ะะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััััะฐั ะธ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบััััั ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group. ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฒะบะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัะฐ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ, IT ะธ ะดััะณะธั ััะตั. ะะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะฟะพัะตัะธัั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ะธะปะธ ะบััะฟะฝัะต ัะฐะนัั ะฟะพ ัััะดะพััััะพะนััะฒั.
ะะะ ะธ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั
Aya Group ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ ะ ะค, ะธ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะตััั ัะฒะพะน ะะะ. ะะปั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ัะพัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะธัั ัะตัะตะท ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต ะฑะฐะทั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั .
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะะฐะทะฐะฝั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั , ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ะัะทะพะฒะธะบ, ะฏะฝะดะตะบั.ะัะทัะฒั ะธ Google Reviews. ะ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะพัะทัะฒั ะบะฐัะฐัััั ััะปะพะฒะธะน ัะฐะฑะพัั, ััะพะฒะฝั ะทะฐัะฟะปะฐั, ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบัะปััััั ะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ.
ะััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ
Kaz Aya Group โ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ััะพ ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ััััะบัััะฐ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต.
Aya Group Consulting โ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะตัั ะฝะฐ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ััะปัะณะฐั .
ะัะบะพ ะะฐะทะฐะฝั โ ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ.
ะะนั ะััะฟะฟ โ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ััะฐะฝัะปะธัะตัะฐัะธั ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั.
Lido Finance: Leading Liquid Staking Protocol
lido
Lido Finance is a decentralized platform that enables users to stake their cryptocurrencies and earn staking rewards while maintaining liquidity through tokenized assets. It is one of the most popular liquid staking solutions in the DeFi ecosystem, supporting multiple blockchains including Ethereum, Solana, and more.
Lido Overview
Lido allows users to stake their assets without locking them up, providing flexibility and liquidity. When users stake their tokens via Lido, they receive a corresponding staked token (e.g., stETH for Ethereum), which can be used in other DeFi protocols, traded, or held for rewards.
Lido Fi
Lido Fi refers to the broader ecosystem of decentralized finance activities built around Lidoโs staking tokens. It includes yield farming, liquidity pools, and integrations with various DeFi platforms, enabling users to maximize their crypto assets’ utility.
Lido Staking
Lido staking involves depositing supported cryptocurrencies (like ETH, SOL, or others) into the Lido protocol. In return, users receive staked tokens that accrue staking rewards over time. This process is designed to be user-friendly, secure, and accessible to both individual and institutional investors.
Lido Finance ETH Staking
Lido Finance ETH staking is one of its flagship features, allowing users to stake ETH without needing to run a validator node. By staking ETH through Lido, users receive stETH, which represents their staked ETH plus accrued rewards, and can be used across DeFi applications.
Lido Finance Crypto
Lido finance crypto encompasses the native tokens (like stETH for Ethereum, stSOL for Solana, etc.), governance tokens, and other assets within the Lido ecosystem. These tokens facilitate staking, liquidity provision, and governance participation.
Aya Group: ะะฑะทะพั ะธ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ
aya group ะพัะทัะฒั
Aya Group โ ััะพ ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั ะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะณะพัะพะดะฐั ะพะฝะฐ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะฐะฑะพัะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะดะตะปะพะฒะพะน ะฟะฐััะฝะตั.
ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group
ะะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััััะฐั ะธ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบััััั ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group. ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฒะบะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัะฐ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ, IT ะธ ะดััะณะธั ััะตั. ะะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะฟะพัะตัะธัั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ะธะปะธ ะบััะฟะฝัะต ัะฐะนัั ะฟะพ ัััะดะพััััะพะนััะฒั.
ะะะ ะธ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั
Aya Group ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ ะ ะค, ะธ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะตััั ัะฒะพะน ะะะ. ะะปั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ัะพัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะธัั ัะตัะตะท ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต ะฑะฐะทั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั .
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะะฐะทะฐะฝั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั , ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ะัะทะพะฒะธะบ, ะฏะฝะดะตะบั.ะัะทัะฒั ะธ Google Reviews. ะ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะพัะทัะฒั ะบะฐัะฐัััั ััะปะพะฒะธะน ัะฐะฑะพัั, ััะพะฒะฝั ะทะฐัะฟะปะฐั, ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบัะปััััั ะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ.
ะััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ
Kaz Aya Group โ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ััะพ ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ััััะบัััะฐ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต.
Aya Group Consulting โ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะตัั ะฝะฐ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ััะปัะณะฐั .
ะัะบะพ ะะฐะทะฐะฝั โ ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ.
ะะนั ะััะฟะฟ โ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ััะฐะฝัะปะธัะตัะฐัะธั ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั.
Aya Group: ะะฑะทะพั ะธ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ
aya group
Aya Group โ ััะพ ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั ะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะณะพัะพะดะฐั ะพะฝะฐ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะฐะฑะพัะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะดะตะปะพะฒะพะน ะฟะฐััะฝะตั.
ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group
ะะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััััะฐั ะธ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบััััั ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group. ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฒะบะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัะฐ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ, IT ะธ ะดััะณะธั ััะตั. ะะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะฟะพัะตัะธัั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ะธะปะธ ะบััะฟะฝัะต ัะฐะนัั ะฟะพ ัััะดะพััััะพะนััะฒั.
ะะะ ะธ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั
Aya Group ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ ะ ะค, ะธ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะตััั ัะฒะพะน ะะะ. ะะปั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ัะพัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะธัั ัะตัะตะท ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต ะฑะฐะทั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั .
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะะฐะทะฐะฝั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั , ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ะัะทะพะฒะธะบ, ะฏะฝะดะตะบั.ะัะทัะฒั ะธ Google Reviews. ะ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะพัะทัะฒั ะบะฐัะฐัััั ััะปะพะฒะธะน ัะฐะฑะพัั, ััะพะฒะฝั ะทะฐัะฟะปะฐั, ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบัะปััััั ะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ.
ะััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ
Kaz Aya Group โ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ััะพ ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ััััะบัััะฐ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต.
Aya Group Consulting โ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะตัั ะฝะฐ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ััะปัะณะฐั .
ะัะบะพ ะะฐะทะฐะฝั โ ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ.
ะะนั ะััะฟะฟ โ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ััะฐะฝัะปะธัะตัะฐัะธั ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั.
Aya Group: ะะฑะทะพั ะธ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ
aya group ะบะฐะทะฐะฝั
Aya Group โ ััะพ ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั ะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะณะพัะพะดะฐั ะพะฝะฐ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะฐะฑะพัะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะดะตะปะพะฒะพะน ะฟะฐััะฝะตั.
ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group
ะะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััััะฐั ะธ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบััััั ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group. ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฒะบะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัะฐ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ, IT ะธ ะดััะณะธั ััะตั. ะะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะฟะพัะตัะธัั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ะธะปะธ ะบััะฟะฝัะต ัะฐะนัั ะฟะพ ัััะดะพััััะพะนััะฒั.
ะะะ ะธ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั
Aya Group ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ ะ ะค, ะธ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะตััั ัะฒะพะน ะะะ. ะะปั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ัะพัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะธัั ัะตัะตะท ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต ะฑะฐะทั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั .
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะะฐะทะฐะฝั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั , ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ะัะทะพะฒะธะบ, ะฏะฝะดะตะบั.ะัะทัะฒั ะธ Google Reviews. ะ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะพัะทัะฒั ะบะฐัะฐัััั ััะปะพะฒะธะน ัะฐะฑะพัั, ััะพะฒะฝั ะทะฐัะฟะปะฐั, ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบัะปััััั ะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ.
ะััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ
Kaz Aya Group โ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ััะพ ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ััััะบัััะฐ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต.
Aya Group Consulting โ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะตัั ะฝะฐ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ััะปัะณะฐั .
ะัะบะพ ะะฐะทะฐะฝั โ ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ.
ะะนั ะััะฟะฟ โ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ััะฐะฝัะปะธัะตัะฐัะธั ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั.
Aya Group: ะะฑะทะพั ะธ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ
aya group ะพัะทัะฒั
Aya Group โ ััะพ ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั ะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะณะพัะพะดะฐั ะพะฝะฐ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะฐะฑะพัะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะดะตะปะพะฒะพะน ะฟะฐััะฝะตั.
ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group
ะะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััััะฐั ะธ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบััััั ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group. ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฒะบะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัะฐ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ, IT ะธ ะดััะณะธั ััะตั. ะะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะฟะพัะตัะธัั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ะธะปะธ ะบััะฟะฝัะต ัะฐะนัั ะฟะพ ัััะดะพััััะพะนััะฒั.
ะะะ ะธ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั
Aya Group ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ ะ ะค, ะธ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะตััั ัะฒะพะน ะะะ. ะะปั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ัะพัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะธัั ัะตัะตะท ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต ะฑะฐะทั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั .
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะะฐะทะฐะฝั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั , ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ะัะทะพะฒะธะบ, ะฏะฝะดะตะบั.ะัะทัะฒั ะธ Google Reviews. ะ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะพัะทัะฒั ะบะฐัะฐัััั ััะปะพะฒะธะน ัะฐะฑะพัั, ััะพะฒะฝั ะทะฐัะฟะปะฐั, ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบัะปััััั ะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ.
ะััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ
Kaz Aya Group โ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ััะพ ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ััััะบัััะฐ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต.
Aya Group Consulting โ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะตัั ะฝะฐ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ััะปัะณะฐั .
ะัะบะพ ะะฐะทะฐะฝั โ ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ.
ะะนั ะััะฟะฟ โ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ััะฐะฝัะปะธัะตัะฐัะธั ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั.
Aya Group: ะะฑะทะพั ะธ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ
ะฐะนั ะณััะฟะฟ
Aya Group โ ััะพ ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั ะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะณะพัะพะดะฐั ะพะฝะฐ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะฐะฑะพัะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะดะตะปะพะฒะพะน ะฟะฐััะฝะตั.
ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group
ะะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััััะฐั ะธ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบััััั ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group. ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฒะบะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัะฐ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ, IT ะธ ะดััะณะธั ััะตั. ะะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะฟะพัะตัะธัั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ะธะปะธ ะบััะฟะฝัะต ัะฐะนัั ะฟะพ ัััะดะพััััะพะนััะฒั.
ะะะ ะธ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั
Aya Group ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ ะ ะค, ะธ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะตััั ัะฒะพะน ะะะ. ะะปั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ัะพัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะธัั ัะตัะตะท ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต ะฑะฐะทั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั .
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะะฐะทะฐะฝั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั , ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ะัะทะพะฒะธะบ, ะฏะฝะดะตะบั.ะัะทัะฒั ะธ Google Reviews. ะ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะพัะทัะฒั ะบะฐัะฐัััั ััะปะพะฒะธะน ัะฐะฑะพัั, ััะพะฒะฝั ะทะฐัะฟะปะฐั, ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบัะปััััั ะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ.
ะััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ
Kaz Aya Group โ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ััะพ ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ััััะบัััะฐ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต.
Aya Group Consulting โ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะตัั ะฝะฐ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ััะปัะณะฐั .
ะัะบะพ ะะฐะทะฐะฝั โ ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ.
ะะนั ะััะฟะฟ โ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ััะฐะฝัะปะธัะตัะฐัะธั ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั.
Aya Group: ะะฑะทะพั ะธ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ
kaz aya group
Aya Group โ ััะพ ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั ะฒ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ, ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะณะพัะพะดะฐั ะพะฝะฐ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะฐะฑะพัะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะดะตะปะพะฒะพะน ะฟะฐััะฝะตั.
ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group
ะะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััััะฐั ะธ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบััััั ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ Aya Group. ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฒะบะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัะฐ, ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ, IT ะธ ะดััะณะธั ััะตั. ะะปั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะฟะพัะตัะธัั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ะธะปะธ ะบััะฟะฝัะต ัะฐะนัั ะฟะพ ัััะดะพััััะพะนััะฒั.
ะะะ ะธ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั
Aya Group ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ ะ ะค, ะธ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะตััั ัะฒะพะน ะะะ. ะะปั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ัะพัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะธะปะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะธัั ัะตัะตะท ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต ะฑะฐะทั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั .
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะัะทัะฒั ะพ Aya Group ะะฐะทะฐะฝั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั , ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ ะัะทะพะฒะธะบ, ะฏะฝะดะตะบั.ะัะทัะฒั ะธ Google Reviews. ะ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะพัะทัะฒั ะบะฐัะฐัััั ััะปะพะฒะธะน ัะฐะฑะพัั, ััะพะฒะฝั ะทะฐัะฟะปะฐั, ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบัะปััััั ะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ.
ะััะณะธะต ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ
Kaz Aya Group โ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ััะพ ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ััััะบัััะฐ ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะต.
Aya Group Consulting โ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธะต, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะตะตัั ะฝะฐ ะบะพะฝัะฐะปัะธะฝะณะพะฒัั ััะปัะณะฐั .
ะัะบะพ ะะฐะทะฐะฝั โ ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะธะปะธะฐะป ะธะปะธ ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะะฐะทะฐะฝะธ.
ะะนั ะััะฟะฟ โ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ััะฐะฝัะปะธัะตัะฐัะธั ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธั.
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ะัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ััะปัะณะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝะถะตะฝะตัะพะฒ ะพัะธัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะผะฐััะตััะบะพะน.
ะัะปะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบะพัะตะผะฐัะธะฝ philips ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต, ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟะพัะผะพััะตัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบะพัะตะผะฐัะธะฝ philips ัะตะฝั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
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ืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืจื|ืืืจืืืช ืืคืืจืืืช ืืืืื ืช ืืืฆืจืื ืืืืคื ืืขืื
ืืขืืื ืืืืืจื ื, ืืืืขืช ืคืชืจืื ืืช ืืืืืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืื ื ืืืคืื ืชืืืืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืคืฉืืืื ืืฉืืขืืชืืช. ืืฉืืจืืช ืื ืคืืฅ ืืืืชืจ ืืชืืื ืืงื ืืืืก ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืขืจืืช ืืืืืจืืก , ืฉืืืคืฉืจ ืืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืืืืืื ืงื ืืืืก ืืฆืืจื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืจืฉืช ืืืืจืชืืช ืืืืจื. ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืกืืืจ ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื, ืืืฆื ืืื ืขืืื, ืืืืฆื ืชืืืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืช ืืชืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืขืืื.
ืื ืื ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื?
ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืจืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉืืฉ ืืืจืื ืขืืืจ ืืฉืชืืฉื ืืืืจืืก (ืงืืืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืคืืืคืืจืืช ืืืืจื) ืืืชืืงืืื ืืืืื ืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืฆืจืื ืงืฉืืจืื. ืืืชืจ ืืกืคืง ืืืืข ืขืืื ื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืื ืื ืืจืืื ืืืจืฅ, ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืงื ืืืืก ืืฆืืจื ืืืื ืืช ืืืื.
ืืืจืขืืื ืืืกืืกื ืืืืืจื ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืื ืกืืืจืื, ืชืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจื. ืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืฆืจืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ืืงืจืื ืืืืื, ืืืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืกืคืง ืืงืจืื ืืืงืื ืืืืจืืื, ืืืืงืฉ ืืช ืืืฉืืื ืฉืืื โ ืืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืืคื ืืืืงืจ ืืืืืืง.
ืืื ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื?
ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืงื ืืืืฉืืื. ืื ื ืืชืืืื ืืืคืืจื:
ืืชืืืจืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืจื ื:
ืืืื ื ืขืืืจืื ืืช ืืจืื ืืืืืข ืขืืืจ ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื, ืฉืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืื ืืจืฉืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื. ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืช ืืืฆื ืืคืขืื ื ืืื.
ืืืืจืช ืขืจืืฅ ืืชืืื:
ืืืชืจ ืืกืคืง ืจืฉืืื ืฉื ืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืืจืื ืืืืงื ืงืคืื ืืช. ืื ืขืจืืฅ ืืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืงืืืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืขื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื, ืื ืฉืชืืขื ืฉืืชื ื ืื ืกืื ืืขืจืืฅ ืืืืืชื ืื ืื.
ืืงืฉืช ืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืื:
ืืืืจ ืืืืจืช ืืขืจืืฅ ืืืชืืื, ืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืฉืืืื. ืืฉืืื ืืงืื ืืช ืืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืจ ืชืื ืืื ืงืฆืจ.
ืงืืืช ืืืฉืืื:
ืืืช ืื ืงืืืืช ืืืฉืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืืืืื ื ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืช. ืืฉืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืฆืืขืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืฆืจ ืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืื.
ืืืชืจืื ืืช ืฉื ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื
ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืฆืืข ืืกืคืจ ื ืงืืืืช ืืืงืืช:
ื ืืืืช: ืืื ืฆืืจื ืืฆืืช ืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืฉ ืกืคืงืื ืืืืคื ืขืฆืืื. ืื ืืชืืืื ืืชืืฆืข ืืจื ืืืคืืืงืฆืื.
ืืขืืืืช: ืืืื ืช ืืืฉืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืืืื ืงืฆืจ ืืืื, ืืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืืื ืงืฆืจ ืืืื.
ืืืืืืช: ืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืชืจ ืขืืืจืืช ืืืืงื ืงืคืื ืืช ืขื ืืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืืืชืืื.
ืืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืฅ: ืืืชืจ ืืกืคืง ืงืืฉืืจืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืคืขืืืื ืืื ืืืงื ืืืืื ื, ืืืฆืคืื ืืขื ืืืจืื.
ืืืืข ืืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืชืื?
ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืงืจืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืขืช ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืชื ื ืื ืกืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืืงื. ืขืจืืฆืื ืืื ืขืืจื ืืืืงื ืงืคืื ืืช ืื ืืืงื ืขื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืขื ืืืืืื ืืืชืืฆืืืช. ืื ืืืืื ืืื:
ืืืฆืจืื ืืืืื: ืืฉืืืืื ืืืกืืืจืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืืชืื ืืกืคืงืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืืืืช ืืืชืืืช ืืฆืจืืื.
ืืืืืื: ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืชืื ืืคืืืช ืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืืขืืื ืื ืืชืฉืืื ืขืืืจ ืืืฆืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืขืืืืื ืืชืืืืจ.
ืฉืืจืืช ืืงืฆืืขื: ืืฉืืืืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืืฆืื ืขืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืฆืืขืืช ืืืกืคืงืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืง ืืืื.
ืืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืคื ืืืืง?
ืืฉืื ืืฆืืื ืื ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืชืื ืืื ืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืืงื ืืคื ืืืืง ืืืฉืจืืื. ืืืจืืช ืืืช, ืจืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืฉืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืืฉืืืช ืฉืืื ืืกืคืงืช. ืื ืืชื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืชืื ืืื, ืืฉืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืคื ืืืฉืื ืืืืืืจ ืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืชืื ืืืื.
ืกืืืื: ืืื ืืืชืืื?
ืื ืืชื ืืขืื ืืื ืื ืืืฆืื ืคืชืจืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืืช ืงื ืืืืก ืืืฉืจืื, ืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืขืฉืื ืืืืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืฉืชืขืืืจ ืืื. ืืืชืจ ืืกืคืง ืืช ืื required details, ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืฆืื, ืืืจืืืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฆื ืืคืขืื ื ืืื. ืขื ืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื, ืฉืืื ืืงื ืืืืก ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจื ืืืืื ืชืื ืืงืืช ืกืคืืจืืช.
ืื ืชืืื ืืืชืจ โ ืคืชืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช, ืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ืืืชืืื ืืื, ืืชืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืงืื ืืืืืจื!
ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื โ ืืืขืจืืช ืฉืชืืืข ืืืืื.
ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ื ืชื ืื
ืืขืจืืช ืืืืจืืก|ืืืจืื ืืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืช ืงื ืืืืก ืชืื ืืื ืงืฆืจ
ืืขืืื ืืืืืจื ื, ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืคืฉืจ ืื ื ืืืคืื ืชืืืืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืคืฉืืืื ืืฉืืขืืชืืช. ืชืื ืืช ืืฉืืืืฉ ืื ืคืืฆื ืืืืชืจ ืืชืืื ืืงื ืืืืก ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืจื , ืฉืืืคืฉืจ ืืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืืืืืื ืงื ืืืืก ืืฆืืจื ืืขืืื ืืืืฉืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืจืฉืช ืืืืจืชืืช ืืืืจื. ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืกืืืจ ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื, ืืืฆื ืืื ืขืืื, ืืืืฆื ืชืืืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืช ืืชืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืขืืื.
ืื ืื ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื?
ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืจื ื ืฉืืฉืืฉ ืืืจืื ืขืืืจ ืืฉืชืืฉื ืืืืจืืก (ืงืืืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืคืืืคืืจืืช ืืืืจื) ืืืชืืงืืื ืืืืื ืช ืืฉืืืื ืงื ืืืืก. ืืืชืจ ืืกืคืง ืจืฉืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืื ืื ืืจืืื ืืืจืฅ, ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืงื ืืืืก ืืฆืืจื ืคืฉืืื ืืืขืืื.
ืืืืกืืก ืืคืขืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืคืืฆืื, ืชืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืคืืืงืฆืื ืืืืืืืืืช. ืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืฆืจืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืืงืืืข ืืช ืืงืืฉืืจ ืืืชืืื, ืืืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ู ุฒูุฏ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืจืื, ืืืืงืฉ ืืช ืืืฉืืื ืฉืืื โ ืืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืืคื ืืืืืืื ืืืืืจ.
ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืช ืืชืืืื?
ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืืื ืืืืืืืืืช. ืื ื ืืชืืืื ืืืคืืจื:
ืื ืืกื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืข:
ืืืื ื ืขืืืจืื ืืช ืืฃ ืืชืืืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื, ืฉืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืื ืืงืืฉืืจืื ืืืขืืืื ืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืืงื ืืืืืืช. ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืื ืืืจืืืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฆื ืืคืขืื ื ืืื.
ืืืขื ืืขืจืืฅ ืืืืืืฅ:
ืืืชืจ ืืกืคืง ื ืชืื ื ืขืจืืฆืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืขืืืจืื ืืืืงืช ืืืืืช. ืื ืขืจืืฅ ืืืืช ืขื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืชืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืขื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื, ืื ืฉืชืืขื ืฉืืชื ื ืื ืกืื ืืขืจืืฅ ืืืืืชื ืื ืื.
ืืงืฉืช ืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืื:
ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืจืฉืืื, ืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืกืคืง ืืืืืจืื. ืืฉืืื ืืงืื ืืช ืืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืจ ืชืื ืืงืืช ืกืคืืจืืช.
ืืืขืช ืืืฉืืื:
ืืืช ืื ืงืืืืช ืืืฉืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืืืืื ื ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืช. ืืฉืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืฆืจ ืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืืขื ืื ืืจืฉ.
ืืืืข ืื ืฉืืืืฉื?
ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืฆืืข ืืกืคืจ ืชืืื ืืช ืืฉืืืืช:
ืคืฉืืืช: ืืื ืฆืืจื ืืฆืืช ืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืฉ ืืืฆืขืื ืืื ืืื. ืื ืืชืืืื ืืชืืฆืข ืืจื ืืืคืืืงืฆืื.
ืืขืืืืช: ืืืื ืช ืืืฉืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืชืื ืืงืืช, ืืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืืื ืงืฆืจ ืืืื.
ืืืืืืช: ืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืชืจ ืขืืืจืืช ืืืงืืจืช ืืืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืงืืืืื.
ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืืกื: ืืืชืจ ืืกืคืง ืงืืฉืืจืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืชืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืฉืจืื, ืืืฆืคืื ืืขื ืืืจืื.
ืืืืข ืืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืชืื?
ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืขืช ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืชื ื ืื ืกืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืื ืื. ืขืจืืฆืื ืืื ืขืืจื ืืืืื ืชืงืื ืืช ืื ืืืงื ืขื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืขื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื. ืื ืืืืื ืืื:
ืืืฆืจืื ืืืืื: ืืฉืืืืื ืืืกืืืจืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืืชืื ืืกืคืงืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืืืืช ืืืชืืืช ืืฆืจืืื.
ืืืืืืช: ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืชืื ืืคืืืช ืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืืขืืื ืื ืืชืฉืืื ืขืืืจ ืืืฆืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืขืืืืื ืืชืืืืจ.
ืฉืืจืืช ืืงืฆืืขื: ืืฉืืืืื ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืืฆืื ืขืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืขืืื ืืืกืคืงืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืจ ืืืืื.
ืืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืคื ืืืืง?
ืืฉืื ืืฆืืื ืื ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืชืื ืืื ืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืจ ืขื ืืื ืืจืฉืืืืช. ืืืจืืช ืืืช, ืจืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืฉืืื ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืกืคืงืช. ืื ืืชื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืชืื ืืื, ืืฉืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืคื ืืืฉืื ืืืืืืจ ืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืชืื ืืืื.
ืกืืืื: ืืื ืืืชืืื?
ืื ืืชื ืืขืื ืืื ืื ืืืฆืื ืคืชืจืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืืช ืงื ืืืืก ืืืฉืจืื, ืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื ืขืฉืื ืืืืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืฉืชืขืืืจ ืืื. ืืืชืจ ืืกืคืง ืืช ืื required details, ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืขืจืืฆืื ืืืืืฆืื, ืืืจืืืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฆื ืืคืขืื ื ืืื. ืขื ืulgืจืืก ืืืืื ืื, ืฉืืื ืืงื ืืืืก ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืจืืช.
ืื ืชืืื ืืืชืจ โ ืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืข ืฉืื ื, ืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ืืืชืืื ืืื, ืืชืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืืืืช ืงืืืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืงืืืช!
ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืื โ ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืืงื ืืืืก ืืืืข ืขื ืืืืช ืืืชืื.
Thereโs a โghost hurricaneโ in the forecast. It could help predict a real one
ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะถะตััะบะธะน ัะตะบั
A scary-looking weather forecast showing a hurricane hitting the Gulf Coast in the second half of June swirled around social media this weekโbut donโt panic.
Itโs the seasonโs first โghost hurricane.โ
Similar hype plays out every hurricane season, especially at the beginning: A cherry-picked, worst-case-scenario model run goes viral, but more often than not, will never come to fruition.
Unofficially dubbed โghost stormsโ or โghost hurricanes,โ these tropical systems regularly appear in weather models โ computer simulations that help meteorologists forecast future conditions โ but never seem to manifest in real life.
The model responsible this week was the Global Forecast System, also known as the GFS or American model, run by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Itโs one of many used by forecasters around the world.
All models have known biases or โquirksโ where they tend to overpredict or underpredict certain things. The GFS is known to overpredict tropical storms and hurricanes in longer-term forecasts that look more than a week into the future, which leads to these false alarms. The GFS isnโt alone in this โ all models struggle to accurately predict tropical activity that far in advance โ but it is notorious for doing so.
For example, the GFS could spit out a prediction for a US hurricane landfall about 10 days from now, only to have that chance completely disappear as the forecast date draws closer. This can occur at any time of the year, but is most frequent during hurricane season โ June through November.
Itโs exactly whatโs been happening over the past week as forecasters keep an eye out for the first storm of the 2025 Atlantic hurricane season.
Why so many ghosts?
No weather forecast model is designed in the exact same way as another, and thatโs why each can generate different results with similar data.
The reason the GFS has more false alarms when looking more than a week out than similar models โ like Europeโs ECMWF, Canadaโs CMC or the United Kingdomโs UKM โ is because thatโs exactly what itโs programmed to do, according to Alicia Bentley, the global verification project lead of NOAAโs Environmental Modeling Center.
The GFS was built with a โweak parameterized cumulus convection scheme,โ according to Bentley. In plain language, that means when the GFS thinks there could be thunderstorms developing in an area where tropical systems are possible โ over the oceans โ itโs more likely to jump to the conclusion that something tropical will develop than to ignore it.
Other models arenโt built to be quite as sensitive to this phenomenon, and so they donโt show a tropical system until theyโre more confident the right conditions are in place, which usually happens when the forecast gets closer in time.
The western Caribbean Sea is one of the GFSโ favorite places to predict a ghost storm. Thatโs because of the Central American gyre: a large, disorganized area of showers and thunderstorms that rotates over the region and its surrounding water.
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Scientists mapped what happens if a crucial system of ocean currents collapses. The weather impact would be extreme
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The collapse of a crucial network of Atlantic Ocean currents could push parts of the world into a deep freeze, with winter temperatures plunging to around minus 55 degrees Fahrenheit in some cities, bringing โprofound climate and societal impacts,โ according to a new study.
There is increasing concern about the future of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation โ known as the AMOC โ a system of currents that works like a giant conveyor belt, pulling warm water from the Southern Hemisphere and tropics to the Northern Hemisphere, where it cools, sinks and flows back south.
Multiple studies suggest the AMOC is weakening with some projecting it could even collapse this century as global warming disrupts the balance of heat and salinity that keeps it moving. This would usher in huge global weather and climate shifts โ including plunging temperatures in Europe, which relies on the AMOC for its mild climate.
Whatโs less clear, however, is how these impacts will unfold in a world heated up by humans burning fossil fuels.
โWhat if the AMOC collapses and we have climate change? Does the cooling win or does the warming win?โ asked Rene van Westen, a marine and atmospheric researcher at Utrecht University in the Netherlands and co-author of the paper published Wednesday in the Geophysical Research Letters journal.
This new study is the first to use a modern, complex climate model to answer the question, he told CNN.
The researchers looked at a scenario where the AMOC weakens by 80% and the Earth is around 2 degrees Celsius warmer than the period before humans began burning large amounts of fossil fuels. The planet is currently at 1.2 degrees of warming.
They focused on what would happen as the climate stabilized post-collapse, multiple decades into the future.
Even in this hotter world, they found โsubstantial coolingโ over Europe with sharp drops in average winter temperatures and more intense cold extremes โ a very different picture than the United States, where the study found temperatures would continue to increase even with an AMOC collapse.
Sea ice would spread southward as far as Scandinavia, parts of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, the research found. This would have a huge impact on cold extremes as the white surface of the ice reflects the sunโs energy back into space, amplifying cooling.
The scientists have created an interactive map to visualize the impacts of an AMOC collapse across the globe.
Tree-covered mountains rise behind a pile of trash, children run through the orange haze of a dust storm, and a billboard standing on parched earth indicates where the seashore used to be before desertification took hold. These striking images, exhibited as part of the Right Here, Right Now Global Climate Summit, show the devastating effects of climate change.
ะบัะฐะบะตะฝ ัััะปะบะฐ
The summit, held at the University of Oxford in the UK and supported by UN Human Rights (OHCHR), aims to reframe climate change as a human rights crisis and spotlight climate solutions. It works with everyone from policymakers to artists to get the message across.
โPhotographers document the human rights impacts of climate change, helping to inform the public and hold governments and businesses accountable,โ said Volker Turk, UN High Commissioner for the OHCHR, via email. โThe Right Here, Right Now Global Climate Summit shows the power of collective action โ uniting storytellers, scientists, indigenous leaders, and others to advance climate solutions rooted in human rights.โ
Coinciding with World Environment Day on June 5, the exhibition โ titled โPhotography 4 Humanity: A Lens on Climate Justiceโ โ features the work of 31 photographers from across the globe, all documenting the effects of global warming and environmental pollution on their own communities.
Climate change disproportionately affects vulnerable populations around the world. Despite emitting far fewer greenhouse gases, low-income nations are suffering the most from extreme weather events and have fewer resources to adapt or recover.
Photographs at the exhibition show the effects of desertification, flooding and plastic pollution. A black and white image shows the ruins of a house in West Bengal, India, sloping towards the Ganges River, with the owner sitting alongside. Riverbank erosion is degrading the environment and displacing communities in the area. Photographer Masood Sarwer said in a press release that the photo depicts the โslow violenceโ of climate change: โThese are not sudden disasters, but slow-moving, relentless ones โ shaping a new category of environmental refugees.โ
Another photo, taken by Aung Chan Thar, shows children fishing for trash in Inle Lake, Myanmar. The lake was once a pristine natural wonder but now faces the growing threat of plastic pollution. โThis image of children cleaning the water symbolizes the importance of education and collective action in preserving our environment for a sustainable future,โ he said.
Organizers hope that the exhibition will help to humanize the climate crisis. โOur mission is to inspire new perspectives through photography,โ said Pauline Benthede, global vice president of artistic direction and exhibitions at Fotografiska, the museum of photography, art and culture that is curating the exhibition at the summit. โIt draws attention to the human rights issue at the heart of global warming, which affects both the worldโs landscapes and the people that live within them.โ
โPhotography is the most influential and inclusive art form of our times and has the power to foster understanding and inspire action,โ she added.
Tree-covered mountains rise behind a pile of trash, children run through the orange haze of a dust storm, and a billboard standing on parched earth indicates where the seashore used to be before desertification took hold. These striking images, exhibited as part of the Right Here, Right Now Global Climate Summit, show the devastating effects of climate change.
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The summit, held at the University of Oxford in the UK and supported by UN Human Rights (OHCHR), aims to reframe climate change as a human rights crisis and spotlight climate solutions. It works with everyone from policymakers to artists to get the message across.
โPhotographers document the human rights impacts of climate change, helping to inform the public and hold governments and businesses accountable,โ said Volker Turk, UN High Commissioner for the OHCHR, via email. โThe Right Here, Right Now Global Climate Summit shows the power of collective action โ uniting storytellers, scientists, indigenous leaders, and others to advance climate solutions rooted in human rights.โ
Coinciding with World Environment Day on June 5, the exhibition โ titled โPhotography 4 Humanity: A Lens on Climate Justiceโ โ features the work of 31 photographers from across the globe, all documenting the effects of global warming and environmental pollution on their own communities.
Climate change disproportionately affects vulnerable populations around the world. Despite emitting far fewer greenhouse gases, low-income nations are suffering the most from extreme weather events and have fewer resources to adapt or recover.
Photographs at the exhibition show the effects of desertification, flooding and plastic pollution. A black and white image shows the ruins of a house in West Bengal, India, sloping towards the Ganges River, with the owner sitting alongside. Riverbank erosion is degrading the environment and displacing communities in the area. Photographer Masood Sarwer said in a press release that the photo depicts the โslow violenceโ of climate change: โThese are not sudden disasters, but slow-moving, relentless ones โ shaping a new category of environmental refugees.โ
Another photo, taken by Aung Chan Thar, shows children fishing for trash in Inle Lake, Myanmar. The lake was once a pristine natural wonder but now faces the growing threat of plastic pollution. โThis image of children cleaning the water symbolizes the importance of education and collective action in preserving our environment for a sustainable future,โ he said.
Organizers hope that the exhibition will help to humanize the climate crisis. โOur mission is to inspire new perspectives through photography,โ said Pauline Benthede, global vice president of artistic direction and exhibitions at Fotografiska, the museum of photography, art and culture that is curating the exhibition at the summit. โIt draws attention to the human rights issue at the heart of global warming, which affects both the worldโs landscapes and the people that live within them.โ
โPhotography is the most influential and inclusive art form of our times and has the power to foster understanding and inspire action,โ she added.
NASA scientists are in a state of anxious limbo after the Trump administration proposed a budget that would eliminate one of the United Statesโ top climate labs โ the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, or GISS โ as a standalone entity.
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In its place, it would move some of the labโs functions into a broader environmental modeling effort across the agency.
Career specialists are now working remotely, awaiting details and even more unsure about their future at the lab after they were kicked out of their longtime home in New York City last week. Closing the lab for good could jeopardize its value and the countryโs leadership role in global climate science, sources say.
โItโs an absolute sh*tshow,โ one GISS scientist said under condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak to the media. โMorale at GISS has never been lower, and it feels for all of us that we are being abandoned by NASA leadership.โ
โWe are supposedly going to be integrated into this new virtual NASA modeling institute, but (we have) no idea what that will actually look like,โ they said.
NASA is defending its budget proposal, with a nod toward the labโs future.
โNASAโs GISS has a significant place in the history of space science and its work is critical for the Earth Science Division, particularly as the division looks to the future of its modeling work and capabilities,โ NASA spokesperson Cheryl Warner said in a statement.
โFundamental contributions in research and applications from GISS directly impact daily life by showing the Earth system connections that impact the air we breathe, our health, the food we grow, and the cities we live in,โ Warner said.
GISS has a storied history in climate science on the global scale.
James Hansen, a former director, first called national attention to human-caused global warming at a Senate hearing during the hot summer of 1988. The lab, founded in 1961, is still known worldwide for its computer modeling of the planet that enable scientists to make projections for how climate change may affect global temperatures, precipitation, extreme weather events and other variables.
NASA scientists are in a state of anxious limbo after the Trump administration proposed a budget that would eliminate one of the United Statesโ top climate labs โ the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, or GISS โ as a standalone entity.
kra35cc
In its place, it would move some of the labโs functions into a broader environmental modeling effort across the agency.
Career specialists are now working remotely, awaiting details and even more unsure about their future at the lab after they were kicked out of their longtime home in New York City last week. Closing the lab for good could jeopardize its value and the countryโs leadership role in global climate science, sources say.
โItโs an absolute sh*tshow,โ one GISS scientist said under condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak to the media. โMorale at GISS has never been lower, and it feels for all of us that we are being abandoned by NASA leadership.โ
โWe are supposedly going to be integrated into this new virtual NASA modeling institute, but (we have) no idea what that will actually look like,โ they said.
NASA is defending its budget proposal, with a nod toward the labโs future.
โNASAโs GISS has a significant place in the history of space science and its work is critical for the Earth Science Division, particularly as the division looks to the future of its modeling work and capabilities,โ NASA spokesperson Cheryl Warner said in a statement.
โFundamental contributions in research and applications from GISS directly impact daily life by showing the Earth system connections that impact the air we breathe, our health, the food we grow, and the cities we live in,โ Warner said.
GISS has a storied history in climate science on the global scale.
James Hansen, a former director, first called national attention to human-caused global warming at a Senate hearing during the hot summer of 1988. The lab, founded in 1961, is still known worldwide for its computer modeling of the planet that enable scientists to make projections for how climate change may affect global temperatures, precipitation, extreme weather events and other variables.
NASA scientists are in a state of anxious limbo after the Trump administration proposed a budget that would eliminate one of the United Statesโ top climate labs โ the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, or GISS โ as a standalone entity.
kra34 cc
In its place, it would move some of the labโs functions into a broader environmental modeling effort across the agency.
Career specialists are now working remotely, awaiting details and even more unsure about their future at the lab after they were kicked out of their longtime home in New York City last week. Closing the lab for good could jeopardize its value and the countryโs leadership role in global climate science, sources say.
โItโs an absolute sh*tshow,โ one GISS scientist said under condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak to the media. โMorale at GISS has never been lower, and it feels for all of us that we are being abandoned by NASA leadership.โ
โWe are supposedly going to be integrated into this new virtual NASA modeling institute, but (we have) no idea what that will actually look like,โ they said.
NASA is defending its budget proposal, with a nod toward the labโs future.
โNASAโs GISS has a significant place in the history of space science and its work is critical for the Earth Science Division, particularly as the division looks to the future of its modeling work and capabilities,โ NASA spokesperson Cheryl Warner said in a statement.
โFundamental contributions in research and applications from GISS directly impact daily life by showing the Earth system connections that impact the air we breathe, our health, the food we grow, and the cities we live in,โ Warner said.
GISS has a storied history in climate science on the global scale.
James Hansen, a former director, first called national attention to human-caused global warming at a Senate hearing during the hot summer of 1988. The lab, founded in 1961, is still known worldwide for its computer modeling of the planet that enable scientists to make projections for how climate change may affect global temperatures, precipitation, extreme weather events and other variables.