Samuel Amah, Abakaliki
A former Secretary to the Government of the Federation, Sen. Anyim Pius Anyim, has identified underdevelopment and weak institutional reforms as some of the major challenges facing political succession and nation-building in Nigeria.
Anyim, who was also a former President of the Senate of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, noted that poor succession could breed nepotism and encourage mediocrity in governance, violation of laws, rules, lawlessness, corruption, instability, and insecurity, among others in the country.
The former Senate President stated this while delivering a lecture at the University of Nigeria Nsukka, in Enugu State, on Wednesday, organised by the Faculty of Social Sciences with the theme, “Political Succession and Nation Building in Nigeria: Problems and Challenges”.
According to him, for the country to lay solid foundation for nation-building, it must bring back the middle class by ensuring that all incentives needed for their growth and sustenance were in place.
He reiterated that nation-building was anchored on the process of equipping a nation with an institutional foundation such as principles of separation of powers, rule of law, strong and viable institutions, including the right to vote and be voted for.
He said, “Poverty and the ever-widening gap between the rich and the poor have impeded sustainable nation-building in Nigeria. There cannot be a sustainable push towards nation-building without genuine efforts at eradicating poverty and ignorance. Poverty and ignorance do not only breed corruption, distrust, desperation for political office and many other vices that are inimical to nation-building; they are also a major cause of serious conflict and insurgency such as the Boko Haram.
“Institutions are the main drivers of nation-building in any society because they sustain the democratic process by promoting and maintaining orderly procedure through which political succession is attained, and power is transferred from one government or individual to another and dividends of democracy delivered to the people.
“There are three important components to institution building: setting the rules; hiring persons with the technical expertise and moral competence to interpret the rules or implement the goals of the organisations and ensuring that the institutions inspire public confidence by being transparent, fair, and consistent.
“Institutions also play a vital role in upholding the pillars of nation-building and ensuring that persons who go against the rules are held accountable and punished. Hence, there is the absolute need to strengthen our institutions by mainstreaming the principles of rule of law and other democratic norms in their operations, beefing up their capacity, improving their independence, setting up internal or corporate governance structures and making them open, transparent, and accountable to the people.
“If there is any lesson, we can learn from the last American presidential election, it is that strong institutions matter and is a fundamental pillar for nation-building and ensuring sustainable political succession. We, therefore, must strengthen our institutions if we are to make any meaningful progress.
“As nation-building is a continuous process, we must, as a people, continue to strengthen our justice and governance institutions and democratic ideals as fundamental elements of our political succession processes towards building a prosperous nation.
“As noted by the United Nations, weak institutions, poor governance culture, lack of awareness and docility on the part of the people are major contributors to the under-development of any nation.”
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